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? J.ISjHBP, WE-BKL f Q.Alq & A,ESePRO DEO, ET PRO PATRIAea&- ED)I LJWW E$M
NEW SRRIES.
GREENSB'OROUGU, N. C FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 1, 1838.
VOL. It NO 13.
From thr LnttisiiUt Journal.
MKVKNTKEN'.
I have a fair and gentle fricnJ,
Whose heart is pure, I wean,
As ever r..ui a maiden.-; Keatt .
At joyous seventeen,
Ue iwel!s among as like star,
That from its bower of bliss
Looks down, yet gathers not a stain
From aught it sees in this.
I e.u not mean that flattery
lias never reached her ear ;
I only ray itsyren song
. lias no effect on her ;
lor (she is all simplicity,
A creature soil and iinlJ-
Though u the. eve of wojuanhood.
In, heart a Very child,
And yet, within thcuUly depths
Of her dark 'dreauiy eyes,
A shadowy Minctoiing, like deep thought.
In tender sadness lies :
Tor though her glance still shines as bright
As m hct 'childish years,
lis wddriess and its lustre now
Aro4o;tencd down by tears v
Tears th it steal not from hidden uprings
Of sorrow anil regret,
Fur none but lovely lV:elinrs
In her gentle breast have met ;
For every- tear that gems her eye
From her young Ikmoiu Hows,
Like dew-drops from a golden star,
Or sweetness from a rose.
For e'en in life's delicious spring,,
We oil have memories
That thr pw around our sunny hearts
A transient cloud of iglis;
For a wondrous change within the heart
At that sweet time id wrought,
When oil the heart is soiliy lafii ' - '
..... A tiwU of. deeper thought.- -
And she has readied that lovely time,
The swet-t pcetiC age, r .
When to the eye each flo ret' J.eaf..-1
Seems like a glowing page ; .
For a beauty and mystery
About the heart is thrown,
When childhood's merry laughter yields
' To girlhood's sutler tone.
I do not know if round her heart
I .eve yet hath tiirown his wing;
1 rather tluuk she's like myself,
An April-hearted thing :
I only know that she i tair,
And loves me passing well ;
But who this gentle maiden is,
' " I feci hot free'to fas-li"
Amelia.
A KE.NTUCKIAN'S ACCOUNT OF
1'ANTIIW; FIGHT.
BY JAMeS II. U.VCIiET.
I never was down hearted but once in
my life, and tliat was on seeing the death
of a faithful friend, who lost his life in try
ing to save mine. The fact is, 1 was oik
day making tracks homeward aft r a long
trump through one of our forests my ri-
tle carelessly resting on my shoulder
when my favorite dog Sport, who was trot
ting quickly ahead of tne suddenly stop
ped stock still, gazed into a big oak tree,
bristled up his back, and fetched a loud
grow). 1 looked up and saw, upon a quiv
ering limb, a half-grown panther, crouch
ing down close, and in the very act of
tmnnging upon him. With a motion quick
er than chain lightning, 1 leveled my rifle,
blazed away, and shot him clean through
the heart. The varmiiitHvithlecth Bet and
claws, spread, pitched sprawjing head fore
most to the ground, as dead as Julius Cic
sar ! That was ail fair enough ; but mark !
afore I had dropped" Thy rifle, I fouud nu-
- ' wlf thrown down flat oh" toy profile, by tfie.
old she panther, who that minute sprung
from an opposite tree and lit upon my
shoulders, heavier than all creation ! I
feel the print of her dcvlish teeth there
now! My dog grew mighty loving 'ie
jumped atop and seized her bv the neck ;
ko we all rolled and clawed, and a pretty
considerable tight scratch we had of it.
I began to think my right arm was about
chawed, up; when the varmint rinding the
dog's tecih rather hurt her feelings, let go
altogether, and clenched him. Seeing at
once that the dog was undermost, and there
was no two ways about a chance of a clioak
oft' or let up "about, her. I just.Njut j ack
inil'e, and with one slash, perhaps Fx! id n't
cut the panther's throat deep enough for
hoc to breathe the rest of her life without
nostrils. 1 did feel mighty savagerous,
ind big as she was I laid hold of her hide
by the back with an alligator-grip, and
stung her against the nearest tree, hard e-
- nough to make every bone in her flash
fire. " There;" ays I, " you infernal var
mint, root and branch ! you are what I call
used up."
