IHnTyDJRD.
j, ai!;i:st PAPER
I i t.I.ISHKI IX CONCORD.
, , i r a i n s "moke heading
, Vi : I K THAN ANY OTHER
Vm-ki: in' this section.
i:ii imks tripod.
,,,,.11. AMI MIUECTS, AS 8F.EX
0i, i uitin Anon oi r
e m jj AXit.H. i:t additional
(vi:iinsi..
11- IliniMclf Out or Dnnitrr, Ihe
l.uioi- Makft Nome Comment
ami Observations.
i iu State fiscal year ended last
. i:iV.
State Audit jr is preparing
warrants.
M'i;at will be done with the Blair
-Rational bill?
I'.ui Urinkley, one of Catawba
,v: : n's contributions to the State
j. :.;toiitiary, has escaped.
N oah Barringer, Esq., of Catawba
. 1. 11 1 y, raised 450 bushels of sweet
-. -a:oo3 on one acre. This is "some
A tire in Boston last Friday de
. a :?,000,000 worth of property.
Th; is a big hole iu the "hub."
:a:istics show that out of every
tais paid in the South, white
;:: :. i' iv ;01.50. Significant!
A r.it lay down on the face of a
v, ' child in Pennsylvania. The
eh'! i ili-.'d from suffocation.
ii . :ro Williams, the negro histc-:-o:i
his ear. It is reported
hi is to marrv a white woman.
T':i' interest being manifested in
f . ': all by literary institutions, sug-
that it must be an intellectual
eople down in Halifax have
(nsider ways and means of
v r the difficulties caiiiel bv
A :
on in behalf of White, the
bank president, is being cir
!. lie is bidding for execu-
U Ili-'HCV.
Times: "There is a wed
foot for next month." That't
. brother, we've had them
v ..aity, in a buggy.
:; M Tgauton Herald, successor
. - ar. appears upon our table.
n. bright and handsome.
; ll rald down through yea:s.
i'a i. 'ekuook will be in Win
i.iy. She is the woman that
n t Uncle Sam by the hair
!:;- him around with the
ii
iek.
;:i-to!i Messenger: "What is
uT.ess and where will it be
We think Dr. Kingsburv
;iV, the above words in Web-
;!"tiarv.
I i. to be a conference of the
l.' 'i church throughout the
States in 1800. Steps are
: :.;k.-;i for the regulations in
"I'i delegates.
A :. -usji.iper agent has been re
s' ' ;is having stolen a comb and
'i fiom his land lord up in Da
r. unity. He's rather tony,
Cil
: an outfit with him m
-'l-siiian Flower will intro
a bill for a constitutional
ItiKiit providing for the elec
f postmasters. It seems to be
1 by a number of journals as
- ;:mk1 idea.
first time in 21 years the
Mtiary of North Carolina re
its income greater than its ex
This is for the last quarter.
right! Just look at Sister
Carolina and go on.
Till.- Newton Enterprise in speak
- "f a peculiar fowl caught by
M.O. Sherrill, says: "In shape
'" 'ly and color it is a duck all
(,Vi having perfectly webbed feet."
If Hiii.st be a peculiar fowl if it is a
kali over."
I he laboiers engaged in a mine in
' t :tka experience quite a change.
1 roasting of ore causes their
' ' '"1 and hair to turn as green a3
r'1' -. For the sake of consistency,
dudes ought to go there.
1 ne recent appointments to judi
' ''i iio-itions have caused several pa
I ''- to vent their spleens upon the
'"'I nor. The appointments are
- i but Judge Clarke could have
il '"'iil'lished more good iu the Su
I" 1 1 courts than he can where he
His services did much good for
t!- State.
VOL. II. NO. 4G.
EX-PRESIDENT DAVIS'S LETTER
Itmri at Hi Vayettevillc Centennial.
The Urnud Old !Haua Last Work.
Beauvoir, Miss., Oct. 30, '89.
