THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVERYBODY READS IT."
THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVER YBO DY EDS rT."
'he Monroe journal
PUBLISHED TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS
VOL.23. No. 14.
MONROE, N. C, FRIDAY, MARCH 23, 1917.
$1.50 PER YEAR CASH.
IF AMERICA WAGES WAR
IT WILL BE DEFENSIVE
XO AMBITION FOR territory
Political Diffrcnres Are Forgotten A
Country Drift Toward War.
The next 9 days, until congress
meets, -will be days of tense anxiety,
of eager wailing and watching,
fraught with possibilities of tremen
dous consequences to the United
States.
President Wilson and his advisers
In the cabinet and in congress have
no Intention that war shall be de
clared by the United States. By the
hostile acts of German submarines
they believe the Imperial German
Government is actually making war
on the United States, and that it shall
be recognized as such a ftate. To
meet such a condition, the armed
forces of the country and nil the Na
tional resources are to be put in a
state of readiness. Then whether the
"a'ion shall enter the war in its full
isi-use will depend upon how much
further Germany carried her acts of
agression.
In every sense, war. If it actually
conies, will be a defensive war, free
from ambition of spoils or territory
in which the United Stales, the Presi
dent publicly declared, shall want
nothing for Itself, and shall seek only
to preserve the rights of civilization
and humanity.
In such a situation the United
States might even become an actual
participant in the hostilities on the
European continent without becom
ing a political ally of any of the En
tente Powers, simply casting Its
weight of men, money and moral In
fluence Into the battle against a com
mon enemy.
Would Oik'H Ports.
Ports of the United States probably
would be opened to warships of the
Entente navies; credits from the vast
stocks of gold, food, munitions and
other materials might be extended to
all the Entente Powers. The Ameri
can navy probably would co-operate
with the British-French navies in
clearing submarines from the seas.
Hurry calls for all parly leaders in
conjrress went out today as soon as
the President announced the advance
ment of the date of the extra session.
With the menace of war looming
close ahead, political differences be
gan to fade away. Some congress
men already here went so far as to
suggest that the light for organiza
tion of the House be postponed untU
after the international situation ha
been dealt with.
In laying the whole situation be
fnro pnnirrpsa. the President is ex
pected to detail fully the warlike acts
of Germany against the united Mates,
and to pay particular attention to the
future of the Amerlcanl Government
as the great conflict draws to a close.
It is not improbable that he will
ask congress to declare a state of war
existing, although there M some Ju
dication that he may only outline the
situation fully and leave to congress
the action which Is accepted as un
avoidable. So much can develop,
however, before congress nf-seuibles
that the President la keeping his
plans In a tentatlvo form. Germany,
hv ii..r nets In the interim, may
throw all the plans awry and accept
the blame of having forced tno was.
Making Defenses Heady.
Meanwhile every preparation for
putting the nation s oerenses in con
dition to meet a state of war are go
ing forward. The principal activities
center In the navy, where far-reaching
preparations are being carried o
to deal with the submarine menace,
whether It Is to be met in the war
zone about the British coasts, or at
the gates of American cSles.
The army's plans are in a leas defi
nite state because of the uncertainty
l,. nrhat nnrt It will he Called UDOO
to play. General staff plans to fit
several contingencies nave neen wont
ed out, however, and every step that
..n h tnbpn In the Dresent situation
has been taken. Tonight, Secretary
Baker conferred with the president,
but the details they discussed were
Vjt revealed.
The possibility of Germany extend
inir KiihiimrlnB onoratlons to the At
lantic ftoahnan! has not been under
estimated, but it la recognized that
when she extends her warrare rrom
the comparatively limited barred one
n ha 3 noo miles of broad Atlantic.
Bhe so effectively weakens her starva
tion blockade, of England that the
announced object of the campaign of
ruthlessness will of necessity be aban
doned. At the same time, the sub
marine menace of shipping will com
paratively decrease. Next to war, the
attention or me American uut
mcnt is upon one other object, the
internal citunilnn In Germany. With
. tnim.tr-r pnitnrihlD screening the
history-making events transpiring
within the German Empire and equal
ly vroontnff from the German people
the full meaning of events in the
world outside, the real condition ot
affairs in that country guardedly re
flected In dispatches from abroad
commands close attention.
