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THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVERYBODY NEEDS IT THE UNION COUNTY PAPER EVERYBODY READS IT n ie Monroe Journ PUBLISHED TWICE EACH WEEX TUESDAY AND FRIDAY VOL.24. No. 76. MONROE, N.O, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1918. $153 PEL 'EAR CASH. WILSON ANSWERS LAST PEACE XOTE OF GERMANY Surrender Will Be the Demand If America Ha to Peal With the Kal er and His Follower C: rfpo dence Transmittal to Allied Gov ernment. (By The Associated Press.) President Wilson has answered Germany's latest note regarding peace. In brier, he Informs Germany that the only armistice he would feel Justified in submitting for considera tion to the Allied Govermen'a would be one which would leave the Unit ed States and the Allied Powers In a position to enforce any arrange ments that may be entered into and to make a renewal of hostilities on the part of Germany Impossible. To this end the President has trans mitted his correspondence with the present German authorities to the Al lied Powers. "Not peace negotiations, but sur render," will be the demand if the United States has to deal with the military masters and the monarchical authorities of Germany. Washington D. C. October 23. President Wilson has submitted the German plea for an armistice and peace to the Allies, and at the same time has informed Berlin that there can be no armistice except upon terms that would make it impossible for Germany to renew hostilities. While consenting to deal further with the present authorities Germany, the President has given them this warning: "If it (the United States) must deal with the military masters and monar chical autocrats of Germany now, or if it is likely to have to deal with them later in regard to the Interna tional obligations or the German em pire, it must demand, not peace nego tiations, but surrender. Nothing can be gained by leaving this essential thing unsaid." The President's reply to the last German note was handed to the charge or the Swiss legation to-night for transmission to the German gov ernment. It accedes to the request that he take up with the Allies the proposals or the new spokesmen or the German people, but does It with notice that virtual surrender or the Teutonic armies In the field will be the price demanded for interruption or the beating now being adminis tered. 4 LEAVE IT TO MILITARY CHIEFS. In transmitting the matter to the Allies, the President says he has sug gested that If they are disposed to effect peace on his terms and princi ples now accepted by the present Ger man authorities,, the' American and Allied military advisers be asked, ir they deem such ah armistice possi ble from a military point of view, to submit such terms as will fully pro tect the Interests or the peoples In volved and Insure to the associated governments the unrestricted power to enforce peace oiwthe condition ac cepted. The President says he reels he can not decline to take up the question of an armistice, having received solemn and explicit assurances or the German government that it accepts the terms of peace enunciated by him; that the desire to discuss their appli cation comes rrom ministers speaking for an overwhelming majority or the German people, and that the German armed forces will observe the humane rules of civilized warfare on land and sea. He Ignores entirely the German protests and denials in response to his statement that no armistice could be considered while the German ar mies and navy continued their atroci ties. As to the authority or the new spokesmen or the German people, he speaks, as the note says, "Without any attternpt to soften what may seem harsh words," and tells the men with whom he is dealing and through them the German people, why such extra ordinary sareguards must be demand ed before hostilities can cease. KAISER STILL IN POWER. Significant and Important as the proposed constitutional changes seem to be, he declares, It does not appear that the principle or a government re sponsible to the German people has yet been worked out, aud It Is evident that the people have no means of commanding the acquiescence or tl. military authorities. He reminds tr Germans that the power or the King or Prussia (the Kaiser) to control the policy of the empire la unimpair ed, and concludes with the warning that ir this power Is to be dealt with the United States and tho Allies can demand nothing but surrender. As the note was dispatched. Sec retary Tumulty, at the White House, gave emphasis to the assurance given by all members or the Government that no interruption or the military program Is contemplated by making public correspondence between Secre tary Baker and President Wilson showing that more than two million American soldiers have embarked ror the war overseas. OFFICIALS VOICE APPROVAL; Washington D. C. October 23. Approval or the President's action was voiced everywhere among offi cials, who declared that the note de manded the surrender upon which America and the Allies Insist, and at the same time help up to the Ger man people a picture of their situa tion In a way likely to hasten their