Established 1899
Farmers Short Course Edition.
A Young Catawba
Farmer's Chance
Eugene Isenhour the Luckiest of
All the Ten Children
"BACK TO THE FARM."
Opportunity Today Beckons
to the Southern Boy from
the Midst of the Cotton
and the Corn
"No, I didn't get to go to
Lenoir College. It fell to my lot
to stay on the farm and take care
of the old folks. There were ten
of us boys and girls, and they
have nearly all gone out into the
world and are doing well. Sister
and I only are left on the old
home place. Somebody had to
stay and look after father and
mother. I know I'll always miss
education I was so anxious to
get. It will be a handicap all
through my life."
It was a sturdy young Catawba
county farmer, Lawrence Eu
gene Isenhour, who was thus
speaking to the Democrat, whose
editor in the genial company of
Mr. Frank A. Ciinard had driven
all the way from Hickory to
Taylorsville that day and thence
back homewards as far as Oxford
Ford. Night had fallen and a
place must be found to spend the
evening. The hospitable home
of Mr. Isenhour's father was
open to the tired wayfarers.
And such a home! A great
fireplace was aglow with huge
pine and oak logs, three feet
long. The genial warmth kept
one constant 5 / pushing his chair
a little farther back. In one
snug corner of the chimney place
sat Mr. Isenhour, the father, the
snow of life's winter on his head.
Next to him sat Mrs. Isenhour,
the mother, happy over the
thought that of a life work well
done—ten strong boys and girls
all grown, most of them married,
and all out in the world doing
the world's work.
The family circle was com
pleted when young Mr. Isenhour,
his pretty young wife and his
sweet young sister seated them
selves in the glow of the fire.
As they all sat there talking to
their grateful guests, the eight
members of the circle who were
off in cities and towns were keep
ing off the cold, not before glow
ing wood fires but with furnaces
under the house, with registers,
with stoves, or with smutty coal
heaped grrates.
When bedtime came and th o
travellers climbed the stairs to
the company room, what beds!
What splendid old time furniture!
What downy mattresses! What
amplitude and superabundance
of covers, layer after layer crop
ping out on the top n the
counterpane. Why there was
enough there to keep &. man
n T.-ooniand or Iceland or
the North Pole.
. a vau:e as the good wo
menfolk in the I&enhour family
set be tore the ravenously hungr>
traveller. Cream and butter
from a fine herd of Hereford*
Light-bread and fluffy biscuit*-
from the finest of wheat all
grown on the rolling farm lands
visible from the dining room
windows. Aromatic kraut;
potato custard, rich in flavor as
a plum pudding, and jellies and
jams galore, the saccharides
product of the orchard over the
hill. .
Food, shelter and raiment a
plenty, with the orchard and
vineyard's trophies as an extra.
To this little agricultural Canaan
of 150 acres, already being
brought to a high state of culri
vation by the raising of fine
stock, Gene Isenhour has already,
fallen heir by staying home to
take care of the old folks.
And yet when he spoke to the
Democrat man, there was a tone
to his voice which indicated that
he felt he had not had quite the
chance tne other boys had had.
Everv now and then, you know,
a Intter drops iritothe R F. D. box
up by the side Jot' the road, from
this boy over in Durham, anil
tnis other son and brother some
where out west, and it telis ot
achievement, ot promotion, of
success, (such as Catawba boys
always have) and then it is but
natural that a tiny touch of dis
appointment creep-, into a fel
low's heart, and he think-: "I
would have done that way too if
I had had such a chance.'l The
country boy has been allowed to
THE HICKORY DEMOCRAT
believe too strongly that the
town boy is the fellow who is
doing the world's bast work. It
isn't so.
They showed us a photograph
of the Isenhour family group. Ten
manly and womanly men and
women. And the favor to the
old folks in every face. What a
treasurer photograph of one of
these old-time, big families is!
Open, true, honest countenances
all. No wonder all these are
making a success in life.
And yet the best ch'ance of all
the chances that has come to any
iiember of the -Isenhour family
has come to Eugene Isenhour.
The trend of Opportunity used
to lie away from the farm and
into the city. Today Oppor
tunity has sneaked out of the
city by night and returned to the
country, to the farm, between
the plow handles. Opportunity
is standing out in the midst of
the cotton and the corn and
beckoning the young man of the
South.
