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! C . X " nn ERM VINDICATOR. wt .fin tw VOL. 2. RUTHERFORDTON, NORTH? CAROLINA, AUGUST 2, 1869. NO. 1 9. ---- - l-BM WEB - ' - i 'r AD Hi I f WESTERN VINDICATOR. Honda) Morning, August 2, lSGt). Advert isi nir Hates : One Square, ten lines ach subsequent insertion C3" Liberal rates to monthly and adwsrtiscra. .?l 00 . 50 yearly Special Advertising Itatc. f 1 mo I 2 mo 8 3 mot 6 raos 1 voar Ons square, 'Two square '1'taww " -ur 4 column. 4 0 4 00 5 50 r oo 10 00 15 00 SO 00 f 7 6 00 S 00 10 00 14 00 21 00 30 00 $ 6 00 8 00 11 50 12 00 17 00 25 00 35 00 $ 7 00 12 00 16 00 20 00 25 M) 30 00 50 00 1 10 no 18 00 26 00 35 ( V) 00 50 00 00 00 ' TEBJIS? tTwo Dollars per year in advance. CLUB HATES : Ten Subscribers, : : $17 50 Twenty " ' : : 30 00 ,f Agents for the Vindicator. The following gentlemen are author ised agents for the Western Vindi cator : Capt. W.D.Jones, Battcrson, X. C. Tiddy & Broth ek! Charlotte, 1: M. Logan, Shelby," 'S. S Koss, Limestone Springs, S. C. G. D. Carrier, Traveling Agent. II. D. C. Roberts, Stocksvillc, X. C. HOMESTEAD ACT Opinion oi tho Supreme Court in the Case ol Hill vs. Kcslcr iroan Itowan, by Iitdtfe Headc. From the Raleigh Sentinel. The question involved in this case is whether tho provision in our State Constitution exempting certain proper ty fi'ou execution salo impairs tho ob ligation of pre-oxisting coutracts. The provision . in the Constitution is as follows : Art. X., Section 1. Tho personal property of any resident of this State to the value (if five hundred dollars, to bo selected by such residents, shal bo aud is hereby exempted from sale under execution or other linal process of any court issued for the collection of any debt. See. m. Every homestead and the dwelling and buildings used therewith, not exceeding ia value one thousanJ dollars, to be selected by-the owner thereof, &c, shall bo ulso exempted There has been suitable to carry eut said provision. legislation We concede that if t.W s.TV?wUs impairs the obligation of coutr.cts cither expressedly or by imphcati-n, t U against tho Constitution of the Lni- ted States, and thereto void. The obligation of a contract is the .... .r :, noi-fni-mnnce according to UUIY Ul 113 !'" , i 1 alters its terms, or enables either part without the consent of the other to i.' a ifa trins. imnairs its oo- ligation, and is, therefore, void. A day. Anaey'l'-nvUpv clay earlier, aIlJv7.,ub later, would alter tfrc,it.rmSo"an act and impair tho contra -VM allowing reuuirins him to nav Jebt with JD lnm to discharge tlu to the amouut, would alter the terms Ac. "that a contract We concede, also, must be understood t be mado with aws for its cn- reference to exiotin the time of the fiirnmflnt. And if. . in existence for contract, there are lr fro slie as if the its enforcement, it i the parties, there State were to sayjto shall continue to are now and so t)f each party to enforco bo, laws to enablJd uft r su'jh. a.S3U the coutract. Ae abolish, or injuri rance. it the Sta? remedy, it would be l ife Constitution of tho vlolnfii-a rf fnllil thprpfoTO Void United Stateptt in this caso w as made The coutrL. constitutional exomption before tho s, whou the debtor agreed and thorofoifrcditor a certain sum, wo to imiv the rfire what was tho remedy are to onqytbrcemcnt of that contract ? for the en to suo him, get judgment, It wa 'Fa., levy upon and sell such i6sue Fi.J as he might have eubject to propertfon. Observe, not levy upon and xecutfiy particular property, or all he ell nt have, but only such as might be tniffiject to execution. What is his remedy jmSow under tho Exemption Law ? It r'is, to sue him, "got judgment, issue ex- ecution,' levy upon und sell such prop erty as he has subiect to execution. What is the difference in the remedy then and now ? Thero is not only no injurious alteration, but there is no alteration at all, so far as the proceed ings are concerned. It was formerly tho caso that when a creditor cot his judgment he had two romedies;' one tho levy upon and sale of property, and the other tho impris onment of tho debtor. The Legisla ture abolished the remedy by imprison ment, which often brought the money when nothing else would, leaving ouly iho Temodv airainst the property. And then it was coutended that tho abolish ment of the remedy of imprisonment impairod tho contract. But the Courts in repeated cases, decided otherwise. The true import of the law being, not that the par tios should have any partic ular or specific remedy, but a substan tial and convenient one. In what way does the Constitutional