Murmuring of Revolt.
Murmuring of a revolt against an
tw.rav emboldened br the revohl
V l'v i . -
n.,1 in T?n9l! renorta of food riots
In Berlin which are said to have ne
cessitated the withdrawal of troops
from the fighting lines; military suc
cesses by thf Entente on the West
rrnnt and In Asia-Minor and the
submarine campaign operating far
tolow the efficiency predicted ror u
S.,a t h hollef imoni officials here
tfcfet possibly before eongTew ran as
semble to meet the situation, the
world may be confronted with an en
tirely different set of conditions.
While It has been generally assum
ed that any aggressive action by the
United States against Germany ana
In co-operation with Entente Allies
would be purely of a naval character,
designed to aid in the extermination
ot submarines and raiders preying
upon commerce. State Deportment of
ficials declared today that this coun
try might take any and all military
measures deemed necessary to make
effective Its protest against Germany
without actually entering into a for
mal political alliance.
Even the sending of an expedition
ary force to Europe, It is held, would
not obligate this country to all tne
details of the Allied program.
Officials say that an army could
properly be sent to Belgium, for in
stance, to help In the restoration of
that violated territory and to throw
America's Influence in a real and
practical way on the side of interna
tional law and order.
The armed neutrality status at
present In force Is held by the Inter
national law experU to present many
points of weakness. Neither wnr
peace. It Involves the country In con
tinual misunderstanding with both
sides. It is said to leave open the
door for unlimited litigation with
Germany after the war. In that stat
us, the United States is still tech
nically neutral and might be held re
sponsible by Germany for any un
neutral acts committed here. With
an actual recognition of a state of
war, this difficulty would disappear.
Diplomatic Difficulties.
Moreover, diplomatically the Unit
ed States is in a most extraordinary
situation, seml-hostlle to the Central
Powers and yet not aligned with the
Allies. The Government Is not taken
Into the confidence of Nations with
which It formerly communicated most
freely. Especially Is this so as to
the Far East, about which the Gov
ernment's informations Is alarmingly
meager.
Hopes that this Government will be
able to take a leading part in the
unttmate peace conference as a neu
tral have vanished, and the belief is
growing that only as an active par
ticipant will America be Heard on the
great questions guaranteeing the fu
ture, peace.
Mr. hem Mullis Met
Death at Saw Mill
PisMcy Jerked Him to ground; 111
I ace iiorriufy .Mummed.
Mr. Lem Mullis met with a tragic
accident at Mr. Robert Sander's saw
mill, two miles below Marshvllle,
Tuesday afternoon nt about 1 o clock
t,Moi resulted in his death about
three hoars later. He was uncon
scious all the while, and although
medicbl aid reached him within thir
ty minutes after the accident, he was
so badly Injured that ie succumbed
even before hu could be removed to
his homo.
Puneral services were held at Un
Isn Orove church Wednesday afior-
noon, find Interment wan In the cent
etery there. Rev. A Marsh and El
der J. Mills conducted the services.
The deceased was about thirty-two
years old, and is survives by his wife
and four little children. Four broth
ers, Messrs. L. P. Mullis, C. N. Mullis,
W. M. Mullis and S. L. Mullis, sur
vive hlnj. He has one sister, Mrs.
Sain Rape, who lives near Win gate.
He was a son of the late Henry Mul
lis. His mother llve3 near Peachland
Ho was a member of the Union Grove
church, and was a good citizen.
The accident occurred In a rather
peculiar manner. Besides Mr. Mill
lis, there were four negro hands
working at the mill, and they state
that Mr. Mullis was adjusting the
belt that ran under the saw and car
ried off the saw dust, when the key
on the pulley In some way caught his
clothing. He was hurled to the
ground, his faoe striking the side of
the pulley. Tho key then worked
around his left cteek, mutilating 1
in a most horrible manner. The left
cheek was Just simply torn off. It If
also believed, though physicians do
not state bo, that Mr. Mullis' neck
was broken, and hU left should'
blade also seemed to bare been
knocked out of Joint. There wero no
wounds on his body, or his legs.
