Newspapers / The Pinehurst Outlook (Pinehurst, … / March 13, 1915, edition 1 / Page 4
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THE PINEHURST OUTLOOK THE JEFFERSON THE MOST MAGNIFICENT HOTEL IN THE SOUTH RICHMOND, VIRGINIA m ' t f 1 '"''""I - ,4V'W3$$ft 1 , ,.J t - var --.Ti Eighteen Hole Golf Course of Country Club of Virginia Nearby T The many points of historic interest in, and around the City, and its central location make Richmond a very desirable stop-over point for tourists, f Rooms single and en suite, with and without baths. Turkish and Roman Baths. Every comfort for the tourist, every convenience for the traveling man. For handsomely illustrated booklet or reservations, address THE JEFFERSON, Richmond, Virginia O. F. WEISIGER, Manager PINEHURST DEPARTMENT STORE March 15th, 1915 Is the date set for OUR BIG SPRING SALE Everything in Our Dry Goods and Men's Furnishing Departments at Cost COME AIND GET TUB BARGAINS ! Toilet Articles in Parisian Ivory, Chaffing Dishes, 5 O'clock Teas, Useful Leather Goods, Silk Waists, Silk Sweaters, Golf Coats, Sporting Coats, Tennis Goods. Also we carry a full line of Dry Goods, Men's Furnishings, Boots and Shoes, Fancy Wools, Embroidery Silks, Groceries, Hardware, Sporting Goods, Guns, Ammunition, Fruits and Vegetables. Quality Service Price FLORIDA: EM ridge 25 MILES NORTH OF PALM BEACH Hunting, boating, fishing, bath ing, tennis, golf. Write for folder. TV B. Hambvt Hobe Sound, Fla., Box 25 NORTH CAROLINA INDIANS i i 3 Approximately Four Tliounaml of Ihfin Wltliln Stat' IBordvrit ANOTHER STORY BY COLONEL FRED A. OLDS OF THE HISTORICAL COMMISSION TWO HUNDRED years ago there were, it has been estimated, some thing like sixty thousand Indians in North Caro lina, these being divided into about twenty-two tribes, of which only two were great ones, the Cherokees, who had been here from time immemorial and who lived only west of the Blue Ridge, and the Tuscaroras, who came at a much later period from New England and the Middle States, as a branch of the Algonquin tribe, the most powerful division of the Indians anywhere on the eastern side of the country. If Today there are in North Carolina about one thousand pure blood Indians called Cherokees and about as many of mixed blood, who also have that name and share all its privileges. The latter are a blend with the whites, since these Indians never intermarry with negroes, the latter indeed being extremely scarce in all the region where the Cherokees live. There are, south of Ealeigh and along the South Carolina border, a people generally spoken of as the ' ' Croatans, ' ' and held by some per sons to be the descendants of the first white settlers in North Carolina, the ' 'Lost Colony of Roanoke," that of 1587, and the coast Indians. Twenty-seven years ago the North Carolina Legislature officially named these Indians the ' ' Croatans, ' ' but two years ago it rescinded that action and changed their name to the 1 1 Indians of Robeson County," at the same time continuing their separate system of schools. Of these so-called Indians, or near-Indians, there are approximately four thousand. The Cherokees have their own language, devised a little less than a hundred years ago by Sequoiah, their chief, who worked out an alphabet of English letters and ideograms, there being only twenty-two letters in this. It was this same chief after whom the biggest trees in the world were named, the Sequoiah Gigantea, those giants of the forest, some of which have stood for more than four thousand years. Among the white men who first saw them was a North Carolinian from the moun tain region, who suggested the name which was fixed upon. It was Junaluska, another Indian chief of the Cherokees, who led twelve hundred of his picked warriors in battle in the army of Gen. Andrew Jackson at the " Horseshoe ' ' in Alabama, and took the chief part in win ning the day in the last combat with the Creeks. In grateful memory of this chief North Carolina has erected a statue to him in one of the most beautiful places in the mountains. Scattered here and there in the States were tribes or septs of Indians, some of which two hundred years ago numbered but a handful. The In dians in all the eastern section were dominated and harried by the cruel and vindictive Tuscaroras, who have been apt ly termed the "Apaches of the East" and who came and went all the way from Maine to Florida, dreaded by all tho others, but who seem never to have clashed with the too powerful Cherokees, who kept to their mountain world. In the sand hill country there seem to have been but few Indians, and these were even of a more shifting type than most. Indians were fond of heavy timber and fertile soil, swift streams and places where game and fish were most abundant. They had in mind also the cultivation of their little crops of "pagatowr," which we now know as corn; "uppowok," which wo now call tobacco; potatoes and other things. However the Indian was a simple sort of farmer and did nothing more than scratch the ground. His corn was planted on the flat and cultivated in the same fashion, without any hills or what we now know as rows, and in certain sections of the country the U. S. Agricul tural Department urges this very sort of cultivation. The Indians had no horses or ponies and no cattle. They had a few half wild dogs, which seem to have been used little if any for hunting purposes, for the Indian depended on his own craft to get game. Most people have an idea that three hundred years ago and more North Carolina was an unbroken forest. This was not the case ; there were ' ' open ings," as they were termed, in the oak timber, some of considerable expanse, treeless and covered with grass, while in the coastal plain there were large and clear spaces known as "savannahs," some of which remain to this day. There may be seen near Wilmington, for exam ple, hundreds of acres of savannahs, with out a tree rising above their absolute flat sea of grass. There are no signs of any stumps or roots in some of these savannahs. The white people and the vile things they brought with them in the shape of diseases, drink, slavery and the extermina tion of everybody else, of course tended to soon make most of the Indians but a memory. The Indians themselves were cruel and the smallness of some of their septs or tribes was due to this very fact. They had the art of poisoning springs and putting poisoned reed-points in the grass in the little trails, which they so set that when "a traveling foot" was pierced by one of these blood poison speedily carried off the unlucky intruder. The In dian had the law of self-preservation down to the last degree. With him it was forever "Myself first and everybody afterwards. ' ' If There were tribes so small and so contracted in their sphere of movement that some lived on only one narrow stretch of beach, facing the ocean. On the latter they never by any chance ventured. Though they swam like ducks their fear of the ocean was profound and in time of storm they were careful to keep off the ordinarily quiet waters of the sounds and lakes. North Carolina has set out, for all the world to see, a wonderful series of paint ings from life of the coast Indians as
The Pinehurst Outlook (Pinehurst, N.C.)
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March 13, 1915, edition 1
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