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THE JOURNAL GIVES YOU THE NEWS WHILE IT IS NEWS. PAY YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WHEN THE YOUNG LADIES CALL ON YOU. Don't Put Them O ' the Monroe Journal ' PUBLISHED TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS. VOL 20. No. 78. MONROE, N. O, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1914. ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. PULL FOR THE SHORE. PRESENT SLEEPERS NEED SEVER- AWAKE. Contestants Who Do Sot Work This at Right Time Are What Count. Rome was not built la a day, nor ; can a contest like this be won in a week. Work must be done right straight along till the close. No con testant should slacken her pace dur ing these important days. From No?. 17 to Nov. 30 Is the biggest period in the Journal's An nual Subscription Contest. Nearly all of that period is gone. Yet there i.s time to accomplish wonders, and there is no question that something is happening. One great thing that Is happen ing is: Contestants who have never been real busy before are out after subscriptions this week. Another thing of equal importance is the fact that there are nearly three times as many people coining in and voting for favorites as in any other week. Some continue to stand by the con testant who seems to refuse to stand by herself. Your friends, contestant, are sorry that you are making no bet ter use of your time or on the other hand are rejoicing that you are com i.lng along so well. Don't ever figure 'that no one is watching you, for it is the business of TheJournal readers now, also of the people of the county in general to watch the work of the contestants. The friends of the leaders are boasting that they never get fooled in making a choice while the loyal friends of the ones who are apparently dragging themselves through are not so well elated, yet deep down In their hearts they are wishing that you would get busy and help them disprove that winners are born and not made. Any young lady who is in this contest can get sub scriptions if she will. H If she does not, then her friends are fooled in her. No one need console herself that she will wait for the last week and then come in, tor she cannot outstrip the contestants that have been dili gently working all through the con test with one week's work. Of rourse the last week will be the biggest week of all but next to it this Is the greatest. Contestants who wish to win will make use of their opportu nity this week. Following is the voting scedule for this week, also the old schedule which will be in effect after Monday night. Compare tliem and you will see where it is important to work this week: FOR THE WEEK KADI Ml MOX DAY SIGHT, SOVE.MHK.lt SO. "A A A A A A ! A A After this week is over the old vote schedule will be in force. Look at it here, and compare it with above: SCALE OF VOTES FOn NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS. A 1- year subscription 5,000 votes. A 2-year subscription 12,000 votes. A 3-year subscription 20,000 votes. A 4-year subscription 30,000 votes. A 5-year subscription 40,000 votes. FOR RENEWALS. A 1-year renewal .... 3,000 votes. A 2-year renewal .... 7,000 votes. A 3-year renewal .... 12,000 votes. A 4-year renewal .... 18,000 votes. A 6-year renewal .... 25,000 votes. Marshville Items. Marshville Home. . Mr. Pearl Rlgglns, son of Mr. E. J. Riggins of Lanes Creek township, and Miss Ruby Gale, daughter of Mr. W. D. Gale of west Marshville township, 'were married Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Riggins have many friends who wish them well. Mr. J. ''.. Green has purchased the Dr. Green old place, two miles south of town, from his brother, Capt. 3. H. Green of Monroe. Mr. J. Z. Green will be at Fain lew school house in east Marshville town ship, next Saturday night for the pur- pose of organizing a local Farmers' Union. Congressman R. N. Page, In his statement to the Government as to campaign expenses, as the law re quires, says that his expenses in se curing his nomination amounted to $935.91 and $1,130.00 was spent in the campaign after the nomination, making a total of $2,965.91. Field Marshall Lord Roberts was burled in London Thursday. His body, borne on a gun carriage, mov ed slowly through the streets of Lon don to its last resting place in St. Paul's cathedral. The streets were i Inert with troops, while thousands of ivillans stood with bared heads in a cold rain as the funeral cortege passed. AXOTHEK BATTLE AT WAX HAW. When lick and Pistol Met Thing Got Lively and Kept So a Long Time. Waxhaw Enterprise. A rousing rough and tumble fight v.. pulled off on the streets of Wax haw between two militant sons of Ham Monday morning, the perform ers being John Simmons and Rob Montgomery. Rob owed John a cer tain sum of money for the building of a chimney and these being hard times John naturally wanted