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THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVERYBODY READS IT." THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVERYBODY K&DS IT." HE MONRdE JOURMAl PUBLISHED TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS VOL.23. No. 86. MONROE, N. C, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1917. $1.50 PER YEAR CASH. TWO THOUSAND PEOPLE K1LLK.D IX ILIUFAX, CAN.. EXPLOSION A Ship IxMMled With Munitions Fur Ttie Allies Was Hammed by a Hel Kimi Relief Ship, ami the Scenes That Followed Were Wur.s. Than Those of a Battle Front. Halirax, N. S.. Dec. 7. With the toll or dead steadily mounting, it was believed early this morning that more than 2,000 persons perished in the explosion and fire which follow ed the collision yesterday morning in Halifax harbor between a munitions- laden French ship and another vessel, the Ionia, loaded with supplies for the Belgian relief commission, The disaster, which has plunged the Dominion into mourning, prob ably will rank as the most fearful that ever occurred on the American continent. Residents of Halifax and thousands of volunteer relief workers who have come into the city have been almost dazed at the extent of the horror, Temporary morgues have been es tablished in many buildings to which a steady procession of vehicles of all kinds have been carrying for hours the bodies of men, women and chil dren. Most of them were so charred that they were unrecognizable. Thou sands of persons seeking trace of rel atives and friends have passed by the long, silent rows, attempting, by the flickering light of lamps and lanterns, to Identify the ones they sought. Virtually every building in the city w hich could be converted into a hospital is filled with wounded, many of them so desperately injured that there is no hope of their recovery Scores already have died in these temporary hospitals. An ever-in creasing number is being taken from the completely devastated Richmond district to the relief station The city was in darkness tonight except for the flames from the fires still burning in the wrecked buildings In the north end. Kerosene lamps furnished the illumination by means of which surgeons and doctors toiled heroically throughout the night car ing for the injured. Soldiers, sailors and police pa trolled the streets tonight, and up on them fell the major portion of t.he burden of searching among the ruins for the dead and wounded. The Canadians were assisted in this work by sailors from an American warship in the harbor, the flame-swept area covers p proximately two and one half square miles. It begins at what Is known as the North street bridge extending north to Pier 8 on the Richmond waterfront and back to a point run ning parallel with Gottingen street. Nothing has been left standing in r, uus section oi uie cuy. vuiy a uue Iof smouldering ruins marks the spot where the great building of the American Sugar Refining company stood. The drv dock and all the f buildings which surrounded it were fc- - destroyed. The Richmond school, which housed hundreds of children, was demolished and It Is reported only three escaped. Canadian officers who have seen long service in France characterize the catastrophe as "the most fearful which has befallen any city in the world." Chief of Police Hanrahan late last night estimated the number of kill ed at 2,000 and other city officials expressed the belief that it would ex ceed that number. PROPERTY LOSS HEAVY Virtually all the north end of the city was laid waste and the property damage will run far into the millions. A part of the town of Dartmouth, across the harbor from Halifax, also was wrecked. Nearly all the build ings in the dockyard there are in ruins. "The zone of destruction in Halifax itself extends from the North street railway station as far north as Afric vllle to Bedford basin, and covers an area of about two square miles In the section known as Richmond. The buildings which were not demolished by the force of the terrific explosion were destroyed by the fire which fol lowed. Scores of persons were Injured by the collapse of the railway station, Arena rink, military gymnasium, su gar refinery and elevator. All business has been suspended. Armed guards of soldiers and sailors are patrolling the city. Not a street car is moving and part of Halifax is is darkness tonight. All hospitals and many private houses are filled with Injured. Temporary hospitals and morgues have been opened in schoolhouses in the western section of the city. In the main part of the city where the buildings are chiefly of stone or concrete the damage was confined, to the' shattering of windows and most of the casualties in this section were caused by flying glass. In the we3t and northwest ends the damage was more extensive and there the walls of many houses were blown to bits. It was In Richmond, how ever, opposite the scene of the ex nloslon. that the havoc was greatest. Whole blocks of dwellings, most of frame construction, were 'leveled. 