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i HT TT "FT TT JrlJtL CAUCASIAN. y QL. XXIX. RALEIGH, N, C. THURSDAY. OCTOBER 19. I91U No. 41 FDifORL . BRIEFS :TrL ie7 bought up r(rats in -re. too. the V nsln Leglala- A '.Vender if the tariff sponsible ,J the high cost of U in free ade England? Democratic candidates are spring ,.r ur all over the State, but the f-oit 'iH 8et the m08t of them. The Salisbury Post wants to know ,f the Greensboro News ever tascted s'T.mon pudding. That's pretty good. Vardaman has been Invited to r.2k in Greensboro next week. It items that Greensboro must havo er sensations. Senator Jeff Davis of Arkansas was n-arried last week. Here is hoping bis wife will be able to make a man out of him. Oat West the Democratic politi cians are using a big supply of chew ing gum in an effort to influence the suffragettes. If the Democratic politicians are friendly to the public schools in this State they certainly have a poor way of showing it. The Madison Herald thinks almost any change in the Senatorship in the East would be an improvement. And doubtless it would. Dr. Sen, promoter of the Chinese revolution, is lecturing in the United States. Hope he isn't trying to start something over here. There are already three Democrat ic candidates for Congress in the Seventh District and the election is more than a year off. Mr. Bryan wants to put the trust officials in prison stripes. Why doesn't he advocate the same medi cine for ballot-box stuffers. Some of ex-Governor Bob Glenn's former friends are wondering as to his whereabouts. He will probably Bob up again, even if not serenely. "Alfalfa Bill" wants Oklahoma to send him to the United States Sen ate. Just as though Oklahoma hasn't already enough trouble on her hands. The price of sugar continues to soar. Sugar trust is probably trying to make up for what they contributed to the Democratic campaign fund last year. With so many Democrats running for office this early in the game, the chances are that many of them will he wind-broken before the race is over. There are three Democrats In the race for Governor, but as yet neither one has stated just how much money he expects to spend in order to se cure the nomination. The. Democratic politicians have claimed that "protection is robbery," hut it is very noticeable that some of the Democrats have been very willing to receive "stolen goods." The Asheboro Courier says the Senatorial campaign has already reached the mud-slinging stage. As the campaign waxes warmer, they will Probably begin slinging brick. It seems that the American Tobac co Company is ready to re-organize as soon as it can dispose of some 0(icls and ends amounting to one hun dred and fifteen million dollars. The Winston Sentinel says the General Coxey, of soup house fame, is now a prosperous business man. Yes, but he didn't get his prosperity under a Democratic administration. The Asheville Citizen saysLocke Craig is the logical candidate for the r . . . "uvernorship in 1912. Why so? If continually running for office makes a Democrat a logical candidate, then there are a plenty of them who can fce termed the "logical candidafe." por instance, hasn't Major Graham for every office in sight? JUSTICE IIARLAX PASSKS. Was Considered by Many the Great, eat Constitutional Authority of the Day Waa Once Conflcuoua Figure fa Pol tic. t Washington, D. C, Oct. 14. "Good-bye, I am sorry I have kept you all waiting so long." With these words. Associate Justice Harlan, of the Supreme Court of the United States, often claimed to be the great est constitutional authority of the day, once a conspicuous figure In national politics and long a leader in Presbyterian councils, passed away early to-day. He had been ill less than a week. The famous jurist will be burled in the National Cemetery at Arlington or at Rock Creek Cemetery here fol lowing a service next Tuesday at the New York Avenue Presbyterian church, of which he was an active member. The Supreme Court will take formal action on his death Mon day and adjourn immediately as a mark of respect. Justice Harlan's greatest ambition was to serve until next June, when he would have exceeded the service of any other man who sat on the bench. With the death of Justice Harlan the opportunity is given President Taft to select during his single term of office five members of the Su preme Court bench, or a majority. (illlUOXS A DEFAULTER AND DE SERTER. Xavy Department Looking for North Carolina Hoy. Washington, Oct. 13. Formally declared a deserter from the navy, Pay Clerk Charles A. Gibbons, of. the armored cruiser California, in whose accounts the authorities say they discovered a shortage of $2,000, is being sought by the naval authorities on both charges. Gibbons was on leave when the' loss of the ship's funds was discovered and his leave has expired. Rear Admiral Thomas, command ant of the Pacific fleet, notified the Navy Department