what was coming to him. Therefore, John decided that the best way to get it was to ask for it. So be approached Rob in front of the A. W. Heath Co. store and requested the cash. He made Rob mad because he didn't like to be dunned on the street. Then John let fly a huge boulder at Rob's dome. The rock went wild and the boys clinched. After some lively scuffling they fell to the ground with John on top. Having this advantage in position John put one hand about Rob's throat and slugged him sav agely with his fist. Under this con dition Rob soon called for the calf rope. Shortly after the tight Rob's face looked like he had gone through a wasp nest. Yesterday morning hostilities be tween the belligerents were renewed with much more serious consequen ces. Early in the day Rob came to town armed with heavy artillery. While perambulating the streets and yearning for the sweetness of re venge he came face to face with his bated enemy, John Simmons, in front of Mr. J. L. Rodman's office. John had a pick on his shoulder. Rob had a thirty-eight in his pocket. With out exchange of greetings both sides prepared for the battle. Rob pulled his pistol and began to flro while John waded in with his pick. John got shot twice, one bullet taking ef fect in the left breast and the other In the right leg. Neither wound is considered fatal. Rob received a heavy blow from the pick on the cra nium. After the clash John with drew from the battle and sought re inforcements in the shape of a shot gun. Rob reloaded his revolver on the battle ground and began his re treat through town. John made a vigorous pursuit, but neutral powers intercepted him and hold in check while Rob, without interruption, wall'ed out of town, carrying his pis tol In his hand. John's wounds were dressed by Dr. Thomas E. Craig. Hob's whereabous are unknown. White Man killed White Man. Waxhaw Enterprise. A homicide occurred In the Taber nacle section last week in which Mr. John Campbell met death at the hands of Mr. Hey Steele. The trouble originated several weeks ago when Steele went to the home of Campbell ostensibly for the purpose of buying a dog. Mr. Campbell was not at home, Mrs. Campbell was there but she did not care to sell the dog. lie fore leaving Mr. Steele is said to have Insulted the good woman. When Campbell came home and heard about it he got mad all over and went in search of the offender. He overtook Steele and assaulted him with great violence and broke his jawbone. They say Steele was drink ing. Last Saturday they met at the gin. Bey had his jay tied. He also had his brother Mart with him. The quarrel was renewed. Campbell shot Mart Steele in the arm. Iley Steele shot Campbell, Inflicting a body wound from which he died next day. The report Is that Campbell wa3 a German. MANY PARDONS (JHAXTED. Governor Blensc Extended Clemency to Mure thnn n Hundred Prisoner on Thiii'ks'iU Inn Ke. Governor RIease late Wednesday granted pardons, paroles or commu tations to 101 prisoners then serving sentences in the South Carolina peni tentiary or in the county convict squads. There wil be fewer than 50 prisoners in the State prison at Co lumbia. Clemency now has been extended to 1,430 prisoners by the Governor since he assumed the office In Jan uary, 1911. His second term as the State's Chief Executive will expire January 12, 1915. Included in the list of prisoners released were 16 serving life sen tences for murder, 31 sentenced to from two to 39 years imprisonment for manslaughter, and 54 serving terms for minor offenses. One man convicted of murder and sentenced to be electrocuted was given a com mutation to five years Imprisonment Fifty four of the number given clemency are white men. Forty-six are negroes and one Indian. Capt. Den B. Dailey, for many years a life saver at the Hatteras station on the North Carolina coast, died a few days ago at his home in Dare county, aged 73. Capt. Dailey was known from one end of the coast to the other by old mariners for his bravery. He was presented with a gold medal by Congress in 18S4 for bravery In rescuing the crew of the schooner Ephriam Williams, which went ashore oft Hatteras during a storm. Earl Cotton of Raleigh, serving a 30-year term for murder; Earnest Mills of Wilmington, serving a sen tneco for breaking into stores In Ral eigh; J. D. Watson, Henry Able, George Ryan and Llnnle Houck, all State convicts, escaped from the State prison farm In Falifaz county Friday night t WILL XOT FEED BEIvGIAXS. So Truth in the Statement that Ger man Would Supply Food if other Did Sot. London, Nov. 25 7:50 p.m. The American commission for releif in Belgium issued the following state ment today: "With regard to a statement pub lished in America and credited to General Von Frankenberg, Governor of Antwerp, that if America had not been so kindhearted as to send food stuffs to Belgium the Germans them selves would have considered