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The Gold Leak stand nt the bead of
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'IV
I HVrt) I Iv6ril8c II llif UOL1
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q newspapers in tbtt-eectioii
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i 11 i IvHrtiMiu-olumuH
T
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SHSIBLE BUSINESS MEN
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VOL: XXI. HENDERSON, N-C. THURSDAY, MARCH 6, 1902. , NO. 12.
n
It is very con-
the disasters which
jfcj overtake us to late.
if But for the most
part man is the
lJt9 arbiter of his own
fortunes. Business
men are struck
down suddenly- as
by lightning. The
vcn iics. is generally
"heart failure." "His heart was weak.
It was fate for him to meet this end."
But if we went l-hind the weak " heart
we should, find a "weak" stomach, prob
ably, and back of the weak stomach is
careless er:tiujj at irregular hours.
When the stomach is diseased the
organs depending on the stomach for
nutrition are starved. Starvation means
weakness of the lody and its organs.
I)r. l'iercj's C"o!it-n Medical Discovery
cures diseases of the stomach and other
organ.-; of digestion and nutrition. 'A'hen
these organs are rurd, diseases of heart,
liver, lungs and kidneys, caused by the
diseased st'jmae'.i, are cured also.
"In th'- f.i'.i f i--i7 I wis t-ikn with ymother
Inz M-l!-i. ..i'!.atin of the heart, and a dis
tress! irriinjj in my stomach," writes Mr.
II V.'. Kniii' v ff Knight. Doddridge Co., West
V.i "I i-o::s:iitfiI a doctor and he said I hsd
organic heart trouble, He jave me some medi
cine, tmt it did no Rood. I then tried differ
ent kind of i.alent medidnes, but they only
hfl; (1 iik- a little. I thru sent and got five
bottles of I'r I'k to-'s f',o!dt-n Medical Discov
ery !;;.r' tin- firt bottle was KOI'e I ie!t a
cluing-. Wi t-n the five liottles were Rone I
Iw-iran to wmli. I had not worked any for a
yrar before.
"I am well n:id can cat anything now with
the c.cctio:i of joi k and fjre:i-y food."
Doctor 1'ierce's Pleasant I'ellets
bilio'isnead.
cure
Henry Perry,
Insurance.
A vtroiil! Iin it ootli Life mid Fire Com
paiiir represented. Policies issued and
risks placed m.st advantage.
Office m Court House.
DAVE'S I'LAOE"
(Opposite S. A. L. Station.)
European Hotel. Restaurant
and Lunch Counter.
Meals Served at all llo.us Day cr N'mht
Fnrtished Rooms. Comfortable Beds.
Everything strictly first-class. An orderly,
well kept place.
SALOON
Kipial to anv in the State, stocked with
notliitiu' lut the very Ui'St and Purest
UixmI- money can buy.
This being the grip sea-on we have all
kinds of ingredients for relievinR same.
FINE CIGARS AND TOBACCOS.
POOL UOOMS IN CONNECTION.
Children
mnt ha v conittsnt attrntion from the
nmt hr. Thir want at huuhtouh, bnt thmt
Frey's Vermifuge
meets most of them. Keeps the stomnch
sweet ami well trtl-r'tt ; eipel-i wirnis. ia-dat-es
natnral nlet-p. Hottle by mail a&c.
E. A. S. FREY, Baltimore, Md.
R.5. McCOIN.
Attorney at Law.
J. L. CI RRIN.
Real Estate Agent
McCoin & Currin
Real Estate
and
Insurance Agents
HENDERSON, N. C.
A Short
Ocean Trip.
The riost Delightful Route
to NEW YORK and
NORTHERN AND EASTERN
SUMMER RESORTS
IS VIA
OLD DOMINION LINE
AND RAIL CONNECTIONS.
Express steamships leave Norfolk, Va ,
daily, except Sunday, nt 7:00 p. m.. and
Old Point Comfort at S;00 p.m., for New
York direct, affording opportunities for
through passengers from the South.
Southwest and West to visit Kichmond.
Old Point Comfort and Virginia Beach
en route.
For ti-kets and general information
apply railroad tieket njrents. or to
M. P.. t'i:i Ki.i.. (ieneral Agent. Norfolk.
Va.; .1. F. Mwku. Agent, 1212 Main
Stnvt. Itiehinond. Va.