rise to throw out the Kaiser and his war lords completely. In Congress the expressions of lead, era Indicated a divided opinion. Sen ator Hitchcock, of Nebraska, chair man of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, approved the note In un qualified terms, declaring It called for surrender and would create a politi cal crisis in Germany. On the other hand. Senator Lodge, of Massachus etts, republican leader and ranking minority member of the foreign re lations committee, expressed regret that the President had entered any discussion with the German govern ment, and declare! any negotiations should follow a report from General Foch that the German armies had sur rendered. ALL WASHINGTON SURPIRSED. All Washington was surpised by the news that the note had been sent, cried in the streets by newsboys with extras shortly before nine o'clock to night. Just eleven hours after the of fiical text of the last German commu nication has been delivered by Frede rick Oederlln. the Swiss charge. Dur ing the afternoon it had been statea authoritatively that there would be no announcement of the President', decision before tomorrow and the un derstanding was that exchanges be tween Washington, London and Pari' still were proceeding. About mid-day there was a flurry of Interest when Secretaries Lansing and Daniels and General March, chief of staff, were called to the White House, but if the decisions was communicated then these officials kept the secret well. It was late In the evening when word that Secretary Lansing would see the newspaper men at 9 o'clock, following a coherence between Mr. Lansing and Secretary Tumulty. UP TO THE ALLIES. How the note Is received by the people or Allied Countries will be awaited with the greatest interest. So far as the Allied Governments are concerned, it is assumed that they have been Informed and are in en tire accord with the culminating step or the President's policy. Exchanges have been going on since the wire less version or the German reply to the President was picked up Monday The official translation Into English made at the Berlin foreign office and delivered with the German text does not differ materially In any particu lar from the wireless version, and slight verbal differences in the latter tending to make more obsure some rather vague phraser In the orginal may have been due to errors in trans mission. OFFICIAL TEXT OF PRESI DENT WILSON'S REPLY The Secretary of State makes pub lic the following: "From the Secretary of State to the Charge d'Affalre ad Interfm,' In charge of German interests In the United States: "Department of State, October 23, 1918. "Sir: "I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your note or the 22nd, transmitting a communication under the date or the 20th, rrom the Ger man government and to advise you that the President has instructed me to reply thereto as follows: "Having received the solemn and explicit assurance or the German gov ernment that It unreservedly accepts the terms or peace laid down In his address to the Congress of the Unit ed States on the eighth day or Jan uary, 1918, and the. principles or set tlement enunciated in his subsequent addresses, particularly the address or the 27th of September, and that It desires to discuss the details of their application, and that this wish and purpose- emonated, not rrom those who have hitherto dictated German policy and conducted the present war on Germany's behair, but rrom minis ters who speak for the majority of the Reichstag and for an overwhelm in majority of the German people; and having received also the explicit promise of the present German gov ernment that the humane rules of civilized warfare will be observed both on land and sea by the German arm ed forces, the President of the Unit ed States reels that he can not de cline to take up with the Goverments with which the Government of the United States is associated, the ques tion of an armistice. , "He deems it his duty to say again, however, that the only armistice he would feel Justified in submitting for Leonslderatlon would be one which should leave the United States and the powers associated with her In a position to enforce any arrangement that may be entered Into and to make a renewal or hostilities on the part or Germany Impossible. The President has, therefore, transmitted his corres pondence with the present German authorities to the Governments with which the Government or the United States is associated as a belligerent with the suggestion that ir those Gov ernments are disposed to affect peace upon the terms and principles indicat ed, their military advisers and the military advisers of the United States be asked to submit to the Govern ments associated against Germany the necessary terms of such an armistice as will fully protect the interests of the peoples involved and ensure to the associated Governments the un restricted power to safeguard and en force the details of the peace to which the German government has agreed, provided they deem such an armistice possible from the military point of view. Should such terms or an arm istice be suggested, their acceptance by Germany will