fOL. JXL
BRITISH CABINET
REVIEWS FIGURES.;
S«»— Thousand Soldier* Stnl
to Pimm Daily.
Thar* has Juat boon issued by the
war cabinet, according to Answer*, a 1
London weakly, a general nurvay of
the war activities «ef last year. Seme I
of the astonialring details It makes'
clear are reduced to a Una or so hare:
Britain lent 5,#80 million dollar* to1
her allies up to December, 1917, and
8"$' million dollars to the dominions. ,
Tho manufacture of bear has been'
reduced from .Id million barrels to 14
mil'ion.
U is estimated that the praaant sys
tem of coal distribution will rave the
equivalent of TOO million tons being
carried one mile.
The war cabinet held three hun- j
drcl meetings in • year.
Thore are ^cven and one-half mil-'
lion men in the British armies.
Only one ithip in two hundred of!
convoyed vessels has been lost.
The German submarine has a sur
face speed up to 18 knots, and a sub-!
merged speed of 10 to 11 knots. She
Carrie:: fmm 15 (o 20 torpedoes; she
can travel 100 miles completely sub
merged; and he can remain under
water, resting on the bottom, up to
48 hours.
The range of a German torpedo is
five miles and the speed 40 knots.
Half Germany's U-Boats Destroyed.
Since the beginnin* of the war the'
admiralty believes that between 40
and 50 per cent of German submarine*!
operating in British waters have been
captured, sunk or otherwise destroyed.
In one month battleship cruisers
and destroyer* in home waters steam-!
ed mora than one million miles, while,
auxiliary patrol Mi-vices steamed
more than sfx million t&TIes.
Great Britain has 7,700 miles of!
coast line to defend.
The royal naval air service num
bers 4*i,000 men, 17fi airships and kite'
balloon* and more than 2.500 sea-'
planes and airplanes. These figures1
are constantly increasing.
In one Week the aircraft patrol1
round the British isles 30,000 miles. I
Of 10 million men transported over- I
•sea, only about 3,500 have been lost. |
Up to last August 25 million tons
of explosives and army supplies and
51 million tons of coal and oil had
been shipped overseas.
Seven thousand men and 30,000
tons of supplies are sent daily to
France.
About 567 steamers are continually;
supplied in carrying troops and army<
supplies.
There are 420,000 men in the navy, j
During 1917 we took on all fronts'
115,000 prisoners and 781 guns.
Military hospitals in the United
Kingdom number 2,000.
More than 17,000 women are em-1
ployed as military nurses and 28,000
others are employed in various work
at military hospitals.
In the brightest moonlight it is al
most impossible to see an airplane
flying at 10,000 to 15,000 feet.
There are 2,022,000 men and 704,
t)00 women engraved on munitions.
Since the hejfinninu of 1917 the
output of hitrh explosives has more
than met our own demands, enabled
us to build up lartce stocks and sup
ply our allies.
Some 9,000 tractors and tractor
plows have been ordered in America.
The number of articles handled
each week by the central stores
branch of the ministry of munitions
exceed* 50 million.
If we had p.vd the Dime price for
VUT> ammunition in 1917 as in 1916,
the increase in cost would have been
215 million dollars.
Excluding officers, non-commission
ed officers and invalids, there are in
this country some 110,000 enemy pris
oners, all but 400 of whom are at
work.
0»ly 584,000 tons of paper reached
England in 11*17 M against 1,79*000
tons in 1914.
ALWAYS REASON
FOR AIR SMASH.
But Often Only Dead Aviator
Kn«w What it W«.
Da la«, Tnu, May 4.- There i* a
raaoun for »v»ry aviation i Mart,
Sometime* it is an otiiou* one but
too often only the dnul flyer »»ir
knew what sent hie marhin.' rra*hing
to the ground.
Up to the middle of April there had
been HA fatalitie* in tho nix Texa*|
aviation enmpe and in many of Ox*
trident* that rau*«d thorn no one
knew ju*t what unexpected condition,
'ust whut 'veakneas in man or ma
te F>al had developed high in the air,|
t Worth with it* three aviation
Aeld* and i» preponderance of flyer*
training under the British officer* In
the Kuyal Flying eurp« hud I'J death.
up to April 17; ilouaton wan next w.ih
M.