exemption alter or impair tho contract which these par- ties made r now is tne remeuy cuang ed? What was the law at the time tho contn.ct. and which became a of it? Was it that all or any portion it will be seen, tberelore, of th a jrojorty, which tho debtor at tli A limp OI the contract should be liable to execution sale? "Was that the creditor's security for his debt ? Certainly not. The contract was per sonal and a lien upon nothing. Else, how would it be if the debtor had no property ? or, if he had any, how would it be if he should sell it ? Or, how would it bo with property acquired after the contract? Or, how, if a subse quent and more vigilant creditor should get ahead, and take the whole in exe cution? Or, in case of the debtor's death, how would the widow get dow er, or a year's provision? Or, how, would ' uneral expenses have the pref erence over all other debts ? Those considerations make it plain that no such element enters into the contract, as that any particular property which tho debtor has at tho time of the con tract, or which he may subsequently acquire, shall be liable to execution sale; or that any particular remedy is guaranteed. The guaranty is tlat the contract shall never bo altered by law and that there shall be a remedy to enforce it. And the contract is made not only with reference to the remedy existing, but also to such reasonable changes as tho interest of society requi.e, aud tho State may think proper to make. Airainst this view it i3 contej:ded that there are express decisions to the con trary. If there bo such by tho Courts of our sister States, they are entitled to respectful, ana it by tho c upremo Court ot the United ctutes or by our own Court, t ey are eutitlod to the highest consideration. The cases most pressed upon our at tention in favor of tho creditor are Bronsou vs. Kinzie, 1 lloward 311, aud McCracken vs. Haywood, 2 lloward GO.S, botli decided by the Supreme Court of the United States. Bronsou vs. Kinzie, where it was provided in a mortgage deed, that if tho money secur ed was not paid at a given time the mortgagee might enter and sell. And the Legislature of Illiuois passed an act to the effect that the mortgagee should not outer and sell U9 tho con tract said he might, but that he might enter aud sell u ou ceitain conditions not specified in the contract. This was clearly an alteration of tho contract and impaired its obligation. It chunj cd the contract of the partus. But how is the contract changed in our case ? Not a .. .1 T a . a . . 1 1 i 1 . il ai an. j.i Maim.- worn ior woru, as uio parties made it. Aud so, too, tho rem edy, as we have seen, stands word for word. The other case, McCracken vs. nay wood, arose under an act of the Legis- that it provided t hot Tortile, it leviea un it bruu ht tli.11lll llltL I 'XJ CV' t i, .r;t ,tmaiseu tunic. hirtlrt Ot IIS 11. . . , Tho vr . .... I fur s;lfl and would property was . y the waa "rdo? The act applied to ntV.ropertv the debtor had, and to , I: i liiirht acquire. So that, whoth- lie Qivl much or little property, it ,.m.vi iyi be sold, and by uo possible mean- cou tuo creditor make his ",rley. Clearly here was a depriva tion ot all remedy. But how is it in our caso? The exemption does not cover all, but only s much of the debt or's property, and does not exempt his future acquisitions. It does not clog the execution sale with unusual terms, which was the around upon which McCracken and Haywood was decided, but leaves it unembarrassed. And if it should happen, as in our caso, that all ti e debtor a property tails under tho execution, it was not within tho pur- viow of the Constitution that it should, but it is only the " accident" of tho debt or's property, and does not alfect the law. In the caso of McCracken is. Haywood, tho Court ordered the prop erty to be sold for what it would bring, as tho only remedy left to the creditor. Our attcutiou was called also to au elaborate opinion of Judgo Carpenter, of the Circuit Court of South Carolina, I'urccll t. Whaley, reported in the newspapers, declaring the' exemption laws of South Carolina, which aro sub stantially the same as ours, unconsti tutional and void. Tho authorities relied on by the learned Judge were among others of less importance, tho aforesaid Bronsou vs. Kinzio and McCracken r. Haywood, and we have seen they do noi sustain him. Another case cited by him aud direct ly in point for him, is Dank r. Guack enbush 3 Deuio 591, decided first by tho Supreme Court and then by the Court of Appeals of Now York. But tho attention ot tho learned Judgo was not called to the fact, that in that