Prove it? Easy enough! All
this chat in the magazines and
the newspapers about the cost of
living being so high is because so
many boys and girls have quit
the ountry and moved to town.
We can. tell the congressional
investigating committee the rem
edy without their spending so
much of Uncle Sam's money
junketing around and asking
questions. Write out your report
and say "Back to the farm."
Save money, save time, save
printing bills, save talk by sim
ply reporting "Back to the
farm."
Prove it? There never was a
time in the history of the coun
try when farming was made so
practicable. One of the Twenti
eth Century wonders of the
world is the farm literature of
the day. The farming magazines
are full of suggestions, based on
careful experiment and test, of
how to plow, how to sow, how to
fertilize, now to reap, how to
market the product, and all the
like of that. There never was a
time when the government lent
such intelligent aid to the farm
er as today. This is the day to
farm, and the boy who has come
up on the farm —and that boy
is the finest-trained boy in the
world —will make a life mistake
to go away off from the farm
and sit down, in town.
This was the burden of the
Democrat's message to Eugene
Isenhour as we went out to the
barn to hitch up for the trip
back home. (It was a new barn.
The old one was struck by light
ning some years ago and burned
down and Eugene did valient
work helping his father work
oack toward Easy Street after
this streak of bad luck.) Gene
listened to a sermon on farming
from one who has a sort of life
long disappointment that he never
plowed a furrow. The sermon
was preached from the point of
view of me man from town.
Young Isenhour slipped a hal
ter over the head of one of the
finest little mares, brown as a
chestnut and sleek and fat as one
too. He interjected remarks
ahout the fine points of the
horse in between the firstlies,
secondlie«, and thirdlies, of the
Democrat's sermon.
(A few days later Isenhour
came into town and ordered the
Progressive Farmer * and the
Democrat sent to his address for
a year. The Democrat is always
h ppy when a sermon makes a
convert.)
A* we drove on into town, our
thoughts lagged behind at the
Isenhour farm, and we felt our
selves wondering time and again
whv the lord of 150 acres in Ca
tawba, and the owner of a little
chesrnut mare like Dolly, could
ever lift his eyes in longing to
ward the town.
Gene Isenhour has the Golden
Chanc° of all the ten, and the
old folks for good measure!
H. A. B.
An Appreciated Comment
To the Editor of The Democrat:
I should like to add a word to
t he comments upon your paper.
Oar people are highly pleased
with the paper, the editor and
things in general in the Demo
crat and its affairs.
Your coming to our city has
filled a long felt want for a good,
wide-awake, up-to-date, clean
newspaper.
May your coming to our city
ba a good move for you and to
a I parties concerned.
READER.
Children Cry
FOR FLETCHER'S
CASTORI A
HICKORY, N.C., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1910.
importance of
Good Roads
R. L. ShuiorJ's Prize Article od
This Subject
UNANSWERABLE REASON
Taxation is the Only Way to
Build Roads—Mecklen
burg Set a Fine
Example
In view of the fact that this
paper is being distributed this
week among the farmers at the
short course at Lenoir College,
the Democrat is printing the ar
ticle on good roads by R. L. Shu
ford, of Oakwood Farm. The ar
ticle won the prize, at the Ca
tawba county Street Fair, which
was enterprisingly offered by
the Shuford National Bank, of
Newton. The subject is why Ca
tawba should Build Good Roads."
The best and strongest reason
is, that it is the best investment
we can possibly make. It will
pay a larger per cent profit for
the amount of money expended.
It will help, not only the farmers
and people living in the country,
but our towns well. If the coun
try makes improvement and is
Drosperous, the towns are sure to
be benefited. Good roads will
place our people nearer together,
closer to market, and eliminate
distance to a certain extent.
Would bring about a better
understanding between the coun
try people and town people. No
country can be built up and ful
ly developed without good roads.
It is almost an absolute necessity,
to make much headway in im
provement. Gx»d roads have the
same effect on the country that
railroads have— and it is plain
that we can make no progress
without railroads. The value of
all property is governed by the
distance it is from market. Good
roads mean cheaper transporta
tion and increased value of all
property.
Another good reason is that
adjoining counties are building
better roads, which will mean a
better market in their towns and
will take business from our own
country. It will not only take
business away from the county,
but will take a lot of our best
business men and farmers also,
for it is not hard for a man of
good business judgement to in
vest where property is growing
in value, which is always the
case where good roads are built.