One of the negroes seeing Mr. Mai
lis' predicament, cut off the power,
and the Injured man was pulled out
from under the belt Rev. A Marsh
and Messrs. H. B. Marsh and Robert
Little, who were near the scene, were
summoned. Calls were sent to Jr.
Armfleld and Dr. Blair at Marshvllle,
and they both arrived in the shortest
time possible. Mr. Mums did ut
ter a word after recelvlnr his Injury,
Mr. Mullis was la charge of the
mill, having moved to that communi
ty about six weeks ago for that pur
pose. He was an excellent saw m..l
man. nnd his employer placed a great
deal of confidence in htm. His desrth
was very tragic, and was eaosod, not
by the terrlblo saw, but by a little in
significant ker protruding from a
pulley.
Bike For Mayor.
John C. Slkes can be elected Mayor
wlthont any opposilon if prospective
candidates will lake a calm, logical
view of the situation. He is familiar
with the existing paving contracts
now being filled by the Oulf construc
tion company, ana he will be in a
position to make new ones. Then,
too. he accomplishes things. Dream
era gate up the Idea of street Im
provements In Monroe until jonn
Slkes beeams a member of the board.
and led the flffht. The best Interests
of the city demands tho election of
Mr. 91s as Mayor of Monroe.
Many CtUiens. -
GOVERNOR BICKETT WILL
CALL A SPECIAL TERM
IF COMMISSIONERS
.MAKE REQUEST FOR IT
Rut Maske, Who Killed .Mr. Williams
Will Not Be Able to Attend Cimrt
For sln-.e Days Yet.
The Journal received a telegram
from Mr. J. C. Slkes yesterday after
noon stating that Gov. Bickett, who,
together with Mr. Sikes, and others,
attended the Inauguration of Dr. E.
W. Sikes nt Hartsville Thursday,
would call a special term of court at
any time to try Maske, the negro who
killed Mr. Edgar Williams.
It has always been customary for
the County board of Commissioners
to make requests for the holding of
a Fpeclal term of court, and It Is be
lieved that the Union county commis
sioners wl'l do so In this case. It will
require several days time, but it Is
said that an effort, will be made to
put the negro on trial for his life by
the first of April.
Dr. S. A. Stevenu, county physician,
stated that it would bo at least two
weeks, perhaps longer, before Maske
could walk into the court room. For
a while the negro's knee showed
signs of infection, but an examina
tion today evidenced an Improvement.
Poultry Club Work.
Mr. Allen G. Oliver, In charge of
N. C. Poultry Clubs, will be with me
next week at the following places:
Hemby school house, ance town
ship. Tuesday, March 27th, at 2:30
o'clock; Secrest school house, Monroe
township, Tuesday March 27, at 7:30
o clock; Uehoboth school house,
Jackson township. Wednesday, 28th,
t 2:30 o'clock; Tlrzah school house,
Jackson township, Wednesday, 28th,
at.7:30, at night; Trinity school
house, Buford township, Thursday,
29th, 2:3 o'clock; Carmel school
house, Monroe township, Thursday,
29th. at 7:30 o'clock; Mountain
Springs school house, Monroe town
ship, Friday, 30th, 2:30 o'clock;
Wesley Chapel school house, Monroe
township. Friday, 30th, 7:30 o'clock.
Mr. Olive will have his lantern and
slides with him and will give illus
trated lectures on the care and man
agement of poultry for profit and will
be pleased to meet as many people
at thes appointments as possible.
The ladles and children are especial
ly requested to be present. Mr. Oliver
will also be at county meeting of the
Farmers Union at Gilboa, March
31. T. J. W. Broom.
Stewart School Items.
Correspondence of The Journal.
WajHiaw, March 22. Our school
Is preparing for an entertainment at
the closing of school.
Miss Llllie Usher, teacher at the
Unity school, spent last Saturday
night with Mis. Annie Green.
Mrs. W. L. Belk and Miss Nealic
Griffin spvnt last Wednesday at Mr.
W. 11. MeNeeley's, near College Hill
Mrs. Nettle Huey gave a quilting
last Saturday and everybody enjoy
ed their dinner fine, and quilted three
quilts.
