11. S. Department Of Agri
culture Gives Advice On
Wnrking Ot Sand-
Clay Rnads.
Washington, D. C.
There arc at present about
25,100 miles of sand clay roads
ia the United States, maialy in
the Southern States, according
ta the Office of Public Roads,
U. S. Departmestof Agricalture.
The time ta work the roads is in
the spriag when the soil is damp.
If the working of the roads is
deferred until late in summer
when they are dry, they are aot
only much more difficult ta put
in praper shape but the cost of
repair is greater than if they
were worked early in the spring.
Previous to 1894 comparative
ly little, if any, of these raads
exhisted. The popularity of
this type of road is due to the
facts that it is cheap, compara
tively firm and durable, easy to i
construct and repair, and that J
the materials out of which it is
built are plentiful in many sec
tions of the country.
The sand-clav road is made by
mixing the sand and clay in such
a way that the grains of sand
touch each other, the spaces
between the grains being filled
with clay which acts as a binder.
The approximate mixture of
sand and clay may be determined
by filling a vessel with a sample
ot" the sand to be used, and
another vessel of the same size
with water. The water is noured
carefully into the sand un*il it
reaches the point of overflowing.
The volume of water removed
from the second vessel repre
sents approximately the propor
tion of clay needed
The proper proportion of sand
and clay can best be determined,
however, as the work progress
es, as some clay will contain
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| I
I Fine Lot Stock Coming j
| be THE j
I FEBRUARY j
• We will have another very fine ht of hordes and mules both at Dan= 2
• bury and Walnut Cove on the first Monday in February. These stock •
• will be kept at both places. •
® Don't fail to see us at Danbury or Walnut Cove if you are in need •
• of good stock. •
| SMOAK & McCREARY AND J. S. TAYLOR j
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more sand than others. In fact,
clays ar« very frequently found
which already contain about the
right proportion of sand.
If the road to be treated is
sandy, the surface is first leveled
off and crowned with a road
machine, the crown being about
i inch to the foot from the center
to the sides. The clay is then
dumped on the surface and care
fully spread, so that it will be
from 6 to 8 inches ia depth at
the center, and gradually de
creasing in depth towards the
sides. A layer of clean sand is
then usually added, which is
thoroughly mixed with the clay,
either by traffic or by means of
plows and disk or tooth harrows.
The best results have been
obtained by thoroughly mixing
or puddling the materials when
wet. For this reason, it is de
sirable that the mix'ng be done
in wet weather. The mixing
can be left to the traffic after
the materials have been proper
ly placed, but this involves a
whole winter and spring of bad
road, and even the mixing
is not always satisfactory. In all
cases, it is advisable to dress the
road with a road machine or
split-log drag after the materials
have bren thoroughly mixed,
and to give it a crown of not
more than 1 inch or less than 3-4
I inch to the foot from the center
; to the sides. A light coating of
sand may then be added. The
us 2 of the road machine or drag
should be continued at frequent
intervals until the surface is
; smooth and firm,
j If the road to be treated is
; composed of clay, it should first
; be brought to a rough grade with
;a machine. The surface
• should then be plowed and
thoroughly pulverized by harrow-
ing to a depth of about 4 inches
after which it is given a crown
or slope of about 1-2 in to the,
foot from the center to the,
sides. It is then covered with'
THE DANBURY REPORTER
6 to 8 inches of clean, sharp
sand, which is spread thicker ia
the center than at the sides. The
materials should then be mixed
with plows and harrows while
they are comparatively dry,
after which they are finally
puddled with a harrow during
wet weather. If clay works to
the surface and the road becomes
sticky, more sand should be
added.
The road is then shaped,
crowned, and ditched in the
usual manner with a road
machine. This should be done
when the surface is soft, vet
stiff enough to pack well under
the rollttf" or the traffic. Wide
but shallow ditches should be
provided on both sides of the
road, and culverts or crossdrains
should be placed wherever water
flows across the road, for it is
exceedingly important that the
"sand on clay" roads be well
drained.
After the clay on sand, or the
sand on clay, road is completed,
it should be carefully maintained
until the surface becomes firm
and smooth. The construction
of this type of road is by no
means a quick operation. If
soft, sticky' places appear, more
sand should be added, and if
loose, sandy places are found,
more clay is needed. It is just
as important to attend to these
small details as to any other
part of the work, for, if they
are neglected, the road is liable
to fail.