it their duty to bring food from Germany, we cannot conceive that the German Governor of Antwerp ever authoriz ed such a statement and believe the report is unfounded. "The following cities through their represcnatives had made repeated apeals to the German representatives In Antwerp for food: Malines, Llerre, Wlllebroeck. Boom, Duffel, Torhagen, St. Nicholas, Coutich and Wahlen. They were refused. "Last Friday two town councillors of Antwerp came to our head quart ers in Rotterdam and stated that they had been released by the Ger man authorities under a bond of 5, 000,000 francs ($1,000,000) to ob tain help for the destitute of Ant werp and on their urgent representa tion we sent 540 tons of supplies to Antwerp. IMPORTATION REFUSED. "The provinces of Llmberg and Luxemburg, adjoining the , German frontier, have made repeated appeals to the Germans for the right to buy food in Germany and import it into Belgium and have been consistently refused. "There are only a few instances which make it impossible for us to believe that any such statement as tho one referred to was authorized by a responsible German official. "If the Germans are prepared to feed the Belgians an early an nouncement to that effect and an or ganization for that purpose will be Immediately required to save the lives of millions of people. As re gards the report that no one i.s starving in Belgium the official state ments of the Spanish and American Ministers in Brussels, the appeals of Cardinal Mercier and the daily de tailed accounts from every source of wide-spread suffering prove that such a report i;i cruelly false and that there ara considerably more than n millon and a half people dependent on the soup kitchens, as the present movement is in itself sufflcent evidence." Farewell Service of llev. .Mr. Abcr nelhy. Rev. J. E. Abernethy and family ar rived Tuesday night and were made Immediately at home in the Central Methodist parsonage. The Gastonia correspondent of the Charlotte Ob server gave the following account of the farewell service of Mr. Abernethy at Gastonia last Sunday: Rarely Is It the privilege of a pas tor, when the time comes for him to leave a town for some new field of labor, to witness such expressions of genuine regret as were manifested Sunday morning at Main Street Methodist church when Rev. J. E. Abernethy, the retiring pastor, bade his congregation farewell after hav ing served the charge most faithfully for a period of three years. A re markable circumstance In connection with the deep feeling shown by the ai'dienee was the fact that the ser mon in itself had no 'connection whatever with a farewell or parting service. Mr. Abernethy's text was "All things work together for good to them that fear God" and his sub ject was "Christian Optimism." At the conclusion of the sermon Mr. Abernethy, in a very brief state ment, bade his congregation goodbye and there was hardly a dry eye in the congregation. After the congre gation had been dismissed members of tho congregation, almost with out exception, shook hands with Mr. Abernethy and wished him success and God-speed in his new field of labor. Sunday night, at the regular union service of the uptown churches, Mr. Abernethy again preached and his discourse on the subject "The Bible a Book of Stars" was declared by many to have been one of the best sermons ever heard here. His text was "The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament showeth His handiwork. Day unto day utter eth speech and night unto night showeth knowledge." The church was crowded to Its utmost capacity, many standing throught the service. The pastor of the church, Rev. W. C. Bar rett, and Rev. J. H. Henderlite, pas tor of the First Presbyterian Church, participated in the service, express ing their regret, as pastors, at Mr. Abernethy's departure. Rowan county officers also go on tho salary basis December 1st. Un der the Rowan law the county com missioners fix the salaries and In or der to do this Intelligently all the officers have been required to keep an account of fees collected the past y ar and this will be used as a basis for the amount of salary allowed. Judge Walter H. Neal of Laurin burg, whose father, Geo. W. Neal, was a local Methodist preacher, has given the North Carolina Conference $500 to be invented by the presiding cider of Rockingham district, the an nual income to be used for an annual sermon to be preached in Laurinn burg on "Methodism; What It has Been, What it is Now and What it Hopes to be in the Fu'ure." THE GIFTS HONORED. Ship Sent From I'nlted States With Toys Given Great Reception in England. Plymouth Dispatch, Nov. 25th. A dinner, given today by the Earl of Beauchamp, first commissioner of works In the British cabinet, in honor of the officers of the Santa Claus ship Jason, closed a day in which the British foreign office and the citizens of Greater Plymouth manifested