Bad roads in Catawba County
are a. heavier tax on our people
than all other taxes combined,
and it is plain that we will have
better roads, until they are
worked by taxation. Our present
system is a costly one and we.
are getting nothing in return.
Taxation is way to
build good roads. The road tax
of Mecklenburg County is not
costing the country people as
much as Catawba, if we put a
reasonable valuation on our time
spent working the road. The re
sults in Mecklenburg County are
over two hundred miles of Mac
adam roads. Under our system
in Catawba, we i.ave gullies for
roads. The tax to build and keep
up the roads in Mecklenburg
County is, 20 cents per SIOO in
Charlotte township, and all other
townships is 10 cents additional.
So you will see at a glance that
it is cheaper. To say, a farm
that has 100 acres in cultivation
requires at least, two teams to
cultivate this size farm. In Ca
tawba the farms are, on an av
erage, 8 miles from market or
railroad, put the difference of the
amount of work done by each
horse at $5.00, hauling over good
roads and bad ones, which makes
S2O 00. ' A farm of this size usu
ally has two wagons and two
Other vehicles of some kind. Put
the saving at - $2.50 each and
you have the saving of SIO.OO
more, which wiil make $30,000.
The road tax on an average farm
of this size, at 20 cents per
hundred will not be over $3.00.
The objections, made by some
people, that we are too poor to
build good roads, is a mistake.
The fact is we are too poor not
to build them. Increasing tariff
makes the unimproved roads
worse and worse. On them the
cost of transportation is con
stantly increasing, and, unless
something is done, competition
will force us out of business,
ihere is not a single county in
the State, where road improve-
ment has been started, that the
people are not anxious to carry
it on as rapidly as possible. If
building good roads is good for
other counties, why would it not
be for Cftawba? The factory
and factory people all contribute
to the good road tax, and the
burden is therefore made lighter
for the farming interests. Good
roads, by stimulating business,
will increasr demand for labor,
so all labor will benefited.
Practically, all the money will
be spent right at home and will
not leave the county. With good
roads, our people can do their
marketing at times when farm
work is not pressing. As it is
now;.hauling to and from market
has to be done when our roads
will permit it. Seams often
stand idle for weeks waiting for
roads to dry, so that hauling can
be done.
Good roads, will, bv shorten
ing distance, very muck improve
our country Schools. As it is
now, many of our people who
are able, move to the towns to
educate their children.» This has
the tendency to croud the towns
and cities, to the disadvantage of
the country. To build up the
agricultural interests you must
make farm life more attractive.
This will be impossible to do
without better roads. Capital is
always invested where property
is increasing in value. With good
roads in Catawba County, land
value would double in a short
while. Some people argue, that
they do not want to sell, so that
increased land value will not
help them. This idea is not cor
rect, as it makes their property
worth ver much more to. them.
5 The Week in the t
Women's Clubs. J
Mrs. R. A. Grimes was the
hostess to the Round Dozen
Book Club on Wednesday after
noon, a round dozen in attend
ance.
After the quotations, and ex
change of commtnts o. \; books,
Mrs. Grimes told most caleriain
ingly of her book, "Antonio,"
and the author, Ernest Oldmead
ow.
Current events were discussed,
after which a • delicious supper
was served in the dining-room.
The table was beautiful; red car
nations, candles with red shades,
dainty hand-painted boxes of
candy tied with red ribbon, and
hand-painted place cards con
tributing to the pleasure almost
as much as did the delicious
heart-shaped biscuits, and cakes
and all the other good things.
For the last course, young mas
ter Grimes presented each guest
with a Valentine, a souvenir of a
most delightful afternoon.
The next meeting will be with
Mrs. Fox.
Mrs. L. R. Whitener enter
tained the Study 131ub on Thurs
day afternoon, 17th, and, in spite
of the rain, fourteen members
and two visitors were present.
Continuing the study of Hol
land, Mrs. Bost read a delightful
description of Zaandam and Alk
maar, and Miss Margaret Bost
sang "The Cork Leg," a legend
of Rotterdam, both of which
were much enjoyed.
Many items of current news
were given, and the club ad
journed to meet next with Ml-s.