H. B. WALKER, J. J. BROWN,
I ratiic Algr, Gen. Pass. Agt.
NEW YORK. N. Y.
31
SCHLEY ISN0 HERO.
NEITHER IS SAMPSON AS FAR AS THE
BATTLE OF SANTIAGO IS CONCERNED.
That is Decision of President Roose
velt Says Neither One Deserves
Special Credit, it Being a Captains
Fiht all ths Way Through -Com-mander
Wainwright the Real Hero
of th Occasion Loop Made by the
Brooklyn Styled a Grave Mistake
liar ring That, Schley UiJ Well, but
Sampson Was Technically in Com
mand Full Text of the President's
Decision.
The following is President Koose
velt's comment upon the appeal -of
Admiral W. S. Schley:
Wiiitk Hot sk, Feb. 18. 1902.
I have received the iippeal of
Admiral Sehley and the answer there
to from th Navy Department. I
have examined both with the utmost
care, as as the preceding appeal
to the Secretary of the Navy. I have
read thiough all the testimony taken
before tlitt court and the statements
of the counsel for Admirals Sampson
and Schley ; have examined ail theotli
cial reports of every kind in reference
to the Santiago naval campaign,
copies of the logbooks and signal
books, ami the testimony before the
Court of Claims, and have also per
sonally had before tne the four surviv
ing captains of the live ship?, aside
from those of the two admirals, winch
were actively engaged at Santiago.
It appears that the Court of Inquiry
was unanimous in its findings ot fact
and unanimous in itx expressions of
opinion on most of its findings of fact.
No appeal is made to me from the
verdict of the court on these' points
where it was unanimous. I have,
however, gone carefully over the evi
dence od these point-, also.
VID SUBSTANTIAL JUSTICE.
I am satisfied that on the whole
the court did substantial justice. It
should have specifically condemned
the failure to enforce au efficient
ight blockade at Santiago while
dmiral Schley was in command.
On the other hand, I feel that there is
reasonable doubt whether he did uot
move his squadron with sumcient
expedition from port to port. The
court is a unit iu condemninjr Ad
miral Schlev's action mi the point
where it seems to me he most gravely
erred his "retrograde movement"
a hen he abandoned the blockade and
his disobedience of orders and mis
statement of fact9 in relation thereto.
It should be remembered, how
ever, tnat tne majority of these
actions which the court censured oc
curred five weeks or more before the
light itself, aud it certainly (seems
that if Admiral Schley's actions were
censurable he should not have been
eft as second in command undtr
Admiral Sampson. His offenses
were in effect condoned when he wns
not called to account for thorn. Ad
miral Sampson, after the tight, in an
flicial letter to the Department, al
luded for the first lime to Admiral
Schley's "reprehensible conduct" six
weeks previously.
If Admiral Schley was guilty of
reprehensible conduct of a kind which
called for such notice from Admiral
Sampson, then Admiral Sampson
ouhl not to hare left him as senior
officer of the blockading squadron on
the 3d of July, when he (Sampson)
i a
teamed away on his proper errand of
communication with General Shatter.
THE BATTLE OF SANTIAGO.
We can, therefore, for our present
purpose dismiss consideration of so
much of the appeal as relates to any
thing except the battle. As regards
this, the point raised in the appeal is
between Admiral Sampson or Admiral
Schlev as to which was in command,
and as to which was entitled to credit,
if either of them was really entitled
to any unusual and pre-eminent credit
by any special exhibition of genius,
skill and courage.
The court could have considered
both of these questions, but as a mat
ter of fact it unanimously excluded
evidence offered uon them, and
through its president announced its
refusal to hear Admiral Sampson's
side a, all; and in view of such ex
clusion the majority of the court act
ad with entire propriety in not ex
pressing any opinion on these points.
The matter has, however, been raised
by the president of the court. More
ever, it is the point upon which Ad
miral Schley in his appeal lavs most
stress, and which he especially asks
me to consider. I have, therefore,
carefully investigated this matter
also, and have informed myself upou
it from the best sources of informa
tion at my command.
AN APPEAL FROM M'KINLET.
The appeal of Admiral Schley to
me is not, as to this, the chief point
he raises, really an appeal from the
decision of the Court of Inquiry.