Mr. Theron Simpson Is right nick
with la grippe at this writing.
Misses Caia and Eulalla Simpson
spent Tuesday night with Miss Vara
Belk.
Mrs. Sam Wallace visited Mrs.
George Parkqs Monday.
Mrs. OiarHe Belk and Mrs. Will
Belk vlsfted at Mrs. Robert Stewart's
Tuesday.
Miss Iina McCain spent Saturday
night with Miss Ida Simpson.
Miss Annie Creen spent last Thurs
day night at Mr. S. P. Walkup's.
Mr. W. D. Starnes and Mr. J. R
Simpson spent Tuesday afternoon nt
Lancaster on business.
Mrs. Dora Wallace and mother
spent Thursday with Mr3. Ida Simp
son.
Mr. Theron Simpson was a pleasant
calfc r aj Mr. Jim Flncher's m the
Bethlehem section last Sunday after
noon and also was Mr. Baxter Carnes
Mr. John Carter of the Hermon
section was a visitor In this communl
tr last Sunday
Miss Ida Skiipson spent last week
at Mrs. R. L. Montgomery's.
Mr. Ray Simpson was a pleasant
caller at Mr. w. D. Starnes Monday
afternoon. Rainbow.
For May. and Aldermen.
We suggest the following ticket for
Mayor and Aldermen of Monroe: For
Mayor, John C. Slkes; for Alderman,
ward 1, W. A. Henderson; for Alder
man. ward 2, M. Waller; for Alder
man, ward 3. J. W. Richardson; for
Alderman, ward 4, J. B. Williams;
Alderman at targe, Dr. S. A. Stevens.
Cltlsens.
HctrnyiU of Friendship the Excuse
For Murder.
A "betrayat of friendship" is given
as the reason for the shooting of
Stockton Heth, Jr., at Roanoke, Va.,
last week by Prof. Charles Vawtcr.
Heth died In a hospital a few hours
after the shooting. It is believed
that Vawter will claim the unwrlt
ten law as & defense, since a state
ment given out by his attorney has
this sentence in It: 'The day has
not come when a Virginia home 'r no
longer sacred." Vawter is out un
der 10,000 bond.
MAKING WAR PREPARATIONS.
Men Will Bo Needed For the Army,
lint Navy Onlj Lacks Trained Of
ficers. Washington. March 21. Naval
preparations for war were marked by
Increased activity today with the ad
vancement to April 2 of the date of
the extra session of congress. No
actual war steps were taken by etiher
tne War or Navy Departments, but
there were many indications that pre
liminary plans have been worked out
for runid mobilization ct both ser
vices.
The navy's problems are those of
material rather than personnel. At
most, little more than 100.000 men
would be required for manning every
available ship or scouting craft. They
could be obtained almost overnight
by mobilization of the Naval Militia
and the varicui sections of the Naval
Reserve, supplemented with volun
teers. Only highly trained officers
woul I ho lacking.
The army's problem is Just the re
verse. It Is nu n that will be needed,
and no definite step toward securing
a great force for training can be
taken until congress expresses Its
will. Full equipment can be obtained
long before the men are ready to use
it.
Steps taken by the navy today in
clude the advancement of the date
of opening bids for additional de
stroyers and notification to ship
builders that their full plant capacity
would be utilized in this work. There
Is no way of estimating how many
destroyers will be ordered until esti
mates (how how many can be built.
Secretray Daniels said every avail
able plant would be utilized to its ut
most. The builders will present their
figures next Saturday and awards will
be made immediately.
More Bids Received.
Bids for the first large consignment
of 110-feet submarine chasers or
coast patrol-boats also were received
today, but will be held confidential
until next Wednesday when 100 ad
ditional builders are expected to sub
mit futures. The navy hopes to find
facilities available for more than 200
boots, the first of them to be deliver
ed in two to three months. Meanwhile
the work of sun-eying private yatchs
and motor craft is being pressed in
every naval district and the enroll
ment of volunteers to man the boats
proceeds rapidly. .