afford the best con crete evidence of her unequivocal ac ceptance of the terms and principles of pea:e from which the whole ac tion proceeds. "The President would deem him self lacking In candor did he not point out In the frankest possible terms the reason why the extra-ordinary safe guards must be demanded. Signifi cant and Important as the constitu tional changes seem to be which are spoken of by the German Foreign Secretary In his note of the 20th of October, it does not appear that the principle of a Government responsible to the German people has yet been fully worked out or that any guaran tees either exist or are In contempla tion that the alteration of principle and of practice now partially agreed upon will be permanent. Moreover, it does not appear that the heart of the present difficulty has been reach ed. It may be that future wars have been brought under the control of the German people, but the present war has not been, and It Is with the present war that we are dealing. It is evident that the German people have no means of commanding the acquiescence of the military authori ties of the Empire in the popular will that the power or the King or Prus sia to control the policy of the Em pire Is unimpaired; that the de termining Initiative still remains with those who have hitherto been the mat ters of German. "Feeling that the whole peace of the world depends now on plain speaking and straightforward action, the President deems It his duty to say, without any attempt to soften what may seem harsh words, that the na tions of the wot Id do not and can not trust the words of thos? who hare hitherto been the masters of German policy, and to point out once more that in concluding pea?e and attempt ing to'undo the iafinite injuries and injustices of this war the Government of the United States cannot deal with any but veritable representatives of the German people who have been as sured of a genuine constitutional standing as the real rulers of Ger many. If it must deal with the mili tary masters and the nionarchlal au tocrats of Germany now, or if it is likely to have to deal with them lat er in regard to the international ob ligations of the German Empire it must demand, not peace negotiations, but surrender. Nothing can be gain ed by leaving this essential thing un said "Accept, Sir, the renewed assuranM ces of my high consideration. - v ( Signed ) "ROBERT LANSING" "Mr. Frederick Oederlin, Charge d'Af falres of Switzerland, ad Interim. In charge of German Interests' In the United States." JUST WHAT GERMANS THINK J OF AMERICAN SOLDIER. t Chief Intelligence Officer of Germin Army Gives Opinion of tJnjjUl State Troops With Few Side Re marks. With the British Army In France, October. 21st. Just what the Ger mans think of American soldiets with a few side remarks regarding the St. Mihiel operations Is disclosed in a confidential document signed by the chief Intelligence officer of the ltli German army which has been captur-f-d by Americans lighting ou the Brit ish front. The document prefaces' a discussion of the St. Mihiel attacks by admitting that the number of Americans in reserve on that occasion was unknown. It then takes up the divisions which carried out the as sault. Tho document discusses tho details of the operations, admitting that when the Americans reached T'llaoourt the entire St. Mihiel salient was render ed untenable and therefore its evacua tion was ordered and the retreat car ried out according to plan. A little further on the order has this to say or the American soldier: "He obviously Is very much afraid of being taken prisoner. He defends himself violently to the last' against this danger and does not surrender. This seems to be the res'u.t of pro paganda picturing cruel treatment if he falls Into German hands. "The American is expert In handl Ing machine guns, is firm on the de fensive and develops a strong power or resistance rrom his very numerous machine guns. The bearing of the in fantry indicates Blight military train ing. The artillery was at Its best as long as It remained at its original positions during preparaton ror an at tack. The methods or fire were good. It was very quick in getting on oppor tune targets, this apparently jein? due to the lavish employment of tech nical devices. Within a minimum period the Americans were able to furnish a well directed fire. "Lalson between the Infantry and artillery was perfect. . When infantry ran Into machine gun nest it Imme diately fell back and a new artillery preparation rrom accompanying bat teries rollowed very promptly." A sentence In the documents says. "In general It should be noted the American is quite honorable he does not fire on stretcher bearers." Mrs. W. P. Griggs Commits Siihltle at Mt. Cmghan. (The Pageland Journal.) Mrs. Will P. Griggs committed sui cide at her home on the old Taylor place near Mt. Croghan last Thursday afternoon by shooting a twenty-two-calibre ball Into her rorehead with a rifle. She was alone in the house at the time. Her husband had gone to reed his hogs, and upon his return round Mrs. Griggs struggling on tho floor. She lived about an hour afte.' the wound was Inflicted. No