8treet after street is In ruins and he structures which were left stand- g by the explosion were destroyed v Area wh ctl Drone OUl simuuane- usly in a score of places and which was Impossible to cnecit until tney d burned themselves out, It is be-1 eved scores of persons who had been injured by the collapse of their homes perished In the flames from which they were helpless to flee. The fires in this district still are smouldering tonight Five minutes after the explosion the streets in all parts of Halirax were filled with frenzied, panic stricken throngs striving to reach the outskirts in an effort to escape what they believed to be a raid by a Ger man fleet. Hundreds of them had been cut by the shower of glass which followed the explosion. DEFY DESCRIPTION In the Richmond section the scenes enacted defied description. Seriously Injured men and women crawled from the wreckage of their homes and lay in the streets until they were removed in ambulancej and automo biles to hospitals. Those less serious ly hurt aided those more gravely In jured. In the streets piled high with debris were found the shattered bod ies of many women and children. Several children were crushed to death when they were hurled against telegraph poles by the force of the explosion. In scores of cases occupants of houses who had escaped without in Jury or who were only slightly hurt were baffled by the flames In their search for members of their families and were forced to stand by Impo tently while w hat once had been their homes became funeral pyres for lov ed ones. A government employe named MacDonald, who made all speed to reach his home, found that his wife and four children had perished. Among those killed were the chier of the fire department and his deputy who were hurled to death when a Are engine exploded. Scores of those who lost their lives were children in the public schools in the north end. Many injured were rescued with difficulty from the de molished buildings.. The teachers who escaped worked heroically to save the lives of the children. Lebaron Coleman, manager of the Canadian Express company, was killed when the roof of the North station collapsed. In less than half-hour after the disaster, 5,000 persons had assembled on the common and thousands of others had sought refuge in fields outside the city. Hundreds were re ported nilsing by their relatives and their fate is unknown. The work of rescue and relief was promptly organized. Tha academy -of music and many public buildings were thrown open to house the home less. Five hundred tents have been erected on the common and these will be occupied by the troops who have surrendered their barracks to the women and children. FELT 75 MILES AWAY The force of the explosion was felt at Truro, 75 miles away where win dows were shattered. All telegraph and telephone wires were torn down and for several hours Halifax was completely Isolated from the outside world. The concussion shattered the big Has tanks of the city. All power plants are out of commission and newspaper offices have been so badly wrecked that publication is impossible. Pilot Frank Mackie of the Mont Blanc declared tonight that the col lision resulted from a confusion of whistles sounded by the Ionia. He be lieves the Are which caused the ex plosion was due to the fact that the munitions ship carried a deckload of benzine. Charles Prest, gasoline engineer ot the steamer Wasper B. had a narrow escape from death. "We had 80 gallons of gasoline in our tanks when a shell from the mu nitions ship struck us," he said. "We had Just left the dry dock to go to the Bedford basin to get some plates and were opposite the Lome club when we saw the Ionia coming down from the basin and the Mont Blanc going up. "1 heard the Belgian steamer's whistle blowing and then I saw the munitions' ship was on the starboard side. We tried to turn back to warn the officials at the drydock but be fore we reached there a shell struck us. I believe I was the only one of the five on board the Wasper B to escape as she was blown up. My son, who worked with the dry dock, was killed." Colonel Mackensle Bell, who spent two years on the firing line in Flan ders, said tonight he never had seen anything on the battle front to equal the- scenes of destruction he witnessed in Halifax today. It was reported tonight that all the guests in the hotels of the city are safe. Some of them, were cut by the flying glass, but none was seri ously hurt. ( Monroe Win From Wlngate. The Monroe high school basket ball team defeated the heavier and larger Wlngate team here Wednesday after noon by a score of 25 to 7. It was a fast and Interesting game and not so one-sided as the score would Indi cate. There was good passing and guarding on both teams. Monroe has one of the strongest teams she has had In the history of the school. The boys have played four games this season and so far have not lost a one. Presbyterian Church Notes. You ore cordially Invited to at tend the following services: 11 a. m., Worship and sermon. Theme, "Above the Sun." s .sv p. m., sunaay scnooi. 7 p. m., Younk peoples' meeting. 