V"L. I "i
NO. io.
v.
..-.4-.J.
THE PATRIOT,
la printed and publisheil Meekly hy
7 EARLY STltAJW.E,
At Two Dollar per annum, pay
able within three month from the
receipt of the first number, or Three
Jjollan after the expiration of that
time.
,1,' ADVER1TSKMBN TS A ,
Not exceeding 10 lines, neatly in
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33 cents for every succeeding publi.
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same proportion Letters to the Edi
tor must, be post paid. ' v
Remarks on the Constudon and Man
agement of Cattle Yards.
. " " Br J . B I" UE Li" OF" 'A L B A N f -" '
Vegetables, like animals, cannot
thrive or subsist without food; and
upon the quan'ity and quality of this
depends the health and vigor of the
vegetablo aa well as of the animal.
Both subsist upon animal and vegeta
ble matter; both may be surfeited with
iexeesi, both maybe injured by food
ifot adapted to their habits, iheir ap
Dniiea. or their digestive powers. A
hoe will receive no injury ,, but great 'means of every farmer ofofdinarv en
benefit, from free access to a heap ofiterprise; and that my suggestions may
corn or wheat, wtiere a norse or cow doi ue deemed Ueoretieal, I will add.
will be apt to deftry thmevea .oy tnat I "practise what I preach.'
the boughs and hark of
the hoc would starve.
ful robust maze will repay, in the in- walls, or clone board feoees, should
crease of it grain, for a heavy d'ess- be erected at leant on tho east and
ing of stroog dang; for which theLwest sids, to shelter the entile from
xn re delicate wneai win requiie you
The po-
which is essentialVto the-r beuUlr
vigour: J2 need consuls as mu:
food as a useful plant. This, to h
ure, is the dark side of the picture;
yet the original nifty be found in every
town, und in alnot every neighbor
houd. It it surprising, that under suoh
management, our arable gr und should
grow -poor, and refuse to labour' its
uecustomed reward? Can it he con
sidered strange, that t'.nse who thus
neglect to feotf 4fteir, pltnts, should
leel tbe evil of tfghf crops? Comtant
draining or evaporation, without re
turning any thing, would in time ex
haust the ocean of its water. A con
stant cropping of the soil, without
returning any thing to it, will in like
manner exhaust it of its vegetable
food, and gradually induce sterility
Neither sand, clay," lime or magnesia
which are the elements of all soiU
nor any combination of -part or all
?CJ?mi ORecapabTe DproiItte
ing healthy plants. It is.the animal
and vegetable matter accumulated
upon its bosom, or whieh art deposits
there with (he auxiliary aid of these
materials diffused in the atmosphere
that enables the earth to team with
vegetable life, and yield its tribute to
man and hast
1 will now; suggest a cheap, and
practicable mode of providing fond
for vegetables, commensurate to the
Upon this plan, from en to twelve
loads of tinfermented manure u.ay h
obtained every spring for each animal:
mid if the stable manure it Vpread
overllfo yard, the quality of the duug
wllle Improved, and (lie quanliiy
proportitiuably increased. Any ex
cess of liquid thai may remain after
'ho dung is removed in the spring,
can bf profitably applied to gras,
grain'or garden crops. It is osed ex
tensively in Flanders, and in other
pariHitrtine'L . ... -'i-:
"Having explained my method of
procuring and preserving tbe food of
vegetables, will proceed to state my
practice in feeding or applying it it
is given, every spring, to such hoed
crops as wiH do well upon coarse
food, (thy vegetable hogs and gnats.)!
These are corn, potatoes, rut a bags,
beans and cabbages. ThesiTc rituinc
the coarser particles of the manure,
which VvouIJ have been lost during
plough, harrow and hoe eradicate the
weeds which spring from the seeds it
scatters. The finer parts of the food
are preserved in the soil, to nourish
the small groins whieh follow. The
dung is spread upon the laod as even
ly at possible, and immediately turned
under with the plough. It is thereby
better distributed for thelnext crop,
and becomes intimately mixed and in
eorporated with (he . soil by subse
quent tillage. Thus, upon the data
which I feel warranted n assuming.
a farmer who keeps twenty horses and
with verv little but straw
tao feeds ravenously, and grows lux-
uriently, upon the coarsest litter;
while many of the more deader exo
tie will thrive only on food upon
whieh fermentation has exhausted its
ipowers. But hero tbe analogy stops:
-rfqr wliile the loon oi our i bu
Vaun' ed in a soond, healthy, and gen
erally solid state, the food of the o
ther, before it becomes aliment, must
tir-'erero the process of putrefaction
or 'ecomposilion, and be reduced to a
liquid or temorm state.