It requires approximately 1
cubic yard of clay to surface 1
running yards of road 12 feet
in width, or about 1175 cubic
yards to the mile. From H-4 to
1 cubic yard will make a load
for two horses on a dry clay
road. The cost of the road will
therefore depend l.irgely upon
the distance the material is
hauled, the average being from
$5OO to $l,OOO per mile. A road
built under the direction of the
Office of Public Roads at Gaini
ville, Florida, one mile long, 14
feet wide, and having 9 inches
of sand-clay surface, cost $BBl
per mile, or ten cents per square
yard. Another aand- c1 a y
road built by the Office at
Tallahassee, Florida, 16 feet
wide, 7 inches thick, cost $470
per mile, or about fiye cents per
square yard.
Messrs. John and Wesley Mabe
and Walter Lackey, were Dcn
bury visitors today.
I Contractor Hollis and sub
contractor Swinney, who are
building the new Danbury-Mead-j
ows road, spent a short while
here today.
j j
Mr. Wiley Baker, of German
ton Route 1, was a Danbury
, visitor today.
' Big lot of shoes at half price,
j Boyles Mercantile Co.
Datfne«s Carrot Be Cuied
I by local applications, as the
cannot reach the diseased portion
of the ear. There is only one'
| way to cure deafness, and that!
•is by constitutional remedies,
j Deafness is caused by an!
: inflamed condition of the mucous,
lining of the Eustachian Tube.!
I When this tube is inflamed you:
! have a rumbling sound or im-
I perfect hea irig, and when it is
j entirely closed. Deafness is the
ire ult. and unless the inllamma
jlion can lie taken out and this
tube restored to its normal
'condition, hearing will be de
jstroyed forever: nine cases out
:of ten are caused by Catarrh,
j which is nothing but an inflamed
condition of the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred
I Dollars for any case of Deafness
(caused by catarrh) that cannot
be cured by Hail's Catarrh Cure.
Send for circulars, free.
F. -J. CHENEY & CO..
Toledo, Ohio.
Sold by Druggists, Toe.
Take Hull's Family Pills for
1 ' constipation.
Help Stop fires.
The fire waste in this country
has become alarming in its
proportions. Among the efforts
being put forth for a conservation
of our resources, no one is more
worthy of your assistance than j
the one to stop or decrease our
annual fires. In no direction is
the necessity greater or the |
prospects of success more hope
ful.
The annual fire loss in this
country is about $250,000,000, or
$5OO each minute. In our own
State it is estimated that the loss
by fire is $1,500,000, or over
$4,000 each day. Students of this
subject tell us that the bulk of
these fires are the result of
ignorance, carelessness, or
criminality, and that with ordin
ary care two-thirds should be
prevented.
In order to stop this annual
loss, that is a disgrace to our
j Nation and State, it is necessary
! to educate our people and awaken
1 an interest along this line.
NOTICE !
! S5 acres of land for sale in j
: Virginia near the railroad, with |
fine orchard at a bargain, one
good sawmill outfit, three head
of cattle, one fine milk cow. two
wagons, one grab cart, two
horses, household and kitchen
furniture. See me at once if you
want to buy.
W. T. MOREFIELD,
Tjan.'Jt Campbell, N. C.
I
i
>ur reduction :-.ale attracts
attention. Boyles Mercantile Co.
LIBERTY-PIEDMONT INSTITUTE
Several Stokes Boys and Girls In
School There - Recital Given.
Wallburg. N. C.. Jan. 20. -
Misses Brooksie and Rilla More
field and Effie Smith, of Stokes
county, have returned to school
at Liberty-Piedmont Institute.
We have lots of new students
since Christmas.
Mr. Roy Fowler, of Stokes
county, is among: the new
students.
A recital was given in the
school here Friday night. The
program was as follows :
Chorus "Fleeting Days " by
the girls.
Talk on the benefits of the Y.
W. C. A., by Rev. Mr. Bray.
Violin solo "Roses," by Miss
Rilla Morefield.
Recitation, by Clara Wall.
Piano solo—'•Meditation," by
! Miss Effie Smith.
Chorus "Kentucky Babe,"
by the girls.
Trio Brooksie Morefield.
Evelyn Mason and Gladys Wall.
Vocal solo, by Miss Cates.
Messrs. Lonnie Rutledge, Chal
m3r3 Neal and Ambrose Chaplin
! took a flying trip to High Point
Saturday.
TWO CHUMS.
! Mr. W. Y. Gordon, of German
ton Route 1, was a Danbury
visitor today.
; Mr. Walter G. Petree is spent
several days in the north-west
ern part of the county on busi
ness the past week.
Big values at the reduction
! sale. Boyles Mercantile Co.