THE CHARLOT TE NEWS MARCH 27, 1 B08
ritr mi ri r rte ASftAtn i
iilU vji.hULJ I IJ. Hi-BUj
PubllsftuU cvory afternoon except
SEWS l'I !H.ISHIG COMl'.VA
W. C l'OVVU,
Fresitlent and General Manager.
. -
Editor
City Editor.
j. C. PATTON ,
HOWARD A. BANKS...
A. W. BURGH Adv. Manager.
C. SHiSUUILX.. .Circulation Manager.
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FRIDAY, MARCH 27, 1908.
DR. CAMPBELL ON CHILD LABOR.
The child labor literature of our
eminfry has been enriched by a paper
read by Rev. Ii 11. V. Campbell, pastor
oi the Fii;sf Presbyterian church of
Ashevilie. before the Pen and Plate
Club ef the mountain capital. Ir.
Campbell entitles his brochure:
"Harmful Child Labor in United
States." He brings to the discussion
of Ills subject a fine judgment, a valu
able persnal study of conditions and
a wide reading of authorities.
It. Campbell begins by declaring
thai it is a remarkable fact that Iho
two most serious social problems in
America, today, the negro problem
and the child labor problem, are "by
I'lodiicis of the mechanical industrial
ism which has produced our material
prosperity." Four mechanical devices,
with the introduction of steam power,
wrought a Titanic revolution in the
industrial world: yet also set in mo
tion groat, social revolutions. These
inventions were:
"Ark Wright's machine for spinning
cot tun yarn, patented in ITU!'. Comp
ters spinning mute, in 1TT."". Cart
wright's power loom, in 17S7, and Eli
Whitney's cotton gin. in 17TKJ. The in
troduction of thesv machines gave a
sudden and tremendous impulse to the
manufacture of cotton goods, and to
the culture of the cotton plant; tin
'impulse whose power may be meas
ured by the difference between the
two statements, that ten years before
Whitney's invention the south's cotton
crop, so far as reported, amouure:! to
I." " pounds, and that in l!M! the
sou ..' cotton crop amounted to
;.."ii!;.'.'-u.t'Mti( pounds, an increase of
over r. lO.ofM'i.OOO per cent in 120 years.
"The demand thus created for labor
in the fields stimulated African slav
ery and brought forth the negro prob
lem. The corresponding demand for
labor in the factories brought forth
child slavery, with its momentous cor
related problems."
The number of bread-earning chil
dren tinder l." years reported in the
3000 census was 1 ,7.""0.i 7s. of these
3,'M,l,!,1i were on farms, which
IS'
healthful labor, leaving 0-,207
chil-
dren employed in trt.de and transpor- to read yf)Ur e(litorial last night ro
tation, in manufacturing and mochani- nosinsr the plan to abolish tho East
cat pursuits, in domestic and personal
service." Of the last numbered prob
ably children arc from 3 0 to
l-'i years of age.
Dr. Campbell devoirs a good deal of
space to the awful tax upon the vitali
ty of children in the glass-blowing
and coal milling industries. Of the
boys who pick slate out of the coal
running through the chutes in the coal
breakers, Air. Francis 11. Nichols says:
"The tissues of the boys' bmm gath
er the black specks until the whole
lung is discolored, and I have seen
boys who have been away from the
breakers and min -s for e ight and even
ten years, cough up th'-se particles
whenever they w.- e attacked bv a
.slight cold."
Coming to the s I hern cotton mills,
the wiiler of the, pamphlet takes the
estimate of the child labor committee
that there are (10,000 children, from
C to 3 4 years old in cotton mills,
which number will be doubled in Jive
yeais. The proub'm in the south is
discussed dispassionately and conserv
atively. To otiote:
"Put after all, is work in the cot Ion
mill seriously harml'ui to small chil
dren?" "Having a friend who owns a. cotton
mill, I wrote to him a few weeks ago
to give me his views on this subject.
He is intelligent; he is humane; he is
more than humane he is both benevo
lent and beneficent. He h;3rs expended
a good deal of money in efforts to
improve the conditions of (lie mill peo
ple as regards body, mind and soul.