The Department has no present In
tention of taking over merchant craft
for naval use, Secretary Daniels said
tonight. All American merchant ships,
however, have been surveyed and
classified by naval officials for pos
sfble use In time of war. The guns
being placed aboard trans-Atlantic
Ci aft were destined originally to arm
auxiliary cruisers withdrawn from
merchant fleets for that purpose.
"No definite policy has yet been
adopted," Mr. Daniels said. "We will
not, however, demoralize commerce.
None of the ships engaged in trade
will be taken over except In case of
vital necessity. They would all be
!.:k?n in that case."
READY FOR WAR.
President Wilson call extra-
ordinary session of Congress for
April to "receive a conuiiun-
lent Ion concerning grave mat-
tors of national policy which
should be taken immediately un-
ler consideration."
Xuy department sp"d plc.ns
for fleet of "siibiim.rine chasers."
Defense coinisil organize
Ixiard to take shipping of entire
ammunition output of nation to
provide immediate and continu-
oils supply.
Army hoard recommends com-
blnatlon of army nud navy air
scrvrce at once.
Civil wen Ice cnnmdsMon takes
steps to recruit skilled labor for
r.rmv nnd r.nvy plant.".
War risk insurance bureau
puts rates on war Itasis and plans
to handle all real war, risks.
Congressional leaders plan
non-part Is compromW.e organ iza-
lion of house to handle defense
measures on "Amcjcn" basis.
Secretary Daniels hastens bids
for construction or uestroyrrs.
(Amend board of the navy and
general riaff pf the army take
up plans tor Impending hostlll-
ties.
Pacifist organizations relink-
ed by Secretary of Commerce
Rcducld.
War and navr deurtment
heads call conference tomorrow
of norofdnne manufacture rs to
speed up Iuiliiiiig of aerial neei.
Charlotte Mayor Calls on Citizens to
enroll.
rharlotfe. Iflarrli 21. MaVorT. L.
Kirkpatrlck issued a proclamation to
night calling upon every aoie ooaiea
tanle citizen of Charlotte and Meck
lenburg county who will bear arms if
the nation becomes Involved In war,
to enroll at the mayor's office at once
as asking the women to volunteer for
Red Cross service. All industrial
plants are asked to list with the
mayor's offif what "sacrifices and
efjhlpment t$'y will make" for the
rni-rrnment All nuhllc huildines are
asked to display the American flag
ami all citizens to wear tne insignia
of tne country.
Wilmington Placed Armed Guard
Around Reservoir.
Wilmington, March 21. Fear of
attempts to pollute the city's supply
of drinking water bv German sympa
thlzcrs has caused the city officials
to place an armed guard srownd the
reservoir. No one Is allowed to ap-
Air. Williams Died
From His Injuries
He Succumbed in Charlotte Hospital
Shortly After 1 O'clock Wednesday
After a brave fight for life, Mr. R.
Edgar Williams, the Wingate officer
who was mortally shot by Bunk
Maske, a negro whom he was at
tempting to arrest Saturday, suc
cumbed to bis wounds shortly after
1 o clock Wednesday afternoon. At
times it seemed as if Mr. Williams'
almost heroic attempt to live would
prove successful, but his condition
was so weak that physicians realized
all the while, although they held out
rtopes for his recovery, that his
chances of recovery were very slim.
The body was carried to Wingate
Wednesday afternoon, and the funer-
iil services were held at the home of
the deceased yesterday afternoon.
Interment was in the Williams ceme
tery, near the William Erwin Wil
liams homestead, where Mr. Williams
was born. The funeral services were
conducted by Rev. D. M. Austin, and
he was assisted by Rev. E. C. Snider.
Rev. J. A. Bivens. Rev. C. J. Blacit,
and Rev. R. M. Haigler. The pall
bearers were: Messrs. S. W. Iiin.ion.
H. K. Helms, R. L. McWhorter, J.
L. Austin. W. V. Williams, and W. A.
Chaney.
There has probably never been a
funeral more largely attended in this
county than Mr. Williams'. The
home was simply packed; while many
were Torced to stand In the yard
while the last rites were being paiu.
