Newspapers / The Charlotte Observer (Charlotte, … / Jan. 9, 1919, edition 1 / Page 1
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1dl 63 "J -fa ; WIGHT i PAGES TODAY AND EVENING CHRONICLE EDITION fllli EVBXI-XO t imOXICLK Establl8 bed, 1003? ' tod. 19 CHARLOTTE, N. Cv THURSP: EyENING, JANUARY; 9, (1919.; ?SI SJSrSSSie 5 SSd! f ERICE FIVE CENTS ADY ROOSEVELT'S CAREER MOST EVENTFUL ONE OF GREAT AMERICANS miMRY: NG USED 5 k J -d . l l AaRt, a l EK CH A RL U i i fe': S ; H O ME NEW SPA PER PRES. RE -.' . - """"""""""" ' : . . . - : r ., ART ... i FOR ACT - . . md r ' j I . . i Ft S, Tl lER DELAY IN OPENINXj 1 PEACE CONFERENCE President is in Paris and is ready to take Up the More Urgent Incidental Arrangements for Peace Convent tion, but Lloyd George is Detained and Orlando is Also Engaged. ' Pari?, June S. (By the Associated Press.) President Wilson's confer ences with the premiers of Great Brit ain. France and Italy, which were to cpen today, have been delayed and probably will not begin before early next week. Mr. Lloyd George is detained in Lcndon by work incident "to the recon struction of his cabiaet. Premier Or lando of Italy, who is due here today, probably will return to Rome, where his presence for 48 hours is necessary because of matters under considera tion by the Italian parliament. ' There will, however, be 'a meeting today at the office of Stephen Pichon, foreign minister. It will be attended ty Mr. Wilson, Premier Orlando and Japanese representatives, but it will be informal because of the absence cf Mr. Lloyd Geprge, although British representatives probably will be pres ent. It was considered best to hold the meeting and. clear up some prelimin ary roints and it is believed import ant details of procedure . will be set tled. If this is done, the delegates will be in a position, when Mr. Lloyd George arrives, to rapidly complete the preliminary work and clear up natters for the opening conferences on Monday and Tuesday. Impotance is attached to the meeting of the French cabinet today for it is probable President Poincare will definitely nom inate the French delegates to the peace congress. ' . Referring to the conferences as be ing between the chiefs of the entente governments the best informed French sources say it is nothing more cr less than a meeting perhaps a last cf the .higher allied war com mittee. The v procedure that will be adopted will Tbethesimpl'55?fcipos8ible, having the-advantage of avoiding la borious pourparlers and exchanges of notes between chancellories: It ia pointed out that the : committee in question will be composed of the pre miers and foreign ministers of the allies, Mr. ""Wilson figuring as Ameri can premier." v It is t;ot expected there will be a long debate at the conferences, this morning's newspapers , saying the French government communicated to entente powers some days ago a com plete plan of work, amounting .to a tuggestion of a coordinated program. As regards questicus concerning enemy countries, it is understood those concerning Gemany will be taken up first, then these of Austria Kvugarv and finally those relative to Bulgaria and Turkey. These details probably will not be decided upon un til the league of nations part of the program has been exhausted, how ever. It is net expected the ministers' con ference will deal witn more than the 'nost general priciples cf the peace ff.-ttlement. In fact it now ssems doubt lul if more than a broad, general agreement, will be reached before President Wilson returns to America RAILROAD PLAN GIVEN OFFICIALS Mr. Cuyler Submits Proposition by Which Railroads Would be Returned to Private Ownership Under Strict Government Regulation and Surveillance. Washington, Jan. 9. A comprehen sive program for private ownership end management of raiiroads under Etfict government regulation was laid before the senate - interstate com- ciL-y committee today Dy 1. ueuu (-y!er, chairman of the Association cf fta" ay Executives, - representing Practically all leading roads in the L'mted States. The plan includes provision for merging systems, a large measure of unification of operation, peeling of facilities and in certain cases cf earnings, and enforcement of arJequate service under supervision of a secretary of transportation, a new cabinet officer, with the interstate commerce commission acting as a su pine court of review of rate