case, tho Judges in tho Court of Appeals were equally divided, aud thorefore the decisiou in the Court below stood ; nor to tho important fact, that in a sub- sequent caso in ioj4, m tne same Court, Morse rs. Gould, 1 Kernan 1181, the case of Dank rs. Gauckenbush was reversed and over ruled. Again, the case before Judgo Carpenter did not involve tho point whether tho Exemp tion laws impaired the obligation of contracts, and therefore h.s opiuion upon that question is ouly a dictum. He states tho principles involved in tho cases as follows : 44 The judgment was by law a vested right, a lien, a con tract. Had the State the Constitu tional power to divest the plaintiff his rights, and vest them in the de- fondant. Upon the principles involved iu the case, there is no diiference be- tween liens by mortgage aud by judg- ment, the former are specific, the latter - of general ; but both are vested, legal part j lights," &o. that had question involved was not that of im pairing the obligation of contracts, un- der the Constitution of the United Ca..X .1 .?-. ? ! 1 oiaira j uui ui uiroying nens ana in vading vestod rights, under the Consti- tution of South Carolina. There is nothing, therefore, in that deci-ion against any position, but the m'c'um cf the learned Judges ; for it is not pre tended that in our case there was any lien or vested right ; we are not there fore interested to inquire whether the learned Judge's decision, that " 1 ens" and " vested rights" cannot be abolish ed by a State Convention in framing their organic liw. Our attention was called also to a de cision of Judge Orr, of the Circuit Court of South Carolina reported in the newspapers, sustaining the South Carolina Exemption Laws. We are not aware of a single decis ion except as before stated, either in the Courts of our sister States, or of the United States, in which general exemption laws have been held to be an infringement of the Constitution of the United States. Thero being no decision against them, let us see if there are any in their favor. The Legislature of New York, in 1S42, passed an act exempting from execution in addition to former ex emptions " necessary household fur niture, working tools and team, not exceeding $150 in value." Tho cred itor obtained a judgment upon a debt existing before the act, and levied on the debtor's team, a pair of horses. And tho question was whether the ex emption was good against pre-existing debts. Tho opinion of tho Court was elaborate and able, that the exemption was good. Morse r. Gould, supra. Tho opinion is the more important as it re-revived and overruled a former case in the same Court, Dank r. (luackenbush, cited by Judge Carpen ter. It also re-revived the cases of Bron sou vs. Kinzie and McCracken vs. Ilaj--wood, nnd indeed all the cases bearing on the subject, and distinguished them f.om that, as we have from this. In a late case iu 9 Wisconsin, 559 Bauin baek r. Bade, the case of Morse r. Could, 8nprtt,i$ re-revived and approved. And in Brouson vs. Kinzie. Taney t J. says: A btato Logis'ature may, if it think proper, direct that the necessa ry implements of agriculture, or the tools of a mechanic, or articles of ne eessity in household furniture, shall, like wealing apparel, not be liable to execution on judgments ; and regula tions of this kind have always been considered in every civilized communi ty as properly belonging to the remedy, policy, or 'humanity. "It must reside in every State, to enable it to secure its citizens from unjust aud harrassing litigation, and to protect them in those pursuits which aro necessary to the ex istence and well being of every com munity " And in a subseouont case. Planters Bank is. Sharp, C. lloward 301, Mr. Justice. Woodberrv iu ordering the opiuioii of the Supreme Court of the United States enumerated exemption laws, among the examples of legisla tion wlpch might le Constitutionally applied to existing contracts. And in Biglow r . Trite-hard 21, Pickering, the Supreme Court of Massachusetts deci ded that the Legislature might lawful ly diminish the creditor's remedy to enforce judgment by exempting a part of the nrouertv of the debtor from at tachment on mesne process, or levy of execution, for example, articles ot lur inture. beds and Heading, occ, necessa v for a debtor and his .family. And iu Morse r. Gould, supra, it is faul that ireneral exemption laws are valid, " though a case might happen possibly where the exempt property would con stitute all that the debtor possessed." And in a late case, Stephenson rs. Os borne, 41, Mis., 119, reported in the April number of the American