heartfelt appreciation of the King of the country for the 6,000,000 Christ mas gifts sent by the United States to the children in the war zone. Following the Jason's arrival at Davenport today American flags floated over every public building in Plymouth and from the main masts of all warship and commercial craft in the harbor. Hundreds of women visited the Jason, after the official reception of the vessel. Admission to the navy yard at Davenport was by card, but thous ands stood outside the gates to view the ship from a distance. Fifty covers were laid for the din ner tonight in the Royal Hotel. The British army and navy were repre sented by the commandants of the Plymouth fortress and the navy yard. Mayor Baker of Plymouth and Major Waldorf Astor were guests. The Earl of Beauchamp replied to the toast "The King," while Francis Dyke Ackland, under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, responded to "the President of the United States." Lieut. Commander Courney, replying to a toast to "The Christmas Ship," replied: "The American navy Is glad to discharge such a mission as this a service which appeals to my heart. Thousands of little ones at home wished the Jason Godspeed." John Callan O'Laughlin, represent ing 200 newspapers In the United States which assisted in collecting the Christmas gifts, speaking to the toast "The Children of America," re viewed the work of those who made the Jason's trip possible. The Earl or Beauchamp read this telegram from Lord Kitchener: "l'lcase express on my behalf and that of the ltritish army, our cordial appreciation and grateful thanks for the kind thought of the American people. The welcome freight the Ja son carries will bring pleasure to the homes of many of those whose fath ers are away." SLAIN AND ItlRNED. Prominent Lawyer of Florida mid His llaugliter Perished in the Ruins of Their Home. Miami, Fla., Dispatch, Nov. 22nd. Two persons were killed with an axe in a costly country residence near here early today and the house then destroyed by fire, with the evident in tention of concealing the crime. The dead are Adam A. Boggs, a widely known Florida lawyer, and Majorle Boggs, his daughter. The attorney was 4 5 and the young wo man 18 ycar3 old. Neighbors found the charred bod ies in a search of the ruins of the residence. The skulls of both had been crushed. While a motive of the double mur der has not yet been established to the full satisfaction of the authori ties they are working on the theory that the crime was committed by burglars who were discovered In the house by the lawyer and his daugh ter. The blood-stained ao used in the rrlme was found late today hidden under shrubbery near the site of the burned residence. An empty puree also was found. An investigation of the ruins has revealed several small articles of jewelry, but nothing of value has been located, thus tending to support the robbery theory. Mr. Hoggs was alone in the resi dence during the early part of last night. Ilis daughter was attending a social function nearby and Mrs. Boggs is visiting at Lake Placid, N. Y. Miss Boggs returned home short ly after midnight The Doggs family has been promi nently Identified with the educational and religious development of the South. Dr. William E. Boggs, former chancellor of the University of Geor gia, and a Presbyterian minister who lives In Atlanta, is the father of the dead lawyer. George H. Bog.ss, a brother, Is a member of the faculty of the Georgia School of Technology In Atlanta. Dr. Doggs of Baltimore and Lu clan Boggs of Jacksonville, Fla., are two other brothers. The dead attor ney was a graduate of the Uunlver sity of Georgia. Governor Goethals has held that the Panama Canal is not liable for demurage charged through delays caused by earth slides In the canal. The point arose In the case of the big steamer Arlsona, held up for a week by the second movement of the new Culebra slide, October 31. It is possible the case will figure In the courts, as the company owning the steamer lost about $4 50 a day by the detention. Capt. Frank Burkitt. once candi date for the vice presidency of that branch of the Populist party known as the "middle of the road" fraction and in 1895 Populist candidate for Governor of Mississippi, died at Okolona, Miss., lart week. Captain Burkitt has been affiliated with the Democratic party during the recent years and was a member of the Miss issippi Senate at the time of his death. He was a native of Tennes see. He was 71 years old. FROM TRENCH TO TREXC'H. French and Germr.ns Lie Concealed 300 Feet Aurt in Inrtance Conversation Can be Heard Across the Intervening Ground on Field of Battle. Paris Dispatch, Nov. 25. Tie trenches of the opposing ar mies between the Oise and Somme are at some points only 300 feet apart according to Havas dispatch from the front. The correspondent says a French officer, acting as guide for fifteen newspaper men, told them when they approached the firing line they must be silent, "for the enemy can hear us." The correspondent continues: "Face to face and within range of each other, men were shooting each other down, pointblank, while from every ridge and every mound, covered with four inches of snow, unseen batteries completed the tur moil of war. 