Five-sixths of the appeal is devoted to
this question of command ami credit;
that is, to matter which the Court of
Inquiry did not consider. It is in
effect an appeal from the action of
President McKinley three years ago
when he sent in the recommendation
for promotion for the various officers
connected with the Santiago squad
ron, basing these recommendations
upon bis estimate of the credit to
which the officers were respectively
entitled. What I have to decide,
therefore, is whether or not Presi
dent McKinley did injustice in the
matter.
This necessarily involves a com
parison of the actions of the different
commanders engaged. The exhaus
tive official reports of the actien
leaves little to be brought out anew;
but as the question of Admiral Samp
son's right to be considered in chief
command, which was determined in
his favor by President McKinley, and
later by the Court of Claims, has
never hitherto been officially raised.
I deemed it best to secure statements
of the commanders of the five ships
(other than the Brooklyn and New
Ifork, the flagships of the two ad
r mirals) which were actively engaged
jin the fight. Admiral Philip is dead.
I quote extracts from his magazine
article on the fight, written immediate
ly after it occurred: closing with an
I extract from his letter to
the Secre-
: tary of the Navy February 27, 1899:
; PHILIP'S VIEW OF THE BATTLE.
j "It wa9 the blockading yquadron
that made the battle possible. The
; battle was a direct consequence of
' the .blockade, and upon the method
and effectiveness of the
blockade was
the issue of
very largely dependent
the battle Under the orders
of Admiral Sampson the blockade
, was conducted with-" cuccess exem
; plified by the resultr" When
jtheSpanish admiral at last made his
'daah to escape we were ready ready
I with our men. with our guns and
j with our engines. It was
only a few minutes after we had seen
. the leader of the advancing squadron
i that it became apparent that Ccrvera's
plan was to run his ships in column
j Westward in an effort to escape.
; Iirfore he had fairly fcund him
I self outside the Morro the entire
blockading squadron Indiana, Ore
i sron, Iowa, Brooklyn and Texas was
1 pumping shell into him at such a
irate as virtually to decide the issue
! of the battle in the first few moments.
"All our chips had closed in
i simultaneously. Then oc
I cut red the incident which caused
! me for a moment more alarm than
: anything Cervera did that day.
j Suddenly a whitT of breeze aud a
lull in the firing lifted the pall, and
there, bearing toward us and across
our bow, turning on her pnrt helm,
with big waves curling over her bows
anl great clouds of black smoke pour
ing from her funnels, was the Brook
Ivu. She lookeil as big as half a
dozen Great Easterns, anil seemed so
near that it took our breath away.
Back engines hard!' went down the
tube to the astonished engineers, and
in a twinkling the old ship was rac
ing against herself.
COLLISION
WAS AVERTED.
"The collision, which seemed im
minent, even if it was not, was avert
ed, and as the big cruiser glided past
all of us on the bridge gave a sigh of
relief. Had the Brooklyn struck us
then it would probably have been the
end of the Texas and her half thous
and men. At 10 minutes to
10 (the Spanish ships had appeared at
about 9:30) the Iowa, Ore
gon and Texas were pretty well
bunched, holding a parallel course
Westward with the Spaniards. The
Indiana was also coming up, well in
side of all the others of our squadron,
but a little in the rear, owing to her
far Eastward position at starting.
About a quarter past 10 the
Teresa, which had been in difficulties
from the moment she left the shelter
of the Morro, turned to seek a beach
ing place. She was on tire and we
knew she was no longer a power to be
reckoneil with. Five minutes later
our special enemy, the Oqucndo, also
turned in shore. The Vis
caya kept blazing away viciously.
but the pounding she got trom our
four ships, more particularly the Ore
gon, was too much for her. and in
half an hour she too headed for the
beach. I determined to
push on with the Texas. It
gives me pleasure to write that, old
ship that she is and not built for
speed, the Texas held her own and
even gained on the Colon in that
chase. Admiral Sampson
was commander-in-chief before, dur
ing, and after the action."
CAPTAIN CLARK'S STATEMENT.
