p AT TP A' 'T A M
VOL. XXIII.
RALEIGH, NOBTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY. DECEMBER 7, 11)03;
NO. U.
HE PRESIDENTS .-MESSAGE
A Strong Presentation of the Leading
Questions Demanding Legislation
STRONG ON RATE REGULATION
The Country is Enjoying a Season of
Unprecedented Prosperity Sub
jects That Will Engage the Atten
tion of the People's Representa
tivesA Thoughtful and Exhaus
tive Document.
F..ll')u iig i in substance the an
ri mi-a'ic of President Roosevelt,
rend in both houses of Congress:
Introduction.
To the Senate and House of Repre
sentatives: The people of this country continue
to enjoy great prosperity. Undoubt
edly there will be ebb and flow in
such prosperity, and this ebb and flow
will lie felt more or less by all attem
pers of the community, both by the
deserving ;uid the undeserving.
Against the wrath of the Lord the wis
dom of man can not avail; in times
of flood or drought human ingenuity
ran but partially repair the disaster
A general failure of crops would hurt
us. Again, if the folly of man mars
the general well-being, then those who
are innocent of the folly will have to
pay part of the penalty incurred by
those who are guilty of the folly. A
panic brought on by the speculative
folly of part of the business com
munity would hurt the whole business
community. lut such stoppage of
welfare, though it might be severe,
would not be lasting. In the long
inn the one vital factor in the per
ra'anent prosperity of the country is
hc high individual character of the
average American worker, the aver
age American citizen, no matter
whether hi work be mental or man
ual, whether he be farmer or wage
worker, business man or professional
man. ,
In our industrial and social system
the interests of all men are so closely
intertwined that in the immense ma
jority of cases a straight-dealing man
who by his efficiency, by his ingenu
ity and industry, benefits himself must
also benefit others. Normally the man
of great productive capacity who be
comes rich by guiding the labor of
ffianj' other men does so by enabling
them to produce more than they could
produce without his guidance; and
both he and they share in the benefit,
which conies also to the public at
large,
f-h a Tin-
The superficial fact that the
may be unequal must never
blind us to the underlying fact that
there is this sharing, and that the ben
efit conies iu,souie degress to each man
concerned. Normally the wage-work-'.
the man of small means, and the
average consume!'. a well as the av
erage pieducpiv are all alike helped j
uy makuig c-ojjditlon such tliat th8 j ?myed that a shipper has been told
man at t.xooptionu busiis ability j by a traffic oificer to buy a large
receives r.u exceptional reward lor hU quantity of some commodity and then
ability. Hornet ilia,, can be done by leg-; after it has been bought an open re.
i?!atiort to help tha .general prosper? j duction is. made iu rate take eftect
ity; but no such help of a porman- j immediately, the arangement result
my bciseiU'ial ( liaracter can ha given j jng to the damage of all their com.
to the less ftbiu and less fortunate, 'petitora; for it must not bs forgotten
save as the result of u policy which that the big slrirmera are at least as
shall inure to the advantage of all in- j
dustrious and efficient peoplo who act
decently; and this is only another
way of saying that any benefit which
comes to the less able and less for
tuuate must of necessity come even
more to the more able and more for
tunate. f, therefore, the less for
tunate man is moved by envy of his
more fortunate brother to strike at the
conditions under which they have
both, though unequallyrospered, the
result will assuredly be that while
damage may come to the one struck at
it will yisit with an even heavier load
the one who strikes the blow. Taken
as a whole we must all go up or go
down together.
Corporations.