Messrs. Whartox J. Green, Jas.
C. MacRae, C. W. Broad foot,
Neill W. Ray, W. U. McDuffie,
Committee :
Gentlemen: Your letter in
viting me to attend North Carolina's
Centennial, to bo held at Favette
ville on the 21st of November next,
was duly received, but this acknowl
edgement has been delayed under
the hope that an improvement in
my conditiou would enable me to be
present as invited. As the time ap
proaches I find that cherished hope
unrealized and that I must regret
fully confess my inability to join
you in the commemorative celebra
tion. It has been my wish to meet
the people of the "Old North State"
on the occasion which will naturally
cause them with just pride to trace
the historic river of their years to
its source in the colony of Albe
marle. All along that river stand monu
ments of fidelity to the inalienable
rights of the people, even when an
infant, successfully resisting execu
tive usurpation and in the defence of
the privileges guaranteed by charter
boldly defying kings, lords and com
mons. Always self-reliant yet not
vaiuly self-asserting, she provided
for her own defence while giving
material aid to her neighbors, as she
regarded all the British colonies of
America. Tlius she sent troops
armed and equipped for service in
both Virginia and South Carolina;
also despatched a ship from the port
of 'Wilmington with food for the
sufferers in Bostou after the closing
of that port by Great Britain.
In her declaration that "the cause
of Boston was the cause of all"
there was not only the assertion of a
community of rights and a purpose
to defend them, but self-abnegation
of the commercial advantages which
would probablv accrue from the
closing of a rival port. Without
diminution of regard for the great
and good men of the other colonies,
I have been led to special veneration
for the men of North Carolina, as
the first to distinctly declare for
State independence and from the
first to the last to uphold the right
of a people to govern themselves. I
do not propose to discuss the vexed
question of the Mecklenburg resolu
tions of May, 1 775, which, from the
similarity of expression to the great
Declaration of Independence of July,
1776, have created much contention,
because the claim of North Carolina
lests on a broader foundation than
the resolres of the meeting at Meek
lenburg, which deserve to be pre
served as the outburst of a brave,
liberty loving people on the receipt
of news of the combat at Concord
between British soldiers and citizens
of Massachusetts.
The broader foundations referred
to are the records of events preced
ing and succeeding the meeting at
Mecklenburg and the proceedings of
the Provincial Congress which met
at Ilillsboro in August, 1775. Be
fore this Congress convened North
Carolina, in disregard of opposition
by the Governor, had sent delegates
to represent her in the General Con
gress to be held in Philadelphia, and
had denounced the attack upon Bos
ton and had appoiuted committees
of safety with such far-reaching
functions as belong to revolutionary
times only. The famous Stamp act
of Parliament was openly resisted by
men of the highest reputation,
vessel bringing the stamps was seized
and the commander bound not to
permit them to be landed. These
things were done in open day by
men who were not disguised and
shunned no question.
Before the Congress of the pro-
-i iii .1. i i
iuee liau assemoieu me iash ruu.i
Governor of North Carolina had tied
to escape from the indignation of a
people who, burdenfd but not bent
by oppression, had resolved to live
or die as free men. The Congress
at Ilillsboro went earnestly to work
not merely to declare independence,
but to provide the means of main
taining it. The Congress, feeling
quite equal to the occasion, pro
ceeded to make laws for raising and
organizing troops, for supplying
money and to meet the contingency
of a blockade of her seaports, and
offered bounties to stimulate the
production of the articles most use
ful in time of war. On the 12th
of April, 177C, the Continental
Congress being then in session, and
with much diversity of opinion as to
the proper course to be pursued un
der this condition of affairs, the
North Carolina Congress resolved
"That the delegates for this colony
in the Continental Congress be era-
n n
E
powered to coucur with the delegates
of the other colonies in declaring
independency and forming foreign
alliances, reserving to the colony the
sole and exclusive right of forming
a constitution and laws for the col-
y," &c, &c.
