HENDERSON
gateway to
CENTRAL
CAROLINA
twenty-fourth year
___
HULL FEARS CRASH
FOR EUROPE UNLESS
CHANGES ARE MADE
Secretary Fears Economic or
Military Catastrophe
There Within Next
Two Years
IMMEDIATE WAR IS
THOUGHT UNLIKELY
Speaks at Boston Confer
ence on Distribution and
Discusses Trade Pacts With
Other Nations; Says U. S.
Will Stay Out if War Does
Come
Boston, Mass., Sept 20.—(AP)—Sec
retary Hull said today that unless
economic readjustment were made
within the next two years, Europe
faced an economic or military catas
trophe, but added he was confident
the United States would not become
involved in any war.
The secretary of state, at a press
conference prior to a luncheon speech
at a Boston conference distribution,
said that, despite his views as to
what might happen in the future, un
less changes were made, he saw no
immediate threat of war in Europe.
An active proponent of reciprocal
trade pacts as a pathway to peace,
Hull lashed out at critics of his trade
program. He asserted the critics of
his program were the same people
who assured business and labor just
before the 1929 depression that there
would be perpetual prosperity in this
country.
Declaring that Europe’s structure
at this time was unsound, Hull said a
critical problem would be presented
when millions n9W engaged in arms
manufacture abroad were thrown out
of employment.
No extreme measures were contem
plated, he said, under the administra
tions reciprocal trade program, add
ing that the rates in the pacts would
not be high enough to be called em
bargoes, or low enough to injure dif
ferent parts of this country.
Madrid Is
Shelled By
Insurgents
Madrid, Sept. 20 (A!P)— Insurgent
artillery shelling of Madrid was resum
ed early tonight after many weeks of
comparative quiet in this sector. The
shelling began after the agricultural
building of University City had been
destroyed by government-placed dyna
mite mines that shook the city.
The explosions, some of the heaviest
heard in Madrid in many months, de
stroyed remaining walls of the build
ing and exposed insurgent machine
gun locations, which were wiped ou
by government fire.
The surprise attack started a fur
ious battle which continued after
nightfall in the University City sector,
where insurgent units still have a
foothold, and the sound of rifle fire
was supplemented by the booming o
insurgent artillery.
Roosevelt
Asks Better
Distribution
President Urges
Boston Conference
To Tackle Problem
Facing Nation
Boston, Mass., Sept. 20 (AP)—-Pres
ident Roosevelt, in a letter to tne
Boston conference on distribution,
day asked correction of a “condition
under which the people of one sec
tion of our country are smothered witn
over-production of' raw materials an
goods while the people of another sec
tion who are in dire need of them.
The President declared economic
distribution of the products of our
fields and factories” was “at the very
base of our planning for future
perity,” and also was a factor in „ e "
guarding the peace of the wort .
“The economic distribution of
products of our fields and factories a
home and abroad lies at the very t> as ®
of our planning for future prosperity,
the President wrote. “It is also a *a®"
tor in safeguarding the peace of t
world.” . ..
“Our progress in developing th
technique of vast production through
mechanical and scientific processes is
an outstanding marvel, but we have
not kept pace with this in finding
ways and means of correspondingly
reducing cost charges between the pro
ducer and the consumer,” • _ _ —*.
Datlir Dtsuairb
leased wire service of
the associated press.
Penn. Klan Backs
Black For Court •
York, Pa.. Sept. 20.—(AP)—The
Hhix Klan of Pennsylvania
sent to its high command today its
vote of support to President
Roosevelt the controversy stir
red by Senator Hugo Black’s ap
pointment to the Supreme Court.
In white robes and hoods, the
klansmen and their women folks
talked over the “Black incident” at
their State convention.
The grand dragon, who said he
was a southeastern Pennsylvania
business man, but that his name
could not be disclosed, acted as
spokesman. He announced that it
was the feeling of “delegates from 1
65 of the 67 counties in Pennsyl
vania” that the klan should sup
port the President’s action “four
square.”