Cut I turned around to look for my dog,
and tears gushed smack into my eyes, as 1
SCO: the. poor-- affectionate cretin- -all-ef it
gore of blood-prhalf raised on his for legs
-trying to drag h"s mangled body towards
incoii-W-drdpped ; f"run up to him,
whistled loud, and gave Til ma friendly
shake of the paws (for I loved my dog)
but he lias too far gone he just' had,
itrenrtb -enough to wag his tail" feebly
fixed his closing eyes upaa me wishfully,
then he v.v & gasp or two and all was
c.xr!. "
SPJiKCI! Or MIL. SiiA.GK Or' V. C
IN TIIUENA TB OF THE I' .ST ATES.
Concluded.)
And this brings in.; to the consideration
of inolier evil q, the paper system, and
thatis, its tendency to call men off from
ihjT most productive employments to those
yiiich are less so, or not so at all ; draw
i ig them off Iroin the cultivation of the
mil to become speculators, bank officers,
shopkeepers, and Itvois upon their wits.
All values are' created bv the upoi it menus
production of the earth, by human labor,
by aniuni procreation, or by some, or all of
these united. The spontaneous production
of the earth is, of course, the most profit
able to hini -who can avail himself of it of
any oth.-r ; and the production of the earth,
combined with hum tn labor, furnishes at
last the basis of all wealth. Human labor
may, after the production by the earth is
c mplcted, put into more udvuiitag-ous
forms, and in more advantageous- places,
what has ben produced ; but to the earth
w; must go hack for the origin of all
wealth. Wealth to a nation is happiness ;
that is to say, the more aggregate wealth a
nation possesses, provided it be sufficient
ly distributed, the more people do. s it
place in possession of the means of pro
curing the essentials of happiness. The
largcF-fiortion of a nation's population en
gaged in the production of values, and the
more advantageously engaged, the better
fur that nation. Labor applied to bring,
nig into action the productive powers of
the earth, is, as a general rule, tho most
advantageous mode of producing values.
Every thing, therefore, which has a ten
dency to divert any considerable portion
of a nation from agricultural pursuits, by
turning them to speculation, professions,
merchandise, or even to manufactut
where that nation possesses a suitable fie
for, agricultural purs.mU,. has, as. a gouorai
rule, the effect "bf diminishing the wealth
of that fiat'ionr Bu4 I can pursue this to
pic no further. I conclude that Congress
has' not the right," and if it had, it would
not be expedient for it to "undertake the
creation and fegTiTatrpii a cotnmo:i pa
finr medium through banks. But if it pot
S 'ssed such right, and such obligation rest",
d upo:i it, the substitute proposed by the
S; nator fiorq Virginia provides no such
medium, tho currency it would foster would
be, after all, but lo;.il in its character,
and "with all tho disadvantages, would pos
s ss f.:w of ihe advantages of a common
papet medium. x
Having finished what I had to-say upon
tithcr branches of thi subject, I now pro
pose to treat it, in the last place, as a m re
political question. -This,. after all, is by
fir tho mo3t interesting and important
light in which it presents itself. Twogrcat
political parties have been striving for mas
tery in this nation ever since its existence
b -gan, and probably will continue to strive
as long as its present institutions remain.
Indeed, the strife may be said to have be
gun before the nation had an existence,
and to have been waged in giving form and
character to that existence. The party to
which I belong holds, and ever has held,
th'.; capacity of man for self-government ;
i'i it Providence has bestowed n each in
dividual certain natural gifts and adv inta
ges, which he has a right to use witho il
molestation or restraint, so long as he for
ii sirs to use them in infringing upon simi
lar rights hi others. Hut that owing to .
corrupt propensity in our race to lulringi:
the rights of others, Government is ueces-'
sary, and to support Government tatatio i
is necessary ; but that no more govern men i
should be exercised than is required for
tho purpose for which alone it was insti
tuted, and ho more taxation resorted to than
is necessary for its support, , and that it is
a gross abuse, of Goyirnineit to take.-frott
one man any of his natural or providential
rights and advantages, and IksIow them on
mother, that uoveniinciit is at nest but
i necessary evil, or, in the beautiful Ian-
niago of Thomas Paine, " Government,
ike dr"ss, is the badge of lost innocence;
and the palaces of kings were founded up
onlhe. ruins of the bowers of Paradise."