Yet, while not merely admitting, but
insisting upon this, it is also true that j
where there is no governmental re
straint or supervision some of the ex
ceptional men use their energies not
in ways that are for the common
good, but in ways which tell against
this common good. The fortunes
amassed through corporate organiza
tion are now so large, and vest such
power in those that wield them, as
to make it a matter of necessity to
Rive to the sovereign that is, to the
Government, which represents the
people as a whole some effective
power of supervision over their cor
porate use. In order to insure a heal
thy social and industrial life, every
hig corporation should be held respon
sible by, and be accountable to, some
sovereign strong enough to control its
fonduet. I am in no sense hostile to
corporations. This is an age pi com
bination, and any effort to. prevent all
eombination "will be not only useless,
M iu the end vicious, because of the
wjtempt foriaw Wwa tv tmo
enforce law meTitAW.Jr Induces. We
snouid, moMH)v-, recognize in cordial
am! nmjdfc fashion the immense crood
effected by eorjiorate agencies in a
country such as ours, and the wffllth
of intellect, energy, and fidelity yJpWjI
ed to their service and tWeWfo're nor
mally to the service tue public, by
their officers and directors. The eor
lratm has eome to stay, just as the
trade union has come to stay. Each
ran do and has done great good. Each
should be favored so long as it doe
good. But each should be fcharpl-Y
cheeked where it act agftinst law and
.justice. So long as the finances of the
Nation are kept ujion an honest basis
no other Question of internal economy
with which the Congress .has the pow
er to deal begins to approach in im
portance the matter of endeavoring
to secure proper industrial condition
unjjer which the individual? -and e
jiecially the great corporation doing
an interstate buMiiess are to act. The
maker of our National Constitution
provided especially that the regulation
of intei-state commerce should come
within the sphere of the General Gov
ernment. ' The arguments in favor of
their taking this stand were even
then overwhelming. Hut they are far
stronger to-day, in view of the enor
mous development of great business
agencies, usually corporate in form.
Experience has shown conclusively
that it is useless to try to get any
adequate regulation and supervision
of these great corporations by State
action. Such regulation and supervis
ion can only be effectively exercised
by a sovereign whose jurisdiction is
coextensive with the field of work of
the corporations that is, by the Nat
ional Government.
I am well aware of. the difficulties
of the legislation that I am suggest
ing, and of the 'need of temperate and
cautious action in securing it. I should
emphatically protest against improp
erly radical or hasty action. The first
thing to do is to deal with the great
corporations engaged in the business
of interstate transportation. As I
said in my Message of December 6
last, the immediate and most pressing
need, so far as legislation is concern
ed, is the enactment into law of some
scheme to secure to the agents of the
Government such supervision and reg
ulation of the 'rates charged by the
railroads of the country engaged in
interstate traffic as shall summarily
and effectively prevent the imposition
of unjust or unreasonable rates. It
must include putting a complete stop
to rebates in every shape and form.
This power to regulate rates, like all
similar powers over the business
world, should be exercised with modi
fication, caution and self-restraint;
but it should exist, so that it can be
effectively execised when the need
t rises.
The first consideration to be kept in
mind is that the power should be affir
mative and should be given to some
administrative body created by the
Congress.
Illegal transactions ofte'n occur un
dpr tho forms of law. 3 1 has often oc-
much to blame as any railroad in the
matter of rebates. The law should
make it clear so that nobody can fail
to understand that any kind of com
mission paid on freight' shipments,
whether in this form or in the form of
fictitious damages, or of a concession
a frcss pass, reduced passenger rate,
or paj'ment of brokerage, is illegal.
All private-car lines, industrial
roads, refrigerator charges, and the
like should be expressly put under
the supervision of the Interstate Coqjg
meree Commission or 4ome similar
body so far as rates, aid agreements
practically affecting rates, are con
cerned. The private-car owners and
the owners of industrial railroads are
entitled to a fair and reasonable com
pensation on their investment, but
neither nrivate ears nor industrial
raflroads mor spur tracks should be
utilized devices for securing prefer
ential rates'. A rebate in icing charges,
or in mileage, or in a division of the
rate for refrigerating charges is just
as pernicious as a rebate in any other
way. No lower rate should appty on
goods imported than , actually obtains
on domestic goods from the Ameri
can seaboard to destination except in
cities where water competition is the
controlling- influence. There should
be publicity of the accounts of com
mon carriers; no common 'carrier en
gaged in interstate business should
keep any books or memoranda other
than those reported pursuant to law
or regulation, and these books or
memoranda should be open to the in
spection of the Government. Only
in this way can violations- or evasions
of the law be. surely detected. A sys
tem of examination of . railroad ac
counts should be provided , similar to
that now conducted into the national
banks by the bank examiners; a few
flrstclass railroad utmuntanr', !f
they had prater HrtV4 d projwr
aKr-ily T'A cil books and papers
edtdd mpUh much in preventing
wtfitui Violations of the law.