Legion Body
Hears Pleas
For Liberty
#
Gov. Lehman
Speaks; Colmery
Demands Inde
pendent Judiciary
In U. S.
New York, Sept. 20.—(AP) —Twenty
thousand Legionnaires and visitors
packed into Madison Square Garden
for the opening session of the Amer
ican Legion convention today and
heard Governor Herbert H. Lehman*
of New York, urge “continuation of
the fight for our great principles of
democracy and liberty.”
Harry Colmery, of Topeka, Kans.,
retiring national commander of the
Legion, presided. His report warning
of the Nazi influence in America, and
calling for protection of the Constitu
tion, and for an independent judi
ciary, high-lighted the day’s program.
The national champion Legion band
of musicians Post No. 394 of St. Louis,
Mo., touched off patriotic fervor with
strains of martial music, and Miss
Lucy Monroe, opera star, sang the
“Star Spangled Banner.”
The Massachusetts color guard, at
the call of Commander Colmery ad
vanced the national colors while the
packed galleries sat tense.
Besides Governor Lehman, Mayor
Fiorelle H. Laguardia, of New York
City, and Major General James C.
Harboard, president of the American
Legion 1937 convention corporation,
made welcoming addresses.
The Los Angeles delegation, mak
ing a strong bid for the 1938 con
vention, distributed lierature urging
choice of the California city, and let
loose with a .barrage of 30,000 oranges
caught by the delegates.
N- SK
Crop Prices Above National
Figure, But Livestock
Is Lower
Dally Dispatch Bureaa,
In the Sir Walter Hotel.
Raleigh, Sept. 20—The North Caro
lina farmer gets far more for his crops
than does the average grower in tne
United States, although he gets con
siderably less for the livestock he
raises. •
These facts stand out from an in
spection of figures compiled and re
leased by the Cooperative Crop Re
porting Service through Frank Park
er, agricultural statistician of the U.
S Bureau of Agricultural Economics,
on duty with the N. C. Board of Ag
riculture, and W. H. Rhodes, assoc
ate agricultural statistician of the
State Board of Agriculture.
Crop prices paid the North Caro
lina farmer as of August 15,
with those paid the average United
States farmer as follows in the case
of some of the important crops:
Corn, N. C. $1.05 per bushel, U. S.
$1.03; wheat $1.17 for N. C., 99 cents
for U. S.; oats, 55 cents for N. C. to
29 cents tor U. S.; barley, * *® r
N. C. to 52 cents for U. S.; al falfa hay,
$20.30 per tm for N. C. to $10.23 for
U *And so on all along the line. North
Carolina crop prices are below the U.
S. average only in a few cases such as
buckwheat, sweet potatoes and apples.
On the other hand the average: U. S.
farmer gets $11.46 per 100 pounds for
hisMiogs, the North Carolina raiser
gets but $10.70. Beef cattle averages
Continued os Page Five.).
ONLY DAILY NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN THIS SECTION OF NORTH CAROLINA AND VIRGINIA.
HENDERSON, N. C., MONDAY AFTERNOON, SEPTEMBER 20, 1937
ACRE LIMITS FOR
FEDERAL FIGURES
Four Special “Goals” Set for
Different Types of To
bacco Grown by
Farmers
LIMITS ALSO FIXED
UPON OTHER CROPS
Cotton and Peanuts Would
Be Restricted Under Ptorn
for Crop Control of 1938;
E. YJFloyd, N .C. State Col
lege Expert, Reveals State
Totals
Washington, Sept. 20.—(AP) —To-
bacco growers learned today of acre
age liniiis established by the Agri
culture Department for their 1938
crop under the Department’s conser
vation program.
Secretary Wallace set four special
“goals” for tobacco farmers for dif
ferent types, as well as different pay
ment rates for staying within these
goals.
The acreage limit, compared with
averages from 1938 to 1937, included
flue-cured tobacco, the 1938 limit of
840,000 to 888,000 acres, and the aver
age 924,000 acres.
If the individual grower stays with
in his limit assigned by national,
state and county agricultural units,
he will be paid for normal average
yield for each acre within the goal.
Payments for flue-cured tobacco
will be one cent a pound.