W. H, Little.
A supper was served in the
dining room, the cherries, and
cheese straws and cakes of
hatchet shape being reminders
of the approaching birthday of
Washington.
Sky History Repeats Itself
There are two comets in the
heavens today, the newly dis
covered Comet A of 1910 and
Halley's Comet which is due to
be visible to the naked eye in
April or May. That history re
peats itself in the heavens above
as well as in the earth below is
evident from a paragraph in the
Piedmont Press (the Democrat's
predecessor), of July 2, 1874,
36 years ago. From the files of
the Press this item is gleaned:
"Another comet has been dis
covered in the vicinity of Jupiter,
so there are now two to be seen
in the heavens. The Richmond
Enquirer thinks if they should
be running on the same track, a
collision is imminent unless one
or the other switches off."
Children Cry
FOR FLETCHER'S
CASTO R I A
Bill of Quantities
Is Submitted
Material Necessary for the Pro
posed Creamery
GOVERNMENT FIGURES
Estimate For Just Such a Build
ing as Farmers of this
County Propose to
Establish
The following is the bill of
quantities for Creamery, G-1.,
made out by the U. S. Govern
ment. Catawba farmers are in
terested in this:
EXCAVATION
46 cubic yards. Cement, 148
bbls; Sand, 87 cubic yards; Stone,
78 cubic yards; Lime, 48 bbls.;
Hair, 4 bu.; Plaaster Paris, 230
lbs.
LUMBER
. Sills, 148 lineal feet, 2 x 10;
sills. 14 lineal feet, 2x6; plate,
168 lineal feet, 4x6; plate, 48
lineal feet, 4x4; plate, 14 lineal
feet, 4x4; Rafters, 66 pieces, 2
x 6, 22 feet long; 1 piece, 2x6,
20 ft. long; 10 pieces, 2x 6. 13
feet long; braces, 17 pieces, Ix 6,
16 feet long; Studs, 6 pieces, 2 x
4, 16 feet long; 7 pieces, 2x4,
18 feet long; 24 pieces, 2 x 10, 18
feet long, ceiling joints—lß
pieces, 2 x 10, 28 feet long; 14
pieces, 2 x 12, 20 feet long; 10
pieces, 2x6, 10 feet long. Par
titions —50 pieces, 2x4, 12 feet
long; 2 pieces, 2x4, 18 feet long.
Bridging, 16 pieces, 2x3, 16 ft.
long. Roof board, 3500 feet, B.
M., 1 x 10, T. &G. Walls, 2300
feet, B. M., 1 x 8, T. & G. Floor
ing—1800 feet, B. M., 1 x 6, T.
6 G.* r 75 feet, B. m., Ix 3, T. &G.
Refrigerator Walls—l3oo ft.,
B. M.,1x8, T. & G.; 800 feet,
B. M., 1x 3, T. & G.; 9 pieces,
2x2, 16 feet long: 38 pieces, 1
x 2. 16 feet long; 9 pieces, Ix 2,
10 feet long; 5 pieces, 2 x 6, 10
feet long. Ceiling, etc.—looo ft.,
B. m,l x 3, M. & B. ceiling;
1400 lineal feet, Ix 2, finishing;
34 bundles of laths. Roof and
outside walls—24,ooo shingles;
Bevel siding to cover 700 square
feet. Finish, etc. —375 Hneal ft.
crown mould; 375 lineal ft. facia;
375 lineal feet plancer; 375 lineal
feet bed mould; 110 lineal feet 1
x 5 finish; 1 piece 2 x 12, 8 feet
long (shelf); 4 pieces, 2x6, 12
feet long; 28 lineal feet, Ixß,
baseboard: 28 lineal feet, 3-4 x 5,
chair rail; 138 lineal feet, mould
ing; 120 lineal feet. 1-4 round.
Doors —2 pairs outside doors, 5 x
7 feet glazed with frames; 2 out
side doors, 3x7 feet with frames;
3 inside doors, 3x7 feet with
frames; 4 inside doors. 2 ft. 8
x 6 ft. 8 in. with frames; 1 re
frigerator door, 3 ft. x 6 ft. 6 in.
with frame. Windows.—9 win
dows 12 lights, 12 x 16 glass
double hung box frames for
brick?-2 windows, 12 lights, 12 x
16 glass double hung box frames
for wood; 1 sash, 6 lights, 12 x
16 solid frame (inside); 3 sash,
6 lights, 12 x 16 solid frame (out
side); 1 French window with
frame; 3 transom sash, Note:
All windows fitted complete with
cord, weights, catches, hinges,
etc.