dis putes. vvage and employment disputes "men could not be settled between employes and managements would be reierred to an adjustment board with- - ueranmpTit nf transDonauoii i;nder tho iu'uiuaen penamg mve&ws- u.ost operating reforms effected uiuea, but the executives object to Di p - General McAdoo's proposal for .0 "U1- Aeir suggestions are similar Etat recomhiendations of the inter- - wiumerce commission, preseni- s earher this week. uviirt 1 rr. 1'iuri inn 1 ri. n.L 1.1. -m a sua in February. Out of the coming confer ences it is expected a more or less tentative program will be adopted, vh;ch divides the work of the peace ccnivors into succ-':rsive steps The actual making of t?o? with the cen tral powers may be the last of these steps. - The procedure now being discussed is, roughly, as follows: , First, a general agreement between the United States and the entente belligerents for the creation of a league of nations, or similar machin ery, to enforce the terms of peace and preserve it. '.'". Second, the setting up of new inde pendent states growing out of the war. Third, the assessment of damages and indemnities and the manner of their payment. Fourth, the conclusion of peace treaties with the central powers. The peace treaties may be left to the last because none of 'the agree ments can bind the central powers unless, in the meantime, -they have established governments which satis fy the peace congress as to their sta bility and purpoe of carrying out the treaties made. ... At this point ' arises . the question of how long the peace congress will wait for the central powers to arrange their governments. It is pointed out by some of those working on the problem that neither Germany nor Austria can complete their governmental machin ery until it. is determined what "the two peoples desire in this matter. , It is, ; of course, dependent - largely on the peace congress; but it -is not-expected the congress will wait indefi nitely for. the. central empires to pre pare themselves for an agreement., There always is the possiDiHty- thai if no -responsible- government -appears to -give ' asi-Vance ' that -obligation,"' un dertaken will be . carried out the na tions represented at the congress could ' give ' notice that it would - be come necessary, at- certain points, to asist in the formation of orderly gov ernments and at the same time begin to collect revenues to apply on . the bill of damages. Such action, if taken at all, would be enly a last resort, but, if taken; the question would arise as to how far the United States would participate. No official outline has been made to show what the United States would agree to do in carrying out such -an under taking, if it should become necessary, but some of those best informed as to the lines along which Mr. Wilson and the peace commissioners , are working believe it is the purpose of the United States to go no further into the readjustment of European af fairs tha nto secure general adherence to the principles already laid down by President Wilson, and then expect, of course, the details to square with the principles. -The execution of these de tails, some diplomats believe, may ex tend into a work of years, developing into a process of "constant improve ment and adjustment." Mr. Cuyler declared whatever plan or policy should be adopted, provision should be made for adequate service for the country's needs, for necessary construction with prevention of Waste by Injudicious road building, for con solidations when dictated by public in terest, and "for , a rate structure which will provide sufficient revenues and create sufficient credit to accom plish these purposes." ' "To this end," said Mr. Cuyler, "private ownership, management and operation of the American railways should; as a matter of national policy, be continued. , " ? , "The power of regulation of the in strumentalities of" interstate - com merce, as to all things substantially affecting them,, including all rates, state and interstate, should be exclu sively in the hands of the national rovernment. State commissions should not be interfered with by the federal act except so far as necessary to carry but the purposes herein mentioned. "The interstate commerce commis sion should act as a- quasi judicial body clothed with authority to pass upon all questions' concerning the rea sonableness and