Oa.-he* may he due to miitapplirn
tion of rule*, unfamiliarly with pwu
liar aerial condition*, faulty material
in tho airplane, sudden fright Mixing
the aviator of mere cackle nm
In flying there are no brake- to ap
ply. The pilot mu*t l>e alert and ready
for any emergency. A plane Just
leaving the fleld ha* the advantage
over a plane above to land in an im
pending disaster. The landing place
i* going much faster than the ono
ju*t "revved up." The pilot just
starting up mu::t he rareful not to
misjudge his «tart end thus be over
taken by a plane that i* puwerle** to,
avoid the crash.
nine* punning in ine ante HI
rection should have an interval of at
least 200 yards to insure *afety t
against collisions. When they are
passing over and under, they must
pas* at a distance of nt least 50 yards
and those upprjjg^iing a^bead-on pass{
must have afleasf fS6 varefs between
them.
One of the most common reasons
for accidents M given by instructors
is disobedience of orders. At a cer
tain height and going at a certain
well defined speed, so many loops or
dives or whatever maneuvers is to lie
adopted' may be, made with safety.
If the aviator disregards the 1mms of
mathematics in which he has been
drilled anil undertakes one more loop,
the consequences may prove fatal.
Landing in a cross wind is highly
dangerous. It frequently causes the
plane to turn completely over and;
pins the pilot underneath the heavy j
engine.
There have been numerous death',
flight commanders say from pilots los-;
ing their nerve. The driver flnds he
has lost control of his engine, makes j
a frantic effort to right the plane.1
fails the first time, lapses into un
consciousness and the plane falls to
earth at such terrific speed that the
aviator is dead before he reaches the'
ground.
During their periods of instruction,
cadets about to fly are given a strict
course to follow in the air. The lo
cation in which some airplanes have'
fallen indicated that the cadets once
up in the air, disregarded their in
structions and followed their own'
sweet will. According to the rules of
he becomes a flying cadet and wears
course, under normal conditions col
lision with another plane is not pos
sible.
Lieutenant C. S. Dive of Elling
ton field, Houston, recently described
some of the hazards and duties of an
airman. Immediately following the
first exercises in which the students
develop their sense of balance and
stability, they ore drilled in aeriul
dynamics.
Lieutenant t'hase declared that "air
pockets" are not "pockets" at all, but
are ascending and descending cur
renst caused by hot and cold waves
in the air. A plane ascends in warm
i currents and falls in cold currents.
Korasta and wet grass and trees make
[ i'ool air; level strethches where the
•im shines contain warm air.
An aviator must understand meter
| "logy, photography, wireless telegra
phy and be a master of machine gun
Arc, Lieutenant <"has« addad. When
ba bacauias a flying cadot and »■■ «
a white hat hand, he rat* kit flrr.t
rida aloft. After a few trip* ha doM
"»olo," that '* (m up alone, the
m t part of hia training.
Next ha flier, in formation and then
on croit* country tripe where ha i*
■ impelled to land guidet^inly hy map
and instrument*. Then comes hit
'•hy and lie a master of machine gun
iire and other (pacial training which
u.<1 t'hm >' hi* usefulness a* ona of the
"eye» of tha nrmy."
Officers fommanding the Texa
amps, while deploring the fatalities
thnt have accomplished tha training
(if Uncle Ham'* flyer*, nay that, in
comparison with the numbar of men
who have h«un trained and become ex
pert, Uie total ia surprisingly small.
0%er 17,000,000 Peopl*
Bought Liberty Bond*.
Washington. May 5.—Analysis of
liberty loan report* today IV.I'd tli.it
probably 17,000,000 pers bought
Ihi ii! in the campaign which cloaod
Init midnight 7,000,000 more than n
the second loan and 12,500,000 more
thuri in the tint,
Latmt tabulation* «how# 1
'i2tt,250 reported subscriptions, but the
treasury now believe* the actual to
tal, which may run to $4,000,000 will
not be definitely known until May 13.
four days ufuaI individual banks are
ruquiicd ta report to federal reserv.
banks. ■«,
wnatevrr me money total. sain a
treasury staiement tonight, "the loan
just clewed probably in the moot *uc
i e ful ever floated by any nation.
The marvelous distribution of th>
third liberty loan indicate* thnt one
out of every six persons hi the United
Stated may have participated in this
Joan*
Ranks' resources, it was pointed out
have been drawn on comparatively lit
tle to make the loan a success, and Lie
prospects for future loans are bright
er a-s a consequent*. An added rea
son for jubilation anion;; treasur.,
officials is the indication that the gov
ernment bond buyuiK halnt is becom
ing stronger among people of smai.
means anil that they probably will
invest even more heavily in the fourth
loan next fall.