This, I believe, was the first dis
tinct declaration for the separation
from Great Britain and State inde
pendence, and there is much besides
priority to evoke admiration. North
Carolina had by many acts of resist
ance to the British authorities pro.
voked their vengeance, yet she dared
to lend in defiance; but no danger,
however dread, in the event of her
isolation could make her accept co
operation save with the reservation
of supremacy iu regard to her own
constitution and laws the sacred
principle of "community independ
ence" and covernment founded on
the consent of the cover ned.
After having done her whole duty
in the war for independence and be
come a free, sovereign and independ
ent State, she entered in the Con
federation with these rights and
powers recognized as unabridged.
When experience proved the Articles
of Confederation to be inadequate to
the needs of good government she
agreed to a general convention for
their amendment. The Convention
did not limit its labors to amend
ments of the articles, but proceeded
to form a new plan of government
and adhering to the cardinal princi
ple that government must be derived
from the consent of the governed,
submitted the new plan to the peo
ple of the several States to be adopt
ed or rejected as each by and for
itself should decide.
It is to be remembered that the
Articles of Confederation for the
"United Stab-s of America" de
clared that " the union shall be per
petual," and that no alteration
should be made in the said articles
unless it should "be confirmed by
the legislature of every State." True
to her creed jf State sovereignty
North Carolina recognized the power
of such States as chose to do so. to
withdraw from the Union, and by
the same token her own unqualified
right to decide whether or not she
would subscribe to the proposed
compact for a more perfect Union,
and in which it ij to be observed the
declaration for perpetuity was omit
ted. In tie hard school of experi
ence she had learned the danger to
popular liberty from a government
which could claim to be the final
judge of its own powers. She had
fought a long and devastating war
for State independence, and was not
willing to put in jeopardy the
priceless jewel she had gained. Af
ter a ca.'eful examination it was
concluded that the proposed consti
tution did not sufficiently guard
against usurpation by the usual
resort to implication of powers not
expressly granted, and declined to
act upon the general assurance that
the deficiency would soon be sup
plied by the needful amendments.
In the meantime State after State
had acceded to the new union until
the necessary number had been ob
tained for the establishment of the
" constitution between the States
ratifying the same." With charac
teristic self-reliance North Carolina
confronted the prospect of isolation,
and calmly resolved, if so it must
be, to stand alone rather than sub
ject to hazard her most prized pos
session community independence.
Confiding in the security offered by
the first ten amendments to the
Constitution, especially the ninth
and tenth of the series, North Caro
lina voluntarily acceded to the new
Union. The tenth amendment re
stricted the functions of the Federal
government to the exercise of the
powers delegated to it by the States,
all of which were expressly stipu
lated. Beyond that limit nothing
could be done rightfull'. If covert
ly done under color of law or by
reckless usurpation of an extraneous
majority which, feeling power,
should disregard right, had the State
no peaceful remedy ? Could she as
a State in a confederation, the bed
rock of which is the consent of its
members, be bound by a compact
which others broke to her injury?
Had her reserved rights no other
than a paper barrier to protect them
against invasion?
Surely the heroic patriots and wise
statesmen of North Carolina by their
sacrifices, utterances and deeds have
shown what their answer would have
been to these questions if they had
been asked on the day when in con
vention they ratified the amended
Constitution of the United States.
Her exceptional delay in ratification
marks her vigilant care for the right
she had so earnestly asserted and so
steadily maintained. Of her it may
be said, as it was of Sir Walter Scott
CONCORD, N. C, FRIDAY.
in his youth, that he was "always
the first in a row and the last out of
it." :
In the peaceful repose which fol
lowed the Revolution all her inter
ests were progressive. Farms, school
houses and towns rose over a subdued
wilderness, and with a mother's joy
she saw her sons distinguished in the
public service by intelligence, ener
gy and perseverence and by the. in
tegrity without which all other gifts
are but as tinsel. North Carolina
grew a pace in all which constitutes
power until in 1812 she was requir
ed as a State in the Union to resist
aggressions on the high seas in , the
visitatiou of American merchant vesr
sels and the impressment of Ameri
can seamen by the armed cruisers of
Great Britain. These seamen gen
erally belonged to the New England
States. None probably were North
Carolinians. But her old spirit was
vital still the cause of one was the
cause of all as she announced when
Boston was under embargo.