adequacy of urates and concerning discriminations. "No new or branch lines of rail road or large and expensive terminals should be constructed unless a certifi cate of public convenience and neces Ritv is first obtained from the secre tary of transportation. The executive ' (Continued on page -13.1- v I ' v, 1 TWL"'1-li'int'ltl.UUWJftwn'ikm I l I l l l'""1 111 'in 11 111 II ill -i" in ninwunmuijyML' 1 K BMh l IJ . j'' The late Theodore Roosevelt in -his roughriding days, as a big. game hunter in' Africa, and the. most re- cent photo of him. N.ew. York, .' Jjjtn. ' 9. Probably .noth ing concerning ?the. death af ex-President Theodore tf" Roosevelt surprised the world more than, the .fact that he passed on while peacefully-sleeping.' . The .wholy .4Ife history , of : "Teddy" was a . story ' of fighting -overcoming odds with a will power that : was inr domitablei His late years especially were a series of battles to keep his health..,. Operations on-t-his jears and his throat, drastic measures r tp drive out the sciatica ; rhautnatism which finally, brought the end. : failed to halt most eventful , career, of any man .who has ever figured' in the nation's, his-' tory.l t ; '' : ". .- Here, are the high spots in hi3 life history. . They, tell graphically Of the wide range of his activities." - . He was born. in New York city Oc tober 27, 15S. .,'; s " In his early . boyhood - he was:, sickly was forced to seek the country air to relieve his suffering from asthma. " Made trips to Europe with his par ents when he was ten; and fourteen. . Studied under, tutors until he enters ed Harvard at eighteen. . Graduated in 1880.- ; : ;c Entered - politics as at member V of twenty-first district republican associa tion in New York city. , Spent three years, in assembly, and then refused , renomination and, : de cided to become a '.western ranchman. Mother' and ' first.';.wif e . died within a few hours of each' other in Feb ruary, 1884. - "..."". "', '. . ; .; - '' Became deputy sheriff; in . Dakota. - -Lost race for mayor of New York in 1886. .; " (. - . , ; N '- . " Became' civil' service commissioner in 1889. Served six years under, :Presr idents Harrison and Cleveland. Help-, ed obtain beneficial civil service laws. BE Camp- Greene will be but a memory in Charlotte by the first ' early ap proach of spring,- and the . great mil itary training field will be - deserted, tents -and buildings removed, and all property sold "or disposed of ' by the government. ; ' ' ; An official order ;f rom. Washington, dated January . 6, was Teceived .Wed nesday by Colonel Macomb, command ing officer , at Camp Greene, instruct ing him to proceed with the task of winding up the, affairs of the camp here, and to "; direct the immedia te work of, preparation for abandoning the camp. "' Only the. base hospital will remain in operation, according to' Colonel Macomb; the general order closing the camp not applying to the- hospital at this vtime. - - - ' " -; -' "The order means," said . Colonel Macomb today, "that the camp, except the base hospital, will ' " be closed; property disposed of and the work of the camp generally brought to ari, end. It will require probably six ; weeks," added Colonel Macomb, "to complete this work." ' . ; ; r : ' . ' ' ' ; - Troops now in camp will either be demobilized here or they will be trans ferred to other camps fordemobiliza tion. .. "" -' " The order received by Colonel Ma comb is believed to have been : dis patched by the war department to the remaining camps and cantonments in the United States also, all of , the camps that were established ins the summer of 1917, after America's en try into the , war, the number of camps and cantonments that were organized at that, time numbering 32, located all over the United States from Alassa- CAMP GREENE BY WAR BEPT h- viik TiC ' Became' polish'..'-, commissroner. cf New. York in ZZbZi'S .7. VT" by j President . McKinley; in .1897 " , " . Became lieutenant' ' colonel of "the Rough - Riders .-when war with Sjpain -came in 1898.; ' --S-,-zS-- Led r charges up ; Kettle and San Juan Hill. :-: I , Returned to U; .S... and was nomina ted for and Selected governor of New York. - '.;;. -. , v ... .. - ,." - WTas . 'elected, vice-president - when McKinley '.was made . president.- .'