Secretary McAdoo, in a statement
thanking the nat on for its support of
the loan said the w despread distri
bution of bonds "is particularly grati
fying" and added: "This is ti
-oundest form of national war finance
the distribution of the loan among
the poeple themselves." He urged
subscribers to retain their bonds.
Partial returns today showed that
New York will lead all : tates in nuni
tier of individual subscribers, with
4,000,000, and the state also leads in
actual money totals.Penmylvania pro
bably will be second in number of
subscribers, though the rtate's figures
are not in, and Illinois third with near
ly 1.250.000v
A GOOD FRIEND.
A fcood friend stands by you when
in need. Mount Airy people tell how
Doan's Kidney Pills have stood tin
test. Dick Roberts of 11S Haymore
street. Mount Airy, endorsed I><*■■'>.
two year* ago and atrain con Arms the
story. Could you a-k for more con
vincting testimony?
"I suffered n preat deal from back
ache and when I stooped over 1 had
trouble in straightening" say* Mr.
Robert*. "Mv kidney* were out of
order. I used IK>ar'» Kidney Pills,
procured from Hawk"* Drug Store
and they promptly relieved me. My
Uack and kidney* b« > ame strong and
well."
Over two year* later, Mr. Robert*
said: "Today n.y kidi y* are sound
and my health U good. Doan's Kid
ney Pills are a flne kidney medicina."
Price «0c, at All dealers. Don't
simply a*k for a kidney remedy—get
[Ktan's Kidney Pills the same that
Mr. Robert* had. Poster- Mil burn
Co„ Mfgrs., Buffalo, N. Y.
hq«5 ..."'TMF.NT
" AN.
•>» f+i. > ly- huriK .
I.i*tan to thi*l
"I Trvik after my dear working par
pi" a« does a father hi* fhiMrtn. I
' k rnci fur thim, p«\y
• I v*' pension* ; al*» pcnMon for
i;a, *irkne*<, loaa of work and in- |
' •. in families. I pay higk wage*
1 ' < working hour*, make loan* easy
t fatm»/*, I ha'c no slum* a do
A md tireat Hrltain; I adjudi-'
i'" all utrike*. Mine ia the land o« j
it • •mi-.frea and hnppy workingman "I
That i« the ("oiled-down-to-a-few
• '»n<»» pr<i, <randa that (iarmnny
covered the whola world with bef'tr*
t^ 'i»r with 'he oKten»ihle purpose of I
Wi ikenlng the mural* of her encmia*
in t>e war she thru wa* planning.
flrcal rrmli' in dua to Chairman
Fa ley of the National Civic Kede>»-'
|ion i hi- pulli-hed refutation of Ger^
tnnny'n <laims; ju*t a few items from
'hut valuable document will prove il
luminating:
Widow ' pension* in Germany dur
i- a i rii nf year* averaged 35 rer.ta
n week; <-k pension* 95 cent* a week;
^validity r>en ion the ame; orphan*'
p.-t,«ion< 3"7 cents a week: Wage*
r • l ajp'd f" r day for carpenter* 11.45
•lumbar- »l.2.r>; railway employ**—,
•ngiie" rid i "ndtictor* on *tate
-a.I Trt ent;., hop worker*, $1.02
mal* farm labor 72 cent*; women
farnf labo 12 cant*.
vvmy
iod—-fit.
A iii tl in u land where ffovern
it • p!a< <•»! awrage colt of
;-U»h rnilies at over $&00 p«*r
. . Ho.'. <1 «1 they make both ends
icit; i>j working the whale family;
I woman in Germany
the before the war per-:
10,000,000 ail told—and a«
•he utn testify from an extend-'
ed trip • ightout the empire, at!
abor.
those of skilled labor j
per week, in textile and ^
m 12 to 11 j>er day. In(
tore* of Berlin kept
ht and tome hour# on
h that la -1 wis reme
njr year. The smaller
i :\ worve as to hours.
rn a tohs from my
{ rn 7 in morning to
the ha? *! I
As to I
ran about h
! other \it. T
ton t>
nen til!
Sunday
!ietl th* . I.
tores W t.