I urge upon the Const- lV eTd
of providing for . rr!aious action
by the In ttle I'ommerce Commis
si Hi all these matters, whether in
regulating ratts for transportation or
tor florin: handling property or
CoITJiion!iies in transit. Thn. Wrlorv
of the eae lit'srate.d "Jtrlder the pres
ent )tfiffierfe act phows that its efh
ca'cay has been to a great degree des
troyed by the weapon of delay, al
most the most formidable wearon
in the hands of those whose purpose
it is to violate the law
afet'y Appliances.
In my annual Message to the Fifty
eighth Congress, at its third session
I called attention to the necessity for
legislation. requiring the use of blork
signals upon railroad engaged in
interntate ctuntnete. The nuhaber bf
ptnlou collisions Upon unblocked
road1? that have occurred within the
past year adds force t the recom
mendation 'then made. The Congress
should provide, by appropriate legis
lation, for the introduction of. block
signals upon all railroads engaged in
interstate commerce nt the earliest
practicable date, as a measure of in
creased safety to the traveling public-.
. ,
Hours of Labor of Railroad Em
ployees. The excessive hours of labor to
which railroad employees in train ser
vice are in . many cases subjected is
also a matter which may well engage
the serious attention of the Con
gress. . The strain, both mental and
physical, Upon those who dre engaged
in the movement and operation of
railroad trains under modern condi
tions is perhaps greater than that
which exists in any other industry,
and if there are any reasons for limit
ing by law the hours of labor in any
employment, they certainly apply with
peculiar force to the employment of
those upon whose vigilance and alert
ness in the performance of their du
ties the safety of all who travel by
rail depends.
Labor.
The National Government has as
a rule but little occasion io deal with
the formidable group, of problems
connected more or less directly with
what is known as the labor question,
for in the great majority of cases
these problems must be dealt with by
the State and municipal authorities
arid not by the National Government.
The National Government has con
trol of the District of Columbia, how
ever, and it should see to it that the
City of Washington is made a model
city in all respects, both as regards
parks, public grounds, proper regula
tion of the system of housing so as
to do away with the evils of alley
tenements, a proper system of educa
tion, a proper S3stem of dealing with
truancy and juvenile offenders, a pro
per handling of the charitable work
of the District. Moreover, there
should be proper factory laws to pre
vent all abuses in the employment of
women and children in the District.
These will be useful' chiefly as ob
ject lessons, but even this limited
amount of usefulness would be of real
national value.
There has been demand for depriv
ing courts of the power to issue in
junctions, in .labor disputes. Such
special Iuuitation of' the equity "pow
ers of our courts would be most Un
wise. It is true that some nudges
have misused ' tins power; but this
does not justify a denial of the power
any more than an improper exercise
of the power to call, a strike by a
labor leader would justify the -dental
o the right to strike.
Tha Denavtmeni of Commerce and
Labor should also raakq a thorough in
vestigation of the condition of
women in industry. Over five
million American women are now
engaged in gainful occupations; vet
there is an almost complete dearth'
of data upon which to base any trust
worthy conclusions as regards a sub
ject as important as it is vast and
complicated. Thore is need of full
knowledge on which to base action
looking toward ' State aud municipal
legislation for the protection or work
ing women. The introduction of wo
men into industry is working change
and . disturbs nee in the domestic and
social life of-the Nation.
v ' Instirancs. ' .
The greatinsurance companies af
ford striking: examples' 4 of " . corpora
tions whose business has extended so
far beyond the jurisdiction of the
State which created them as to pre
clude strict enforcement of supervi
sion and regulation, by the parent
States. In my last annual Message;
I recommended . t ' that tb e Congress
carefully consider whether 'the pow
er of the Bureau of ; Corporations can
not 'constitutionally ,hg extended' to
cover interstate' transactions 4 in in
surance." Recent s events have em
phasized the importance of 'an early
and -exhaustive consideration of this
question, to see whether it is not pos
sible to furnish better safeguards than
ttie several Mates have been able to
furnish against corruption of the
flagrant kind whieh has been exposed.
