Henitersmt Batty Bispatrf*
THIRTY-THIRD YEAR ^th^^h^ciStkd prIm' HENDERSON, N. C., FRIDAY AFTERNOON, JANUARY 18. 11)4(1 tMunDAATTliHNUOM FIVE CENTS (’(; 1 *Y
STEEL FIRM REJECTS TRUMAN PAY PLAN
Gromyko Says Peace Depends
On Accord Within Bis Five
FIGURED IN GEN. IKE'S TESTIMONY
PROGRESS OF DEMOBILIZATION
(ALL FIGURES IN THOUSANDS)
10,000 ,-—--1 iG,000
! RETURNS TO CIVILIAN LIFE
I-1-i-1-1—~i-r~— i
SEPTEMBER ESTIMATE | 450 550 750, 7S0
r~-t ^r-Li—-r—J—I
; MCSENT ESTIMATE »00 900 500 *00 400 400
56 ! 156 164 205 597 1.2701.196 1,112 j
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE --- -L_______J
ONE OF SEVERAL GRAPHIC EXHIBITS presented to the Joint Congressional
Committee by General Eiscnh >\ver in outlining the perplexed demobili
zation problems, this chart shows the actual and the planned decline ill
Army strength from V-E Day until July 1, 1946. Black area shows how,
since May, the Army has been steadily reduced. An estimated total of
700,060 troops will be required for final occupation. (International)
Selective Service thief
Asks Extension Of Draft
Blames Heavy Enlistments For Lag In
Quotas; Hearings End Over Protests
Washington, .Tan. 18—TAP'—O-. er
protest.' a special Senate c > ■ mitten
ended its public hearings on oanv
demobilization today after hearing
Selective Service Director Lewis
Hershey blame heavy enlistments
for a lag in draft quotas.
Chairman Edwin .1 .hnson (D
Colo.) announced the end and
ipromptly drew Irom Senator Briggs
(D-Mo.) ii complaint that only on"
side of the case has been presented.
Sens’lor Kevcrc mb (K-W-Va.j
third member of the group also pro
tested he had received many letb’rs
from soldiers and wanted the com
mittee to look them over.
Wants Law Extended.
Hershey recommended to the com
mittee the immediate extension ol
the draw law scheduled to expire
automatically May Id.
Hershey told the group that
selective service had been un
able to produce its monthly
quota of 50,000 men for the
armed forecs as so many young
men were volunteering.
Hcrshcy included among the vol
unteers the 18 t> 25 year olds, win
are eligible for the draft, bid it was
explained at headqut.'.'ters that such
volunteers ave counted in the quotas.
licrshey also made these recom
mendations:
Amendment Asked.
1—Amend the selective service
law to provide a definite period o;
service. He said Iliac because Con
gress had authorized voluntary en
listments tor 18 months, “this would
seem an appropriate iperiod for the
draft."
2 The army and navy should
lower their physical standards and
apply them so as to produce the re
quired number of men.
8—Persons with substantially less
thi.M 18 months service should be
submitted for re-induction.
Arrest Of
More japs
Is Ordered
Tokyo, Jan. 13.— (AD— General
Douglas MacArthur today ordered
the arrest of 110 more Japanese war
criminal suspects, including seven
generals, and counter-intelligence ot
ficers arrested the long missing Dr.
Bf.‘ Maw, puppet premier of Burma.
In Peiping. Chinese arrested Ma.i.
Gen. Eugen Ott, Nazi ambassador
to Tokyo at the time Pearl Harbor
was attacked and announced lie
would be brought to Japa'n lor ques
tioning.
Guards Included.
The 110 additional war crimes
suspects listed for arrest included
General Takeji Wachi, former chief
of staff of Japanese general haed
Quarters a'.id a half dozen other gen
erals, as well as prison camp officers
a'.id guards from the Solomons to
Honshu to Truk.
The surprise arrest of Dr. Maw,
Burmese puppet whose whereabouts
since the end of the war have been
a mystery, was confirmed by Brig.
Ger.. E. R. Thorpe, head of Allied
counter-intelligence. He declined to
st.'y where Maw was being Held.
"He will be placed incommuni
cado. like other top prisoners,” he
said.