V h i* k,
hotel Wi.'l.rt
9 at nipht.
i Kefpi
! to .
| venr I -av.
| disturhar •'
Berlin ar.d tl
^ttled it in
by shooting
lasted • • iy
! was altov,
i IToWe.c , tV
I anil was
| punishment,
[ley's stat.sU
, i»l ine sir ik
' ful ami la'
meet un«,e»'
<trike* which Germany
. s adjudicate; that
1'ejfinninjr of such a
ihe Mi .»btt section of
nd, for the authorities'
t • homestead fashion
th* ringleaders. It
lays arid the press
v nothing about it.
arts referred to it
I for three days as
dint? 'to Mr. Eas
more than two-thirds
1<(12 were unsuccess
only allowetl to
u»n! supervision.
A* to uuL-ver has smelted
[the horrible odoi in Cologne--until
1014 the filth ■ t city in Europe in
•omi' o' it :i >iile ice sections, will
! laught at t , i claim to being
lumlc Ail vvl- about the foul-,
ness of >!ad" 1
lOast Li r ■
' !>ari«on. 1"
empire. I<
| with tlu
I ed hoi i e -
condition
Cologne, 1'
' toWM -1
poverty's
Berlin In
V:
j.ik :
ih I
and Itantzig—j
e Alley in cum
>w city of the
on of palace*
. stucco-front
llien—ant] thin
0 in Hamburg,
1 other large
•ed ranks of
w up<tii row
ii te! rment*
i the world.
"> herding in
hall bathi i«>m
a do.ven luch |
uver a third!
than any o'h r i
Kannhe
(one apartment Rfd s
doing servi.e for I...
families.
As to In ' ' ■
of Germany f« m le ■ than I 1-4
acres in «Ue; 22.0 pei cent he >veen
t 1-4 and 5 acres; 17 % per cent 5 to
12 acres; Ift.tl p. cent 12 to 60 acre*;
while 21,'.i'" jtuike the land baron*
I own nearly 2f>.">''<>.t)00 acre«—running i
from 2M to 500 htm ui<1 mora eacn
The above ia only a small part of
the picture which Rmiiui* actually ■
presented to the world in J* bet•
the war pfriml. Not of course what
■Ita >.laim«l, but nevertheless collated
from her official record*—all except
the ftlth of h<-. large cities. It Munda
inviting to an Amciran workingman.
•lje it not! And s,nce then—of courae 1
conditions have (rotten even worn*
r-ith women doing .he work that
would stoop 'ha shoulder* of the
■tiorif;n*t man.
Opprec •« n of farmer*, underpaid
worker*, on 'nvemapt >f Women and
children indu ''tally. shocking hous
ing conditio , chronic underfeeding
wiuh rent Itant fearful infant mortality
counterfeit social >■ uranca- are a
few counts in the indictment nn'r by
Mr. Kaiiley uK.vn.it Germany Iwfore
the war.
(jei man efficiency goes to appalling
lengths, whether it In breeding Ger
man subject* from the enslaved young
women of France and IJc'*ium; or
isauing lying propaganda with which
to breakdown the morale of the
world's democracy. Nothing is too
low, nothing too awful for the Pot»
dam npawn not to attempt.
Yet fools in America Ktill mouth,
"Peace, peace at any price."
Can a man make peace with hell!
President Wilson Save*
Four American Soldier*.
Washington, May 4. — President
Wilson's action today in pardoning
two soldiers of the American expedi
tionary force who had been condemn
ed to death by a military court-mar
tial in France for sleeping while on
■•entry duty, and commuting to nomi
nal prison terms the death sentence*
imposed on two others for disqitcy
ing order*, was viewad t>y many army
officials as approval by the President
of Secretary Raker's stand against the
imposition of the death penalty in the
army in special cases.
Privates Forrest D. Sebastian, of
Eldorado. III., and Jeff Cook, of
I.utie. Okla., were the men pardoned.
In reaching his recision the presi
dent took into consideration their ex
treme youth—the former hung 20
years old and the later 19—and con
cluded that they did not realize the
seriousness of their offense and its
possible disastrous results upon the
unit to which they were attached.
Privates Olon Ledoyen, of Atlanta.
Ga., and Stanley G. Fishback, of Con
nellton, Ind.. were the men convicted
for disobeying orders. Their sen
tence was commuted to three years
in the federal penitentiary at Fort
Leavenworth, Kan., and they will b«
brought to this country for imprison
ment. The roldiers are 19 years old.