Hardware, etc.—ls sq. damp
proof building paper; 250
sq. ft. expanded metal lathing;
200 sheets, 14 x 20, I. C: tin
(roofs); 20 sheets, 14 x 20, I. X.
tin (flashing); 1 wrought iron
window guard with hinges; 3
pair 8 in. heavy T. hinges with
screws; 13 pair loose pin butts
with screws; 2 foot bolts com
plete with screws; 2 chain bolts
complete with screws; 10
lock sets; 11 sash fasteners com
plete with screws; 3 pair butts
for transoms with screws, 3 tran
som lifters complete with screws;
6 4 in. barrel bolts; 1 pair extra
heavy galvanized T. hinges; 1
wrought iron refrigerator door
latch.
Nails. 35 pounds, 3d shin
gle; 30 pounds, 3d fine; 15 lbs.,
6d common; 175 pounds 8d com
mon; 15 pounds, 8d finish; 150
lbs., lOd common; 50 pounds, lOd
casing; 25 pounds, 20d spikes;
40 pounds, 20d common.
Mayor Wynne, of Raleigh, is
being praised by the State press
for refusing to allow an alleged
indecent show, "The Girl from
Rector's" to be presented-in Ral
eigh.
Democrat and Press,-Consolidated i 905
Honor Roll for the Fifth Month
First Grade, Section A —Albert
Chester. Marcellus Ken n edy,
Peter Abernethy, Joe Pearce,
Donald Johnson, Glenn Russell,
Virginia Bryan, Louise Cilley,
Clarissa Abernethy,
First Grade, Section B —Reid
Poovey, Ollie Wells, William
Ballew, Stedman Councill, Mary
Miller, James Whitener,
Second Grade—Louis White
ner, John Springs.
Third Grade, Sec. A—Luther.
Miller, Vernon Long, Moses Ken- 1
nedy, Harley Chester.
Third Grade, Sec. B.—Aileen
Aiken, Annie Killian, Jessie Pat
rick, Clinton Cilley, Nelson
Harte, Donald A. Shuford, Ernest
Swaringer, James Swaringer,'
Stewart Whitener, Clement Geit-)
ner.
Fourth Grade.—Ola Deitz, Earl
Edwards, Robert Garth, Helen
Springs, Harvey McComb, Harry
McComb, Charles Menzies, Robert
White, Miriam Whitener, Shu
|ford Whitener, Willie Bryan.
Sixth Grade. —Oscar Deaton,
Clara Zerden.
Eighth Grade. —Claude Aber
nethy, Millie Kate McComb, Ed
gar Lytle, Antha Lytle, Adelyn
McComb, Edgar Fox, Kate El
liott, Fannie Chester.
Ninth Grade.—Estelle Payne,
Grace Patrick, Sam Hawn, Leroy
Deaton.
Tenth Grade. —Mabel Cooper,
Addie May Michael, William
McComb, Henry Whitener.
Deaths at Rollins
Correspondence of the Democrat
Rollins, Feb. 23. —The snow
storm was hard on our R. F. I>.
carriers. Our carrier, Ed Garri
son. passed here at 3 p, m. but
did not reach Morganton until
9p. m. His horse gave out after
falling down three times, and
Herbert Walton loaned him one
so he could complete his tr^j.
Mrs. Jane Crawford of Hen
nessee died week before last,
after a lingering illness and was
buried at Missionary Cemetery.
She owned a small farm next to
Tom Norman and she and her
daughter, Lettie, carried it on.
Besides her daughter, Lettie, she
left one other daughter and a
son. Last week the personal
property was sold and as soon as
possible the farm will be sold.
Lettie Crawford will go to live
with her brother Walter who
lives near Henrietta.
Mrs. Katie Settlemier died
week before last and was buried,
in the private cemetery of the
family. She had been sick for
some time. She leaves four
daughters and two sons.
Rollins Local of .the Farmer's
Union is growing rapidly. Nearly
every meeting seeing one or more
members initiated.
Mrs. James Holland who has
been very sick is greatly im
proved and out of danger.