'Here and there a head rises cau tiously above a white crested trench. There are six quick, rhots and then the head disappears, as though swallowed by a sea of snow. This is all spectators see of the hundreds of thousands of men in the burrows. "The vast chambers roofed over with the branches of trees and with stout wooden pillars in front sup porting sacks of earth, protect the' men inside alike from shells and the tempests. These are underground forts for modern warfare, with sani tary ditches, kitchen for the mess and bunks for the riflemen awaiting their turn on the firing line. "In front artes an ancient wind mill, neutralized without the form of an armistice, whence provisions are brought to the trenches of both the combatants. Further on the trenches are so near each other that the Ger mans and French exchange newspa pers. "Complicated barbed wire defenses protect tho trench here from sur prise. At a converging point on one spot stands a building at the walls of which the enemies arrived at the same time, and a German rifleman, breaking a hole through a wall, thrust a bayonet under the nose of a French sentinel. "This is the spot where t he situ ation was critical for the French 10 days ago and where a brigadier gen eral saved the day uid gained the stripes of a general commander of an army. "To the l ight and left black clouds from bursting German shells are in terpersed by chimney stacks from which the smoke of Industry coils up as in days of peace. Farther down appears the crumbling ruins of Arras, where the war has been more pitiless and where no industry re mains standing. "From Airas, where German shells still rage, to the Bassee Canal, a tug of war continus across the same dead-line as during the last three months. Over this line bullets whis tle and shells screech unceasingly. Dark clouds that mark the targets of the German heavy artillery stand .out in gruesome relief against a back ground of snow." IT WAS A FRIENDLY WARNING Turks Fired to Warn American Launch of .Mines in the Harbor. Turkey has explained voluntarily to the United States Government, through Ambassador Morgenthau, that shots fired tow ards the American cruiser Tennessee's launch Monday, 16th, was intended merely nr. the customary warning that the port of Smyrna was mined and closed to nav igation. Alihoiiuli the Information is Infor mal, It Is admiled at tiie White House and the State and Navy de partments that all danger of seri ous complications had dissappeared. Ambassador Morgenthau reported that two members of the Ottoman cabinet had fully explained the oc currence and Washington officials said his message was filed before in structions seni to him from Washing ton lo discuss the subject officially with the grand vizer could have been received. President Wilson and his cabinet regard the informal explana tion as a certain precursor of a satis factory formal explanation and guar antee by the Turkish government for the protection of Americans and their interests. It is reported (hat the Turkish minister of the Interior notified the American Ambassador that the com mander of the Tennessee had at tempted to visit Smyrna in his steam launch, passing through the mine zone, contrary to the Turkish gov ernment's regulations, and that the boat had been stopped by warning shots fired toward her. He added that the governor general, after the incident, had offered to take the of ficer overland In his automobile, which is taken as evidence of entire lack of hostile intentions. Estimate of Union County Crop. Under date or Nov. 25th, Mr. G. E. Flow of Monroe writes Mr. John B. Turner of Memphis, Tenn., as follows In regard the county crop: Dear Sir: From partial data, observatlon.and consensus of opinion. It Is concluded that the crop of 1914 of this county is 2S.259 bales. And It Is further concluded that, owing to the fact that two-thirds of the crop was late, this la a 20 per cent less yield than the acreage planted to cotton would have produced under normal conditions. Very trulv yours, GEORGE E. FLOW. RUSSIANS DEFEAT GERMANS HIT LORD KITCHENER SAYS HE WILL .NEED MOHE MEX. War lcadcr M.wle a Speech Yester day Telling of the Situation Brit ish. Recruits X umber Thirty Thou sand Per Week Russians Claim to Have Defeated the (icrman With Heavy Isses. London Dispatch, Nov. 2lih. "The Russians have defeated the Germans with the heaviest loss as yet suffered." "The Germans have made no ad vance since I last addressed this House," and the "British are in touch with Turkish forces 30 miles