At every roll call for the common
defeuse she answered, "Here!" When
blessed peace returned she stacked
her arms, for which she had no pros
pective use. Her love for her neighbors
had been tried and not found want
ing in the time of their need. Why
should she anticipate hostility from
them?
The envy, selfish iealousv and
criminal hate of a Cain did not come
near to her heart. If not to suspect
such vice in others be indiscreet
credulity, it is a knightly virtue and
part of an honest nature. In many
years of military and civil service it
has been my good fortune to know
the sons of North Carolina under
circumstances of trial, and I could
make a list of those deserving hon
orable mention which would too far
extend this letter already, I fear, te
diously long.
Fevotion to principle, self-reliance
and inflexible adherance to resolution
when adopted, accompanied by con
servative caution, were the charac
teristics displayed by North Caroli
na in both her colonial and State
history. All these qualities were
exemplified in her action on the day
the anniversary of which you com
memorate.
If there be any, not probably to be
found with you, but pessibly else
where, who shall ask, "How then
could North Carolina consistently
enact her ordinances of secession in
1SG1?" he is referred to the declara
tion of independence of 1776,to the ar
ticles of confederation of 1777 for a
perpetual union of the States and
the secession of the States from the
Union so established; to the treaty
of 17S3, recognizing the independ
ence of the States severally and dis
tinctively; to the Constitution of the
United States with the first ten
amendments; to the time honored
resolutions of 1798 and 1799, that
from these one and all he may learn
that the State, having won her in
dependence by heavy sacrifices, had
never surrendered it or had ever at-
attempted to delegate the iniliena
ble rights of the people.
How valiently her sons bore them
selves in the war between the States
the lists of killed and wounded tes
tify. She gave them a sacrificial of
fering on the altar of the liberties
their fathers had won and had left
as an inheritance to their posterity.
Many sleep far from the land of
their nativily. Peace to their ashes
Honor to their memory and the
mother who bore them.
Faithfully,
Jefferson Davis.
Ilancoek' Unmarked Grave.
Troy Press.
No monument marks the grave of
General Winfield Scott Hancock,
His remains lie in an unpretentious
corner of the cemetery at Norris-
town, Pa., and evidences of neglect
are all around the grave. The visi
tor cannot distinguish it from any
other grave. A marble slab appro
priately inscribed can be bought for
$20, a good marble headstone for $40;
a fine granite headstone for $G0, a
very respectable marble monument
for$200, or a handsome monument
for $500. And yet the grave of the
hero of Gettysburg, Democratic can
didate for President, and one of the
most conspicuous generals of the
Army for a quarter of a century
remains unmarked.
Racing by Hen of War Cntlers-
Bostox, Nov. 30. The race be
tween the cutters of the warships
Chicago, Boston, Yorktowu and
Atlauta today for cup filled with
silver dollars, given by the Dor
chester Yatcht Club, was won by
the men from the Chicago, Atlanta
secord, Yorktown third, Boston
fourth.
T AND ARB.
qjER 6,
"The Da tch Me H."
Some fifty years ago an article
appeared in an English provincial
paper, the Liecester Herald, under
the title of " The Dutch Mail," and
the announcement that in had ar
rived too late for translation, and
had been set up and printed in the
original. A great deal of attention!
was attracted to the article, many
Dutch scholars announcing in print
that.it was not in any dialect with
which they were acquainted, until it
was finally discovered to be a hoax.