Law Beview, p. 47G, the Supremo Court of Mississippi decided that the Mississip pi exemption law " was Constitutional as to contracts existing at the tune of its passatro." We have a decision of mir own Court directlv iu loint. In Dean rs. King 18, p. 20, the Court de cides, Eulfin, C. J. delivering the opin ion that an exemption of a "mare and five hogs," under the act of 1848, was good against a debt contracted ia lb40. The caso of Dean vs. King W03 this: The exemption laws of 1844 applied to debts contracted after 1st July, 1845, and it was insisted that the debt in that case was contracted before 1st July, 1815. although the bond for tho cou tract was not executed until 184G. The Court said the exemption was not made under the law of 1844, because " a mare" was not embraced in thai law, but it was made under the act of 1848, and that it was valid. It is true that it does not appear that it was ob ioptflil. that the exemption act of 1848 could not apply retrospectively, but it . i . could not have escaped the attention oi the Court, nor of two eminent counsel who argued the caso, that an exemp tion law of 1848, applied to a debt of 184C, did operate retrospectively as to tho debt atiected by it. We have, too, cur Legislative con struction, and the practice of our Courts under it, for the last twenty years. The Eevised Code, adopted in 1850, of makes the exemption oi : " One cow I and calf, ten barrels of corn or wheat, j fifty pounds of bacon, beef or pork, or ono barrel of fish, all necessary farming tools for one laborer, one bed, bedstead I aud covering for every two members of the family, and such other property tho freeholders may daem necofwary the the comfort and support ot such debt - or's family; such other property not exceed fifty dollars,? apply to all debts contracted since 1st Julv. 1845 It i I. ... . . . .' true that, by the act of 1844, some of these articles were exempted, but the bulk of t hem were riot embraced in any exemption act until. 1848, and yet they were mnde to apply to debts as far back as 1st July, 184D. H So in 18S6-7 our Legislature passed an act exempting : All necessary farm ing and mechanical tools, , one work horse, one yoke of oxen, one cart or wagon, one milch cow and calf, fifteen head of hogs, five hundred pounds of pork or bacon, fiftj- bushels of corn, twenty bushels of wheat, and house hold and kitchen furniture not exceed ing $200 in value." And this was not restricted to sub sequent contracts, which is the more significan t, as by the same act a homestead-of-one liundned acres without regard to value was restricted to sub sequent debts. So " that exemptions applying to antecedent debts have had the sanction of our Legislature and of this C iurt, and of the practice of all all the Courts for the last twenty years. But then if is said that while that may have been so in regard to neceksaries, yet our exemptions are too large, they are not necessaries.': If it be conceded that the Legislature has power to ex empt anything as to existing debts, then what are necefsaries is a qecstion for the Legislature f and not for the Court. But our exemption laws have heretofore not been restricted to mere necessaries, but have looked to the " comfort and support of the debtor's family." He v. Code. Supra. And the exemptions have been repeatedly and considerably increased to keep pace with the change of manners and cus toms and the condition of our people. It will readily appear that the late ex emptions of personal property, in many instances,, might greatly have exceeded $5U0. If the Legislature can exempt personal property, it is not pretended that in like manner it may not exempt real estate a homestead. It is objected that the Homestead law ought not to be construed to ope rate retrospectively. We admit that this is the general rule of construction ; with an exception, however, in favor of remedial, and as sometimes called beneficial laws. All our laws in re gard to remedies and procedure have been lately altered by the new Code of Civil Procedure, and made to act retrospectively. No debt, no matter v hen contracted, can be .sued for and recovered now as before the Code. Even the Courts themselves have been days notice was given against Sherid's for collecting money and tailing to pay over. A motion was made against a She i f for an antecedent liability. It was objected, that the act did not op erate retrospectively. But this court held the contrary, saying that 44 when an act taices away lrom a citizen a vested rigid, its coistitutionality may be inquired into ; but when it alters the remcuv or mouueu