Bis Power Pledge
London, Jan. 18.—(AP)—Secre
tary of State Janie- F. Byrnes today
anno, need assurances by the Unit
ed States, Russia, and Britain that
the proposals of the smaller Euro
pean nations would receive tHe full
est consideration bv the great pow
er- in drafting European peace
treaties.
Byrnes released the text of ex
change of letters between the Amer
ican and French governments. His
answer was on behalf of the three
grea't powers which agreed at Mos
cow, that, in effect, the United
States, Russia and Britain would
write tlie treaties for Italy, Romania,
Bulgaria, Hungary and Finland.
Stock Mart Slips
At The Be^iruling
New York, Jan. 18.—(AP)—The
stock market slipped at the opening
today, the wake of the boost in mar
gin to 100 per .ent but steels soon
led a recovery on expanding volume
Better performance included Unit
ed States Steel. Youngstown Sheet.
Southern Pacific. United Aircraft
and Montgomery Ward. Hesitant
were General Motors. American
Telephone, DuPont, and Chrysler.
Stock Trading
On Cash Basis
Washington, Jan. 18.—Effective
Monday, margin requirements for
stock exchange trading will be 100
per cent, the Federal Reserve Board
disclosed today. In an attempt , to
cheek specidation and curb inflation,
buying of all securities will be on a
cash bp us, thus eliminating credit
or “bargain" buying.
The previous requirement wP- 75
■per cent, which went into cflect
last July 5.
Marriner S. Eccles. chairman of
the Federal Reserve Board describ
ed raising of margin requirements
as a step “to prevent the further
flow of borrowed money into stock
market operations.”
Iran Delegation
Seek Means Of
Airing Disputes
London. .Ian. 18.— (AP)—The
Iranian delegation to the Unit
ed Nations General Assembly
look the first concrete step to
brine the explosive Iranian
Rns-uan dispute before the
world security eouneil today as
Soviet delegates maintained
silence on tile issue.
And: ei Gromyko, acting chief of
,l'o Russian delegation, making the
first major Russian speech before
the assembly ignored the Iranian
question, which is causing serious
concern a’.nong United Nations lead
ers.
•Shortly before Gromyko took the
floor. Feyd Hessan Taquizadeh. head
of the Iranian delegation, conferred
with the executive secretary of the
assembly on what Taquizadeh called
'technical arn'.Tgements” for nlacing
’ran’' complaint before the security
council.
Leaders Uncertain.
Some of the Iranian leaders' as
sociates had indicated earlier thu‘
the ci’se might be filed today or to
morrow. but they said they wee
ncertain over where or how o file
it.
Presumably this was (he
question taken up with Secre
tary Gladwin Jebb by Taqni
/adeh.
Gromyko, meanwhile, told the as
sembly that the future peace of the
onrld depends on the unity of the
’>ig Powers and warned .•.'gainst any
effort to cut down their authority
by revising the charter of the UNO.
Supports Power Plans.
He also strongly supported big
power plans to give the security
eoun'jil control of atomic energy
problems.
Defending the big nations' posi
tion in the UNO, Gromyko, said “all
nations, big and small, are interest
ed in securing stable peace and in
preventing a repetition of new ag
ression. In this their interests com
pletely coincide. Endeavors to coun
terpose the big states with the small
ones ca'n not be regarded with sym
pathy' in the United Nations Organi
zation is a body to protect all pea'ce
loving states, big and small ”
Politicimi Given
Washington, Jan .to.—(AP) Ed
win W. Paulov was i.nminated to
.day to lie undersecretary of thi
navy replacing Artemus Gates \vh<
resigned.
President Harry Truman also sen
to the Senate the nomination ot W
S. Symington, now surplus proper
ty administrator, to be assistant wai
secretary and three new appoint
ments to the Riconstruction Fmanci
Corporation board of directors.
Pauley had been President Tru
,mans representative on reparation
ii d previously was treasurer ot the
Democratic national committee.
George Allen, a Mississippian and
close associate ot the President was
named to the RFC board along with
Harve.v J. Gunderson of South Da
kota and Henrv Bodman of Michi
gan. _
HAIR OIL.