It has been only too elearlv shown
that certain of the men at the head
of these large corporations: take but
small .note -of the ethical distinction
between honesty and dishonesty; they
draw the line only, this side of' what
may be, called, lawThonqsty, the kind
.of nonesty necessary in order to avoid
falling into the olutchea of the law
i
aupme remedy
for hl condition mxiki Le fonnd in
an around public cansKrienee'. a higher
sens? of .ethical roeduct in, jth -immunity
at larpe", and ihjUHv nmodg
bu ) tpen itUl in me great pro
fession of the law, and in the growth
of a spirit which eomlemus all. dis
honesty, whether in rich man or in
poor man, whether it takes the ibape
of bribery or of blackmail But much
eat? be done bv eUla'ioii whiHi U
net i?n!V Ulasiie but UaJUcai.
The Bevenues.
There is . more need of stability
than of the atempt to attain an ideal
perfection in the methods of raising
revenue; and the boek nd "train to
th5 bli'liiCs world" certain io alitiiti
any serious change in these methods
render such ehange inadvisable unless
for grave reason. It is not possible
to lay down any general rule by
whieh to determine the moment when
the ren.-on for will outweigh thoe
against such a c'tiailgP. Muflt hiu?t
depehit; riot merely bit ihe rlee'di; btit
on the desires, of the eople as. a
whole; for needs and ci.es ires are not
necessarily identical. Of course no
change can be made on lines benefi
cial to, or desired by, one section
or one State only. There must be
something like a general agreement
among the citizen of the several
States us represented . ill the Con
gress, that the change is needed iiiid
desired in the interest of the people as
a whole: and there should then be
a 'sincere, intelligent, and disinter
ested effort to make it in such shape
as will combine, so far as possible,
the maximum of good to the people
at large with the minimum of nece
sarv di regard for the special interests
pf localities" or classes But in time of
peace the revenue must oil the av
erage, taking a series of years to
gether, equal the expenditures or else
the revenues must be increased. Last
year there Avas a deficit. I niess our
expenditures1 can be kept within the
revenues then our revenue laws must
be readjusted.
Economy in Exepnditures.
I earnestly recommend to the Con
gress the need of economy and to
this end of a rigid scrutiny of appro
priations. As examples merely, 1 call
your attention to one of two specific
matters. All unnecessary oil ices
should be abolished. The Commis
sioner of the General Land Office
recommends fhe abolishment of the of
fice of receiver of public moneys for
United States land ofiices.
Yet, in speaking of ecenomy, I must
-i i -i
in no wise De understood as advo
cating the false economy which is in
the end the worst "extravagance. To
cut down on the Navy, for instance,
would be a crime against the Nation.
To fail to push forward all work on
the Panama Canal would be as great
a follv.
At various times I have instituted
investigations into the organization
and. conduct of the business of the
Executive Departments, While none
of these inquiries have yet progressed
far enough to warrant iinal conclu
sions, they have already confirmed
and emphasized the general imres
sion that the organization of the De
partments is often faulty in princi
ple' and wasteful in results, while
many of their business methods are
artiquidated and inefficient. There
is every reason why our executive
governmental machinery should be at
least as well planned, economical, and
efficient as the best macilinery of the
great business organizations, which
at present is not the ease.
Monroe Doctrine.