That this necessary evil was designed for
the benefit of tho many, and not of th'3
few, and that the greatest good of tho
greatest number should be tho object as
w ll of the philanthropist as ot tlio lion-
I 1 ! 1. .. .1 nnKf iii'in Tint
t si ail'l euiijrriiuueu puitin-iin- uui
cry new society of men has a right to
choose its own form of Government, and
to change it afterwards, with the concur
rence of a majority of the parties to tbeo
riginal compact. That the ,b.-st form of
Government, upon the whole, is that u i
derhich we at present live, reduced as it
was by iid wise founders to a solemn writ
ten compact,. which noviii'ihas a right to
change or modify peaceably and insidious
ly by coimiructictn, or openly and violently,
without incurring great political guilt and
just condemnation. We believe in the ex,
iste ice of virtue and patriotism, and hold
them to be the only proper bases of polili-el-fi4on
" lV-ev;rf'tKrng;tcntlrnar
to place political action upon any other
basis, is dangerous to . liberty and subver
sive of bur i ntitutionar History inforrrj
us tint much the opposite of all this was
held by the other party ; that the present
Constitution was very far from being such
as they would have had it; that it was too
Democratic in its. nature, and li34ributed
(wnver too equally antou all plasscs of thej
infn it icr to govern dicmselves, or to par
t cipa c in the govtrnraont of others. Bui
tiiev agreed to accept it upon the whole,
believing that, by construction, many de
(ieieucKs might bo supplied, and that vig
or in which it was eminently wanting might
be imparted. Wc learn, from high author
it y, that the Constitution was scarcely put
in operation, before the principle of con
struction was applied, and that those who
were most active in its application avow
edly held the doctrine that a monarchy was
the best Government on earth, and, with
Sir Robert Walpolc, that a man's patriot
ism was (o be sought for in his pocket.
" But Hamilton was not only a monarch
ist, but for a monarchy founded on corrup
tion. In proof of this, I will relate an an.
ecdote, for the truth of which I attest the
(iod who made inc. Before the President
set out on his Southern tour, in April, 1791,
Ik! addressed a letter of the fourth of that
mouth, from Mount Vcnion to the Secre
taries of State, Treasury, and War, desir
ing, that if any serious and important cas
es should arise during -his absence, they
would consult and act upon them. And
ho requested that the Vice President should
also be consulted. This was the only oc
casion on which that officer was ever re
quested to take part in a cabinet question.
Some occasion for consultation arising, 1
invited those gentlemen to dine with me,
in order to confer on the subject. After
the cloth was removed, and our question
agreed and dismissed, conversation began
oh other matters, and by some circumstance
was led to the British Constitution, on
winch Mr. Adams observed "purge that
Constitution of its corruption, and give to
its popular branch equality of representa
tion, and it would be the most perfect con
stitution ever devised by the wit of man."
"ilton paused, and said, " purge it of
rruption, and givo to its popular
branch equality of repiSlSUUUflrj-.' and it
would become an impracticable Govern
nuiit: as it stands at present, with all its
sup)o3cd defeats, it is the most perfect
Government which ever existed."
The leader of this party was a spleudid
irtfiiv, whose talents I admire, and the in
tigritv of whose purposes I do not mean
to questio.i ; but his notions on govern
ment were, 1 believe, as erroneous as those
of Tycho Brahc in philosophy. The first
fruits of these principles were the funding
system and Ciutcd Slates Bank, with re
spect to which .Mr, Pitt, looking to their
consequences with the eagle eye of a pro
bund statesman, declared, that if the A
iiiericaus cmbarki d in them, he would give
l.nf lilll tliir I i l...l 'I'lt,. .ii..-,'.
and operation of these measures will be
found explained in .Mr. Jefferson's Works,
vol. 4, pp: 11 i 410.