Helena. Mont.. Jan. 18.—(AP)
Sen. Burton K. Wheeler (D-Mont.)
told Montana dairymen today that
much scarce American butter had
been sent to foreign consumers,
| “some of whom didn t know what
it was and never would have missed
it—in some eases the people used
it for hair oil,’’
War Looms In Washington
On Planned Lint Ceilings
Washington, Jan. 18.—(AP)—Cot
ton conscious statesmen from l’exa
to the Atlantic seaboard prepailt
todu'y to defend their crop from 1946
price ceilings under threat to with
draw their support from OPA.
Dixie legislators, aroused by tele
grams of protest from over the cot
ton belt, called a special caucus in
the House office building to present
a united opposition to the proposed
ceilings.
OPA Chief Chseter Bowles has
announced a scale of ceilings which
he says mr'y be imposed on 1946 cot
ton if threats of speculation and ni
dation continue.
There were these developments in
the cotton war:
1—Members of the North
Carolina delegation, in a special
protest meeting, passed a resol
ution of opposition to any fur
ther action on cotton ceilings.
3—Addressing the House, Rep.
j Cox (D-G;1) -aid the ceilings would
I "represent an absolute starvation
wage for workers in the cotton
fields.”
3—The Senate heard a demand by
■Senator Eastland (D-Miss.) fot
abolition of OPA if it insists on cot
ton ceilings. Sen;'tor Maybank (D
S. ('.) read into the Congressiona
Record telegrams of protest iron
the South Carolina legislature.
At today's meeting southerner's
are expected to demand a final de
cision soon by OPA, using the argu
ment that !a mers must know 194(
crop condit ons before opening o.
4 the planting season February 1,
Outlook For
Ending Dim
Washington, Jan. 1H. (API-The
meat situ.iti >n - 1 bleaker today.
1 f,e, e v. as i o ign Gove rmnent ef
I,w . ,|.| bring a quick settlement
(,f three day old strike ol 26.!,
(H.O meat pae’-'ing workers.
\ Federal fact finding board
opened a study on the strike
v. ir,e issue but its report is not
due until February 16—29 days
hence.
The fact finder* promised, how
ever, to act promptly on any agree
ment possibility that would bring
a settlement in the walkout before
that date.
Four Hour Parley.
Secretary of Labor Lewis Schwel
! lerbaeh who invited all sides 1 >
Washington in connection with a
futile effort to avert the walkout,
rn.ii 1 four hours of conference last
night.
But the talks with AFL and CIO
packers and unaffiliated union rep
resentatives were exploratory, Sc 11—
wellenbach told reporters, with each
presenting tiis p isition.
Edwin Witte, chairman of the
fart finding panel named, took
no conferences today. Witte in
dicated they would be concern
ed largely w ith procedure to be
followed when formal hearings
begin.
His associates on the panel, Clark
Kerr, chairman of the War LaMar
Board meat lacking commission, and
Chief Justice Raymond W. Starr of
the Michigan supreme court, are not
due in Washington until tomorrow.
Witte said.
The fact finders are under Sch
wellenba’.'h's orders to study the dis
pute and report by February 16.
Lucky Betty
®r' ...
WHILE THE REST OF US toil with
strikes and colds and other troubles,
little Betty Sturgis, 2, thinks all's
right with the world as she digs her
toes in the warm Florida sand and
I listens to the restless ocean. Her
home's in Texas. (International1
WEATHER
FOR NORTH CAROLINA
Fair, slightly warmer, this
afternoon, rather cold to
night; Saturday fair and mild.
NO PLACE FOR THEM AT HOME
m~.. . . J’
THERE'S NO PLACE LIKE-OR AT-HOME for Mrs. June Thuleen, her sailor
husband Donald and their 10-weeks-old baby, all of Los Angeles. Ac
cording to her story, they had been sharing a two-bedroom house among
seven people, and her own parents have ordered their eviction because of
tlie intolerably crowded living conditions. (International Soundphoto)
Churchill
Appearance
Voted Down
Ferguson Wanted
Him To Testify
At War Inquiry
Washington. Jan. 18.- -(AP) The
Pearl Harbor committee today vot
ed (i to 2 ; gainst culling former
i ime Min.si or Winston Ch'irchiU
as a witness in its investigation of !
die 15)41 disaster.