Captain Clark's statement is as fol
lows:
"The credit for the blockade which
led up to the fight is, of course, Ad
miral Sampson's. The position of the
ships on the morning of the fight in a
semi-circle head on the harbor, in
consequence of which we were able to
close in at once, was his. In closing
in. that is, in making the lirst move
ments, we were obeying his instruc
tions; though, as a matter ol fact, we
would have closea in anyway, in
structions or no instructions. When
the Spanish ships came out of the
harbor the navigator of my ship saw
the New York to the Eastward, but I
saw no signal of any kind from the
New York during the action, nor was
she near enough to signal directly to
me until after the Colon had surren
dered.
"The engagement may be said to
have been divided into three parts
First, the light proper, while the
Spanish squadron was coming out of
the harbor aud until it was clear of
the Diamond Shoals and definitely
beaded Westward; second, the run-
ning
fight
with the already damaged
vessels
as thev tied westward, until
the Teresa. Oqnendo and Vizcava ran
ashore; and, third, the chase of the
Colon, during which there was practi-
cally no fighting. During the first"
etage I did not see the Brooklyn or re
ceive any signals from her. At the
close of this stage the Oregon had
passeded- the Iowa aud Texas, and
when we burst out of the smoke I
saw the four Spanish ships going
West apparently uninjured, and fol
lowed hard after, at the same time
observing the Brooklyn a little ahead
and offshore.
RECEIVED WEIGHT OF SPANISH FIRE.
"She was broadside to the Spanish
vessels and receiving the weight of
their fire, and was returning it. The
Brooklyn and the Oregon thereafter
occupied substantially these positions
as regards each other, being about
equidistant from the Spanish ships as
was successively overtaken, except
when the Oregon attempted to close
with the Oquendo. The heaviest
fighting was at the harbor mouth and
while the enemy was breaking
through or passing our line. Not
long after the running fight began the
leresa ana men ine uquenao turned
and went ashore, the Vizcaya con-
tinning for some distance farther be-
fore she also was beached. Through
out this running fight the Brooklyn
and Oregon were both faotlv engaged,
being ahead of any of onr other ships;
and we then constituted the Western
and what I regard as the then fighting
division of our fleet. I considered
Commodore Schley in responsible
command during this running tight
and chase so far as 1 was concerned,
;and acknowledged and fepeated a sig-
nat ne naa nying, ior close action or
something of the kind. As, however,
the problem .was perfectly simple,
namely, to pursue the Spanish ships
as I bad been doing before I saw the
Brooklyn, he did not, as a matter of
fact, exercise any control over any
movement or action of the Oregon,
nor did I. perform any action of any
kind whatever in obedience t' any
order from the Brooklyn, neither as
to my course nor as to my speed, nor
as to my gun fire during the fight or
chase.
"The Oregon always had fires under
all boilers. In spite of the speed
shown by the Oregon in this fight she
had .not been and is not classed as the
fastest ship; but during all her ser
vice, in order that no scale should
form in them, not one of our boilers
was used for condensing, though the
resulting discomfort for all bands was
an additional hardship for her com
manding officer."
EVANS GIVES CREDIT TO SAMPSON.
The following is Admiral Evans'
statement:
"The credit for the blockade, for
the arrangement of the ships at the
opening of the fight, and for the lirst
movements forward into the fight
must, of course, belong to Admiral
Sampson, whose orders we were put
ting into effect. When the fight
began Admiral Sampson's ship, the
New York, was in plain sight. I saw
her t timing to overtake us. Through
out the fight I considered myself as
under his command, but I received
no orders from him until the Vizcaya
was aground. Nor did I receive any
orders whatever from the Brooklyn,
nor should I have heeded them if I
had received them, inasmuch as I
considered Admiral Sampson to be
present and in command.
Ihe heavy fighting was during the
time when the Spanish vessels were
coming out of the harbor and before
thpy had stretched fairly to the West
ward. When they thus stretched to
the Westward we all went after them
without orders of course, we could
do nothing else. Until the Teresa
and Oqnendo ran ashore the Iowa was
e Oregon and ahead of
the Texas, and all of us were firing
steadily at the Spanish ships. The
lexas then recovered her speed for
she was dead in the water after hav
ing backed to avoid the Brooklyn
when the Brooklyn turned and she
went ahead of the Iowa. Bath of us
continued to fire at the Vizcaya until
she went ashore, then I stopped,
but the Texas followed the Brooklyn
and
the Oregon after the Colon.
POSITION OF THE NEW YORK.