of the facts and the Department of Justice was requested to apprehend Gibbons, who is bonded for twice the amount of the aleged shortage. Gibbons is a native of North Carolina. WILMINGTON OFFICIALS SCRAP. Their Fight in the "Red Light" Dis trict a Disgrace to New Hanover County. Wilmington, Oct. 14. A. Clash be tween city and county authorities came to-day in the issuance of war rants against Deputy Sheriff Harvey Cox and Tom Croom, charging them with an assault on Police Officery A. D. Newton, in the "red light" district at 3 o'clock this morning, disorderly conduct and obstructing Police Officer E. Ellis in the discharge of his duty. Officer Cox was arrested this morn ing and gave $200 bond for appear ance at trial Monday, Sheriff S. P. Cowan becoming security, but Officer Croom had not been arrested up to to-night. Two very different versions of the affair are given, but whatever may be the facts in the case, Officer Newton was pretty roughly used in the melee and as a result his mouth was so badly swollen that he could not tell the story of the affair and it was re lated by his partner, Ellis. It is claimed that Officer Cox struck Policeman Newton on one side of the mouth and a blow mjthe other side was dealt by Croom. CASEY AND WIFE CONVICTED. Sentenced to Ten Years for the Mur der of Mrs. Casey's First Husband. New Bern, Oct. 14. "We find the defendants, Leona and Burrill Casey, guilty of murder in the second de gree, with a recommendation for mer cy." Such was the finding of the jury at 12 o'clock last night in the now famous Casey trial for murder. Im mediately upon the verdict being ren dered, Mr. .Mclver, for the defend ants, made an appeal which was not granted, the counsel stating his ob jections. The turpitude of the crime warranted the full sentence of 30 years, but the court regarded the youthfuness of Leona Casey, only ma ture physically, still a child in intelli gence, and in the conception of moral ideas, therefore the sentence, was 12 years. At this Mr. Mclver implored the court's mercy that the sentence be cut In two. The court replied that it would reduce the sentence to 10 years at hard labor in the State pen itentiary, which would make the time a little over eight years. The court gave Burrill Casey the same sentence judging "him" an accessory, with a knowledge of the crime, If not a par ticipant It is reported that the four can didates for the United States Senate in the recent Virginia primary spent a total of $42,782.11. , A 018 TRUST DISSOLVED General Electric Company Has Been Declared a Treat And Ordered Dissolved JUSTICE DAIlLAflS SUCCESSOR Attorney-General Wlrkeraham, Sec retary Xagel and Solicitor-Genera! Lehman DLacnaaed as his Succes sor Sketch of Justice Harlan's Notable Career War Situation In Europe- The Revolution in China Democratic Railroad Commis sioners Fall Down Plan of Dis solution of the Tobacco Trust. (Special to The Caucasian.) Washington, D. a. Oct. 17, 1911. Not only the whole country but the national capital itself was shocked at the sudden death of Justice Harlan of the Supreme Court bench. This writer saw Justice Harlan not more than a week before bis death, and was struck with his vig orous appearance, and also with the fact that notwithstanding his ad vanced years, his body was well pre served and his mind not the mind of an old man but of a man in the vigor of manhood. When the Supreme Court convened oh Tuesday morning of last week, Justice Harlan sat with the Court and seemed to be as well as usual, except a bad cold. The . next day, Justice Harlan did not sit on the bench, but, stayed home to nurse his cold and get rid of it. It was known during the day that he was not seri ously sick and that no physician had been called. Indeed, it was not un til that night that his family physi cian was called in because his cold grew worse instead of better. Still there was no alarm, and no one knew that he was in the least danger until Friday, when it was reported that he was not so strong. The news of his sudden death from bronchitis and pneumonia early Saturday morning therefore came with a most sudden shock. Sketch, of Justice Harlan. Justice Harlan was born in 1833 and was therefore- in his seventy eighth year. All of those who last saw him agreed that he looked like he was safe for ten years more of active service on the bench. Justice Harlan was appointed Jus tice of the Supreme Court when he was only forty-four years of age. only two or three justices of the court were ever appointed to this great bench at a younger age. One of that number was Justice Iredell, of North Carolina, in the early days of the Republic. It was generally conceded that Justice Harlan possessed one of the greatest legal minds that has ever graced the Federal bench, next to Chief Justice John Marshall. Jus tice Harlan was named for that dis tinguished Chief Justice, his name being John Marshall Harlan. In this