east of the Seuz Canal" were the salients of a speech made by Field Marshal Earl Kitchener in the House of Lords this afternoon. Lord Kitchener paid tribute to the gallantry of the Belgian army and to King Albert. He said the Allies losses, though great, were slight com pared with those of the enemy. The Russians, he announced, have defeated the Germans, having inflict ed heavier losses than the lalter ever suffered before. Regarding recruiting he said he still had room for men, and he was confident that men would answer. "The time will come when we shall require many more and I will then make it thoroughly well known," the field marshal said and added that in the meantime all the gaps In the British forces on the continent had been filled. Referring to the Gernan advance on Dunkirk and Calias after the capture of Antwerp, Lord Kitchener mentioned that a British calvary di vision extended over seven miles of trenches threw back the fierce at tacks of a whole German army corps for more than two days. The ar rival of the Indians on the scone, he said, proved a great advantage and when the fresh reinforcements pushed forward the German march on Calais stopped. Lord Kitchener spoke nNo of thi splendid lighting ;u:tlitios of tho French troops. "In the eiiiiy dajs of November," he raid, "no less than II amy corps were attacking British petition. At this critical period the English Di vision was dispatched from K:i:iand to join the forces in the field anil the valuable cooperation of our Allies on our left materially strength ened the British position. "On November 11a s uprcr.ie ef fort was made by the Germans. The Prussian Guard was ordered to force Its way through our lines at all costs, and to carry I hem by sheer weight of numbers. Hut this des perate attempt failed like its prede cessors. "Strong French reinforcements oc cupied a considerable, portions of the British trenches in front of Ypres, and with their front thus appreci ably shortened the British who, for over 14 days and nights never had left the trenches, vere enabled to enjoy a partial rest." Several battalions of territorials, Lord Kitchener announced, had join ed the British forces and had made themselves felt. Lord Kitchener briefly touched on the Turkish intervention nnd said tho Russians were successfully ad vancing In the CaiiciiKU1! while a:i Indian expeditionary force had twice defeated the Turks nl 'lie head of the Persian Gulf and were nl;;j In touch with n Turkifh force 30 miles to the east of the Suez Canal. Two-Thirds of the Orphui Children in The Stale I 'mured For. Oxford Orphan' Fritnl 11 will come as a distlnsl shoe!; and surprise to most people fo bo told that there are over 8,000 resti tute orphan children In our State. Mind you, destitute orphan children, and of these something over 2.1'eo or less than 30 per cent are being cared for In the orphanages In the Sta'e. The orphanages are doing all they can for them, but their facili ties are not great enough to meet the requirements of the orphan ritu ation in North Carolina. The Insti tutions are crowded to overflowing and are not able to reach out and rescue one-third of the helpless chil dren that so badly seed help. They are doing a wonderful work in the care for this less than one-third, but the other two-thirds are left to drift and sink without a helping hand be ing raised to support them. The pub lic knows a great deal about poltce and Jails and diseased conditions of the body politics and of individuals, but it knows distressingly little of the host of children that know not whith er to turn in their dire need. It should he put in possession of the facts In connection with orphanages, and, being a kind-hearted, sympa thetic public, we r.re sure that the disparity Indicated above will grad ually be reduced when It has been so Informed and the information is properly digested. Willi all the rich resources and fine oportunities in North Carolina, it does not Feem right that every year nearly 6.000 orphan children are left In such a pitiful condition. The Best Sot Wanted. Boston Transcript. Doctor You have a bad case of gout. The best course for you is to take no wine, no beer, no alchohol in any form, no cigars Fatient Hold on doctor, what's next best? Week Will Lose th Opportunity of Their Uvea Can't Win on the Work of Last Week Steady Licks NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS. 1- year subscription ,, 7,500 2- year subscription 18,000 3- year subscription 30,000 4- year subscription 45,000 5- year subscription . . . . . 1 60,000 10-year subscription 160,000 OLD SUBSCRIPTIONS. 1- year renewal 4,500 2- year renewal 10,500 3- year renewal 18,000 4- year renewal 27,000 5- year renewal 40,000 10-year renewal 100,000
The Monroe Journal (Monroe, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 27, 1914, edition 1
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