44 II uni Item's financial system had then
passed. It had two objects ; first, as a
puzzle to exclude ''popular understanding
and inquiry ; and second, as a machine for
the corruption of the legislature : for he
avowed the opinion that man could be gov
erned by one of two motives only, force or
interest ; force, he observed in this Coun- j
tr, was out of the question, and the intetVj
est therefore of the members must be laid j
hold of, to keep the legislature in unison
with the Kxecutivc. And with grief and
sii line it must be acknowledged that his
hi 'chine was not without effect; that even
in this tin- birth of our Government, some
ul tubers were found sordid enough to
bend their duty to their interests, and look
after personal rather than' public good."
Jiffinotis M:nwirsrp:te 440, to. 4th.
1 know very v.vll, and so must bo un
derstood, that nothing like a majority in
Congress had yielded to this corruption.
Far (Vom it. But division not very une
qual had -already- taktm- place tn tfie hou-
ust part of that -body, , between the parties
styled It publican ai d Federal. The lit
ter being inoiiurc.iists.iu principle, adher
ed to Hamilton, of course, as their leader
in that principle, and this mercenary ph i
I i:ix added to them, insured him always a
majority in both Housesi.so that tho .ivhota
actio. i of tho legislature was now under
the direction of the Treasury. Still the
machine was not complete. The effect of(
tho funding system, and of the assumption;'
would be temporary ; it would be'. lost' "with
the loss of the individual iikjmbcrs whom
it had enriched, and some engine of influ
ence more pormanctttmust be contrived,
while those myrmidons wcro yet in place
to curry Ufhrough all opposition. This
eiigjjHwu3 the Bank of tho United States.1" f
Piijrc 119.
The bank was chartered ; and, accor
ding to the decision of the times, which
as yet stands unreversed, and perhaps ev
er will, (whether 'properly or not, this is
no time or place to discuss,) the charter
could not be revoked, but must run out the
period for which it hud been granted,
whether for weal or woe to the country.
Its effects were counteracted as far as pos
sible bjL Mr. Jefferson, at the head of a
Spa rtfi pfcrtOT r, w btc li CShli fi ua I If gal ti
ered strength ; still, when it becauie.fuir-
ly united with an administration strictly
Federal, it made rapid encroachments up. j
uu tho Constitution. But a bold stndcjof
power, conscious of having at its command
something more efficient than a sceptre to
subdue tho wills of men, was manifested
in tho passage of tbp alien and sedition
iaauTiiis - rash and promaturo measure
served fa open "the cyoa of men crc it was J
loo late, and the grasping Administration
was hurled from lU place. This serva
tion of the Administration and the ivrJb
eyed power served for a time to save popu.
lax eights, and preserv the Constitution.
In 1611, the charter of the bank expired,
and upon tho question of its renewal, the
whole force ol the Democracy was arrayed
against it, and with triumphant success.
Some noble efforts were made against it on
the doors of Congress, and some, I am sor
ry to say, who then won in the cause of
Democracy the greenest laurels that will
over bloom bove their graves, have since
changed their opinions, and become the
advocates of a A'ationai Bank. They are
still mtn of high intellectual power, and
tune cannot have abated their vigor. But
how dilicrt ht are their efforts from what
they then were ? They still strike with
power, but they beat only the air. The
ground winch they occupy does not afford
scope for the exertion of their might.
Upon ibis subject Samson is shurn of his
glorious locks, and shakes himself in vain,
as at other times.
1 now come to a portion of my country's
history, from which 1 would turn aside with
shame ; but the story must be told. A
war of glory had been fought ; the Feder
al party had opposed its beginning, and
during its continuance fasted for the victo
ries of their country, and rejoiced over
those of .the enemy. But the war ended
as it had begun, in tho honor of the na
tion. But war is expensive, and the Ad
ministration found itself involved in debt
and taxation, and the local banks had stop
ped payment, and the Opposition began to
wag their heads, and point the finger in
derision, and cry, " There ! there ! So
would we have it." The pride of the Ad
ministration was 6tung, and another in
stance was furnished oi the frailty of man
in his best estate; and in a desperate ef
fort to rtlrievo its pecuniary affatrs,- a-U-uited
States Bank was proposed and chat
tered, against the. opposition of tile Feder.
alists, consistent only in opposition. Such
i . to . thj?. iru.u-.accrc t .at: tttcchdif
ter of the second Bank of the United
States. Others more familiar ljrtth the po
litical secrets of tho day may account for
it upon some other principle, but such I
believe, and always have believed, was the
true nature of the transaction. But the
bank was chartered, and some apology
must be made for this barefaced inconsis
tency of the Republican party, and an a
pology, tfce strangest that ever could have
eaxred into the conception of one who set
any value upon a written Constitution, was
offered. It had been once decided, it w is
aid,- by ali ;th depaTtfmnts of " the Go v
crumeut, that a. bank was constitutional,
and therefore it was settled. Strange that
the very warmest opponents of construc
tion should thus have established it in the
very heart, of the Constitution, and made
what was intended to bo stable as the
lulls, and inflexible as iron, as fugitive as
stubbjc, ami as supple as luzlc w and.