I have gone J into the analogy be
tween anironls and vegetables thus
far, to impress upon the minds of oui
farmers the importance of saving, and
of applying, the food of their vegeta
bles with the same core and economy
that they do the f"d of their animals
How scrupulously careful is the good
husbandman of the. produce-of his
farm, destined to nourish and fatten
his animals: and vet how often care
less of the food which can alone
nourish and mature his plants! While
his Gelds are gleaned and bit grain,
hay and roots carefully housed, and
economically disposed to his animals,
TirrTomniT
fa waste on every part of his farm.
cold windn and storms th itp nrn
portioned to the stock to be kept in it.
Excavate the centre in a concave
form, placing the earth removed upon
the edge- or lowest sides, leaving the
borders ten or twelve feet bro id, and
qf horizontal level, to feed the stock
upon, aud frm two to five feet higher
man the centre. 1 his may be doue
with a plough and scraper, or ahovel
and hand-barrow, after the ground i
broken uptwith the plough. I uped
the former: and was employed n day
and a half, with two baud and a
team, in filling two to my mind When
the soil is not sufficiently compact to
i.old water, the bottom should be bed'
ded with six or .eight inches of ely,
well beat down and rovered with gra
vel or sand. This last labour is e
dom required, except where tlie
ground is very porous. My yards aTe
constructe d on a sand loam, renting course. I shall eve
'
prodoet
sty. With this he may maoure anou
ally ten or twelveacre of corn, pota
toes, &c. and nianure it well. And if
a pr per rotation of crops is adopted,
he will be able fo keep in good heart
and progressively to improve, sixlv
Here of tillage land, so that eaef
field shall be manured once evry fur
or fire years, on rhe return of the
corn and potato crop.
.From Rio Janeiro. We have been
favored with the follow ing extract of
a letter, received yesterday, dated U.
S. Ship Cy ube, Hio Jaoerio, May
27th, 18201
"We arrived here on the 20lh inst,
fourteen days from Montevideo.
Probubly you will be anxious to learn
every thing in relation to tho war in
this country, and I know of nothing
that would gratify me more, were I
placed in a kimilur situation, than a
correel statement of facts concerning
i0g4he subject which; as matter of
In the first in
with, but ofliTed to receive one from
him, J n a few mioutes, two boats
from the squadron came aboard. The
ollner informed us we could not go
tip to B. Ayres. Captain Ellilt said4
he was hound there, and would go up.
The officer aked the Cap'aju if he
would go down to the Admiral (dis
tant one m le at anchor.) The Cap
tain refused. 'I lie boats then left the
ship. A few signals passed between
the Admirarjuid utherVeseli, and
immedfatelv the Corvettes and tiris
cimvlthio ' UiK iDaptairi Elliot
naiieu. ana wisiied in kiiow ii tney nan
aby more to say. The reply was not1"
distinctly heard. We tilled away,
mude sail, and stood up the river iu
avdjiy souaofi aqi aivs 0J9)
'ftajiCy soudny ui pjANjy aauid
navy, whieh consists of one nUip,
mounting 23 guns, one barque of eigh
teen, three brigs, one schooner, and
te& -gunboats, commanded by Com
wodotf I)tftti;ii:ye
as will appear hereafter It wl bo -well
to mention here that the Brazil
ians have a pquadron in the river of
seventy-one sail of pendants, under
the commaooof Admiial Lobos Tho
blockading squadron is. lhirtyr miles
above Montevideo, and about ono
hundred and fifty below Buenos Vy-
res. While we were in Buenos Ay-
res-, Commodore Brown, with him ship,
bacque, and three brigs, pot under -way,
proceeded down' the river, pas
sed the blockade, and arrived off Mon
tevideo A frigate 'is kept here to
guard the port. She slipped her ca-
inn tr m. ;
was beat'
ii
io, anil took shelter under the lee of ft:
British frigate, and thus put an end'
to the action. Brown arrived at Bue
nos Ayres slightly injurjed. We
stopped here ten days on our return,
tatuted Admiral Lobos, which was
returned by him, gun for gun.
At Mou'evideo were two Frigates
just arrived from this place, one forty -four,
aad-die other thirty-six guos.
The forty four is called the Impera
trice, or Empress. On the 23ih alt.
the blockading squadron came into
.Montevideo,, amounting to nineteen
sail, among them one frigate, five cor
vcttes, four brigsi and remainder
schooners. On the 27 tb ultimo, at
about thirty minutes pajt 11 o'clock
at night, Commodore Brown came
dowu with bis ship, barque and three
brigs commenced an attack upon the
squadron The Imperatrice drew
hit attention, and he gave it to her.