reason was given for the act, though it Is said, she had talked or committing suicide a number or times. She was thirty-five or forty years old, and a member of Center Church. Her maiden name was Myers or Plains and t.r the late Mr. R. M. Myers or Ches terfield. The body was burled at Plains on Friday. CER.MAXY'8 PLEA FOR A ARMISTICE IS WITH ALLIES Already CoatsMered by Supreme War Council It is Thought ARK Will - Approve Wilson's Principles. " Washington. D. C. October 24th. J Germany's plea for an armism and peace Is now before the Allied Governments, which are to determine whether they are disposed to accept President Wilson's principles of set tlement, to which Germany subscribes. ana in accord with the United States ask. their military advisers and those Of America to prepare the terms of an armistce which virtually will mean surrender by Germany. , In various public utterances, the premiers and other leaders or the En tente Powers, have repeatedly declar ed that President Wilson's statements in his address of last January 8th and subsequent addressee reflect their own views. Something more official ind binding is required now, although It is regarded here as a foregone con clusion that this approval will be reg istered and that the offices of the su preme war council wil be invoked to prepare the fateful document which will define the conditions under which Germany may secure relief from the incessant hammering of the victorious Allied and American Armies. No one here to-day would under take to forecast the probably time of a tinai . decision on Germany's plea. It Is known, however, that the su preme war council already has giv en the matter the most earnest consi deration. And In that connection, it was recalled that tbaVe was no delay 4n notifying General d'Espernay, the Allied Commander on the Balkan front, of the terms that should be laid down ror Bulgaria when that nation asked for an armistice. The general principles in each case probably are similar, but there necessarily will be a great variance in the details, since not only Is a greater army and coun try to be dealt with, but the question of. large naval forces as well. . MAY INJECT NEW POINTS. ' Certain . utterances of Entente Statesmen and of inspired official or gans have led to the surmise here that, while accepting the terms laid down; by President Wilson, there may be a disposition to Inject-new matters fo meet Individual demands and to propose new points based upon ever shifting conditions. It Is belived, however, that if such should prove he case, the new points probably would be dealt with n connection with the Jjnal peace negotiations. And I nno uvi unf i up 'cauNiwriuoD oi the form of armistice. - The Unled States already has ca pable Army and Naval Officers In Eu rope ready to deal with the techni cal questions Involved in an armis tice and, If It should become necessary to consider political Issues, President Wilson also will be amply represent ed by chosen agents. The Entente Premiers, whose duty It is to deal with these political questions, can be speedily assembled at the most con venient entente capital to meet the President's representatives. General approval of the President's reply to Germany and of his action In transmitting Germany's request to the Allied Governments was voiced here to-day in official and diplomatic circles. Although several senators were known to have prepared ad dresses on the subject, there was no discussion of the note in the Senate. Most senators however, both private ly and In public statements, praised the President 8 course. Senator Lodge, of Massachusetts, the repub llcan leader, who disapproved the note, was ready to speak to-day and it was said that when the Senate re convenes Monday after a three day recess there will be a general peace discussion. TWO POINTS EMPHASIZED. Two points in the President's note generally emphasized in official clr cleg were his plan notice that the on ly kind of armistice acceptable to the United States is one to carry with It virtual surrender and that, even if those terms are complied with, there can be no dealings looking to peace with the Kaiser and the German war lords. The terms laid down by the Pres Ident for an armistice were said to be without precedent In the history of warfare. Usually an armistice is de finded as a suspension of hostilities for certain specified purposes, such as peace negotiations, and involves sim ply the maintenance of the status quo on each side. But the President has laid down the demand .TfTat the armistice shall make it Impossible for the German army apaln to renew hos tilities. No mention was made in th note about the evacuation of Invaded territory, but far more than that would be necessary to meet the Pres ident's demand. Details of the armistice must be worked out by the military advisers of the Governments associated against Germany. They would include con ditions under which the Germans armies would evacuate Belgium and France; occupation of strategic points in Germany by Allied and American forces so as to remove the possibility or a renewal or hostilities; demobili zation of the German army, restric