.... Became president . when McKinley. died from an assassin's, bullet in Sep tember, 1901. : .', -. -,. :. . As president for . seven - and; a half years he reduced the interest bearing debt . of the country, rooted out cor ruption in ; government departments, dismissed and prosecuted men . who were involved in land frauds and post office corruption. . , -; Got. Russia and .Japan to agree, on peace terms after they .had .been -at war. ;;' '.. . ' '.. '. .. Appointed a. commission tor settle a dispute with - England ' over the ', Alas kan boundary. This commission, com posed, of three Americans and - three Englishmen,- decided in favor, of Amer ica's claims. . . ; ; ",' ' ' ;. Prevented Germany .from. 'occupying part of Venezuela .to collect debts ; to chusetts, to Texas and from Carolina to California.1 In the distribution of camps the southern states were favor ably considered arid a large proportion of the camps were Ordered established on sites in the South Atlantic and Gulf ; states. North Carolina's first camp was' Camp Greene, . which was presented to Charlotte by the" war de partment, in the mid-summerof; 1917. Fayetteville later secured, acamp, and a smaller, camp went to ". the city ' of Raleigh.-; . ?. ;',. -..'--,.' South 'Carolina was, very fortunate in -securing ' early in the summer camps as . follows : Sevier at Green ville, where' many North Carolina guardsmen were'N mobilized Jackson at Columbia, , -where thousands, . of North ( Carolina drafted men were mobilized and.traihed, and Wadsworth at Spartanburg, '"where. New York; na tional guardsmen "we're first -sent. Ala bama, Georgia, ; Florida, Texas and other southern states also got large camp's and cantonments during the early part of the .summer. - - , The first-troops located at Camp Greene .were the men.-of tthe "41st . di vision of national guardsmen from far western states. These men arrived in October," and went across before the end of , 1917, and were followed by men of the third and fourth divisions of the regular army from : Syracuse, N. Y., and from - Gettysburg, Penn. These troops were at. Camp Greene during the. hard winter one year ago, and were t sent across early ' , in the spring to take part in.the fighting in France." The local camp was utilized as an aviation camp for ground train ing for a few weeks, and in turn was - (Continued on Pase ThjrtPAn.;!;. WILL ORDER German, "subjects-; Simply . announced he ; would - order 'Admiral tJewey and .iUseefc4oynemiera it'the-move a'S attempted.- - .. , " ' Sekied -Cuban' disturbance without .bloodshed. .. ' v". - ;. - I ' When vColombian troops ; : s ailed to take . the repyblic ' of Panama Roose- .velt sent the .U. S. fleet there ahead f. the Colombians . and they sailed home again. - ' " . . Obtained possession for the ,U. o. Of Panama canal.. . . , . Organized the jAnanias club. Throughas president, he led a scien tific expedition to Africa. - Toured Europe, and was honored by every nation. - ' ' . '- ' Quit ... republican ' party to - lead pro gressives or "bull moosers" in 1912. Wounded by fanatic in Milwaukee during' Campaign. ' - - ' ' Explored. Brazil in 1913, discovering the River of Doubt. - Declined presidential nomination of progressives in' 1916 after republican national convention defeated an at tempt, made to nominate him. Support ed Charles JS:- Hughes. r - ", . ' ;. ' Was, foremost exponent of . national preparedness long befbre war.threat cned. - . - ,' ". : Offered to raise and equip a division of troops for the Rlexican squabble and later ' for the world war. '. Workers Numbernig .15,000 Tying Up Boat Traffic in -: New York -Because of ' Wage Controversy. " ' Washington, Jan. 9. War and navy departments, railroad administration and shipping ; board officials after dis cussing today for two' hours the New York harbor strike situation,' decided to postpone any action pending further reports from their representatives in New York, expected later In the day. : Staten: Island had its last passenger ferry and also; its last latch of mail early , this morning. Forty - thousand persons' -who labor , in Manhattan' were left stranded on the island. In the isolated borough also live several" hundred 4 army and navy offi cers who were brought to their offices in Manhattan on navy tugs and launch es. " They will be housed here, it was stated, until normal' transportation is resumed. ' ".'".'' .. "' Shipbuilders, bound for the emer gency fleet plants ' on Staten ; Island, were unable to 'report for work. More than 10,000 of these men were forced to turn back home from Battery Park when . the . , government-chartered steamers whichj ply to. ana from the shipyards -. were deserted by . their crews. . ; - - -.