The vote came on a motion of ,
Senator H one' Ferguson (R-Mi/n.i |
to invite the former British premier
now vacationing in Miami Mooch to
a it ear :.'! a time that suited his con- ,
venience and that of the committee. |
Fergus->n previously had told !!<••
committee he wanted Clnircniil to
tell what he knows about any agree- i
ment which might have existed v\ ith j
tli" late President Franklin Ro iso- !
vclt for parallel action on the p-.rt .
oi Briiam and the United Slate
before the Japanese attacked Pearl
Harbor.
Six Drill.' t.' ic members "I th.
committee voted against the motion.
Sixteen Die
As Airliner
Catches Fire
_
Cheshire. Conn., J;.i . 18. (AP)—'
A bis transpi rt reported in be car
rying 13 passengers and a three man
j'0w crashed in flames here todav.
I carrying all aboard to their deaths.
The army flight service at Boston
identified the plane as llight 16-B
of tiie Eastern Airlines, en route
from New York to Boston.
Representatives of EAL at New
York said that radio contact had
been lost with one of its New Yi rk
to Boston transports at about the
time the accident was reported.
The big ship, tirsl seen with
flames and smoke spouting from its
engines ;i d came to earth not far
from the State Reformatory here.
TRAIN DERAILED
NEAR MERRY OAKS
_
Norfolk. Ya. Jan. 18—(AP)—
Hearcjuaiters of the Seaboard Air
line railway reported Thursday a
northbound freight train, transport
ing perishable goods to Washington,
was derailed at Merry Oaks. N. C.,
at 2:4a a. m. yesterday. No one w’as
injured .
Railroad officials said six cars of
tho train were derailed at a point
2a miles south of Raleigh. N. C., and
"some pasenger cars were delayed
but all operations are now normal.
The accident was .aused by a
broken journal box on the first car
that was derailed, the spokesman
said.
Tli(' 46-car freight train originat
ed in Florida and was en route to the
Potomac freight yards at the capitol.
Third World War:
Reminders Go Out
From Bomb Makers
I,os Alamos, N. Mew. Jan 13.
— (AP) — N evv Mexico sand
fused by the first atomic bomb
explosion and a picture of de
vastated Nagasaki. Japan, were
delivered today to mayors of 12
large cities for public exhibition
as a reminder of what the next
war may bold.
The Association of Los Ala
mos Scientists, who sent the
matter is advocating control of
atomic weapons by a world or
ganization.
It urged cite officials to tosl
tify at hearings of the McMahon
committee now underway in
Washington.
Southerners
Threaten To
Filibuster
Measure To Set-Up
Permanent FEPC Is
Before Senate Now
Washington. Jan. 13.— (API—The
wordiest filibuster since Huey
Long's time threatened on Capit 'I
11:11 i.sdi'y as the Senate plunged
into a knock-down, drag-out fight
no the dynamite-laden FEPC bill.
The advance billing had Cap
itol Hill harking hack to the
time when Long a senalo” from
Louisiana. went a fi****.ister
marathon during which lie dis
coursed on a my riad of subjects,
including the merits of southern
pot lirker.
A solid phalnax of southern sena
tors all pledged to talk plenty, lined
•up against the Fair Employment
Practice bill which would os' 'dish
a permanent committee to eliminate
ra'eial and religious discrimination
in industri il and gov ernmental em
ployment.
1.000 Amendments.
"I'm going to talk against it as
long as God gives me breath," Sena
tor Ellender. (D-La.) told a reportev
Senator Eastland (D-Mi.-s.) prom
ised tha't ho and Senator McClellan
(D-La.l would offer 1.000 amend
ments to the FEPC legislation,
Eastland said lie wouid talk years
il necessary.
Senator Bilbo (D Miss') whe
knows a filibuster when ho is in one
informed newsmen he intended t
speak twice—"30 days at a time'
a'gainst the measure which has beer
endorsed many times by President
Harry Truman.
ARMY IS PLANNING
TO KEEP GI JANE
Washington, .Tan. 13.—(AP)—Thi
army wants to keen GI Jane.