That what was intended to encompass the
powers of the tiovc.rninj.it, and hedge ihem
in with walls of brass, so that iliey shouid
not encroach upon the rights of the States,
should be rendered submissive to the cvci
encroaching spirit of that very Government,
securingtp it the undisputed right to eve
ry foot of ground it gains in its advances.
If the bank was ever unconstitutional, u
was so then, and must coutitiue so until
tiiat Constitution is altered by the only
means which has been provided. Hut the
bank ws chartered, and soon began to
show forth its natural fruits. Aftugh tar
iff for the protection of manufacturers, -a
process by which the Government is erivl
riched, and the nation impoverished, and
Which, i ii. thejiar ttcula r .rtatac-vas-wel
nigh rending' 4 asunder this noble confed
eracy, and polluting its sacred soil with
the miugkd blood of kinsmen meeting in
hostile array. Splendid schemes of. inter
nal improvement by the General tiovern -ment,
by which local bargains and legisla
tive log-rolling, acting bke gold upon the
Koina legions, jk-cidod who slniu id be el
evated to power, and who degraded : while
1 1 to people are reasoned with through their
sufferings, as to the mode in which they
shall exercise their sovereign prerogative
of election. ' x .
Fur the greater portion of the existence
of the late United States Bank, its mis
chievous tendency was vdry much restrain
ed by the want of concert between the ad
ministration of the Government and tho
administrators"?)? the" bank, but notwith
standing tho resistance which it thus met
with, it imperceptibly dretf after a Demo
cratic administration into the path along
which it naturally led. It was only du
ring the one term of the younger Adams
that an Kxccutivc, on whose co-operation
it might calculate, was in power, but, for
tunately for his country, so impracticable
was he in his disposition, that the finest
plot ever formed would be marred if at all
dependant for success upon his co-opcra-tiori.
"
I come now to tho. two trims of his re
vered successor. He found upotj coming
into power high tariff, internal improve
ment, and other -Federal abominations, in
full possession ofthe Capitol, introduced
by the Uiiitejdiatcs ,Bank, like another
Trojan Jiorse concealed within' her dark
andjeapacious bosom. ;
- penifusquo cavcrnas
Tjcntca uicftisino araal? giilite.cwiyhatf
.j.- -y - -wrr-mri- in ---"if.Mi''ii,ag--?F-r'
flic was not only a brave man, but a wise
one. His was that true heroism which
combines the most undaunted bravery with
the most consummate prudence, lie knew
well that it would not be afe to make an
open and direct attack upon these formi
dable and combined interests, but by the
most ingenious and refined strokes of pol
icy, he dealt first one, and then another,
some disabling blow, until he was so for
tunate as to hand them all over to the A
mcrican people, bound hand and foot, to
be dealt with by them according to their
pleasure. This it was which provoked a
gainst him tho hatred of the Opposition ;
this was the very head and front of his of
fending. He had cast their idols to the
moles and the bats, and cleansed the tem
ple of liberty of their polluting presence.
For this, they have pursued him with most
unrelenting vengeance long before his pres
idential term had closed, and even now,
when he has retired, liko another Cincin
natus, to his own peaceful hermitage, Ihe
hoarse baying of their ban-dogs breaks in
upon the stillness of that magic circle. 1
wil( not anticipate the time, now so near
at hand, when he will share ihe repose of
her who shared with him in life the calum
nies of the world. When" his shall be the
only apothehsis known to the Christian.
When his name shall be nothing but a
watchword to wake up the recollection of
noble deeds. When his tomb shall be a
sacred spot, whither each western travel
ler will turn aside from his path ; a shrine
where valor and patriotism will rekindle
their fires, and beauty anil purity offer the
jiearl of gratitude to their gallant defender.