7:30, p. m., Praise service and sermon. The last in tne series on Satan. Remember your church and manse erection pledges, pay them on Sunday next MIL SAM PARKER, UNION COUNTY IM)Y, WHITES OF TKF.XCH LIFE He Says the Horrors of the Weather Are More to He Dreaded Titan the HIr Shells. Mr. J. J. Parker received the fol lowing letter from his brother, Lieut Parker, who is with the American forces in France: "Yes, I am actually In the trenches not way pack where one never hears a shot; but right oa the front line. I can look over the parapet any time and see the Bosch trenches; and I have seen several of the scoundrels themselves. Last night I actually set root out in No Man s. Land. "My period at the school Is over. I will be here for a few days, then I will report to headquarters of a U S. division. Then I don't know where I will be sent. "It might Interest you to know that I received one of the best re ports from the school. I was recom mended by the colonel at the school as an instructor for our army. I am the only one that I know of that re ceived such a report from the school which I attended. What affect the report will have with our army au thorities I do not know. "You must pardon the spelling, writing and general errors in this let ter, as I am writing under rather strenuous conditions. I am In a dug out, have just waked up. It is rath er dark in here and I do not want to light a candle, for my friend, the officer with whom I am staying, has not awoke yet and I do not wish to disturb him. We both were up all night last night, prepare:! to meet 'Fritz' should he start any of his dirty work. "No one can realize in America what life on the front really means no one can realize it until he has had actual experience. The horrors of the weather are as much to be dreaded as the big shells which come over singing 'Nearer My God to Thee.' I spent a while in one of the reserve lines, some distance from the front, and back there we had very comfor table quarters, way down under the ground. On the front, of course, we live where we can get to a fire step easily. My gas respirator and my steel helmet are a fixed article of my dress, and I must say that I don't object one bit to carrying them with me all the time. I did not know man was so much like an ostrich hide hlajiead and. he feels perfectly safe. Of course we do not attempt to change clothes in the trenches we never take them off even when we lie down to take a nap. In three days my shoes have not been off but three times, and then for only long enough for a good rubbing and a change of 80X. "Tomorrow I am due to leave the trenches and start on my journey to headquarters of the American army. The Brigadier General, of the brigade in which I am now connected, has in vited me to lunch with him on my way back. I have met the general and he is a very agreeable gentleman. "I have recently seen several air fights. Last night one of our ma chines dropped bombs right across in front of my post on an enemy strong point." AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IS HEADY ANY TIME TO DECLARE PEACE Wants to Quit Under Terms That Would Guarantee Integrity of Monarchy Will Fight Until Ene mies Renounce Intention. A dispatch from Vienna quotes Emperor Charles of Austria-Hungary as saying in an address to an Austro Gernian delegation that the dual monarchy is ready at any time to con clude a peace that would guarantee the Integrity of the monarchy. He added, however, that his country would not cease fighting until its enemies renounced their Intentions of dismembering it "The glorious successes of our vic torious armies and the daring of our fleet," said Emperor Charles, "fill us with patriotic pride. After a glori ous defense of our position we are now, as before, ready at any time to conclude an honorable peace which guarantees the existence and integri ty of the monarchy. "Guided by this Idea we greeted with joyful satisfaction the noble minded Intervention of the pope and will in the future neglect no oppor tunity to end as soon as possible the costly struggle and great sacrifice the war has caused and Is causing. "In the spirit of these intentions our government has declared Its readiness to accept the Russian gov ernment's Invitation to enter Into negotiations for a general peace. May the blessings of the Almighty rest up on this work for peace and restore the peoples of Europe to a state of reconciliation and mutual trust. "The sorely tried Russian people, the first of our enemies who are ready to respond to our peace appeal, may be sure that we sincerely desire to restore our former friendly rela tions with them. "On the other hand, we must re gard it our sacred duty not to lay down the sword which plunder-seek ing and rapacious neighbors forced Into our hands, until our enemies un- equivocrlly have disavowed their made plans of dismemberment and of oppression. "We will remain the masters In our own house. Our alliance with the German empire has been glori ously strengthened bv our victorious marcn souinwesi. ine most coraiai and fraternal relations bind us to the progressive Bulgarian people. I con fidently hope a period of fresh pros perity and secure development awaits the closely allied Ottoman empire." turkey held sf.cukkdly uxdkk,;kk.manys