Sir Richard Phillips, the editor of
the paper, tells this story of how it i
was conceived and carried out:
"One evening, before one of our
publications, my men and a boy
overturned two or three columns of
the paper in type We had to get
ready some way for the coaches,
which, at four in the morning, re
quired 400 or 500 papers. After
every exertion we were short nearly
a column, but there stood a tempt
ing column of "pi" on the galleys.
It suddenly struck me that this
might be thought Dutch. I made
up the column, overcame the scruples
of the foreman, and so away the
country edition weut with its philo
logical puzzle, to worry the honest
agricultural readers' heads. There
was plenty of time to set up a col
umn of plain English for the local
edition." Sir Richard tells of one
man whom he met in Nottingham,
who for thirty years preserved a
copy of the Liecester Herald, hop
ing that some day the letter would
be explained. New York Dispatch.
Mixed I'p Slarriagea.
Cincinnati Dispatch to the N. Y. World.
Henry Miller, a shoemaker who
died recently in this city, had a re
markable matrimonial career. Hi3
first wife died in giviug birth to a
girl baby. He afterwards married
nis wite s sister, wuo also uieu in
the course of a year, just after hav
ing born to her a girl baby. Miller
was an industrious fellow and his
father-in-law, a close-fisted dairy
man, brought about a marriage be.
tweeu Miller and a third daughter
In three years a girl baby was born
and the third wife and sister died.
The father-in-law had li tl a year
before and they mother-in-law to
Miller, and he mourned the loss of
their dead together. A mutual lik
ing struck up, the result being that
mother-in-law and son-in-law Miller
became husband and wife.
Their marriage was a happy one
for almost three years. Then Mrs.
Miller No. 4 gave birth to a girl
baby, dying within less than ten
days. After the little one was born
Miller lived but two months. His
four daughters, born under such pe
culiar circumstances, are still living.
The first three are not only step
sisters, but are cousins. Thefourth,
the daughter of the mother-in-law,
is not only a cousin and step-sister,
but likewise an aunt, while the
grandmother was stepmother to her
own grandchildren.
Good Philoiiopby.
Detroit Free Press.
Puttin' a punched dime in the
collection box is like buyin' a scalp
er's ticket to heaven.
W'en I hear of a mau that has a
$2,000 dog, I think the collar i3 on
the wrong animal.
It's necessary to have puppies be
fore we kin have dogs, but this ain't
no reason why a twenty year old
boy shouldn't be a gentleman.
Once 1 licked a hoss tor not go-
in', and thought he was balky. Af
ter I found out there was a uilcn in
front o' him, felt like apologizing to
the hoss for knowin' more than
did.
One thins; you don't need to lock
up for fear of losin' is a bad repn
tation.
I've kuown lots o' fellers, that
comin' home at 1 o'clock in th
moruiu', would stop to pet a stray
kitten an' put it over the fence
where it would be safe, never re
memberin' that they had a wife or a
mother sittin' up for them.
Corn Cheaper than Coal.
Kansas City, Mo., November 23
A special from Hiawatha, Kansas
says that the farmers of that vicinity
are burning corn for fuel, finding it
cheaper than coal. Corn is sold on
the farm at twenty cents per bushel
while the average price of coal de
livered at the farm ranees from two
to twenty-three cents per bushel
The Farmers Alliance here brought
the attention of farmers to the rela
tive prices of the two commodities.
and advised that half the corn crop
be need as fuel, thus advancing the
price of the other half, and savin
money in their fuel bills. The far
mers have beeun to act on this ad
vice.
1889.
THE Iff PERI Af j FAJIIIY.
An Interesting Sketch of the Late Im
perial Rulew of Brazil.