--; ;: ) The union leaders declared they would 'tie up the city, and fire and police boats, but municipal - officials professed - to feel n uneasiness ; in this regard. The crews,, they said, were uniformed ' men nnde- city pay and. regulations and not, . subject to union orders.- ; , : : "". MARINE OPENED : BY J BAG SEVERE FIGHTING IN NUN CAPITAL Artillery Brought Into Play Yesterday in the : Streets and Sanguinary Fighting Resulted Ebert-Scheide-mann Government Has Been Overthrown by "the ; Spartacans. - , ; yr-.';;.:;;;;';.:.; ;--V'v Amsterdam, Jan. 9. Se vere fighting in which artil lery: was employed, took place in Berlin yesterday near the central telegraph office. The Spartacans re newed their attempts to seize the chancellor's pal ace, it is . declared in Berlin dispatches to the Hendels blad, but were driven back with-the loss of thirty killed and 45 wounded. GOVERNMENT OVERTHROWN. Paris,' Jan. 9. The ' Ebert-Scheide-mann government in Germany has been overturned, the extremists hav ing gained the upper hand in Berlin after sanguinary fighting, according to the latest German advices received here. ' ' . . - . ': ; : -, A new-revolutionary government has been proclaimed, composed of in dependent socialists. ' . " A part of the government troops is reported to have gone over to the rebels and the Spartacans now hold the principal points 'in Berlin. Civil war is spreading to other parts of Germany, the advices indi cate, - and parts of the Rhenish prov inces. avW,Bavaria now are reported to be invipd. V ' ' "'-'." .-' ; Gust" ; Noskei the commander-in- chief Qi the,. German government troops, .will send new forces against the" capital in an attempt, to regain I control '-fit 'if;it isj-eported, A des; tiVe elements is,"expe.cted. l;v ''.-s " r The ; casualties in' the; Berlin '' figh ing are reported to have been-heavy. The independent socialists said to be at, the head of the new government are -Georg, Ledebour, Herr Liebmann and Herr Tiek. ; r . Drv Karl Liebknecht,s the leader of the Spartacans, is continuing his ac tivities (presumably ,in an effort, to install a government of his own choos inf.) -.. ; THE FRENCH DELEGATES. Paris, Jan. 9. The French delegates to the peace congress, it is understood, will be the following : Georges Clem enceau, the premier; Stephen Pichon, foreign minister; Lous Lucien "Klotz, finance minister; Henry Simon, minis ter of colonies; Andre Tardieu, French high commissioner to the United States. - ' : The technical representatives will include Marshal Foch, for military matters, and Leon Bourgeois, for the subject of the society of nations. Official , announcement . of the com position of the delegation is expected shortly. NEGOTIATIONS ON. London, Wednesday; Jan. 8. Nego tiations between the government and BRITISH ENVOY IS READY FOREE AGUE Sir Robert Cecil Contends That the Organization of League of Nations Right Away is Indispensably One of First Duties of Peace Conference. Paris, Wednesday, Jan. 8. (By The Associated Press). Robert Cecil, who has arrived here with the first section of the British peace delegation, ex pressed the opinion to The Associated Press that the definite organization of a league of nations is indispensable as a first step toward the conclusion of that enduring peace and a satisfactory settlement of international problems which have arisen out of the war. Lord Robert made it clear that his statements were personal, views and not an attempt .to. give the views of the British government. , "In my opinion a league of nations is necessary as the initial step in the peace negotiations," said Lord Robert. "It is not only necessary . to insure peace but also for the proper treat ment of many international questions which must be considered by the peace congress. Joint international action in an organized and recognized form is necessary; in order to relieve millions of people who are at this moment des titute of food and other necessities of life owing to the unsettled condi tion of. the world; to regulate ; per manently many vital , common inter ests such . as international railways, posts, waterways, telegraph and