Present plans call for a permano
force of women as part of the oost
war regular army, it would b<
known as the Women’s Corns am
include nurses as well as WACs.
Wage Boost
Accepted By
CIO Union
Washington, Jan. 18.—(AIM I ho
United States : .eel Corporation ;
dav rejected President Harry 1
man's terms for settling it g< ■;
pule with the CIO United Steel
Workers.
A nation-wide steel strike is
set for Alonuai at 12:01 a. ni.
White House Press Scoot,i y
Charles G. Russ said, iowi vcr. that
the union had accepted the Pn i
cient's compromise increase ui 18 1-2
cents an hour lor 800.(100 union steel
w< rkers poised to walk out >1 the
nation's steel mills.
No Seizure Plans.
Ross said the President had no
plans for seizing the industry and no
further steps were under onsider
ation for averting tiie strike.
CIO President Philip Murrav. who
sent a letter acept i g the proposal
vvhih was to have been retroactive
to January 1, scheduled a news con
lerenee for late this afternoon.
In a letter to the President.
Benjamin Fairless. president
of United States Steel, wrote
that the "proposal is almost
equivalent to granting in lull
the union's revised demand for
a wage increase of 19 1-2 cents
an hour.”
"In our opinion, there is no just
basis from any point of view tor a
wage increase to our steel worker;
of the large size you have proposed,’1
Fairless wrote.
Great Financial Harm.
Fairless said that such an > ere i c,
“if put into effect is certain to re
sult in great financial harm not only
to this corporation but also to users
of steel in general."
Fairless wrote Mr. Truman he li el
tried to make clear "to you and
other Goven men! officials there
is a limit to the extent to which
11 ion wage demands can be met ny
I 1 SI
“\\C reached the limit." the
J ter said, “when we raised our
offer to the union Iasi Friday
, from a wage increase ot I'! 1-2
cer.ls ail hour to 15 cents an
hour.”
This indicated that F.iirlo. h .d
made no further wage emir si >ns
in three White House c mii'icn. o
with Murray
Mr. Trum: > made n immediate
comment either ucr-nnaliy "C
through la ss on the s'.rike outlook.
F,airless' letter was delivered to the
White House about 1 u m.. an hour
alter the noon deadline set yester
day by Mr. Truman for a response.
I The letter was delivered bv John
j Munhall ot the Washington ofltro
of the steel firm.
Fairlcss In New York.
Fairless was in New York where
he had gone last ' ight with the
President’s coi'.oromise oiler to coi.
j ter with his board ot directors and
! officials ot other steel companies,
j Murrw's acceptance was deliver
i ed by n.r id McDonald, secretary
i treasurer of the CIO Steel W< ri: ;
j Union. Last night and this morning
! after rc.eiving Mr. Truman's nr --
posal. Murray conferred with his
fellow workers r.i:d with the CTO’s
overall strike strategy con mitteo.
In the earlier negotiations, the
United States Steel Corporation ha 1
ottered 15 cents' an hour incrcn. c
as compared with the union's origi
naldemands of S2 a day or 25 cents
I hour. Murray earlier had lowered
| his demands to 19 1-2 cents an hour.
| While it was lean ed that steel
1 prices were not discussed at the
White House conferences, the steel
corporation was said to be aware
that Government approval of in
j creases of at least $2.50 a ton—and
: possible $4— is in the oiling lor Feb
ruary 1.
City-Wide Transit
Strike In Gotham
Being Threatened
i _
New York, Jan. 1H (AP) \
city-wide strike ot 52,000 ti.’isii
[ workers who operate all of New
York city's municipally owned sub
; ways, buses, street cars and elevat
ed trains may be called within two
weeks. Michael .1 Kuill, president
of the Transport Workers Union
(CIO) said today.
If such a strike is culled, i* would
i be in'protest against a proposal now
under consideration by the board of
transportation to sell city owned
; power plants to the Consolidated
Edison Company, major power
! uitlitv in this area.
The union Ulso is seeking a $2 a
' day wage increase for all transit
t workres, but Kuill said that would,
not figure in the proposed strike.
*