Hundreds of people from Monroe, and
from all sections of the county at
tended the funeral, and all after
noon there was a large concourse of
people going and coming from the
funeral, which was held at 1 o'clock.
Mr. Williams was a son of Mr. H.
F. Williams, and is survived by his
wife and four little children, the
youngest being only six months of
age. The dead man's mother died
when he was only five months old,
and he was reared by his grandmoth
er. Mrs. William Erwin Williams.
There have been few men more de
voted to their families than was Mr.
Williams to his. One of the best of
men, his death, even aside from the
tragic manner In which he passed
away, would have cast a gloom over
the entire neighborhood. Honest,
clean, he had a deep conviction of
the uprightness of his fellowman.
One of his friends said that he liv
ed a straightforward life, and thouKht
that all of his fellowmen did the
same. Although an officer of the
law, It Is doubtful if he ever carried
a gun. so little did strife and preju
dice against hla fellow man enter his
her.rt.
The family of Mr. Williams has
the sympathy, not only of hi:i friends
and acquaintances In this county, but
those over the Siiite who were ac
quainted with the tragic manner in
which he met his iHaih. As he gal
lantly strove to live, friends kept con
stantly In communication with the
hospital authorities', hoping and pray
ing that his struggle for lif. al
though ag;.inst heavy odds, would be
successful. People who had never
known Mr. Williams began to en
quire about him, nnd they were In
variably told that no finer man ever
lived than Edgar Williams. Thou
sands of tributes have been paid t'i
the manner In v.hich Mr. William;
lived, --- open-h-arted. liberal, nnd
with a d.Ire to serve his fellow nu'n.
It Is extremely doubtful If thcr
has ever been a death that has at
tracted such sympathy, end m many
expressions of regret. So fciw-Hbid-Ing.
he did not for a moment think.
it seems, that there are men In tin
world wjth cruel, and unmanly ten
dencies. To him, strife was to be
abhorred, and It was his aim to pre
vent, rather than cause the slightert
HI feelings between even the humbl-
er,t and poorest citizen.
Strong physically, he was envied
bv the less fortunate of his fellow
citizens. Endowed wifh strong mus
cular qualities at birth, he did not
waste his precious heritage by dissi
pation, like many others who have
gone before. Had not Maske's bul-
letstopped his strong, active life, It
Is very probably that Mr. Williams
would have reached his four score
and ten years, and perhaps mor?.
His was a clean life, and it should do
a model for many to pattern theirs
after.
The most tragic occurence In the
history of the peaceful little town, the
citizens of Wingate have been Justly
grieved over the serious affair. There
has been little done arorjjid Wingate
In the past few days In a business
way; people stopped their work to
pay homage, to such a sterling char
acter as was Edgar Williams.
Irw4ierian Chnrch Notes.
All are invited o the following ser
vices: 11a. m., Worship and senuon;
3.30 p. m., Sunday school; 7 p. m.,
Y. P. S. C. E.; 7.30 p. m., praise ser
vice and sermon. Third sermon on
the "Coming Crisis".
The Session will meet Immediately
after the morning service for the pur
pose of receiving any who may de
sire to unite with the church, either
by letter or on Confession of Faith.
The Philatheas will meet with Mrs.
Gus Henderson on Monday night,
next, at eight o'clock. We were glad
to have a number of our Baptist
brethren worship with us on Sunday
last. They are always welcome.
Next Sunday closes our church
year, not the flrpt Sunday In April.
In order that the church officers may
be able to make up their reports for
rrcsbytery. which meets April 3rd.
it Is expected that all arrearages will
be made up on the I5th Inst. Reporter.
EXPECTED TO DECLARE
WAR WITH GERMANY
CONGRESS IS CALLED EARLIEU
A l-aize Appropriation For National
Ivft-ie-e is KM"'ted to lie Made.
Washington, March 21. President
Wilson today met the constantly in
creasing probability of v.sr with Ger
many by summoning congress to as
semble in extra session Monday, April
2. two weeks earlier than the date
he had chosen before the latest as
saults upon American ri'its on the
seas.
When the President addresses con
gress, he is expected to show how a
state of war actually has existed for
some time because of the unlawful
arme-slons of German submarines.