wire less, the. use of the air; public health and the protection of women and juve niles in industry; , and . to discharge adequately and justly the responsi bilities of " the great civilized nations in. such a great matter as the protec tion and - guidance of backward peo- TIONS the revolting elements in Berlin were , in progress. all day yesterday, accord . ing to Copenhagen and . Amsterdam dispatches received , here ' tonight, but ; no definite result was apparent. None of the leaders, it appeared, had any real control over the masses in the Berlin streets, and spasmodic fighting; took place in various parts of the city. The rumor that , Field Marshal von Hindenburg had come or was com ing to Berlin was followed by a re port that General Ludend'orff was on' his way back to Germany from Swe den, where he took refuge recently. - The Spartacus group the dispatches show, has proclaimed a general strike for January 19. The Sparta cans declare they will" prevent .the elections to the national assembly by all possible means. It is ! asserted their seizure of the central railway offices In Berlin after the government troops m charge had surrendered has placed the entire railway system of" Germany , in their hands. ' The im- perial printingoflice in Berlin like wise is reported , to be in their pos session. . .:'"'- The Potsdam ' division with an equipment of machine guns is report ed moving on Berlin. ' ,. Outside the capital, the . . messages state, . the bolshevik movement is weak, .the bulk of the people disap proving of it.- ; , " STREET FIGHTING INDULGED. Amsterdam. Jan. 9. Street fighting In Berlin attained tho greatest inten sity between J.1 o'clock-Tuesday night and five o'clock Wednesday morning, according to a Berlin "telegram to the Frankfort Nachrichten. Heavy artil lery firing ; continued uninterruptedly. 'still master ' of; the situation. ; ; tiarge bodies of troops -particularly artillery, it is added, continue to be sent to Berlin. Premier Ebertf is re ported to have told a friend that he had ; no doubt about the issue of the fighting. ' ' v ,- " . . ; :; TROOPS ARE LOYAL. Basil, Jan. 9. Troops loyal to the Ebert government have arrived in Ber- lin from Potsdam and driven the Spartacefis as far as the Tiergarten and re-occupied the printing works, ac cording to, the Frankfort Zeltung. The governments the newspaper adds, ' has decided to take energetic measures and has assembled a large number of troops Premier Ebert has issued , a mmifesto; to. the "Workers, , - (Cntinued on page 13.) !$U O'e J'-V JbJl Mb jJJV jr,jr THE WEATHER Forecast for North Carolina. Fair tonight ; and , Friday ; colder. Fresh west and northwest w winds, probably strong on the X coast. ; .'r..1'. j,.". jf?. jt,r, C Wfi- -acw -rw 't -."VV -."-'v"- 1S")i" wvv- ifw pies. It is the sum of all these recog-' nized joint activities, Interests and re- , sponsibilities that we call by the name of 'League of Nations.' "It is our business to give this lea gue definite form here and now." Lord Robert made it clear in talk he has little sympathy with the view : ( that the peace congress may gradually drift into a prolonged session which will ultimately become a league of nations without being definitely and positively organized." . .'I agree that this congress must re-; gard itself as the first regular meeting of the nations forming the league," he said,."but.I think it w,ould be a dan-: gerous. policy to let the peace con- gress " drift along aiinlesssly- without ; reaching a' positive organization . of a league. of nations? Leaving things open ' is hazardous and, gets one nowhere. "This impresses me as being a time ; for ,the creation of 'a body which will ; be effectively organized and not al- ; lowed to drop into- inaction. We are ' moreover; anxious not to commit the : democratic peoples to responsibilities they are not prepared, deliberately and , consciously, to accept. It is therefore, ' important to avoid vagueness and to define our policy clearly and openly." Asked how far armaments can be limited by a league of nations, Lord Rpbert replied : - . ' "That, in my . opinion,- probably ' Is , the 'most-difficnlt, problem the peace j congress . will face.. Before .national (Cntinued ? on Dage" 13.) A K
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Jan. 9, 1919, edition 1
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