"When the battle began the New
York was uot much farther to the
Eastward of me than the Brooklyn
was to the. Westward. After the Viz
caya had grounaea the iNew lork
overtook me and signaled me to re
turn to the mouth of the harbor to
prevent any other Spanish ship from
coming out and attacking the trans
ports. I received no signals of any
kind from the lirooklyn. All we had
to do was to close in on the Spanish
squadron as it came out of the har
bor, in obedience to the orders of Ad
miral Sampson, and then, when the
heaviest lighting was over and the
Spanish ships were trying to escape
to the West, to follow them aud, of
course, there was no signal necessary
to tell us to follow a fleeing enemy.
"The machineryjof the Iowa was not
in condition to get the best speed,
though every effort had been made
to make it so. Her cylinder heads
had not been off for more than six
months, owing to the service she was
performing. Her bottom was very
foul, as she had not been docked for
a period of 17 months. The Indiana
was unavoidably in eveu worse
shape.
"The New York had left the block
ading line flying the signal, 'Disre
gard the movements of the Commander-in-Chief,1
a signal frequently
made and well understood by the en
tire fleet, which was usually done by
the Commander-in-Chief before reach
ing the limit of signal distance when
he proposed for any reason temporar
ily to relinquish his command to the
next ranking officer."
SIGNALS FROM THE NEW YORK.
The following is Admiral Tavlor's
statement:
"At the beginning of the fight the
New York was about as far to the
Eastward of me as the Brooklyn was
j to the Westward. The only signal
I
received from the .New lork was at
the very close of the fight, when she
signaled to me to return and
irngrn
the mouth of the harbor, so that
nothing should come out to attack
our transports,
whatever from
I received no signal
the Brooklyn, and
should not have heeded any if one
had been made, as I considered Ad
miral Sampson present and in com
mand. From her position the Indiana
took full part in the actual fight as
the Spanish ships came out of the
harbor. When they ran to the West
ward the Indiana fell behind, but
continued firing at them and the tor
pedo boats until all but the Colon
were sunk or beached. I saw the
Brooklyn turn and run out seaward,
seemingly over a mile, abjut the
time' the rear one of the Spanish
ships turned to the West; if instead
of making this loop the Brooklyn had
stood straight in toward the Span
iards, as the other American ships
did, it seemed to me that the fight
would have been settled then, with
out need of the long ciiase."
SAMPSON PRESENT AND IN COMMAND.
The following is Commander Wain-
wrigbl's statement:
"At the outset of the fight the New
lors was not mucn farther away
from me in one direction than the
Brooklyn was in the other and was in
- plain sight. A signal from Admiral
Taylor in connection with my moving
lorward to attack the torpedo boats
was the only signal I received. I
made one to the New York just before
the last torpedo boat sank. The New
York at that time was coming up
under the fire of the batteries, and ,
herself fired a couple of shots at the j
torpedo boat. Of course Admiral i
j Sampson
was present and in com
mand. I received no signals from
the Brooklyn, and would hot have
noticed her at all bad it not been for
the fact that when the other vessels
closed in she made what has since
been called the 'loop,' so that my at
tention was attracted by not seeing j
ine lexas oecause sue stopped, and
bv not seeing the Brooklyn because
she went to seaward, away from the
Spaqfh vessels. In other words, the
left 6r Westward part of our line was
refused, and this attracted my atton
tention, because it seemed to me
from where I was that this permitted
the Spanish vessels to try to escape
to Westward."
INJURIES TO SPANISH SHIPS.
The survey of the damages of the
four Spanish war vessels shows that
in addition to several score .hits by
the 6-pounder and 1-pounder guns of
the American fleet, they were struck
43 times by the larger guns of four
inches caliber and over. The Colon,
which came out inside the others and
did comparatively little fighting, re
ceived but three of these hits. The
other three ships which bord the
brunt of the action, received 40 among
them. Of these 40, 11 according to
the report of the Board which exam
ined into them, were by 4-inch guns,
teu by 5-inch guns, four by either 4
or 5-inch (the Board could not deter
mine which), while one was by either
a 5 or 6-inch, 12 were by 8-inch, and
two by 12-inch guns.
All of our big ships except the
Texas had 8-inch guns. Only the
Texas and Iowa had 12-inch guns.
