... n,i'rm;M jr taKMTAiiV a inir.
NO
'art
.
0
vm. ' ..nit proper, that the State should lenience, we. o useless, because
ViSS PATRIOT, ' contribute somewhat to the diminu rors night be committed? 1 d - noi
X aiJ ? ...... , .,Uni.iP. dr m -iah. the nu die
klv bv tion ot mm ouraea, wmcu, w pan. , ; r . .
it has created. Ana wmie u exaui w..v - i -
and expects obedience and support when it can be avoided. But a pru
from the citizens In its laws artd in- dent, though unfortunate manage
stitutions, i. should give ihem theop men t may be lamented, although .i
poitunity to appreciate their privi- should not be blamed. W hen 11 is
leges and improve their condition. onsidered that th-re is already a
The leas' reflection will satisfy us, luno heated, (the Cherokee Lauds,)
that re ding, writing, and the com and our fellow citizens will not
mm rul a of arithmetic are highly probably be burdened with atlditio..,
e ndnlr , the healthy action oi al tales, il i3 most respectfully sub-
T . -. i . .
ur trovernment. founded, as it is. mittcd, Whether a judicious -y
upon the supremacy, Hnd executed of Internal Improvements,
ht ti, t ti, twuuiln- And not be prosecuted? In coi
they unquestionably contribute more with this subject it may be veil to
largely to the individual bene- mention, that under the pro visions
lit and morality of the body of the, of the several acts, prescribing the
people, than the branches of srvcremod of surveying and selling-the
science usually taught to our estab- land acquired by treaty from the
VAinlat niiMii this Cherokee Indian, four sales at nuU-
.itW 4 suiriff-t, f-hetrlwve- t-emekHhat lie auction have . nee had,., and the
-biV of-Mrth'Gttrdiuu?'- ..V :.l...ir :.. u.. o,.;.V- most valuable (and di nosed-of. It
, Mir VPII1MI.'IMI linillllll 'in. nivii-Fn .
t priiiit.il mid published wee
T. EMILY STUA.YGE,
At wo Ih.oars per annum, payable within
, tim e monihs from the icceipt of the firs
numbc r, or Three Dollars after the eXpi-
rsiion of ihat time.
$o paper io be di ntinued uiv il U arrear.
mgi s are pud, ui.iss at the option ot the
EUitoij and a ta.lure to no ify a discontin.
Uance will be considered a new engage-
AbVEllTIsEMEXrS,
jot exceeding 6 It ie,.uatly iiieried thret
tune lor one duilar, and 25cenU for eve
ty succeeding publ.caiion; tbe ot'grea.
er length m (the same proportion Let.
ters to Atie Editor must b- post paid.
bOV'kUiN Oil's Mtfi6i.iGl.
m
i . . .
MU -U.U
connection
Okntlemkh.- Although we have
?oniiiiuYl during Hie past year, m
"the" unin'.ej iupifd ehjVment all
ou- civil uid religious privileges;
e'. tht diastftiiMg hand of an oil
se piovidence lias borne ht avl.
n !articulav sectnms of out' StaU .
Mhrthr the injury nusiaiiied b) the
Iht'- untowered seas ms, is f oag
III! u do suineieut, to merit your in
teiferenv'". is a ,qu;tiu.. submi led
Vjntiely to your 1im reti tn.
tlicving it universally admitted,
ihat the existence of free goiern
dents ikpftKls upn the virtue and
iMelligeirce xif the geat body of the
people; and that' then are also, the
sources of individual comfort and
ltMMfaSrt''' H'''Tmto?."u hi Vur
time in ieCAting arg'.m nts s ofin
adduced, to shew-ie necessity of
riilfusing the benefi sof education w
tl ng the poorer las of our t' I i w
citizens. Rut, permit me to call
y.uir attcniion to a clause in our
S'ate Constitution, which rn forces
the obligation, o giving to this sub-
iect your Serious consideration. If I
Is this. A school or schooU kIihII
be established by the Legislature of
this State, for the convenient in
btrucii.in of youth, with uih sala
ries to the masrei , paid by the pub
lie. as rosty enab tlnm to ins! run
H? iowj-ifVs AH useful learning
shatf he 'duly cnM iir aged, and pro.