A revolutiou began the reigu of
Dom Pedro's father, Dom Pedro I.,
and ended that of his grandfather,
Dom John. The latter, who had
fled from Portugal when the dragons
let loose bv the French revolution
threatened to swallow him up, and
ho for a long time performed the
novel act of ruling a mother country
from one of its colonies, was fain to
eturn home, leaving the more pop
lar princely Dom at the head of af
fairs. The people had had a taste of
freedom and thirsted for it. They
liked Pedro better than they did
Juoaandfar better than he loved
Pedro. They had fought" for a con
stitution and it was promised them,
but when the Brazilian deputies
reached Lisbon they found that the
Cortez had not waited for them, and
they espied an evident intention to
elegate Brazil to her former posi
tion as a dependent colony. The
news caused great discontent in Bra
zil, and when the Cortez passed an
nsulting message ordering the
rince Dom Pedro to come to Eu
rope the provisional government be
gan a movement for independence by
asking him to disobey the Cortez's
command. The Council of Rio Ja
neiro followed with a similar move
ment, and the Prince said aye and
amen. 1 he l'ortugese troops at the
capital started in to apply the lash,
but their warlike ardor did not last
ong. They found it healthy to
leave. The two brothers Audradas,
who had led the revolt, were made
Ministers, and the municipal council
conferred on the Trince the title of
Perpetual Defender of Brazil. He
proved himself true and faithful and
worthy of the trust. On September
, 1822, he proclaimed the independ
ence of Brazil, and on Oct. 12 he was
proclaimed constitutional Emper
or amid great enthusiasm. Before the
end of 1825 Portugal gave up the
battle, but succeeded iu saddling on
Brazil as the price of freedom her
debts amounting to nearly $10,000,
000.
But the Emperor's reign was des
tined to be neither wise nor happy,
He gave himself up to Portugese in
fluence altogether too much to please
the proud Brazilians. He banished
the most popular men who had
worked for independence, and chang
ed ministers so often as to give rise
to a suspicion that he was too ob
stinately inclined to push forward
measures of which his advisers disap
proved. His father died very oppor
tunely however, and he was unani
mously proclaimed King of Portu -
al. He regaiued some of his popu
larity by abdicating that throne in
favor of his daughter, Donna Maria,
but his line of policy was not altered
and he excited great bitterness. Mis
fortune culminated in 1828. Calam
itous wars, costly international ex
periments, the usurpation of the
Portugese Crown by Dom Miguel,
disagreeable innovations by an nltra-
liberal Chamber of Deputies these
and other things decided the Em
peror to seek a more brilliant desti
ny in Europe. He first tried the
desperate plan of forming a new
ministry favorable to absolutism,
and when it failed he dissolved the
Ministry without naming another,
abdicating the throne in favor of the
heir apparent, then five years old,
and embarked for Portugal on an
English ship, leaving behind the
new Emperor, Dom Pedro II., and
the Princesses Januaria, Francisca
and Paula. His subsequent career-
in Portugal was no more successful
and he died a failure.
Brazil now really tasted a sort of
republican form of government, for
the three members composing the
regency were elected by the legisla
tive chambers. In 1834 there was a
change to a single regent, chosen by
all the electors in the same manner
a3 the Deputies, and the councils of
the provinces were replaced by legis
lative provincial assemblies. This
was getting pretty close to the ways
of the United States. All you had
to do was to call the Regent Presi
dent and there you were. But re
publicanism did not thrive. Feijoe,
the Regent, was accused of conniv
ing at the rebellion in the province
of Rio Grande and was forced to re
sign, and Aranjo Lima, Minister of
the Home Department, who strove to
give his regency a strong monarchical
flavor, was chosen in his stead. But
the people were weary of republican
ism and wanted something even
more monarchical than Lima's re
gency. There was an attempt to
give the regency into the hands of
of the Pincess Donna Januaria, then
in her eighteenth year, but it was
finally decided that an Emperor of
fourteen ought to govern, and so.
after a noisy discussion, a bill was
WHOLE NO. 98.
passed dispensing with the age of
the Emperor and declaring him to
be a "mau growed." The majority
of the Emperor Dom Pedro II. was
proclaimed on the 23rd of July, 18
40. And thus the full Hedged Ein
geror began business a boy, but by
no means an incapable one.