In answer to a Question concerning
night work, he writes: 'I do not
hesitate to say that women and chil
dren ought not to be employed in
any capacity for night work, and I
have fully decided not to do any more
of it. If we have to work at night, we
Will take young men and boys over six
teen years of age. But I must say that
I do not think it is the proper thing
to work even men at night, as I think
night work tends to demoralize them,
and I don't believe any man who sits
up all night, or even the greater por
tion of the night, feels as. well as one
who sleeps at night and works in the
day. We have been running a little
at night to even up in some of our
departments where we were short, but
1 voluntarily closed it down, and in
doing so T am giving up $500 to $1,000
l;or month. I think the greatest evil
f night is net one of health, but of
--As to (?-,e education question, says
lie, "I believe every child ought to be
eoniMflie 1 ts go to school for at least
,o liia'.iy mrnths in the year. I don't
lioisiiate U say that I think children
arc better off at work than spending
' I heir time in idleness on the streets,
I unless they are at school.' '
I "in answer to a question as to the
! physical effect, he writes: 'I have seen
'. a .urreat many children work in the
mills from ten to twelve years of age,
i but I have never seen any bad results,
as the work is not of such a nature
as to hurt the child. This applies es -
peciaiiy to the boys, who spend at least
nalt the time out oi doors piaymg
ball. The work of the girls who do the
spinning is very light. Of course, I
I'admit it is best if they could go to
school until they are at least fourteen
to sixteen years of age; but there are
a great, many cases where the parents
are not able to support their families
without the children's work, and in this
case I think there ought to be excep
tions to allow the children to work as
low as twelve years of age.'
"This is a suggestive letter, which
give the point of view of the better
class of mill men. If all were of this
stripe, there would be little need of
child labor reform. 'The law is not
made for a righteous man, but for the
lawless and disobedient; for man
slayers and men-stealers.' (I Tim.
1 :9-10.) It is only when commercial
ism steals and slays the children of the
nation, that legislation, punitive and
restrictive, is demanded.
"On the whole, my friend's letter
furnishes an excellent platform on
which I believe most child labor re
formers would be willing to stand.
' I think, however, the reformer
would take exception to his statement
in regard to the results of working
young children in the mills. It is true
that if the small boys spend at least
half the time out of doors playing ball,
they are not likely to be seriously in
jured by spending the other half in
the mill.
"But, however it may be in my good
friend's mill, is it the ordinary custom
of the mills to grant the boys this
liberty? And however light the work,
is it a good thing for girls, especially
in the critical period of their physical
development, to stand on their feet all
day long, to breathe a close atmo
sphere laden with lint, to have the un
ceasing whirr and din of machinery in
their ears, and the monotonous lines of
yarn before their eyes from morn till
eve. and thus to spend 'the long year
linked with heavy day on day?' "
Showing that England was deaf to
the warnings of sneh men as Ruskin,
Lord Ashley, Lord Macaulay and
others, the writer pointed to the fact
that England found from 40 to 60 per,
cent of her recruits unfit for service in
the Poer war, and the royal commis
sion. investigating the cause, said child
labor had done much to produce the
degeneracy. A word to wise nations
ought to be sufficient.
Mr. F. C. Abbott Takes
Issue With The News
r,i .1 r .1 : . . . rrl x- .
; iu iiif jjiuiui ut 1 lie iews;
T frr rrn nao rorif mnoVi o ctnn ichn.l
avenue grade crossing.
For a paper which has stood soi
steadily for the best interests and
development of Greater Charlotte to
oppose this very much needed im
provement, one which will benefit, a
very large part of the city, is beyond
comprehension.
Just at this time when every pro
gressive city in the country is doing
its best to abolish grade crossings
and thereby protect the lives and
add to the convenience of the citi
zens, Charlotte, one of the most pro
gressive cities in other lines, has
made a record for herself in this par
ticular which is the wonder if not
the admiration of all who behold.
For instance, in building the new
car line to North Charlotte an over
head crossing was abolished and a
most dangerous grade crossing estab
lished, and within a few weeks time
a shocking accident at that very point
emphasized the great mistake made.
Also on Mint street extension, near
the Pipe & Foundry plant, another
, , , .
overhead crossing Iras been changed 1
and a grade crossing established ju.t. j
at the foot of a heavy grade on the!
main line of the Southern Railway.:
and several narrow escapes have al
ready been recorded from the swift
running expresses coming into the
city.
And now, when there is a strong
possibility of the removal of a grave
danger to every man, woman and
f'V m cnift tta I
The only food in which celery
forms an important part is
WHEAT FLAKE CELERY
mm
r .
j It acts admirably upon the ner-
vous system. Palatable, nutri
tious, easy of digestion and ready
to eat. ,a
10 cents a package.
For sale by all Grocers
child who has occasion to travel t ?:
East avenue, and a large part of the
population it is, a most incomprehen
sible opposition is developed.
I believe, after ten years experi
ence in real estate business in Char
lotte, that the valuation of every prop
erty on East avenue is seriously af
fected by this grade crossing, and I
know it to be a fact that certain
citizens have sold their holdings ou
East avenue and removed to other
sections of the city because of this
one condition.
Is Charlotte content to remain a
generation behind the rest of the
I country in this one matter, or is
she to hold her reputation as tue
most up-to-date city in these parts
by making use of every possible op
portunity to remedy such civic de
fects, which are a danger to her
citizens and a hinderance to her bu
siness. One of your correspondents in op
posing this matter refers to the pro
posed viaduct as "the great bridge
mounting up above the tops of most
of the stores on East avenue."