Wted in. one or more Universities."
rJ' e latter branch of tl.ii coustitu-
k..i...-u ,ii ..nli iit.nii-Pil ix believed. hiwever, that the lauds
the obligation, but has BUggted an. remaining unsold, ai of sutliclent
nnpoiMin mean f r the execu:in of value, to be well worthy the atti n-
tin inunction. ti-n ot the Legislature. It is sub-
Ue ..enents resulting from a well mittrd to your discretion, to dete. -
regulated and properly '".ndnrtrd nittir vvhat dispo-iili q shall be made
svste i .1 Inten.al I a: prove me nts. of them. It isobv.ously the ioler
in a country like ours, ure too ap- est of the State, and more imu.e-
parent. ton quire many remarks to diately of the citizens of that sec-
prove their importance. Let us,'foi Hon cl the State, that they should
instance. Confine .tu'rHelves to the forthwith he brought into market,
lim ts-t North-Carolina, and mark tinee their value is ' continual! di-'
her sitaaf.on at this time. We all minihing, by tretipaiserg, who de
kMo .hat in particular sections jmber we;ir "ul
the State, the greatest distress is at "1 "a l
... , Hwued h u.akc god citizens or nuiot
present apprehended, nmontr the -,V hether M wil! be ad,
poorer clas- of our fellow citiz ns, v;ilU l0 htB lh an,arTeyed land,
troui the deficience ot the van-ius r,n u ftnt, uh ,f, lllrv,ve( 14ll(jH
'r'r'7;slVn;nging fnmi sntirsea, wnich Kllain,aed f, :.flWed at publie aue
it is unnecessary to Investigafe. We tio0i t onen nn entry ollice umie.
als'kriow, that it. Otlitr seci.ms, luitable regoUtions, are tobjepu
the usual .productions were never i vhib ivill properly fllaiui your coo-
iid.r.i n. lieore we take leave
this nuhject, you will pardon me fu
'fhiii" ?er. (iei ur? Lv :ngniii ratling vour - attention in in
... a. 1.1.1
n.i.0. tu i,t..r.. i reciRimina ot our Mwarnu innu i
mini I'". ii w. I. -j
more abun!ant. From the rrat
variety of 'soil and climate, may not
me ask then, what is the propers;
lemeov 1tr buch evils? Can there be
anv other answer iriven lhan -fa.
cilitate the intercourse between the
different sections of t ! State.' In
other words, open your water cours
es, repair your old roads, and make
tiewonra. Make them, what they
should he, cheap and convenient me
diums of social intercourse! Then
the failure of crops in some lew
c unties would not have the effect
(rfthrining a population, already ..no
tioal injunction has lot.g since been ' much scattered and diminished,
complied with, by your predecessors. Rut the redundant fulnees of some
it hel eved to be a subject, iu which
m
the Stale if deeply interested Ifihe
StnlM have the power of regulating
their own internal police, if the)
have the power of instituting precau
tion ?Trlht prenervation of the
heallh jand live1 of their citizen, cao
there be a doubt of the powei t
tei npoo lhi ubj-et? What eao
l ay the tile of emigration, now flow
ing totb west, but tho improvnnieui
of our Male? 1 here ca b- bui lit
tie doubt, that (he undertaking would
ii o L prove hurdf tHontt', but would ra
ther direct 1? and :reatly enhance
WW
w... ff ? .. . . , . -.ii.. the nreat revenue wile It would
W e have an Lmveisity in a prog, parts, might conveniently be dr iwn 1 , . , , - . ..
pcious Kndiuon, with competent
funds. Hut, as to the former, and
no less important blanch, concent
ing s' liof Js it is to be lamented,
thaf from he formation of the Con
tdi'ution, until the last session ol the
General Assembly, (a period of for
ty nine years,), nothing whatever
has been done. The lust Leg'sla
tue commenced the important work;
bin if that beginning is not well sus
tained and pursued, the present gen
eration may pass away, before any
thing effectual Is accomplished
IMany enlightened persons believe,
that it is mote difficult for an . indi
vidual in ordinary circums'aoces, to
obtain for his child, at thig time,
the common rudiments of education,
than it was at ihe period when our
Constitution was adopted. This
i ir . . i .
increased auncuirv originates, in
part, from the incfeased demand
which (he exigencies of government
have made upon the .esources of in
dividuah and Ihe enhancement of
the necessaries Hf suhsistPiife. tt
appears, therefore) peculiarly just
off. to fructifv and suntilv ltss lor
unate situations. Th-ro is ever
reason to believe, that at the pre
sent time, grain and other necessity
art idea would not command, more
than their ordinary price, were it
not for the great diffiiculty of trans
portation. Those who arc, fortu
nately the venders of produce this
year, may be purchasers the next.