Slavery was the first great subject
to claim the attention of the youth
ful Emperor. It was brought house
to the country in a very unpleasant
manner in 1849 by the appearance
of vellow fever on slave ships, the
first that was known of it in the
country. Public opinion was arous
ed, and declared against the traffic,
and the stringent laws were adopted,
and thus began a movement which
has never ceased looking to the' final
abolition of slavery in the land. The
Emperor pushed forward his schemes
for the advancement of the country
with a firm hand. Public works of
vast magnitude were started, and
public education was given a boom
Always a liberal spender, he was not
long in getting the country into
debt, and he has faithfully kept it
so ever since, but he has given it a
quid pro quo that was well worth
the money. Wars with Paraguay
and other couu tries helped 'o swell
the indebtedness. That with Para
guay was a special heavy drain upon
the resources of Brazil, both in life
and treasure. Dictator Lopez began
it away back in 1864 by capturing a
Brazilian vessel without troubling
himself to proclaim war. He fol
lowed this up with an invasiou into
the provinces of Matto Grosso and
Rio Grande in Brazil and that of
Corrientes in the Argentine Repub
lie. A tripple alliance was formed
between Brazil, Uruguay and th
Argentine liepuonc, aau the war
was carried into Africa. Lopez
fought like a demon. He would not
give up until 1870, when the Repub
lic so-called had been drained to the
dregs of its manhood and its money
Brazil suffered terribly. It had to
keep from twenty thousaud to thirty
thousand men in the field constantly,
and the co-t of keeping it going was
not less than $250,000,000. There
was a big hiatus in the financial
budget and the taxes had to be rais
ed. But the people bravely support
ed the Emperor iu the manly stand
that he had taken, and the grand
resources of the country enabl
Brazil to borrow money in Europe at
a fair rate of interest. The country
steadily increased in prosperity
Commerce grew. Loliee and sugar
coined money for the people and for
the Empire. And the people waxed
in intelligence and liberality
One year after the settlement of
peace with Paraguay Dom Pedro
had the satisfaction of seeing a great
social reform ettected. A law was
passed decreein? that every child
born of slave parents should be free
He also proclaimed the freedom o
all s aves belonsins to the fctate or
the imperial household, and provided
an emancipation fund to be annually
applied to the ransom of slae
owned bv private individuals. Ever
since, the emancipation of slaves has
gone on rapidly, the slave owner
themselves in many instances helpin
it on. It was thought once that an
abolition of slave labor would ruin
the plantations, but the emancipated
negroes turned to and worked with
a will, thus encouraging the good
work begun in their behalf,
The Emperor married a sister of
the King of Naples, a virtuous and
good tempered woman, with whom
he lived most happily, .both were
beloved by their subjects, not only
for their moral and intellectual
strength, but because of their afTec
tionate regard for the welfare of al
under them. The Princess Isabel
was born to them in 1840, and he
mu mi V i. 1 ,
son in isio. xney nave no uiue
surviving offspring.
The war with Paraguay taught
the Emperor the value of peace, and
ever since he has been a sianch ad
vocate of it. He had tremendous
debts to pay, and he set about deliv
erinsr his country from them with
most enlightened energy. His tri
o -
umphant journey to this country
and Europe was taken in furtherance
of his designs. He was learning and
investigating how to do it, and th
results of his journey were felt most
remarkedly subsequent to his return
During the eighteen months of his
travel the affairs of the country
were administered by the Princess
Izabel, as regent, and more recently,
when ill health called hi ra abroad,
she again virtually occupied the
throne. It was during this time
that she signed a bill passed by both
houses declaring all slaves in the
emrirefree from the date of the bill
March 13, 1888. It is believed that
this act has greatly incensed the
nponle of the upper classes and
helped to foment the present revolu
tion. the princess not being at al
popular with the lower classes. The
people feel that the reign of Doai
Pedro II. is at an end anyway.
THE STANDARD.