Old Lobos, with bis squadron, slipped
tllpir mKIps ntwt ctnnrf mi llA fin am
-j We weighed anchor, and stood dowrj
States papers, that the Patriots were
in po sses s ion o f Mo nte video, whfc h
is incerrect. It is besieged by (ens
than one thousand Buenos Ayrean or
Patriot "Cavalrv, and garrisoned by
between three and four thousand Im
perialists, and the mount ivbich com
urine of th stock, which constitutes
a moity of the manure of animals, is
all lost. The slovenly and wastefol
practice of feeiling at slacks in lh
(ields whero the sole of the grass is
broken; tho fodder wasted, and the
dune of Bute effect, is still pursued.
And fiually, the little manure whichyanl, and, becoming incorporated
does accumulate in the yards, is suf iWith the exerementilious mnftfr, d .li
on a clay subsoil Here should he
annually deposited, as they can be
conveniently collected, he weeds,
coarse grass and brake of the firm
nrid also the pumpkin vines and pota
to tops. The quantity of these upon
a farm is very great, and are eo lected
and brought to the yard with little
TnroblpiiyhTO
the fields. And here also should be J one thousand Imperialists.
leil out. or strewed as litter, the bav.
stalks and liukft of Indian Corn, pea
and bean haulm, and the straw of
grain not wanted in the utabls. To
till further augment tbe mass, leach
ed ashes and swamp earth may be
added to great, advantage, 1 hese
material wilt absorb the liquid of the
i i i 1 ' . - :
tVred t'oTay 1 at 1 it ha lost foil haf,e the ordinary quantity of manure
it fertilizing properties, or rotte'd the; During tho continuance of frost, the
wills of the barns when it is injurious ex avation gives no inconvenience)
'ly applied, or the barn removedlo get anj wj.en the weather' i soft, the
v;!ear of the nuinancc. Again--none f)or,, r, afor, ample room lur the ca'
tmt a slothful farmer will permit the j0. , way tj,e rjne n 8aved,
ilocki of his neighbours to rob his and the waste incident to rains. 8tc.
Wn of their food: yet f .5Ji J? ' P.!?!,11'" -The.(tatlc alio.uj.d.JbeJkjen;t.
Tilt w it la feehl e"olTorl s t o "prevenT it , coosfariri v v ardeif In "win t er. es ; e'en t
his plants smothered by pestiferous ivlien oqt to vvater. and the yard
tvtcds, and plundered of tlte food frequeuty replenished with dry titter.
stance, I perceived in the United ' a short distance, to gel out of reach
time Lobos was streaking it off as fast U
as canvass would carry IiimBrowDt
nauted oil aud stood up the river with
little damage; it is said that Brown
afterwards took some small vessels.
nrand fi tr?nc iy-i rgntr
since, arrived at Montevideo in two,
where we stopped two days, tok a
pilot on board, weighed anchor at
miJnight, and proceeded with a light
breeze up the. river. At day-light
diseovereil the Brazilian blockading
squadron ahead, at anchor, dutatit
three leagues; consisting of one fri
gate, four eorvettes. four brigs, and
six or eight schooners. Cleared, ship
for action, n our approach, and beat
to quarter Two coi vettes, and three
brign made sail und stood for us. One.
of the corvettes, mounting no guns
enrne within hail. ' Copt. Elliott
bailed,, utid was informed that li e
iquadrqii was b'ojkading Buenott Ay
fci i and , wn t rcq u cs t ed t o send -mi f
boat aboard tbo Admiral's, ...which
Captain Elliott refused to comply
of the shot, lhe aclio.n continued
ono -ioot and 40 minFlcsTAt this
the morning, and took a survey as I "
pn I ltd 'wroruirdf rr8 brwa stne TfrnrachTT
cut up in hull, rigging, and spars. j
The commanding otlicer informed mo V ,
that the Captain was killed, and
three men, and eight wounded but
there must have been 'oeshund'ed
killed and wound d at least F ur
days after the blockading srjtiudrott
camo down, and anchored at fcunrne.
B'owu was discovered. with his I'M tie
squadron,. 1 he admiraj made signal
all got under wav, tl' t'vo frigates
in chiding, made sail, ind (Om) fof
Hrou ji, ulio 'went about," 'flhd,fttrpd
up the river. An action was Com
menced between Brown's nnle t ip
and a fr idley, w hich relieve d by the
qiadrnn. Browc made 'IT Wliat
I have rtlatiui aro.-la.cti: wUul JJhjav
not been an ey witness. to, 1 have re-'
ccived from, njen of undoubted vera-
tvivJk ' 1--- - u. .A.. ..,Aru. - .k j.j jv ... ' ... . . .
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