But efforts arc making to re-establish in
their ancient niches those tutelary deities
of the Federal party which he hath cast
down, and efforts will continue to be made
until success thatl attend them or even
iiope becouuw dosjief ater We have beard
some description upon this floor of the
machinery employed : we have learned that
the United States Bank, in the. late appli
gatio'i.fof r;fwhartcjr deaiioga. wjtUi
members of Congress very similar to those
described by Mr. Jefferson, in by -gone
times- that the press ceaselessly poured
forth its venom and threaten ings upon the
heads of those who dared to oppose its re
charter, and that even the galleries of
Congress were filled with the myrmidons
of the bank, striving to overawe its delib
erations. And shall wc, with this experi
ence, with all our experience, again create
a tyrant to scourge us into submission ?
Shall we set n. a golden calf to draw of!
the: devotions of the people from princi
ples consecrated by the blood of their sires ?
Shall wc charter another United States
Bank 1 But I shall be told the substitute
does not propose the. charter of a United
States Bank. I know it does not in terms,
ttut its effect will be to produce that or a
similar result. The existence of an insti
tution with powers much more vast than
any heretofore enjoyed by a United States
Bin, will follow its adoption, as certainly
n the springing of the herbage upon the
showers of April. Either the United Slates
Bank, so called, at Philadelphia, will seize
npm the public treasure, and thus accoiu
plish the consolidation of the money power,
with a capacity for wielding it heretofore
iink.iown, or the honest Federalists and
he timid D inocrats, alarmed at its power,
will, upon the principle of setting back
tfre in a prairie to check the wide spread
ruin with which that raging clement is
already threatening them, unite in the char
ter of a United States Batik as thu, despe
rite but only remaining remedy- See what
power (hat institution possesses even now.
The other banks stand by, like trembling
duf, obediei ta4ts no
some the. payment of snecie as it com
manda. Whit will be its power, if the
substitute is adopted, and it possesses it
self, s it must do.thc public deposites ?
Whom it will set up, and whom it will de
stroy. Whichever of thoaiternativcl be
fore stated is adopted, the cliains will be
ibrgtyl which will bi ad the willsof , the
American people in fetters strongcrthan
iron. And when so bound, whither will
they be led? First, to bow down at the
feet of an aristocracy, and from thence at
the footstool of a king ; for the chrysalis
does not more certainly become a butter
fly,, than Government proceeds from one
gradation to another, until all power cen
tres in ono man, if there is no provision
made for resisting that tendency. Our
Constitution presents that resistance, while
it remains in its primary vigor,. but if sap
ped by the corrupting influence of money,
our security is lost. Tho Senator from
K'-ntucky (Mr. ClaV) with a candor
which does him credit, admits the coirupt
ing influence of money, and especially
when thafinfluence is ihrown abroad from
one great centre. But we re not limited
to the Senator for proof of this corrupting
influence. The. sacred sCrip'ures declare"
money to be the root of all evil. ..With the
ancient pagans rluto-was ranked among
the infernal goel3. He was not deemed
worthy 1o take his scat in the celestrial
throng : iris propensities were considered
tow and grovelling i he was of the earth
earthy. And of the tendency tf consoli
dated wealth in a bank to affec;t materially
the political action of a nation, and espe-,
cia'lly ' when that .bank is iU fiscal agent,
we have testimony ab hostc. A .writer in
the Edinburgh Renew, No. 1. o. 196, him-
self evidently a friend of the paper system,
says as follows :
44 If the Bank of England mint now bo
considered ob a national cstabiishnicnt, not ,
me.ely influencing, by the superior inapt
untitle of its capital, the state of commer
cial circulation, but guding its movement)!
aecording to views of public policy, an im
portant revolution bus taken place 6incr
Ihe first creation of that corporation as .
banking establishment. That power of
issuing the medium of exchange, with tho
opportunities it implies of varying its quan
tity and value, which, while precious coin
was in use, was exercised under the im
mediate prerogative of tho Qrdwn, is now
virtually vested in the governor and direr,
tors of the Bunk of England: In' the olli
cial character of that j)oard, some of tho
functions of sovereignty arc united to those -of
a trader and the opportunities of banking
profits are blended with a trust and chargo
of the public ir)4rc8t. It will bo pleasing
if ihcse shall prove more happily compati
ble than they have been found in other in
stances. The organization o( this cstab.
lislimcnt possessed of such means to con.
irol Ihe operations of commerce, as well aa
to f.utilitate the advance of financial sup
plies, may, into our political constitution,
nl-eady so-complicated, introduce a new a .
principle of action, the effect of which can
not be easily- discerned.