GOALS ON NORTH CAROLINA
CROPS STATED BY FLOYD
Raleigh, Sept. 20. —(AP) —E. Y.
Floyd, in charge of the program for
Continued on Page Five.)
Succeeds McGrady?
: SHE .
Bobcat *. Watt
yiitte no information 'ls forth
coming from Washington political
observers say that Robert J.
Watt, Scotch-Irish secretary of
the Massachusetts Federation of
Labor, will become the new as
sistant secretary of labor, a post
recently vacated by Edward F,
McGrady. McGrady now is labor
relations director of the ‘Radio
Corporation of America.
'—Central Press
Hitler Reviews tile Nazi Shovel Army
Spades were more than mere implements of agriculture when Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler reviewed his
famous labor corps at Nuremberg during the Nazi party congress. Thousands of stalwart Nazis, stripped
to the waist, bearing spades instead of rifles, paraded under the benevolent eye of Der Fuehrer. Here
they are, lined up for inspection. (Central Press)
Soil program For 1938
Is Announced For State
. . ‘ -ASm
Offers Greatest Opportunit y Yet for Soil Improvement
and Conservation Through Sound Farm Practices;
Separate Goals for Varied Crops
College Station, Raleigh, Sept. 20 —
agricultural conservation program for
1938, as it applies to North Carolina
growers, was announced today by E.
Y. Floyd, of State College.
This program/ he said, “will offer
the greatest opportunity of any pro
gram yet for soil improvement and
conservation through sound farming
practices.”
To comply with the program, farm
ers will need to - carry out half again
as many soil-building practices as in
1937, he said, but these are practices
that any farmer interested in con
serving his soil will be glad to carry
out.
Heavier Deductions
A greater effort will be made to
control the production of soil-deplet
ing crops next year by providing for
heavier deductions from the payments
of growers who exceed their “goals,”
Floyd added.
PREPAREDNESS NOT
WHOLLY EFFECTIVE
Nation Armed to Teeth Al
ways Tempted To Use
Its Teeth
By CHARLES P. STEWART
Central Press Columnist
Washington, Sept. 20. —We hear a
deal of the desirability of national
preparedness for international trouble
The argument is that predatory
countries are extremely hesitant to
step on the toes of a country which
militarily and navally is very strong.
It is assumed that such a countrv is
much more likely to be left in peace
than a weak country, which can be
cuffed around in comparative safety.
This kind of talk is prevalent thro
ughout the world just now. The Eu
ropean powers are arming, big and
little ones alike, in hot haste and at
enormous expense. Our own military
folk are urging us to do likewise, and
we are doing some of it —not on Eu
rope’s vast scale, but noticeably. We
must be in a position to defend our
neutrality, experts tell us.
Prejudiced?
It is natural for army and navy men
to reason thus. They are trained to
believe in formidable armaments.
Such armaments make for the impor
tance of the jobs of professional mili
tarists, too, and for more of them.
I do not question the good faith of
the militarists, but I suspect that they
are unconsciously prejudiced.
They themselves do not contend
that their armaments have any eco
nomic value. They admit that they
simply are a huge tax burden. They
say only that they are necessary in
surance.
Writer Heard It Previously.
I listened to much of this chat while
Europe was arming prior to the
World War.
I doubt the soundness of its logic.
I surmise that a country with a seem
ingly overwhelming armament is
Continued on Page Five.)
"WEATHER
FOR NORTH CAROLINA.
Partly cloudy tonight and Tues
day, possibly occasional rain on
the southeast coast; somewhat
cooler tonight <in west and north
central portion «•
The program is announced early
enough this time, he continued, for
farmers to get the information they
need on how they can take greatest
advantage of the soil-conserving and
crop control features of the program
before they start - preparing their land
for planting.
But if a greater degree of produc
tion control is desired by the produc
ers, Floyd said, it will have to be
secured through legislation in addi
tion to that of the agricultural conser
vation program.
Under the 1938 program, “goals”
will be set up for optimum acreages
of soil-depleting and soil building
crops and practices.