thumb For Us to DerLtre War Un Her 1 Would Re Playing Into Hands of j Merlin Official Is Dr. Strong's " Opinion. . Boston. Dec. 3. The Turks are heartily tired of German rule and a declaration of war by the United States against Turkey now v.ould be playing into the hands of the Berlin officials, in the opinion of Dr. Wm. E. Strong, editorial secretary of the American board of commissioners for foreign missions. "Why the United States should de- dare war upon either Turkey or Bui garla Is incomprehensible to those wno know anything of the Internal situation of those two countries." said a statement Issued by Dr. Strong. "Both of the countries are as much under the control of Germany as are Belgium and Poland." f Who would suggest," he continu ed, "that we should derlare war against Belgium because Belgian sub jects are working for Germany and Belgium is supplying Germany with foodstuffs and other war equipment? Those who have come out of Turkey during the last few months give on ly one testimony and that Is to the effect that Turkey is heartily tired of the domination of Germnny. Even th leaders recognize that they went Into this war not for any possible gain to Turkey but with every oppor tunity of losing everything. "If war should be declared on Tur key and Bulgaria, what would the United States do? .It would be cruel in the extreme to make an attack up on a people who hate the alliance with Germany with a perfect hatred and who would gladly break that al liance If they had the power to do so. A declaration of war today on the part of the United States would lead to a new attack under German direc tion upon the non-Moslem popula tions of Turkey, whose elimination from Asia Minor is one of the mani fest policies of Germany. "One can hardly think of the peo ple of the United States favoring any step which could, so far as we can see, lead to nothing that would ab breviate this war, but would open the door for new and startling atrocities undjr the leadershln of Berlin, to say toothing of imperiling all Ameri can Interests in both countries. We har-Teason to know that the Bul garian and Turkish officials are In creasingly friendly toward the Unit ed States, as they become dissatis fied and even hostile to German rule. This Is a tendency to be encouraged rather than discouraged. "The sending of Beinstorff to Con stantinople was with the Idea of turn ing Turkey against the United States. In the face of the rising tide of Ger man opposition in Turkey, he will probably he unable to do so unless the United States by a declaration of war plays Into his hands and Into the hands of the Berlin officials." AMERICA HAD HUT OXE OTHER CHOICE SAYS SECRETARY BAKER Our Alternative, He Declared, Was to Crawl Before the Hohensollerns or Fight. Richmond, Va., Dec. 5. Secretary of War Newton D. Baker made the opening address in Richmond to night of a series of war conferences to be held in every state In the union within the next few months, at which speeches will be delivered by mem bers of the cabinet and other promi nent men to tell the people about the war. He was given a military es cort to the governor's mansion when he reached Richmond from Camp Lee late this afternoon, where he had re viewed the entire Eighteenth divis ion, and from the mansion to the city auditorium, where he addressed an enthusiastic audience of more than 5,000 men and women, more than 2,000 others having been turn ed away. Forced Into the great war for the protection of "priceless principles" upon which the united states was founded, rather than become the vas sal of the imperial German govern ment, America was in the conflict to win, emphatically declared the sec retary, and none of this nations in exhaustible resources would be spar ed to obtain this end. No one knows what Is In store for the United States, he said, but the prosecution of the war to a successful conclusion now l? the only consideration. America from the moment the Lu- sitania was sent to a watery grave by the hand of an assassin had but the choice of two steps, he said. This country "could have crawled on its hands and knees to the Hohenzol lerns, crying out that their fright fulness and military efficiency were too great; that we would submit to them and become their vassals," or as an alternative, "we could fight we chose to fight." Deafening applause greeted this thrilling declaration, which was re peated often during his cool and clear Indictment, first of Germany's am bitions for world dominion, and sre ond of the nature of the war she Had waged upon the unprotected women and children, the Invasion of the homes of the non-combatants, and the frightful outrages perpetrated. The secretary was forced to cut his speech short to catch a train for Washington, and left the auditorium immediately he had concluded. Congressman Johnson of Washing ton State, who recently returned from a visit to the trenches In France, followed, and told in a general way of the Impression gained while on his trip to the war-stricken tone of Eu BritUh Made Successful Retirement At Several Points. The carefully laid plans of Gen eral Byng to withdraw his troops at various points on the Cambrai salient to more tenable positions have been carried out in perfect order and ap parently without vthe Germans hav ing knowledge ofvthe movement. The falling back was made neces sary by wedges driven Into the salient last week by the Germans which on several sectors threatened disaster to the British should they continue to hold their positions. From an arc ex tending before Cambrai, a distance of about 18 miles, the new British front has been lessened to a length of about ten miles with the bases re.