It behooves the people of every part
of the State, maturely to consider
this subject. It is franldy admitted,
that money has been,, perhaps un
nessanly expended, at the com
mencement of undertaking. But is
not this, the fate of all human un
dertakings, without the benefit of
the State, improve the health of our
citizons, and relieve our territory
from a melancholy blot on its geo
graphical appearance As to the
particular works which have been
carried on, during the past year, their
progress &c. will be detailed in an
other eommnnieatioo.i
Some of our mott enlig tenod fellow
eitizoa are of opinion, that the crim
inal code ii ausceptibln of improve j
rm aii . , a rT
ment. nut would oe attained, oy
leaviug it discretionary with the pro
per jurisdiction!, to substitute either
the tread-mill, or work homo, instead
of the present modes of pnniaiioiear,
for petty ottenees, by tine, imprison
meut and stripes. T'je assertion can
lBfnriMlv hf dutilitAd. that iu the Iieih-
experience? Is there an individual,; borhood of our towns and villages,
who for the first time; has opened a within the last few yars, the com
plantation or built him a house, who mission of crimes is much more frc-irt.n.aU..ai-il.lxlosA--Cftnvinced-
thai quent than formerly. I'hF preenr
he has committed many errors, and modes of punishment, especially by
expended money uselessly? What imprisonment, which is uiost geoera!
t hen would hn thnti?ht of the rea- Iv inflieted, present feeble, very feeble
ionin. which should eravelv con cheeky to their multipDcations, arid!
' ry :j .. -
Cltlde
so much
that these things, which add i l"'te, either to an
ch to our comfort and cin.," "f the CU,PJ'U,, raor'
a mend -j
or to
produce a wholesome n tluenee on o-
ther wrong-doers. At lb ume ume
the neral insolvency of such eff-o-ders,'teavilv
neeuuiulatcs the rhH.ges
of proseeulions upon the dift rtnt
counties. One of the present nmde,
of punishmeht, that of whtppug. es
pecially where mranness enters into
the commission of (he crime, I es
teem a valuable feature iu vur crimi
nal eode. Ihe propriety of extrud
ing it to some uii demeanors, at pres
ent punishable by fine and imprison
ment, particularly ro the ch of.
fraudulently trading with slav s, ii
resptetloil) submiited to your consid
eration. 1 doubt aot, that the us of
the tread-mill and w rk bouse, whero
such establishments were found prac
ticable, and were well orgamz d. and
conducted, would contribute largely
to .the effleent administrat ion of eriiii
inal juticet to the reformalion t of
IVuders, aa.d -sensibly diminish the
charges oi' projcu44on, by the. profit
of the estab ish ents. The present'
mode of coti.nensatine; our losecu-
ting o tlicer, appears to me objeriiou
able is it uot the policy aud duty
of evers wie and liberalgovenime.il,
a well to protect tbe innocent ua to
ti i$)ir "he guilty? Caa ii be right and
just, (hat t e conipeuHutionrOf iheso
g.-i.i men, shou d. in great degree,
depend upon eonvici'on? Is il not
their niteiest to convict, whether the
accused be iuiiueent or guilty? Aud,
.however respectable, slid the nro
bo', men! liable to all the weakness?
which tleh is heir In " and enpfbla
of being iatluence I by all the consid
erations, which influe ee human ty.
vVoutd it not bo preferahlfl, th it they
should enjoy Hxed salaries, thai re
iiuviag alt UMipatior to persecution,
and ii)aket lh-ir present fev p'y hle
to tie county trustees and Htate
rresury, as reimhuraements? Tfiat
h re ate o her defects in our judicia
ry Mstern. cannot e i uxly e doubl
ed, but wheiht r they are of 'ha d
seriptiou, which require legislative
interl'eraoee. or sue1" as are incM n to
all human in-litjuioii, you alone aro
competent to decide
I herewi h 'rvnumi' you a commu
nication from V rinont, enclosing a
resolution of then (ieneral Assembly,
fur your concurrence Ii a, in sob
tane. that slavery is tin evil t
deprecated 'y a free and enlightened
people; aud, declaring that their (Gen
eral Assembly will concur in any
m'-AMiires. which may be ndnpff-d by
the general government, for its aholi.
ih.ii m the United States, that may bo
consistent with the rights ef the peo
ple and the general harmony: This
is an addition I instance, indicating,
thai Slates like individual, may fall
into the common error of believing,
that they bet er understand, xod with
more skill and to greater advantage
could manage the eoncerus of others,
lhan they display in their owu trans,
actions. The reason is obvious: They
take but a partial and imperfect view
of another s affairs, ithout the ad
vantage of being possessed of the
whole ground. May not this be the
itilafSnn "nf iKo nnn.ilav linlflinr.
States, and can they not, without
transcending th modesty of nature,"
fairly presume, that this suhjer. in
all its bearings, is fully understood
in tho South? It becomes every Htate.
ati'1 people, to be peculiarly alive to
every circumstance, which may
threaten their exist nee; and Jo pro
vide every p ecautioo, .again any
emergency tto whieh they may be ex
posed. 1 repeat but a common truim,
but one appreciated by oyerj wjpe.r
pe'Vide lti,at peae istbe timelo
prt parf for war" From foreign fbree,
r internal insurrection, we are in
deed proreetpdh constitutional pro
vision. Bra it does no? become. ,ui. '
to n lileei 4iur renoorees orjnverlriofcr
tbe peculiarity of our situation, in
i '