connection, it should be noted that next to Chief Justice Marshall, Jus tice Harlan served longer on the Supreme Court bench than any other Justice of that court in the history of the country. It has been Justice Harlan's ambition to become Chief Justice of the greatest court in the world, and there are many who think that President Taft should have pro moted him to this position when he appointed Justice White a few months ago. Justice Harlan early made a great reputation as a jurist on the bench, and all admit that he was not only a profound lawyer but of the purest patriotic mould. His decisions were always on the side of justice and lib erty. He has written some of the most famous dissenting opinions in the history of the country, chief among which to be remembered were his dissenting opinion on the Income tax case and his dissenting opinions on the Standard Oil and Tobacco Trust cases. The distinguished jurist will be buried to-day, and all the remaining members of the Supreme Court will act as honorary pall-bearers President Taft Will Appoint a Fifth Justice. The death of Justice Harlan gives President Taft an opportunity to ap point a. fifth member of that great tribunal. No other? President, except President Lincoln, ever had the op- portunlty during his term of office to appoint a majority of the mem bers of that court, and. not even Lin coln had that solemn duty and re sponsibility placed upon him during the first two' years of his administra tion. . . The names of Attorney-General Wickersham, Secretary Nagale, and Solicitor-General Leman, are 1 the most prominent names discussed, as probably successors to Justicev Har lan. . Wats Justice lUrtaa had served twenty-five years n the Suprese Conn beach, fee via givta a great dinner by the Washiagtea bar. the distinguished Lawyers aad jurists froza every pan of Use country beiax Invited On that occasion, Preaidtat; Roosevelt paid to Justice Harlan probably the most remarkable trib ute that one man ever paid another. The War Situation in Europe. There Li bat little change la the war situation as between Italy and Turkey from that described in the Washington letter to The Caucasian last week. Italy has landed more troops at Tripoli and there have been several more skirmishes between the Italian soldiers and tlve Arab tribes men back In the hills behind the city of Triroll. That this would oc cur was predicted in our letter of last week. The Revolution in China. The most Important foreign news this week is the growing civil war or rebellion in China. This is a re bellion against the present ruling dynasty. Every school child has seen In his geography and read about the great Chinese wall. This was built by the natives of China proper to pro tect them against other Mongolian races living to the north of China, chief among them being the Manchu Tartars from whom the Province of Manchuria, north of China, was named. This great wall, which is considered one of the wonders of the world, was effective to protect China for over a thousand years. In 1643, however, the Manchu Tartars came down from the north and scaled this wall and conquered the native Chin ese, overthrowing the Ming or native Chinese dynasty and establishing themselves as the rulers of China, which dynasty has since been known as the Manchu dynasty. Our readers will remember that a few years ago, about the year 1890, there was an uprising in China called the Boxer Movement. This uprising started out as a rebellion by the na tive Chinese against the Manchu dy nasty, but the Manchu leaders were smart enough to change the cry to "Dpwn w'ith the Foreigners and Mis sionaries." This cry grew popular and drew together both the Manchus and the Chinese in a common cause. Our readers will also remember how the United States, England, Germany and other countries sent troops and warships to China to stop the upris ing, and how China was forced to pay a heavy indemnity for the damage to property and the loss of life of citizens of our country and Christian countries. This, however, was not the first uprising by the native Chinese against the Manchu dynasty. There have been thirty or forty uprisings of greater or less pretensions since 1643, probably the most serious one' being in the year 1850, at which time the Chinese came near succeed ing and overthrowing the Manchu dynasty. The cry of the native Chinese at the present time is not "Down with the Foreigners and Missionaries," but "Down and out with the Manchus." The native Chinese are proclaiming daily that they have no hostilities against the missionaries and foreign ers, and that their lives and property will be protected. Another Big Trust Dissolved. The national administration some time ago brought a suit against the General Electric Company. The Gov ernment has just won its suit and secured a decree of the District Court .declaring that the General Electric Company is a trust and must