WE DO ALL KINDS OP
JOB "WOEK
IN THE
XEA TES T MA NNER
AND AT
TILE LOWEST RATES
THE SHELL.
Once on a sunny beach,
Lay groups of lovely 6hells,
Playthings of the deep,
Of the water's long green swells-
Cast up ly the ebb and flow
Of the heaving ocean's tide.
They lay in the gleaming sunlight.
Wind-tossed far and wide.
Among these glowing groups
Lay ono of loveliest form,
Roseate tinted and pearl
Unbroken by the storm.
It lay like an exquibite flower
OpeLiug to morning dew
But fairer than any flower
The sordid earth e'er grew.
It had come from the glowing depths
Of the water s shining green
"With many a glint of its brightness
In its own soft-tinted sheen.
As the sun in its glittering glory
Sank slowly to its rest,
In the distant but ever glorious
Regions of the West,
O'er the beach came an aged man
With lowly bended head
With looks sad and sorrowful
With slow and laltering tread.
He neared the fairy shell,
But so gloomy was his sadness
That he could find no room
For visions of beauty and gladness.
So, unheeding his footsteps,
He crushed the beautiful thing,
And no longer of its home
In the deep could it sing.
It lay in a thousand fragments,
That once beautiful shell,
Where beauty and sweetest music
Had long been wont to dwell.
Thus oft it is in life,
When, mid sorrow and gloom
For perceptions of beauty,
We csD find no room,
And careless, we ruin,
What oft, did we heed it
Would bring us consolation,
And oh ! how oft we need it !
J. E. H.
Cabarrus County, N. C
Smokeless Powder.
Wilmington Star.l
It seems that the inventor of the
smokeless and noiseless powder
which has attracted so much atten
tion iu army circles in Europe and
in this country is an American, Cap
tain Ledyard Ellsworth, of Hartford,
Conn. lie has recently returned
from Europe where he says he dis
posed of the formula for making it
to the German Government for
$500,000 in cash and $10,000 iu
semi-annual payments for ninety-
nine years, giving it the exclusive
right to all countries except the
United States, Mexico and Central
America, on which the German
Government has a limited option on
the same terms. He is a chemist
and before the war worked iu a gun
powder factory. He served in the
army during the war, and at its
close turned his attention to the
smokeless and noiseless powder. In
1870 he offered to make tests for
this Government, and was encour
aged by the Ordnance Department,
but before undertaking the expense
of the tests the Government required
him to give directions how to manu
facture it, which he declined to do,
and the negotiations fell through,
He then turned his attention to
Iuropeau Governments. His pow
der is not only noiseless and smoke
less but without offensive odor,
differing from the German invention
of a similar kind, the odor of which
is said to be very offensive, and
which is used only for small arms.
The Forgetful Fokk
Fogg entered the car, to find every
seat occupied and the aisle filled
with standers. But he was equal to
the occasion. He shouted, with the
voice of one having authority,
" Plenty of seats in the next car."
Instantly there was a rush for the
next car. The standing passengers
started1 first, of course, but there
were lots .of the sitters who wanted
to sit together and several more who
thought by going into the other car
they might get two or three seats to
themselves. The result was that
Fogg selected one 'of the vacated
seats and was deep in his newspaper
by the time the crowd came pouring
back, with an evident desire to shed
Fogg's blood. You see it was an
oversight on Fogg's part. There
were plenty of seats in the next car;
he merely forgot to mention that
they were all full. Boston Trans
script. The Cxar's Nquad r Mechanic.
The workmen who go iu advance
of the Czar withersoever he travels
form a squad of six mechanics. Two
are locksmiths, two carpenters and
two masons. All are married men,
born in Czar's service and absolutely
devoted to their sovereign. Their
business is to examine the walls,
flooring, chimneys, locks and fur
niture of the apartments which the
Czar is to occupy. The chimneys,
in particular, engage their attention,
for every flue leading to a room in
which the Czar is to sleep or eat has
to be grated and barred at the top
I anj bottom.