The goals for depleting crops are
the acreages which would usually be
required to meet the national needs
for consumption and exports for such
(Continued on Page Five.)
Two Naval
Fliers Die
In Tragedy
Brookville, N. Y., Sept. 20 (AP)
Two men believed to be navy fliers
were killed today when their big am
phibian plane crashed into thick
woods on a Long Island north shore
estate near here.
The dead, only occupants of the
plane, were F. A* Mackenzie', believed
to be a naval lieutenant, and Naval
Aviation Cadet R. A. Schmidt.
A log book found in the wreckage
of the craft indicated they had left
Norfolk, Va„ at 7:15 a. m. today, and
had subsequently flown over Lake
hurst, N. J.
Mitchell Field attendants said the
ship had landed at Floyd Bennett
field in Brooklyn, and had taken off
again for Hartford and Boston.
French Legionnaire
t
111
fgg JB&. xivjßS
* Gen. Victor Beauregard, president
of the French war veterans and rep
resentative of FID AC, their organi
zation in France, to the Legion con
vention in New York, is pictured as
he arrived on the Washington. He
will sail back to Franca with 660
Legionnaires on the same ship.
CCgntnlPffpl
PPBLIMBD WHY APTUUfOOV
EXCEPT SUNDAY.
AMERICAN EMBASSY
LEAVES NANKING ON
JAPANESE WARNINGS
U. S. Not Closing
Nanking Embassy
Washington, Sept. 20.—(AP) —
Withdrawal of Ambassador Nelson
Johnson from Nanking today was
a temporary, measure and did not
constitute any abandonment of the
Nanking Embassy, so far as dip
lomatic relations with China are
concerned, the State Department
said.
The move merely means diplo
matically that Johnson has trans
ferred his base of operations, of
ficials said. They were informed of
the move through press preorts.
They stressed that aboard the
gunboat Luzon the ambassador and
his staff can transact any official
business with the Chinese govern
ment, while gaming maximum pro
tection against the danger of threa
tened Japanese air raids.
SPAIN IS REFUSED
PLACE ON COUNCIL
OF DRLtUEAGUE
Member Nations Sympathe
tic to Insurgents Are Jub
ilant Over Result
of Voting
EDEN PESSIMISTIC
ON PEACE OUTLOOK
Declares People of World
Seem as Far as Ever Re
moved from Permanent
Peace; Nyon Piracy Group
Ready To Hear Sugges
tions Made by Italy
G®n*va, Sept. 20.—(AP) —The Lea
gue of Nations Assembly refused to
day to grant government Spain a seat
in the League Council for the next
three years, to the jubilation of mem
ber nations sympathetic with the in
surgent regime of General Francisco
Franco.
The Madrid-Valencia government
failed by nine votes to obtain the two
thirds majority necessary for a new
term in the Council. Spain’s present
three-year term expires this year.
However, Spain remains a member
of the League and may send a repre
sentatns to Council sessions dealing
with matters concerning her, but will
lack the power to vote in the Coun
cil. The major powers hold permanent
seats on the Council, which is, in ef
fect, the League’s executive commit
tee, but Spain has held one of the four
seats rotated among minor nations at
three-year intervals.
The vote came at a session wherein
British Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden deplored that “peoples of the
world seem as far as ever from at
taining peace.”
Eden, pledging Britain to unstincted
efforts toward preserving peace,
nevertheless, belitted the importance
of Germany’s demand for return of
war-lost colonies, some of them now
under British control, and inferred
that Italy herself was to blame for the
limited patrol area offered her by the
Nyon conferees on piracy in the Medi
terranean Sea.
The foreign secretary declared that
the nine Nyon powers undoubtedly,
would be ready “to consider sugges
tions” for elaborating Italy’s part in
the plan to drive piracy from the
Mediterranean.
But it was felt that he expected
Italy to take the first step and he
pointedly remarked that it was “quite
impossible to have attempted an ela
borate plan in negotiations with a
country not represented at Nyon.”