be dis solved, under the terms of the de cision of the United States Supreme Court in the Standard Oil case and the Tobacco Trust case. So strong was the Government's proof that the General Electric Com pany has decided not to appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, but to proceed at once to dissolve under the order of the court and under the supervision of the Attorney-General of the United States. The National Convention of State Railroad Commissioners. For many years the railroad com missioners " for the various States have been holding annual sessions in- Washington. These meetings in the past, have, as a rule, been so colorless that they have attracte4 lit tle attention. The effect of the re form movement started by President Roosevelt, however, began to show fruit at the convention of railroad mmissioners which was In session here last week. A committee was appointed to con sider the express companies, their service, rates, etc. The committee, after considering the matter thor oughly, prepared a report stating that the express companies were not necessary in this country, any more than they have been found necessary in England. The report further rec ommended that the express compa- (Coitnnued on . page S.) cotto:: to go uigued Ex-Senator H&rfea Duller, Jest Back From Soatfa, co Declares goueos sc:cld c:id cut? EWtlo of IVtssncrmtlc It ace tie Say U 'CaN for Low IMo Mill Mfo Cut Down Outpat Vu! Tariff Quffetkm la Settled Thoo. aaiads of Farmers Will Change Their Votr Cotton Should To day Brine Fifteen Orota a round Under the Law of Supply and D mand -Tw ice aa Many lropi Vm Cotton To-day aa Wheat the South Made a Nine Million Rale Crop. Washington Post.) The movement on the part of the Southern cotton growers to hold their cotton for higher prices was discussed yesterday by Marion But ler, former Senator from North Car olina, who has Just returoned from his plantation. I think the growers are right," he said, "and I for one ahali hold my cotton for a better price, and 1 1 expect to get It. The crop cannot i possibly be big enough this year to justify the present low price. "The law of supply and demand ought to make prices rise at this time Instead of fall, even if there is a 14,000,000-bale crop, because the demand for cotton all over the world to-day is more than twice what the demand was when the South raised a 9,000,000-bale crop. Use of Cotton Increasing. t "To-day there are twice as many people wearing clothes either made! entirely of cotton or of part cotton mixed with wool as were doing so ten or fifteen years ago. This is true not only in Europe and the Orient, but it is also true even In the United States. "The area ir the world where cot ton can be raised is limited. The bulk of it Is now, and always will be, raised in the South. The terri tory over which cotton can be raised successfully can never be increased, while the demand is Increasing rap idly and will continue to increase. Cotton to-day should be at least 15 cents a pound or more, and it should never be under that figure in the fu ture. Within ten years the price of cotton should be at least 20 cents a pound. In this connection, It should be remembered, that the great in crease of gold production has not only been the chief cause of the rise of prices generally in this country, but also over the whole world, and therefore the conditions outside of the United States to-day are favor able for' foreign spinners to bid higher for raw cotton than ever be fore. "In my opinion, the chief cause for the present low price is the elec tion of a Democratic House, and their effort to close the cotton mill of the United States by tearing down the wall of protection. The cotton mill men have not been running their factories at full time, and have not been buying raw cotton, because no wise man would manufacture now a large quantity of cotton clothing and then have the tariff protection removed, so that this country could be flooded with cheap cotton goods made by cheap foreign labor, where labor can be employed at half the wages paid here, and foreign cotton mill men can buy our cotton, pay tue freight to their mills, and then pay the freight back, and undersell an American milL Question Crop Report. "No one can blame the cJtton mill men. If they did not exercise cau tion they would become bankrupt if j the next Congress should do what ; the Democratic party has threatened ! to do. I'know that there are many Democratic politicians who are trying to divert the attention of thef aimers an d the cotton mill men from the real truth by declaring that the low price of cotton is due to a big crop, over-production, If you please, and that some of them are even charging that the crop is not so big as shown by the Government statistics. "The statistics hare little to do with the present prices of cotton. The cotton exchanges and the cotton men have their own sources