One of the most effective r.itrur
ments for peace is the Monroe Dpp.
trine as ip has been pr4 i fyeing grad?
uaJJy developed, by tjds Nation antj
ui'uepiuo, dv Qtner nations, otnor
policy could havo -been w fflclent
pruwutg ppai'P in me esieru
Hemisphere and in giving to each na
tion thereon the chance to develop
along its own lines. If we had refused
to apply the Doctrine to changing
conditions it would now be complete
ly outworn, would not meet any of the
needs of the present day, aud" indeed
would probably by this time have
sunk into complete oblivion. It is
useful at home, and is meeting with
recognition abroad because we have
adapted our application of it to meet
the growing aud changing needa of
our Hemisphere. When we announce
a policy, such as the Monroe Doc
trine, we thereby commit ourselves
to the consequences of the policy, and
those consequences from time to time
alter. It is out of the question to
claim a right and yet shirk the re
sponsibility for its exercise. Not on
ly we, but all American Republics
who are benefitted by the existence
of the Doctrine, must recognize the
obligations each nation is under as
regards foreign peoples no less than
its duty to' insist upon its own rights.
That our rights and interests are
deeply concerned in the maintenance
of the Doctrine is as clear as hardly
to need argument. This is especially
true in view of the construction of
the Panama Canal. As a mere mater
of self-defense .we must exercise a
close watch .'over the approaches to
this canal ; and this means that we
must be thoroughly alive to our inter
ests in the Caribbean Sea. '
afijswor arsea iMd?es Ezrh hrdluu
Santo Domingo.
Santo Domingo, in her turn, has
now made an appeal to us to - help
her, and not only every principle of
wisdom but every generous instinct
within us bids us respond to the ap
ReaL It is not of the slightest eon
sequence whether we grant the-aid
J needed by Santo pomisgo as an. in-
eiJent to tit ttH'vi f tU
Mouroe D K-trin. or tx-rauw wr r
$rad the ca-M of Santa iMtninio a
utapdiutf . holly b itM?lf. ard
t-Md, is. ;i-h; fcrd not .n $
pnurii4 or with Cut ftf"f
1 to be
te rural
prmrii4
to
the Monroe Doctrine.
" Amy and Navy.
We cannot consider the question of
our foreign jnwwy without at th
sarn; vti!rie tfeatirfg l'( fie Art
the N; We Wovr have a very
smalt army 'iidVl: one vf-ruh
inlinitejimal when comparvu ?h the
army of any other la rue nation. Of
course the Army we do have should
be as nearly perfect of its kind and
for it ize a pokib!e. I do not be-
lieVe that M rtp in the world ha
a better average of eniiste! r
a better tvr of junior officer; bu
the Army ahonld be trained to act
effectively in a mass. Provision
should be made by s'lfbcient appro-;
prtation for maneuver of n practi-i
cal kind so that the troop may lean' j
how t1 tatc tare of fhemeltes under
actual service eoti'.litlb'b: etery march
for instance, being made wHh the
soldier loaded exactly as he would
be in active campaign. The generals
and colonel would thereby have -portunity
of handling regiments,
brigades, and divisions, and the -om-miarv
and medical departments
woubf be tested id the field. Provi
idrl shHnM b iririite for the exercise
at feast of ri brigade and by preefr
ence of a division in liiarcliifrg and
embarking at some jmint and continu
ing its march. The number f osts
in which the Army is kept in lime of
peace should be matriaily diminshed
and the j)OBtK that are left made cor
reppondifJgly larger No 1"m1 inter
ests should be allowed to stand in
tlie way of assembling fhe greater
part of the t hoops whieh would, at
need form our field armies in stations
of such size as will permit the best
training to be given to t fie personnel
of all grades, including the high otli
eers and staff officers. To accom
plish this end we must have not com
pany or regimehtflil gan-ion bta
brigade and division garrison,
Federal Elections.
The President touches uiwm
ti
ie
question of Federal elections, fjuot
ing the well known constitutional
provision that Congress shall be the
final judge of the qualification of its
own members, lie also - declares
strongly against all forms of corrup
tion and expresses regret at the grow
ing tendency to increase expenses in
connection with the conduct of po
litical campaigns. Briefly, he ad
vocates the greatest possible purity
of the ballot and the fuleet free
dom of the exercise of the elective
franchise consistent with good gov
ernment. ' Immigration.
Thes ubject of immigration is treat
ed by Mr. Roosevelt in a particular
ly able and thoughtful manner. The
tendency of foreigners to congregate
in sections of the country already
congested with people is deplored.