Congress is expected formally to
declare a state of war existing, vote
a larpe sum. probably half a billion
dollars, for National defense, and
c!.)t!ie the President with cuthority
to use the armed force? of the United
States, as it empowered President
McKinley to deal with the menace or
Spain in 18S8.
Such action woulJ not be a decla
ration of war except In a technical
sense, and whether the United States
and Germany actually go to war In
the f't'.lest acceptation of the term will
depend cn what the Imperial Govern
ment does before Congress Is assem
bled or after it acts.
Disparities from abroad tonight de
claring that the German Government
expected a state of war within the
next 4 8 hours placed an omnious as
pect on the situation.
Much to change the President's
present Intentions or the course of the
Government in the crisis may devel
op before April 2. The first Ameri
can armed thlps will by tint time
have reached the war zone. The
ruthle-s destruction of one of them
undoubtedly would be an act of war.
On the other hand, sinking of a
submarine by one of the armed mer
chantmen probably would be met as
an r.ct of war by Germany. Even the
arming of American ships with the
avowed purpose of defending them
against U-bcats may bo declared such
an net.
In any of these event, prretieally
nothing woulJ remain except for Con
gress to acknowledge a state of war
existing from a certain spoclfied date,
probably la. t Sunday, when three
American ships were sunk with loss
of life.
I
Another Anu'lean Sliip Sent Down.
Washington, March 22. American
Consul Mahin, at Amsterdam, cabled
the State Department tonight that the
American steumor Ho il !tn. s unk by
a submarine yesterday otf Terschdl-
ing. Holland, was tnrped d without
warning, nnd that 20 of the crew
were drowned. The Con -ni l dispatch
follows:
"Standard Oil ship l' "ilCton, from
Philadelphia Tor Rnttcnl.im. carpi
oil, torpedoed without a:ning S.l
evtning of 21st. 25 v:- north of
Ttraihelling. Holland. Twenty of
crew drowned. One died of injuria.
Others (taken) to north of Holland.
Submarine seen aftc t'irpriloiiisj.
More details tj follow."
The sinking tf the Ikaldton add
another Mitve rhfiptr to the story
of war waged u;alnM American shin
ping by Gcfr.imy to he laid before
Congress bv P'esMent Wi'son nt tlit
special session he has called for April
2. It ci.'i cause bo immediate change
in the situation. S'r.c? the destruc
tion of three American ships last
Saturday and Sunlay, Administration
officials h!v cendend thai a sat?
of war existed, and it is to meet this
situation that Congress has been sum
moned to authorize steps beyond tho
arming cf merchant mont.
. The Heildton was unarmed, having
left port before the President author
ized the navy to furnish runs nnd
gunners to merchantmen. Her fato
serves to heitrhten th profound inter
est with which the government and
the public await the time when an
American vessel prepared nnd ready
to semi a shell into a hostile subma
rine on sight will enter the war zone.
Deposed Czar of iiln Is Broken
mwn in iieaiin.
Vienna. M.irrh 21 T.ntwst
patihe from Petrograd state that
Nicholas Rnman4X has completely
broken down In health rnd spirit on
account of the overpowering excite
vient of the last few weeks. He Is
snfferlng from acute nervous trouble
and has weeping convulsions.
Independent tiovernnients Forming
In Rustdnn Umpire.
Barlra. Ma Sfcyvlllo. March 21.
The IlerllnT Tngeh'.att hears from
the Russo-Swlidinh border tiial tho
Russian socialists have formed a sec
ond independent government In Oa
trovo and Potrcgrad.
Germany May lYeclpltate War With
This Country.
London. March 21. "According to
private telegrams from llerlin to tho
Amsterdam bourse It Is expected that
a state of war with the United States
will be an accomplished fact within
48 hours," says a dispatch to the Ex
change Telcrrrfih from Amsterdam.
"American Journalists In Berlin." the
dispatch td;!s, "have been warned to
this effect by the foreign office."
St. Paul' Fplscovl Church.
Services tonight at 8:00 p. m.
Sunday as follows: 7:30 and 11:00
a. ni. and 8:00 p. tu.
Sunday school at 3:30 p. m.
Come.
prossh near.