All four of the men wen volunteers
in the regular army.
The recent execution of 16 negro
soldiers in Texas after cor viction on
the charge of rioting resulted in Pres
ident Wilson issuing instructions that
ca«es in which similar sentences were
imposed should l>e sent to him for
final approval. Army regulations give
General Periling full authority to
order the carrying out of dea'.h sen
tences, but in these cases he sent the
record to the war department for con
sideration.
All Record* Smashed
In Ship Construction.
Philadelphia, May 5.—A11 record*
for rapid construction of • ship were
broken today when the 6,598 ton steel
collier Tucahoe was launched at the
yard of the New York Shipbuilding
corporation in Camden, N. J. The
kneel of this wonderful ship was laid
on April 8 and only 27 working days
were required to prepare the hull for
launching. The boat was 90 per cent
completed when it sl'd into the water*
of the Delewar* and in 16 days mora
it will take Ita place in the commerce
of the world, complete r.nd ready for
a cargo.
FOOD SHORTAGE
BRING CRISIS.
Step Talun by Emperor to Pre
vent Politics Miiiai with
Economic Problem.
AmittnUm, May 4. — Umperor
Charles of Ati tria Km* nnpiinml (bo
Austrian premier to adjourn ,»Hia
ment and forthwith inaugurate mni
ures to render Impossible th« resum
ption of it* activities, a Vienna ilia
,<atch says. A statement put>lmh*4
in Vienna indicates that the closure
of parliament ia due to the serioua
new of the fno«l situation. The stata
ment say*:
"The government will devote its en
tin strength 'o the aec-iomic prob
lem and will tiy to ir»aU conditions
requi.ed to enable population to hold
out."
A Vienna dispatch say* thai the
AuHtrian premier, Dr. von Sey llar,
• peaking at a conference of party
leader*, declared that the i e, out' eco
nomic and fowl condition! made it im
perative for the present government
to bo spared parliamentary criticism.
He therefore demanded that the pro
poned sittings of pari >* men t h»> ~*«t
poned adding that unless the party
lenders took thin the unvprnnenl
would prevent the session* forvibly.
(Apparently this conference, the data
of which ia not given was held be
fore the emperor acted.)
The president of the lower nous*
of parliament Ml id in reply to the
premier that the conditions prevail
ing in the country and the demand
from the larger political parties for
resumption of the sittings of parlia
ment made a fi rther postponement
impos.-ible. The leaders of the (Jsr
man )>arty favored p< tponemant but
Or. Victor Adler, socialist lender and
oth«r party representative.,, inclj-'ing
the PoTT.Ot groop. wWCVpoaetf. not
withstanding their protests, the post
ponement of parliament was agreed
upon.
Austria has been ilocp in <:• ffic-ul
ties, both political and economic, for
more than u year, ard it has been
an open ttcrct that Kmperor <'hi lea
was de>irous of brii.ging about peace,
his efforts in this direction having
occasionally aroused criticism in Her-'
lin.
In the .last few months there have
been insistent reports that the fxxi
situation in Austria was growing des
perate. It has been represented that,
except for the favored classes the peo
ple were receiving barely more than
enough food to avert actual starva
tion. Owing to the lack of direct com
munication with Austria and the diffi
culty of obtaining authentic infor
mation, however, it has been impossi
ble to form any estimate as to th*
gravity of the food crisis.
100 N. C. Doctors and
Surgeon* are Wanted.
Washington, May 4.- Thousand* of
doctors and surgeons throughout Che
country will be urged to enroll for
service to meet the growing demands
for the army and navy under a plan
decided upon today at a meeting here
of practically all state committees of
council of national defense. The cit
ies will be called upon to furnish
the general medical board of the
tea will be called upon to furnish
most of the medical men needed and
it is expected that 7.0U0 will respond
to the call by July 1 and 6,000 more
before the end of the year.
Maj. John D. McLean, secretary of
the general board, announced the
state quotas, which are to ha appor
tioned among counties by the state
committees. They include:
North Carolina, 100; South Caro
lina, 160; Tennessee, 200; Virginia,
100.
Miami. Fla.. aMy 1,—Unit Melvin
E. Sullivan and Sergeant Calvin B.
Crank, of the marine corps, were kill
ed at the Curtis marina flying school
near here late today whan their air
plane, from which they wore practic
ing gunnery, fell about TN hot