The Oregon and the Indiana had 13
inch guns; and they and the Texas
had 6-inch guns. The only 4-inch
iruns were on the Iowa: the only 5-
inch guns on the Brooklyn. There
fore on the three Spanish ships which
did the bulk of the tisbtinjr, out of
the 40 large caliber shots that struck
them 11. certainly came from the
Iowa, 10 certainly came from the
Brooklyn, 4 from either the Iowa or
the Brooklyn, and two from either the
Iowa or Texas.
BROOKLYN'S FIVE-INCH GUNS.
Of the three which struck the Colon
two were 5-inch and must have come
from the Brooklyn; one was either a
5-inch or 6-inch. It must be remem
bered that the 4 and 5-inch guns were
the only quick firers above 6-pound-
ers in our neet, ana that they were
not only much more rapidly, but
v a 0
much more surely handled than were
the larger and slower firing guns.
The damage and loss of the American
vessels were trivial. The only loss
suffered was aboard the Brooklyn,
where one man was killed and one
wounded. In damage the cost of the
repairs shows that the Iowa suffered
most and the Oregon least.
The American ships engaged pos
sessed a more than twofold material
superiority over the Spanish ships,
and the difference in the handling of
their guns and their engines was
even greater. We have just cause to
be proud of the vigilance and instant
readiness our ships displayed and the
workmanlike efficiency with which
they were handled. The most striking
act was that of the Gloucester, a con
verted yacht, which her commander,
Wainwright, pushed into the light
through a hail of projectiles, any one
of which would have sunk her, in
order that he might do his part in
destroying the two torpedo boats,
each possessing far more than his own
offensive power.
HOW THE BATTLE WAS FOUGnT.
From the statements of the captains
above, from the official reports and
from the testimony before the Court
of Inquiry, the fight can be plotted
with absolute certainty in its impor
tant outlines, though there is conflict
as to niinar points. When the four
Spanish cruisers came out of the har
bor the New York had left her posi
tion in the blockading line 40 or 45
minutes before. She had hoisted the
signal, 'Disregard the movements of
the Commander-in-Chief,' but had not
hoisted the signal to the second in
command to take charge, which, as
appears by the signal book, was
sometimes, but not always, used
when the command was transfer
red. As soon as the engagement began
the New York turned and steamed
back, hoisting a signal to close in,
which, however none of the squadron
saw. She was in plain sight and not
very much farther fronTthe Eastern
most blockading ships than the latter
were from the Brooklyn, which was
the Westernmost of the line. As soon
as the Spanish fehips appeared the
five big American blockaders Harted
toward them in accordance with the
standing orders of Admiral Sampson.
After this first move each acted pure
ly on his own initiative, t-ur some
minutes the Spanish and American
vessels steadily approached one
another, aud the fighting was at its
hottest.
the Brooklyn's loop.
Then the already damaged Spanish
ships turned to the Westward, while
at the same time the Westernmost
American vessel, the Brooklyn. which
was nearest the Spanish line, turned
to the Eastward, making a loop of
three-quarter circle, at the end of
which she again headed Westward,
farther off from, and farther behind
the Spanish vessels than before the
loop had begun, but still ahead of
any of the American vessels, although
farther outside. The Texas, the next
ship to the Brooklyn, either was or
conceived herself to be in such jeopar
dy by the Brooklyn's turn toward her
that she backed her engines, coming
almost or quite to a standstill; so
that both the Oregon and the Iowa,
which were originally to the East
ward of her. passed her, and it was
some time after she again started be-
fore she regained her former position
relativelv to the Spanish vessels.
The Spanish vessels had straight-
ened out in column for the West, the
Colon going inside of the others, and
gradually forcing ahead of them,
without suffering much damage. The
two torpedo boats, which had follow
ed thera out of the harbor, were now
destroyed by the rearmost of the
American big vessels and the Glou
cester, vhich headed straight in for
them, paying no more heed to their
quick tiring guns than to the heavy
artillery of the forts.'to which she was
also exposed.
SCHLEY'S FLAGSHIP AHEAD.
In the running tight which follow
ed, until the Teresa, Oqnendo and
Viseaya were destroyed, the Indiana
the continued, fire until tha 1 J
of the three vessels went ashore. The
Brooklyn was ahead of any of the
other American vessels on a course
outside theirs; she was nearly broad
side on to the Spaniards. The Oregon,
Iowa and Texas were all close to
gether and actively engaged through
out this running fight. The Brook
lyn and Oregon, followed at some
distance by the Texa, then continued
in chase of the Colon, which went
nearly 30 miles farther before she
also went ashore. During this chase
of the Colon there was practically no
fighting.