of informa tion, upon which they rely more than they do upon the Government statis tics. The Government, in securing its data, must depend upon voluntary reports of farmers and others who should know, but often inaccuracies creep in. The reports made to the cotton organizations aro by trained men, and, as a rule, should be more accurate. j Has- TmMh ta fVwf& 1 ia ct',t to kail t&f mum Jsfty Wcs.w I aataii fait fa t As&vrUaJi eeJ to tial tfcey are alrvaiy trtttut4 at ast the tfesiocratlt Ccxrv at left4 im d st li last eatr ss lea. aftd tiai y Jaasaf? Sat, f a fly ta the striae It wUl clear that Usamda a at 4 Use of tWeaaadt ef fans 4 biiss saen, who voted ta Des&arrmUe tttk I latt fall will tsdltat Oat tay will not do so at the nait eJecUea, The fartstra ire to-4aj Wttr eS than thty aav Wca in a smartar f a eeatery, sad tWfor tay are ta a Wiur jxHttUoa to boU taatr rouea tnia ever bafor. Taere ara, aow ever, a very Urge nnnWr lo are xsor or Was taprovUtat, or wan have speat tastr easily earned soay for the Ust few years, laalead t lay lag aside a bank account, and also thousands who nave been more or Iras unfortonst who will not be a Ma to bold their cotton. us!a some baalaeas plan or method can be la auirursted sad properly Unsaced. Whether or not saca a plan can b worked out jacoful!r at these far mers meetinirs depends Isrgtly upoa the wfadota of those who attend the meetings. It Is aeticesble, however, that every person who favors beldiag cotton Is looking for some plan by which their cotton ran be stored ia warehouses, and by which the farm ra cn then borrow at much meaty a they may be forced to use upon elr wsrehouse receipts. KubTrattury Plan. r "This plan, crudely atated, is noth ing more or less than the syb-treaa-ury plan worked out and advocated by the Farmers Alliance a number of years ago. And if the tub-treasury plin had been adopted and was now in operation. It would not be necessary for farmers to-day to be holding meetings to try to devise ways and means for holdlngjtotton for a better price. "I have seen It stated In certain quarters that the farmers, in holding such meetings, are making them selves liable to prosecution under the Sherman anti-trust law. Ia this con nection, we are reminded of the threat made by the last 'Democratic Congress to investigate the cotton mill men of the South with a view to prosecuting them under the Sher man anti-trust law, because it was reported that there had been a meet of the mill men for the purpose of conferring and agreeing as to the wis dom of not loading up their ware houses with high-priced goods when there was a threatened danger of having the wall of protection re moved. The men who made that threat against the mill men could with equal propriety make the same threat against the farmers for hold ing the meetings that are now adver tised to be held at an early date. "I admit that such farmers or ganizations and meetings may be technically obnoxious to the letter of the law, but every one knows that It was never Intended that the law should prevent such measures on the part of farmers and laborers to rgan ize and properly protect their Inter ests. The fact Is that the Sherman law wss drawn for conditions as they existed in this country thirty-three years ago. Since that time there has been a wonderful evolution la our commercial and industrial life. The Sherman law, while containing the seed and essence of a great anti trust lsw, to-day should be remodel ed so as to strike more effectively against the criminal trusts and mon opolies, and at the same time prevent itbelng used to persecute the farm ers and laborera,of the country and other people who unite' their thought, energies, and capital for honest and, legitimate purposes which would hurt no one, but bless mankind. Need Proper Regulation. "What we need is proper regula tion and control of these corporations by the State: and Federal Govern ments. The first and greatest reform to prevent the abase of corporate power la to prohibit any Individual, firm, or corporation from owning or controlling any natural monopoly which is an instrument or commerce. A natural monopoly in, the hands of any one individual or any. corpora tion La sure to be -abused, and be sides the Individual r corporation having control of such a monpoly is liable to become more powerful than the Government itself. "The solution Is to have every nat ural monopoly takeri" charge of and . used as a public function for the pub lic good. The Constitution of the United States clearly and expressly -makes it the duty of Congress to con trol the Instruments of commerce. Therefore, Congress can at any mo ment by the simple enactment of a statute take charge of al lthe natural monopolies that are instruments of commerce. Indeed, the wording of the Constitution makes this the duty of Congress, , asd it Is a mandatory duty that fcia XcS Ions bea neg lected.". , ; f -i t