OPTIMIST.
A Trio of New Families
Hickory deems herself fortu
nate indeed to add to her social
life all at one time, as it were,
the three families of Messrs. W.
C. Thompson, 0. K. McCartney
and A. M. West who come here
to launch the Thompson-McCart
ney-West Co., the new dry goods
notions, shoe and furnishing
store already referred to by the
Democrat in previous issues. To
draw three representative North
Carolina families all at one time
is unusual good fortune.
The families of Mr. West and
Mr. Thompson have been here
for some time. The McCartneys
came .in from Henderson ville
last week and have taken the
Martin residence.
Mr. McCartney has had a large
experience as a merchant in
Beckley, W. Va.
Mr. Thompson was for 17 years
a merchant at Stanley, Gaston
county, and for part of this time
Mr. West, who is his son-in-law,
i? moiiitsi with him.
These able business men have
cast their eye over the state at
large and even over the border
to other states, particularly
Texas, in seeking an enlarged
field for their energies and capi
tal, and have settled upon Hick
ory as the most promising loca
tion they could find. The Demo
crat believes that all their expec
tations will be more than realized.
Catawba Ships
Carloads of Eggs
One (My Store Has Bonght
SSOO Worth a Month
HAVE PURE BREEDS
"Redwood" Thinks the Ideal
Chicken Should be a Com
if v
bination of Layer and
Eater
Written for the Democrat.
I read with a great deal of
. pleasure the article of Mr. P. C.
Henry in last week's Democrat
on "Pure Bred Poultry." The
manner in which Hr. Henry
handles his subject? shows that
he not only has the "hen fever"
but that he has made a study of
the business of raising pure bred
poultry. We can not too strong
ly emphasize the necessity of
having poultry that is not only
pure bred but that is well bred.
The difference between pure
bred poultry and mongrels is the
difference between success and
failure.
Probably it is not known to
very many of the Democrat's
subscribers that Catawba county
already ranks among the first if
not the very first county in the
state in the production of eggs
and poultry.
For some time last spring
a car load of eggs was shipped
from Hickory to the Northern
markets every week. v
To give a better idea of the
size and importance of the egg
business, the country store of
which the writer is manager, has
bought as many as $500.00 worth
of eggs in one month. There is
already quite a number of breed
ers of poultry in the county and
we would like to see the number
increased.
The poultry exhibit at the Hick
ory Fair last October ,va&' r
credit to the county, taking into
consideration the short time in
which the exhibitors had to get
their stock in shape for exhi
bition. We want to see another
poultry show this fall.
There is no reason why Catawba
should not have a Poultry Asso
ciation. We understand that
there is a movement on foot to
have another Fair this fall, but
if there is no fair there is enough
good poultry in the county to
have a Poultry Show anyway.
We heartily agree with every
thing that Mr. Henry says in his
article except he says that a
farmer should make a specialty
of either breeding stock, fatten
ing young chickens, or eggs. In
our opinion, no breed that ex
cels in any of the qualities
named by Mr. Henry, makes an
ideal farmer's fowl. For in
stance, some of the American *
breeds, Plymouth Rocks, Wyan
dottes, Rhode Island Reds, etc.,
COMBINE all the good qualities
that we want in an ideal farmer's
"chicken."
We are fully aware of the fact
that the Mediterraneans, of
which the Leghorn is a type,
hold the world's record for the
production of eggs, but what the
average farmer wants is a fowl
that will not only lay a goodly
amount of eggs, especially in
winter when eggs are high, but
a fowl that will make a fine table
dish when the "preacher
comes" —or when he don't come.
After all the breed is only a
matter of choice and every farm
er should decide on that breed
which he thinks will suit him
best—anything before scrubs—
and breed that breed, as near to
the Standard of Perfection as
possible.
The better the quality of your
fowls, the more you will think of
them; the more you think of
them the better you will treat
them; the better you treat them,
the better they will pay you.
If vou have not already had the
fever" get infected at once; it
not only means pleasure but
profit. "REDWOOD."
An Unusual Cloud
A cloud of unusual appearances
was seen in the sky early Satur
day morning.
It was a peculiar round rolling
form and extended from the ex
treme southwest corner of the
sky to the extreme Northeast
and was of a pure white color.
It resembled the milky way,
but it was much larger in size,