These are the facts as set forth
above in the statements of the cap
tains and elsewhere in their official
reports and testimony. They leave
no room for doubt on any important
point.
THE QUESTION OF COMMAND.
The question of command is iu this
case nominal and technical. Admiral
Sampson's ship, the New York, was
seen at the outset of the fight from
all the other 6hips except the Brook
lyn. Four of these five ship captains
have testified that they regarded him
as present and in command. He
signaled "Close in" to the fleet as
soon as the first Spanish ship appear
ed, but his signal was not seen by
any American vessel. He was actual
ly under fire from Ihe forts, and him
self fired a couple of shots at the close
of the action with Lite torpedo boats,
In addition to signaling the Indiana
just at the close of the action. But
during. the action not a single order
from him was received by any
of the ships that were actively en
gaged. Admiral Schley at. the outset of the
action hoisted the two. signals of
"Clear ship" and""Close in," which
was simply carrying out the standing
orders of Admiral Sampson as to
what should be done if the
enemy's ships attempted to break
out of the harbor. Until after the
close of the first portion of the fight
at the mouth of the harbor, and until
after he had made his loop and the
Spanish ships were fleeing to the
Westward, not another American
noticed a sigual from him. When the
Western pursuit had begun the Ore
gon, and the Oregon only, noticed
and repeated one of his signals of
command. The captain of the Oregon
then regarded him as in command,
but did not in any shape or way exe
cute any movement or any action of
any kind whatsoever in accordance
with any order from him.
IT WAS A CAPTAIN'S FIGHT.
In short, the question as to which
of the two men, Admiral Sampson or
Admiral Schley, was at the time in
command, is of merely nominal char
acter. Technically, Sampson com
manded the fleet, and Schley as usual
the Western division. The actual
fact, the important fact, is that after
the battle was joined not a helm was
shifted, not a gun was fired, not a
pound of steam was put on in the
engine room aboard any ship actively
ebgaged, in obedienee to the order of
either Sampson or Schley, save on
their own two vessels. It was a cap
tains' fight.
Therefore the credit to which each
of the two is entitled rests on matters
apart faom the claim of nominal com
mand over the squadron; for so far as
the actual fight was concerned, neither
one nor the otker in fact exercised
any command. Sampson was hardly
more than technically in the fight.
His real claim for credit rests upon
his work as Commander-in-Chief,
i upon the excellence of the blockade;
upon tne preparedness oi tue sou an
ron; upon the arragement ot the ships
head-on in a semi-circle around the
harbor, and the standing orders in
accordance with which they instantlv
moved to the attack of the Spaniards
when the latter appeared. For all
these things the credit is bis.
MARKED THE BKOOKLVN S KECOKD.
Admiral Schley is rightly entitled-
as is Captain Cook to the credit of
1 what the Brooklyn did in the light.
On the whole she did well; but I agree
with the unanimous undine of the
three Admirals who composed the
Court of Inquiry as to the loop." It
seriously marred the Brooklyn's other
wise excellent record, being, in fact,
the one grave mistake made by any
American ship that day. Had the
Brooklyn turned to the Westward
that is, in the same direction that the
Spanish ships were going, instead at
1 in the contrary direction she would
i undoubtedly have been in more "dan
gerous proximity" to them. But it
would have been more dangerous for
them as well as for her!
This kind of danger must not be
too nicely weighed by those whose
trade it is to dare greatly for the
honor ef the flag. Moreover, the dan-
ger waa certainly not as great as that
which, in the self si me moment, men-
he drove forward against the foe. It
was not, in my judgment, as great
as was the danger to which the
Texas was exposed by the turn
as actually made. It certainly
caused both the Brooklyn and the
Texas materially to lose position
compared to the fleeing Spanish ves
sels. But after the loop had once
been taken Admiral Schley bandied
the Brooklyn manfully and well. She
and the Oregon were theneeforth the
headmost of the American vessels
though the Iowa certainly, and seem-
ingly the Texas also, did as much in
hammering to a standstill the Via
cava, Oquendo and Teresa, while the
Indiana did all her Eastward position
and crippled machinery permitted. In
the chase of the Colon the Brooklyn
and Oregon share the credit between
them.