COTTON FUTURES AT
CLOSING ARE LOWER
Drop of 9 to 11 Points Shown, But
Spots Are 8.95 Cents on
Last Quotations
New York, Sept. 20. —(AP) —Cotton
futures opened barely steady, two to
five points lower, with steadier Liver
pool cables offset by active hedge
selling. December recovered from
8.68 to 8.71 shortly after the first half
hour, when quotations generally were
three to four points net lower. De
cember eased to 8.66 by midday, when
the list showed net losses of eight to
nine points.
Cotton futures closed barely steady,
9 to 11 points lower. Spot quiet, mid
dling 8.95.
Open Close
October 8.80 8.76
December 8.70 8.63
January .?••• 8.75 8.67
March ........ 8.85 8.77
May 8.95 8.89
July 9.03 8.99
O PAGES
o TODAY
FIVE CENTS COPY
Bombing of Chinese Capital
Is Begun as Promised,
With 40 Civilians
Killed
OTHER EMBASSIES
TO REMAIN THERE
Chinese Authorities Disap
pointed at U. S. Ambassa
dor’s Action; Warships Re
main in Harbor To Protect
Nationals; Japan Declines
Blame
Shanghai, Sept. 20. —(AP) The
American Embassy staff departed
Nanking tonight in the face of a Jap
anese threat to lay waste to the Chi
nese capital, emphasized ;ty a morn
ing aerial raid in which 40 civilians
were killed and 40 homes destroyed.
United States Ambassador Nelson
Johnson, with his assistants, boarded
the American patrol boat Luzon, sta-,
tioned in the Yangtze river, and turn
ed up-river.
They planned to withdraw to Wu
hoo, 30 miles from Nanking, thereby
observing a demand by the Japanese
naval force. The Japanese had warn
ed that foreigners would face danger
of death from the air, beginning at
noon Tuesday. Japanese officials de
clared Japan would not be resopnsible
for loss of foreign lives after that
time.
Johnson’s decision to withdraw a
roused bitter disappointment by Nank
ing officials, some of whom felt that
the ambassador should remain as a
gesture of loyalty and sympathy with
China’s cause in the conflict with
Japan.
The British, Russian, German and
Italian embassies decided to remain,
at least for the moment, and British
and French naval commanders warn
ed Japanese that they would be held
strictly responsible for any loss of
iife or damage to property of their
nationals.
The American commander-in-chief'
of the United States Asiatic fleet, Ad
miral Harry Yarnell, likewise declared
that the Luzon and her sister ship, the
Continued •n Pag# Five.)
Chinese In
More Night
Air Raids
Shanghai, Sept. 20.—(AP)—Chinese
fliers launched new night air raids
tonight, swooping in death-defying
dives over the Japanese military air
field in the Yangepoo sector. ]
Japanese anti-aircraft .batteries on
the fringe of the international settle
ment sprayed shrapnel fragments
over a wide area, but apparently fail
ed to bring down any of the Chinese
planes.
In Peiping, Japanese military forces
indicated that a vast area of central
China would be made the nejt object
of extensive bombing attacks.
The Japanese Embassy, acting on
behalf of the army, notified the Bri
tish and other embassies, except that
of the United States, that all foreign
residents north of tfye Lunghai rail
way should display flags prominently
on their property.
Cholera in the Shanghai foreign
areas, already at epidemic propor
tions, spread alarmihgly. Health of
ficials battling against spread of the
dread disease from the filth of jam
med Chinese refugee camps, reported
1,015 known cases and 12.0 deaths.
There have been 101 cases among for
eign residents and nine deaths.
Insurgents
Crack Lines
Os Loyalists
Further Progress Is
Made by Spanish
Rebels on Last Bis
cayan Seaport
Hendaye, Franco-Spanish Frontier,
Sept. 20.—(AP) —Insurgents driving
toward the government’s last north
west stronghold at Gijon broke thro
ugh Asturian defense lines today, in
surgent communications reported, and
captured the village of Los Callejos
after heavy fighting.
Waves of counter-attacking Navar
ress drove back the Asturian defend
ers who started the. battle with infan
try drive in the Sella driver sector,
(Continued on Page Three.)