-ting In the north in the region of Moeuvres and in the south near Gonnelieu. As a result of the backward move ment, the Germans claim the re-occupation of Graincourt, Anneux. Uoyel les and the woods and heights north of Marcoing and that their uncontest ed gain has been to a depth of about two and a half miles over a front or six and a quarter miles. The Berlin war office asserts that since the Ger man offensive in the Cambrai region began, British prisoners in excess of 900 and 147 guns have been taken. On the Italian front the Austro Germans are making frantic attempts to break through the Italian positions and debouch upon the plain of eVne tia. In the Aslago plateau region bat tles of almost unprecedented violence are taking place, the Teutonic allies using a great array of guns and countless thousands of men in their efforts jto overcome the Italian resist ance. On the Meletta sector the en emy made some slight advances but only through the sacrifice of large numbers of men, the Italians resisting determinedly, foot by foot. To the east an enemy attempt to carry the Brenta valley meth wit repulse and and heavy casualties. RUSSIAN' AXD BRITISH TROOPS SUCCESSFUL IX MESOPOTAMIA General Maurice Announces Success ful 0Hrations Against the Turks There Talk of Cambrai Fight. London, Dec. 5. British troops, acting in conjunction with an efficient force of Russians, have carried out a successful operation In Mesopo tamia, Major General F. B. Maurice, chier director of military operations at the war office, announced today. - Speaking of he German attacks on the British salient In the Cambrai area. General Maurice said: "The enemy has to a certain ex tent got us into an awkward position and some adjustment of our line may be necessary. We may have to make slight withdrawals on the north of the salient." "There 13 little doubt," continued General Maurice, "that the latest German attacks in the Cambrai sec tor have been planned and superin tended by Gen. von Ludenorff him self. Von LudenorfT's plan was a thoroughly good one, as most of the German plans are. It was an attack on both flanks of our salient .follow ed by an attack In force on the cen ter. BROKE PART OF FRONT . "His attacks on our north and cen ter failed completely, but on his left the enemy succeeded In breaking through a part of our front. He at tacked not only our new front but on a part of the line as it existed be fore the south. He succeeded in ef fecting a surprise and broke through to a depth of nearly 6,000 yards dear through our gun positions. But we had ample reserves ready and promptly drove him bnck two-thirds of the distance covered. "One cannot say the Germans have not made substantial gains as a re sult of this effort. When you are In a narrow salient even a small Inroad on one's flanks Increases greatly the difficulty of holding the salient and supplying the men in It. Supply to the men on certain portions of our front has now become a matter of considerable difficulty." After alluding to the readjustment of the 'llrje that might be necessary to some extent in this area, General Maurice continued CAPTURED "SOME" GUNS "For the first time in many a day the enemy captured some British guns. The last British guns he cap tured were four from a territorial battery behind the French lines In the battle of Ypi es in May, 1915, dur ing the first gas attack. Since then we had not lost a single gun on the western front and have captured 650 of the enemy's, of which 510 were captured in 1917. "The number of guns we captured at Cambrai is 138. The Germans claim 100 of ours and I am not yet able to tell exactly how far this claim is true, as complete returns from the batteries are not yet in , but the promptitude of the announcement and the round numhor used leads to suspicion. I believe the Germans have included in the count numbers of trench mortars, etc., and that therefore this number will be subject to a large discount on Investigation. The same probably true of the six thousand prisoners claimed to have been captured. THE MESOPOTAMIA OPERATIONS "In Mesopotamia we are continu ing the policy of striking wherever the enemy gives us opportunity. We have Just carried out this policy In an operation on our right with the full co-operation of Russian forces. The success of the Russian arms here shows that some portions of the Rus sian army are still willing and ready to fight." General Maurice said that while there had been much talk In the press of tha danger from further German attacks In Italy he considered the en emy's advance into Italy had been de WILL UlUiE CONGRESS TO FIX