High-class foreigners are desirable
and are welcomed, but only those
with tendencies towards good citizen
ship, and of industrious and law-ab
iding habits will add to the general
welfare of the nation. It is pointed
out that our farming sections need
labor, and that all who come with a
will to work will find a ready welcome.
Criminal Laws.
In my last Message 1 asked the
attention of the Congress to the ur
gent need of action to mak our
original law nor effective and 1
mot earnestly iequ6t that vqu py
hetd, tP the reporp' of the Aajtorneyr
Genergi on this subject, Centuries
ago it was pspeeially needful to
thrtw evry safeguard round the &e
fMeat Buch danger thea wM lt
he tchu'uld bo wronged by the stat,
The danger know exactly the revcrw,
Breaches of fruit in Public Service.
There aeems to be no statute of
the United States which provides
for the punishment of a tnited
States attorney or other officer of
the Government who eorruptly ugrees
to wrongfully do or wrongfully re
frain from doing any act when the
consideration for such corrupt agree
ment is other than one posesiing
money value. Thw ought to be reme
died by appropriate legislation.
Fnblic Land Laws.
Once again I call your.attention to
the condition of the public-land laws.
Recent developments have given new
urgency to the need for sueh changes
as will fit these laws to actual pres
ent conditions. The honest disposal
and right use of the remaining pub
lic lands is of fundamental import
ance. The iniquitous methods by
which the monopolizing of the public
bnds is being brought abodt under
the present laws are becoming more
generally known, but the existing laws
do uot furnish effective remedies.
Ihe recommendations of the Publie
Laud? Commission upon this subject
are wise and should be given effect.
The Jamestown Tercentennial.
This enterprise is highly commend-j
1 1 At. - T M X t- 1
eu oy ine irresiuem, who uearviiy seis
the seal of his approval upon every
thing Congress may see fit to do to
assist in making it a success.
Our Island Possessions.
Good work has been , done by our
government in all the territorial ac
quired by our recent war with. Spain.
Order is rapidly being brough about
and the;- people are besoming con-
I tented and prosperous. - ;
Tit Bafst CeaftrtscsS.
flif Vwjns!. rUb!iisi fur tW
purjs ' artrt..toj; mattrr of la
ternatHtnit dinVr;, timS adir ac
complbfcrd murh z"i. MatV jf
fmanip ii aud dfeiiM and a!iM tu
duttei' . ra powers in tu of
war lif ve txwn n"7!ri Bp atxl di-
cusjed hrfurv tbi higb triJtr. and
a bet'r tsndrrtanditiff bttweru IM
gmii out of the merlins.
it'i of the earth ha already
National PirV Rerratiozx.
The President rectimmcnidf 9 t Pi
Co!.
the eulaiveuieut of lb
bound of t". VlUwtne National
Park, the protection tf the Niagara
Kalis and the establishment f uch
other park reervati.n a conTie?
fit to w-t apart. The Treat
benetJ'f of t"e national arks to
science ns we? Ihe health aud
happiness of the kIM i pointed
out.
Merchant Marine.
To" (li spread of our tra 'e in jn-ace
and ihe defi.e f "ir ihj : in war
r. ::eat and prsenHs mC'l'sot ma
r?.t:' iiulijK-nsible. We -iuld hfl
slj; l our and seani u of our
own to eouvs-v i"T wls ! neutril
i.-avkvts, and i'i ease oi ' .-
e ilo'ee our battle line. It
i to lt-
bat be a source of regret and mi-
'isif.e t: us that the lines of coin
ttmnfcflt f u with out siter republics
t.f otifij ..fjcfiefl luuld Im chie;sy
Mifder foreign eonlK-J.
Pensions.
The soldier m td his duty in
the time of war should revie the
benefits of a grateful country, bt
here as elsewhere, a strict watch
sliotild be kept to prevent fraud.
Mississippi Levees.
The National (Joveiuinefrt rlr.?ad
d"-t fornething in couneetiou re if K
l!ie constiuMioM and maintenar.ee of
the ;reat system of hees r. ior.tr the
lower course of the M issi ippi ; in
my judgment it should dj much
mo.e.