M'KlNLEV'S RECOMMENDATIONS.
Under such circumstances it ap
pears to me that the recommenda
tions of President McKinley were
eminently proper, and that so far as
Admirals Sampson and Schley were
concerned it would have been "unjust
for him to have made other recom
mendations. Personally, I feel that
in view of Captain Clark's long voy
age in the Oregon and the condition
5- brou?" h,er
or service, as well as in the wav in
which he actually managed her before
and during the right, it would have
been well to have given him the same
advancement that was given to Wain
wright. But, waiving this, it is evi
dent that Wainwright was entitled to
receive more than any of the other
commanders; and that it was just to
Admiral Sampson that he should re
ceive a greater advance in numbers
than Admiral Schley there was noth
ing done in the battle that warranted
any uifusual reward for either. In
short, as regard Admirals Sampson
and Schley, I find that President Mc
Kinley did substantial justice.and that
there would be no warrant for re
versing his action.
Both Admiral Sampson and Ad
miral Schley are now on the retired
list. In concluding their report the
members of the Court of Inquiry,
Admirals George Dewey, Benham and
Ramsay, unite in saying that they
recommend that no further action be
had in the matter. With this recom
mendation I most heartily concur.
There is no excuse whatever from
either side for any further agitation
of this unhappy controversy. To
keep it alive would merely do damage
to the navy and to the country.
t h v n rw r sn nt t s r vv i t
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FOR EDUCATION IN THE SOUTH.
Wealthy Men Lay Ins Liberal Plans
For a Great and Lasting Undertak
ing. New York, Feb. 12. A movement
to organize educational work in the
United States, especially in the South,
on a scale larirer than has ever been
attempted heretofore, has been gain
ing strength rapidly in this city with
in a few weeks. It has attracted the
favor of a dozen or more men of great
wealth, among them John D. Rocke
feller and his son, who have deter
mined to give needed financial sup
port. Already several millions of
dollars are ready to be pledged to the
great undertaking, and abundant
means will be available as soon as the
plans of organization are completed.
While there have been frequent
conferences of late regarding the edu
cational organization to be formed, it
may be several weeks before the men
who are busy with the plans are ready
to apply for charters. So far as there
has been substantial aggreement,
however, the plans indicate the for
mation of a strong central educa
tional board, which will direct in a
general way the educational work to
be performed in various States by
branch organizations.
For a time the efforts of the organi
zation will be directed to educational
work in the South, but later on,
when Southern educational systems
and facilities have been brought up
to a high standard, the organization
probably will direct some of its ener
gies to educational work ia Northern
and Western States. The organiza
tion is to be formed on such a sub
stantial basis that it will be self-per-peluatiug,
and will be expected to
continue to increase in power and in
fluence long after the men who give
it a start are dead.
The great educational organization
will be in some measure a result of
the investigations made by the South
ern Educational Conference. For
several years men of means have been
induced to join in the conference over
plans for improving educational facil
ties in the Scr.th. It has been made
plain at such conferences thai the
South was too poor to provide for its
people, both white and black, as good
schools were needed.
Several of the men concerned in
the Southern Educational Conference
have been interested in the work done
under the supervision of boards of
trustees controlling the funds for
education in the South provided by
the late tleorge Peabody and John
Fox Peabody.
The Peabody education fund was
founded by Mr. Peabody in 1867 for
the cause of education in the South
ern and Southwestern States.
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JJIC. H. II. TUCK Kit.
DENTIST,
HKXDKItSOX, - - - - ' X.O.
lT"Offlce over Tho'ims" Ding Stoie.
JOHN HILL TUCKER
Physician and Surgeon,
HENDERSON. N.
Office (the late Dr Tucker's) in Vounn
& Tucker building, Main ktivet.
fta-y-Pnone No. qj.
G. A. CoggeshaH, M. D.,
Physician and Surgeon,
HENDERSON, N. C.
Ollice in Cooper Opera House Building.
ftdrPhone No. 70.
H. H. BASS,
Physician and Surgeon,
HENDERSON, N. C.
taPOffleo over Dorsey'a Drug Store.
D
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DENTIST,
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N. C.
t9Offlee
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Davis' store, Mala
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