Why don't he say "mounting up
over the moon, it would be almost
as much in line with the facts.
Atlanta, our wide awake neighbor
to the south, has just completed a
viaduct to relieve grade crossings and
certainly considers it a blessing 1o
the city and not a curse.
Springfield, Mass., and Hartford,
Conn., two of the most beautiful
cities in New England have removed
just such crossings as this by ele
vating the railroad tracks, supported
by handsome stone bridges, (sub
ways if you please) and the rail
roads proceed with uninterrupted bu
smess overneaa. ana me city wun
safety and uninterrupted business on
: the streets below, and I will bo will
ing to guarantee that every piece of
business property along the street has
been enhanced in value because of
the great improvement made.
If certain property owners on East
avenue will stop drawing on their
immaginations and study the facts,
they will realize that they are op
posing their own interests, as well
as those of the city by opposing this
much-needed improvement.
F. C. ABBOTT.
The Let Up on the Viaduct.
Editor News:
We need better streets and sidewalks
more than a viaducts at this time. No
tice Eighth street from Church to
Tryon streets and Sixt street from
Poplar to Church streets in wet weath
er. They are as bad as the worst
country roads, that are not macadamiz
ed. People are all taxed the same rate.
Some enjoy good strets and all the
comforts, while others, less favored,
have to submit to anything they can
get. "Vance stret from Tryon to the
railroad in wet weather, you'll find the
sdewalk so muddy that you have to
take the middle of the road. Give us
better strets and sidewalks and let
up on the viaduct for a while- The
$'60,000 for its construction would help
wonderfully in the beterment of our
streets.
property "-Owner.
Near East Avenue.
For 18.2 Billiard Title
New York, March 27. Lovers of
billiards are much interested in the
match between George Sutton and
. .Willie Hoppe for the 18.2 balkline
" .11 1 I I U 4- - Iron
Dlliiara cnampioiisinp, wmiai iuw;o
place in the concert hall of Madison
Square Garden tonight.
Sutton is the holder of the title,
having won it several years ago from
George F. Slosson and successfully
,
Hoppe and Moringstar.
PV
Pacific Coast Billposters.
Ran Trranciscn C.al . March 27. The
Pacific Coast Billposters and Dis
tributors' Association convened in
annual session in this city today with
representatives present from Oregon,
Washington, California, Nevada, Ida
ho and Montana. President George
W. Kleiser, of Portland, presided.
JUDGE ITS MERITS,
FOR YOURSELF.
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past 54 years' experience that it positively cures
ailments of the Stomach, Liver, Kidneys or Bow
els, and you will be con vinced also. This great
home remedy,
Hostetter's
Stomach Bitters
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that it sneaks for itself. That's why. we urge you
so strongly to try it without delay. It will strength
en and tone the entire system, aid digestion, and
thus cure.
Heartburn, Cramps, Biliousness, Poor Appe
tite, Dyspepsia, Indigestion, Costiveness,
Headache, Insomnia, Female Ills, Colds
and Grip.
Try a bottle today. We guarantee it absolutely pure.
I "WOOD'
o
6
O R1C
O OOOO
5
ters
lESXSBSEiEE
Spring rules. Our Big Establishment is full of it. The brightness, fresh
ness and beauty of the new season are reflected everywhere. At no ' other
time of the year do the immense stocks of this Great Establishment show
forth to better advantage than right now, when all nature is bursting forth
into new life and putting on her new garb. Sumptuous spread of Money
Savers in all departments.
NEW COAT SUITS
New Separate Skirts.
7.50 value, at
$10.00 value, at
Shirt Waist Season.
Beautiful White Tailored Waists, splendid quality India Linon, would cost
$1.50 each to buy material and have them made. Our price $1.00
SHOES! SHOES! '
"New Line Ladies' Oxford Ties.
In all the .latest styles. If 'your feet are tender or hard to fit give us
a trial. New goods arriving daily in all departments. Keep in touch with
1 fcw
WHOLESALE
THE
ur Grea
A conservative estimate is, that more than Twice as
many people visited the Store during this Opening as in
any former Opening.
We thank every one who came for helping make it
the Great Success it was.
Miss Dawson's Hats Made a Greater
Hit Than Ever.
Every one loud in their praise of the Beautiful and Stylish
Hats she had to show.
The Milliner; Opening
ontinues
You have a most cordial welcome to come back to look,
try on and compare the Hats any day and
any time convenient to you.
New Pattern Hats WHS Be
Turned Out of Our Work
rooms Every Day
and the New Ideas from the Fashion Centers will be re
ceived here from time to time as soon as they are out.
Ready For a Big Saturday
Tomorrow
Special Bargains in every department in the store. Read
our Whole Page Advs telling all about them.
f
$5.00
$7.50
AND RETAIL
uccess
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