Th Civil Service.
The civil service Uw has been on
the statute books for twenlV-two
vearr-. Every President and a vast
majority f heads of departments
who hate been ill ofTiee during that
period have favored rt gp'dual ex
tension of the merit sys'ett. The
more thoroughly its prr.cipls have
been understood, the greater has
been the favor with which the law has
been icgardedjiy adminictrativo of
officers. ny attempt to carry on the
great, executive departments of the
(rovernment without this law woi.id
inevitably result in chaos. The Civil
Service Commissioners ar d ing ex
cellent work; and their compensa
tion is inadequate considering the
service they perform.
Admission to Statehood.
I recommend that Indian Territory
and Oklahoma be adimtted as one
State and that Mexico and Arizona
be admitted as one State. There is
no obligation upon us to treat terri
torial subdivisions, which are mat
ters of v convenience only, as bind
ing us on the question of admission
to statehood.
Panama Canal.
The treatment between the United
States and the Kepublic of Panama,
under whieh the ron ruction of the
Panama Canal was made possible,
went info effect with its ratification
bv the United States mi April 2'i,
11)04, ou payment ' of .f 10,000.000 to
that eompany. ()u April 1. the
Cofnai'5o: ' a. r,r'A&u'm and
it IJOW sO!siU if ''lLCidwtl3 P.
Shunt, chairman, CiaUi & Ma
Admiral Mortlecai T. Endicott, Bri?.
(in, Peter C Hains. and Col. Oswald
If, KM,
The Dcpartaicr.t of State.
I rtfeomuiend more adequate pro
vision than he been made hereto
fore for the work of the Depart
ment of State. Within a few years
there has been a very great increase
in the amount and importauce of the
work to be done by that Department-,
both in Washington and abroad. This
has been ' caused by the great in
crease of our foreign trade, the in
crease of wealth among our people,
which enables them to travel more
generally than heretofore, the in
crease cf American capital whieh is
seeking investment in foreign coun
tries, and the growth of our power
and weight in the councils of the
civilized world.
Conclusion.
Suitable provision should be made
for the expense of keeping our dip
lomatic ofbcers more fully informed
of what is being done from day to
day in progress of our diplomatic
affairs with other countries. The
lack of soch information, caused by
insufficient appropriations available
for cable tolls and for clerical ancl
mesenger service, frequently puts our
officers at a great disadvantage and
detracts from their usefulness. The
salary list should be readjusted. It
doc not "now correspond either to
the importance of the service to be
rendered and the degrees of ability
and experience required in the dif
ferent positions, or to the differences
in the cost of Irving. In many cases
the salaries are quite inadequate.
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
The White House,
. , December 5, 1905.
CONGRESS AT WORK
Lantnaking Body OrsaftUc
end Gets to Work
WILLIAMS DEMOCRATIC LEADER
Speaker Csaa U K e!ecUd a-J.
Rules cf Ut GoaTts Are Asat?t
ed After Hwnoross 8yb ia 0;
position by l!r. WillUa.
Wahuitrtoi. Itnal- Con'it-
emd with little vt lU
rlfOiaoer .lher La 1
n-vtU' t o mu'-ii f" f i
cutlirted UMil the i.le.c of the rrt-a
fitne f t!u'na entritaiiH-d b tH
elder ta!enien. ilrne the V".
ify f the ojenii; ha l-r
aM,ff;Chat v jerir?!!ar ati!
Howexer, fnib Uuv iiUU-u( t
Kallene n-liefl Ihv vutt"f stf"-
the tlor. when mci '"
nod the ent pntvrtl a nU M !in f .
man rr.pTt js t tv.
The folUtwin r4u iH jH.muir-tee
weie elected T
Clerk -AlcianuVr MeU.wrll. P iu.
STrf.t-at-Atin Hr?ry (a.-it..
IKmrkeriKT K. H. I.vn. New Y rk.
Post ma ter Joseph C. Mt
Ohio.