44 Perhaps an unbounded field will be op
ened for Ihe extension of ministerial influ
ence. IV i haps an unexpected control may
be gained to the people over tbe views and
measures of the Executive."
If such is to be effected in England,
where a strong Executive exists like. a
balance-wheel, to keep steady the action
of the Government, such as it is, what
must be the effect with us, where tho po.
litical action ia from belaWt from, the, grcit'
mass of Jhe people, upon wbftm Ihia pesti-.
leiitial influence may be brought to act in
the most subtle and imperceptible manner?
I wish I' eouhl say of this Rupublic as
Ixmiis of Franco did of hi monarchy :
Tbe- monarchy fs very old, but tt -wiU last
my time," This Republic is but fifty
years of age, but if something is not dono
to arrest the a corrupting influences abroad
among tbe people, it will sink into ruin
before, in the common courso of nature,
those who now fill these halls arc gathered
to their fathers. There was a time when
the American people despised appeals
made to their pockets, but now they have
learned' to listen.' Already are wc rc
iro.iched in Europe as a nation of mer
chants, whoso sordid souls arc always in
the market ; and the same ventable tnan
to "whom t rcfcircd in" a former part of my
address, remarked to me, with honest in
dignation in his countenance, that be nev
er doubled the stability of our institutions
until he found so large a portion of our
tcoplc calculating ihe value of exchanges.
Nothing marks so strongly the decline of
that vigorous virtue which makes a nation,
as when the barter begins of principle for
gold, as when men and measures commend
themselves to the public favor by the lux
urious splendor with which they are in.
vested. How fallen was Athens from its
Democratic purity and provincial bravery
when the talented and. accomplished but
corrupt Pericles scattered abroad the pub
lic treasure in buying up the hearts of tho
people. He threw around them tho m.i.
gic chain of pleasure, dazzled them with
magnificent public works, instituted ex
pmsive games, pampered their appetite?,
and s eeped them in sensual enjoyments
Xor were the lino arts neglected j every -thing,
in short, was done, and that qt tho
public expense, for fitting thcih to throve
themselves, as they did in two or three. -
ip. Liool; to tlie itotnan Kepuulic. Yucn
Fabriciuiis despised the gold of Pyrrhus,
44 Rome," it was said, 44 seemed like one
great temple, and ihe Senate like an as
sembly of many kings." What a different
picture did it present when even the treach
erous Jugurtha, disgusted with its cupidi
ty, declared that ihe whole people but
waited for a purchaser. There was a time
Lwhcn three poor America.! youths, (I al-
luaeto the captors of Major Andre,) turn
ed a thmf e ir to every appeal, made to heir
interest oTxtheir ambition, when the wel
fare or honoroftheir country Was at stake.
But that time- ifear is passing away.
Brennus, the hardy fjHul, has been alluded
to in this debate, whowhen the Roman
quaestor was weighing out t&xold which
was to purchase immunity frotnhis rava
ge., thiew his sword into the scale "with a
rte vii-Us woe to tho conquered. Bui;
when the American citizen is balancing
in the scales of reason some great pub
lic measure, the bank director sh6ys hitU
his note with a frown, and a woe to the,
refractory. The heart of the -unfortunate
man quails, hi.s brain reels, his hand trem
bles, and that Scale .preponderates into
which his 'mperious master thinks proncr
to, cat his- piper. Oh, tliat eorne 'ihoJ-
crn. Camil us would come with, the Amcr-
ican irgjons, and rlrivc these Gauls not
only from the Capitol, but from the coun-
try for if their threads arc continued, wo
sliaJJ .finally be nduccd to a bondage, tvcit
worse than Gallic. '
Sir", I bay little hope that the paper jts-
tern, will be soon arrested. Standing . Ijcru
I have no- right '"o projusse or advocate any '
measure for the accompUsbmeot of that ob-
aw.
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