tions on the manufacture of supplies and ammunitions, occupation of strat egic naval bases and the treatment of German naval vessels and submarines. GERMANY MAY REFUSE. Officials do not overlook the fact that there may be a chack to the orderly preparation for an armistice caused by the refusal of the German government to accept the severe terms as outlined by the President In hi reply to Berlin, which probably al ready has reached Germany in offi cial form through the Swiss Govern ment as well as by wireless from Ar lington, from which It was sent broad. cast. . The Present German government, it was said, may refuse terms tanta mount! to complete surrender and ap peal to the German people to con tinue the war.' In this connection. it was noted that the government now in power has made It plain that there Is no thought of restoring Alsace-Lorraine to France, a condition of peace on which the United States and the Allied Governments are thoroughly agreed. On the other hand, persistent ru mors continue to reach Washington that Germany desires peace at any cost and one report has said that de mobilization of armed forces In the interior already has begun. President Wilson has pointed the way to peace and shrewd observers believe that the German people now thoroughly real ize the only conditions on .which It can be brought about. THE EFFORTS OF PERSHIXG FOR MEX'S BETTERMENT. No Strong Drink Plenty of Exercise and Amusements for the Soldiers of the United States. (Correspondence of The Associated Press.) Headquarters American Expedition ary Forces, October 10th. General Pershing's order forbidding the use of all alcoholic beverages except light wines and beers by soldiers and In stituting various forms of athletics and wholesome amusements to pre vent immorality has brought him much gratifying and favorable com ment from American and Allied sourc es which have been striving for the betterment or the men in the Bold. His admonition of "prompt disciplin ary action" is having a salutary ef fect. Efforts are being made to keep ev ery American soldier, when he is not actually under fire or in the trenches, occupied with Instruction on various useful objects, work, drill, baseball, football, wrestling, boxing, foot rac ing and other forms of sports, athlet ic games, theatrical entertainments and clean motion picture shows. The determination pf the American commander to secure a rigid enforce ment of his anti-drunkenness and an-ti-im morality regulations was Indicat ed In a letter written by General Pershing appointing representatives to a. British American conference, on the subject.' In mca he, saidr1" ''The gravest responsibility rests on those to whom the parents of our soldiers have entrusted their sons to the battle and we fall If we neglect any effort to safeguard them In ev ery way. We have the common ground of humanity; we have the well considered conclusions of the best scientific minds on our side, and from the fact that, In this war of nations in arms the soldier is merely a citi zen on war servlce.we have all the ele ments which will force co-operation between military and civilian authori ties." Leniency by courts martial is deal ing with cases arising from non-observance of the order, General Persh ing stated, would not he tolerated, "and to Insure this," he said, "the records of all sentences will be care fully examined and compared and lax courts and officers held strictly ac countable." RESTRICTIONS ON SUGAR ARE MORE RIGID Soft Drink Manufacturers Cut to 25 of .Normal Requirements Ice Oram Manufacturers and Other Commercial Users Affected. Correspondence of The Journal. Raleigh, Oct. 24. Restrictions up on the use of sugar by manufacturers will be even more rigid in November and December than In recent allot ments by the Food Administration The Food Administration has tele graphed Federal Food Administrators in all states, advising them that sugar allotments will be held rigidly to two pounds per person per month, and an nouncing further restrictions for man ufacturers. Soft drink manufacturers will be al lowed only 25 per cent of the amount normally required In their business. This cuts In half the amounts they were entitled to use in the months or July, August, September, and October. Ice rream manuracturers will come under the same restrictions, receiving only one-fourth of the amount or su gar normally required. Practically all manufacturers or beverage syrups, confections, chewing gum, chocolate cocoa, cough drops, malted milk, syr ups and molasses, soda water, adulter. ated honey, and similar articles, will be cut to 50 per cent of the average monthly use of sugar from July 1 to December 31, 1916 and 1917, com bined. Candy and rhorolate nrnufacturers are being instructed to pive prefer ence to the Army. Navy, Hed Cross, Y. M. C. A., and Salvation Army Sugar needed to care for those or ders should come out of their regu lar allotment, except when furnished for shipment overseas. In Had. (From The Louisville Courier Jour nal.) "We played fool," declared the crown prince. "I see it now." "We had the whole world to pick a fight with." "Well " "And look at the crowd we picked