CJiaplain Kev. Henry N. C.ttd'iu
Mirhiirai..
The rulej of the Fifty ei-hth tVi
jrest, isolnding the Uadin
reistiMtf to the nMidt'ration of n
sion ai.'c' rlaim bills on Fr ':-, '
motion of Air. Ialll, of prutit
vanii. wen ordered rcntioned l in;
the Fifty-ninth Conyreiw.. Thi
luti'Mi will be offen d by Mr. iUl H,
wheri the House is orgMiued nxf
Monday.
Very little Im-snU'h the orginiJtioii
of the House will ! Tnipl ih 'f
fttt wrU of the ses-ion, nlthou-,'h if t
possible th.it an enier ncv appiopiin
tion for the Pa n:mu Canal may !
parsed the last of tho wek. -uti
the committees are ainted. toeh u
bill would have to le etmidered by
unaiiiniou eoiiM iit, or under i j- i !
order. It will deind uj-.ii !. te, U
of the cajial linflnrv whetlr the em
ergency appropriation will be ru.-';rl
through this week or p over until the
week following.
Williami Minority Leader.
Washington. jeial. For two
hours Saturday the Democrat ie mem
bers of the House of KepreM-nt itivi
discusse'd JMirty Kdicies and prMtdiue
with a view to Mlidifing the mi'ior
itv and acting h.iiiaouiously uj-n all
matter of a partis.-i cbnraetei that
may come before the Hou-. John
Shar Williams was yiaiiirnoufdy
chosen as the nominee for Sj-n..er
and this action of the caucus makes
him the minority leader fr tin u
sulucr Congress to succeed hianelf
Washington, Special. "The Amcr- .
ican people have selected the Sinker
of the House for the fifty-ninth Con
gress; it only remains for n to ratify
their choice. I will not call Jor a ioi
mal nomination, but" dimply tiase
Joseph G. Cannon, of llfwvi."
The statement mane by naini.au
Hepburn Saturday to the lU-publie.ni
members of the House of Hcirenta-
tivcw was received by heart v rver.
and Mr. Cannon wa immediately de
clared the nominee for K)eafcer. W i
liam P. Hepburn, f low a, a re
flected chairman of the caucus lor
the session and Heury C. Iudeslay-
er, uf New Jersey, wcrt-tao'- -'vir
UnnoR sprang a urpne on ni s
sociatei bv pallin? out of his pocket
ft tvpewnttaa pvu, wwen u r;ou
from bsdnnUsr to end.
Mr. Cancca nld hi uwuM wnd
with bis associate in spboldin the
polieiei of the RepubUean party, un
der which all the people have jv.
pered. Referring to railway legisla
tion, he said that "by the 'operation
cf competitive forces, that matters cf
difference between the corporations,
the carrier, and the people theyerve,
would be adjusted to all.
"The concenn of opinion of the
people, however, i that Congres has
the powerr, by amendmeat to the law.
to provide better remedies for real
abuses existing, so that the producer
and consumer can fiad a more speedy
and less expensive remedy than we
now have. In this opinion, I, for one,
coneur. The burden is upon Congress,
and our party, having power, is pri
marily responsible. . .
Mr. Cannon urged that justice be
done both to corporation and people,
and in conclusion referred to the desir
ability of a short session.
Several New Senators Sworn Im
Washington, Special In the Senate
Monday several new Senators- were
sworn in, including Mr. Fralder, of
TtnnetMC. The credentials of Sena
tor Taliaferro, of Florida, were pre
sented by Senator Maliory. Sna
4ors Allison and Morgan were appoint
ed as a committee to wait upon the
President, together with a similar
committee from the house. . 5
Sultan's Proposals Not Accepted.
London, By Cable.-r-A dispatch
from Paris states that it is reported
in Frencli government circle that the
powers, after examining, the . latest
Turkish proposal, decided, that they
are unsatisfactory and. therefore the
international fleet will'nof be order
ed home. It is stated that unless the
Sultan completely backs down before ,
Monday the Islands of Lennjos and-
Imbros wiU be tieiezed, . -
i
i