COTTON PRICES THIS SESSION It Will Mean a Hitter Contest, as Southern Manlters Will Strongly 0iMe Suili Plans .f J. Hampton Moore. Washington. Dec. 5. The recom mendation in President Wilson's mes sage to congress delivered yesterday, that there should be additional leeis lation regarding the fixing of prices for food and oiher commodities, is taken by those members of congress who have in the past advocated the plan of fixing prices for cotton, as their opportunity to urge congress to fix the price of this commodity along with other things which congress may determine upon during the present session. J. Hampton Moore and other mem bers of congress, who hail from states where no cotton is grown, but plenty of the staple used in its manufactured form, have been insistent advocates of price fixing on cotton. King Cot ton is now selling around SO cents a pound and there was one more than one member today who was willing to argue that this is an abnormally high price. One thing is certain, a most bitter fight will be made to have cotton included in whatever legisla tion is enacted to Increase the num ber of articles over which the govern ment will fix the price. Just how far the advocates of such a plan will get is a question, but southern members were apprehensive today and arc willing to admit that the chances of fixing the price for the staple are more in danger than ever before and they are now preparing to make a fight against such a plan. But the farmers who grow cotton may not seriously object to the plan advocated by Representative Moore. If the price is fixed, the farmer will know when he plants his cotton what price he is to receive for It when har vested. He will not therefore be held in suspense, nor even in the hands of the speculator, because if the government says cotton shall bring 20 cents a pound It is going to bring just that much; no more and no less. It would be a guaranteed price. Under the proposed plan there could be little or no speculation in cotton. It would not be necessary or even profitable to those who now en gage in the fascinating pastime of betting that the staple will sell above or below a certain figure at a stipu lated time. Under such conditions southern members may not object to the plan which is proposed by northern and western members. If the price Is fixed for cotton it will also be fixed, as President Wilson so aptly said in his message yesterday, on the com modities which the farmer ami other consumers buy. For Instance, hogs are selling in North Carolina this week for 25 cetns a pound gross on the hoof, fathack and breakfast ba con in Washington can be had at the sum of 50 to 60 cents per pound; eggs, "far-away-storage," as low as 65 cents a dozen, and stale butter at 70 cents. All these prices, so far as Washinton Is concerned, depend upon your ability to pay cash. If you haven't the money in hand the gen ial grocerman adds a little to the above mentioned figures. So that if cotton prices are fixed to a reasonable amount, the high waymen who sell food to the con sumer will also come under the ban of the law and in the long run the average man will be as well, if not better, off than he is under present conditions. Parker R. Anderson in Greensboro News. TWO III li;i:i FORTY-THREE SOLDIERS DIED IX OXE WEEK The ("rentest Xumher of (he Men Died of Pneumonia, Rut Deaths Decrease Am Health Conditions Im prove. Although health conditions gener ally in the national army and nation al gu:ird camps showed improvement during the week ending November 30, the number of deaths materially Increased. The report of the division of field sanitation shows that there were 164 deaths among the guardsmen as com pared with 97 of the previous week and 79 among the draft men as against 60 the preceding wet-k. One hundred and thirty-four of the' guardsmen r.nd 39 of the draft men died from pneumonia and nine of the former and fifteen of the latter died from meningitis. Only two divisions, the 34th (guard) and the national army) re ported an increase of measles and the number of cases was small. In the divisions where there has been an epidemic of measles the disease ap parently has been brought under con trol. Reports from all divisions in whtcfr pneumonia has been prevalent show a decrease In the number of new cases except the 36th (guard). Decided Improvement is noted, the report says, in the 30th and 31st (guard) divisions, where extensive- outbreaks of the disease have occur red. Conditions also have Improved In the SOth (guard) and 89th (na tional army) divisions. In the 36th (guard) division the measles out break which reached its height last week has been followed by an epi demic of pneumonia. The death rate in this division, however, has beon much lower than in any other' in which pneumonia has been prevalent Love may be blind, but It's foolish to attempt to work off a paste diamond on a girl under the Impres sion that you have her hypnotized br vour tool locti. finitely checked. I
The Monroe Journal (Monroe, N.C.)
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Dec. 7, 1917, edition 1
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