out." VL DRIVING GERMAN CARD BORDKIC . A Slow the Enemy 1 Offering ReaUtanre Anierkaa Taking Pan. (By The Associated Press.) With the American Army North west of Verdun. October 23rd. 5. p u i ' Th utiffest Behtinc of the American offensive west of the Meue wss under way to-day. The lino fa swaying back and forth. In the region of Grand Pre. on t sf r.m end of the front, the Ameri cans threw back repeated violent Ger man counter attacks. -Th Aiitmt Armie in France and Belgium are still driving the Germans toward their border, but the process is now comparatively siow. On the sectors that are requiiitw to the stability of the entire G-jrman line where a crash through proha hiv wnntrl mean the immediate col lapse of the whole or the defensive system the most stubborn resist ance ia heina offered bv the enemy. and what gains are being made by the Allies are virtually toot ny 1001 w the faic of the hornets of the bat tle, line the machine guns. Particularly vicious ngnung is m progress west of the Meuse river, where the Americans, in their en deavors to overcome the natural ob stacles barring the way northward to Sedan, are faced by picked troop with m-ftoiA to hold them back at all costs; in the region from LeCateau to the north of Valenciennes, where the British and some Americans grad ually are tearing tneir way mrougn the enemy's front and between Tour nat and Audenarde, where the Brit ish also are hard after the enemy. MATERIAL PROGRESS MADE. Notwithstanding the frantic endeav ors of the enemy to maintain their positions on all three or these sectors, material progress has been made. Likewise, northeast oi Lon mo French on an eight-mile front have delivered a thrust that carried them forward from two to three miles. In to the hands of the British have fal len two thousand more German pris oners, while the Americans west of the Meuse also have gathered in num bers of the enemy and a considera ble quality of his machine guns. Veritable nests or machine gun are being encountered by the Ameri cans as they attempt to press forward along the rront from the Meuse to the town of Grand Pre, situated nOrth ALLIES ARE PMcestl a HtiLyn of the Argonne Forest, but m spu of thesevOBstacles-'they ,. have taen farther ground nd at fast accounts.,,. were steadily keeping up meir pres sure against the enemy. Extremely hoaw rTnnfpr attarks have been suc cessfully sustained north of Grand Pre, and on this sector particularly strong concentrations of enemy ar tillery fire have gone almost for naught. On the wertern bank of th Meuse, the town of Brcuilles has been taiion. the enemy having bucned and evacuated it and retreated in the gen eral direction or Dun. FRENCH NEAR MONTCORXET Exactly what has been accomplish ed by the French In a drive northeast of Laon, except that they have gain ed over a wide front, has not yet be come apparent, but It brings appreci ably neater Montcornet, the last im portant railroad junction in this re gion. North and Sounth of Valenciennes. Field Marshal Haig has continued, his attacks against the Germans and everywhere made good progress. Be tween Le Cateau and Solesmes, a sharp wedge has been driven into the Germany line, threatening the town of Maubeuge on the east, and out flanking Valenciennes on the south. North of Valenciennes the town of Bruay has been captured, virtually making Valenciennes untenable for the enemy. To the north of this re gion the British have reached the west bank of the Scheldt Canal. W here the First Three Are Ruiled (The Youth's Companion.) Not long ago the French military authorities granted permission to an American press correspondent to spend a day and a night in the trench es where Corp. Gresham and Privates Hay and Enrlght of the American Ar my perished In tho German raid of November 3rd, 1917. Later he visit ed the graves of these first to fall. The soldiets, he says, guided us between two buildings down a stretch of deep mud. Out ahead was a tea acre field, surrounded by a high stone wall. At the very bottom angle of the wall eleven fresh mounds marked the resting places of the American dead. Wilted flowers covered them. At the head of each was roughly hewn cross five feet high. Farthest away, the crosses told us. lay the body of Thomas Enrlght. Next was the grave of Merle D. Hay, and the nearest of the three was the mound that was the resting place of James B. Gresham. The markers for those three American were octagon al wooden name plates with the reg imental number of er.ch man, and th date of death Insnibed on ea-h. An Intertwined background of the Stars and Stripes and the French Tricolor made them stand out prominently. On the fence Inclosing the graves la a wooden sign, with black letter paint ed on a while background. The In scription in French reads: "Here lie the first soldiers of the noble republic of the United State to rail on French soil for justice and liberty." The focd problem is a perpetual" I challenge to the Ideallrm and business. JcfJcJcr.cy of America..
The Monroe Journal (Monroe, N.C.)
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Oct. 25, 1918, edition 1
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