pioucuum iv rights previously vested, it certainly runs in a constituaonai cnannei. j uo acts are bcneficiakvnd should be favor ably construed, pates vs. Darden, 1 Murphy 501. So a State Legllature may discharge a party from imprisonment upon a judgment in a c'il action without in fringing the Constitution ; for this is buta modification of the remedy, 3 Story on the Con -5 1, Mason rs. llaite, 13 Wheaton, 11 JO. A Statute chavmg" the rules of evi dence may be aplied to pending suits. Cooly Con. L. So a statutorj privilege is not a vested right, as xc-mptions of persons or property fromtnxation ; or exemp tions of property from being seized by attachment or eoscution, Id. 383. So llomesteai or other property which arc now ccmpt under the Con stitution might b made liable by a subsequent Convation, Id. N. If, therefore, c Homestead Laws were not rctrospctive in terms, yet. as they are remedi, beneficial laws, in terfering with invested rights and are a part of the fuiamental law of the land, they oughtto be liberally con strued in favor othe person to be ben efitted. But wciiink they do not de pend upon conduction. The plain words are that t!y shall apply to any debts, all debts. And it is only by construction, antlnd we think an er roneous eonstrucpn, that they can be rftrieted to an. particular class of ueots. , But really thdlomestead and ex emption laws, alpugh affecting ante cedent debt are jot retrospective in the proper sensepf the term. What would be a pjpective Homestead law? Evidenththat which should allow a llomesta to be laid ojj hereajier. What, as conf-distinguished from that, would be.retrospective Home stead law? Idently that which makes valid a imestead which has been laid off hcretre. The great error IS in SUppOSlllg-n uic iiunicsiuau law is a law to.'feat debts. That is no part of the obct of the law. The laying oif a Hoktead is the sole ob ject and is prosctive altogether. If anv debt is ail'esd by it, it is merely incidental. It iv oe conceaeu mere fore, without afting the Homestead that any law, t; purpose of which is to defeat a ctt is void. But the Homestead loweclares its object up- j on its face to not to de.cat debts, . .1 1 ! 1 as but to allow tovery resiuepi pi the Iqi - State. and children " and his - W idow ;! a le ap,d the. pieans of living, if thenave them It is a to question, not of defeating debts, but in the language of Chief Justice Taney 44 It is a question of policy and human ity, which every civilized community regulates for itself." Its wisdom or folly, justice or injus tice, is a question for the law making power, and not for the Courts. In our case, the law has the sanction of the Convention and of the Legislature, and of the direct vote of the people in adopting the Constitution, and of the Congress of the United States, which approved the Constitution. And, as it is not in contravention of the Const.-, tution of the United States, it would be an assumption of extraordinary power for us to declare it void. - With the policy of these exemptions this Court has nothing to do. If they are within the power of the Legislature then it is -suliicicnt for us that, 44 thus it is written." j We have not thought it necessary to notice the suggestion, that inasmuch as the sale of lands under execution is hy Statute, so it may be exempted by Statute. No question arises in this case to the interference with vested rights under our State Constitution, because the exemption is a provision in the Consti tution itself. The only question is, w hether it impairs the obligation of contracts under the Constitution of the United States. We think it does not. Jacob rs. Small wood. G3, N. C. R. This will be certified, &c. Judgment reversed. Beade, J. The Chinese Iniinisrrant. From tho New Orleans -Picayune I hat the Chinaman is the comins man we do not doubt, lie has his virtues and he has his faults. Whether these are greater than tho'c of other men, be they -whiter or blacker than he, is subject matter for discussion. But will he crowd out either negro or white man? If we had a country as densely inhabited as France or Eng land or even New England, this might be feared for the third generation from the present one, but it is not now a practical question. We can only have a prosperous Louisiana when it has vastly more than its present population, and when the addition is industrious and frugal. These arc part of the good qualities of the Chinaman and German. The lat ter is preferable to the former, but he is harder to get. The Englishman and Scotchman would be the best for agri - "'1 -li'i-oi W I. I'm-, to him the Chinaman. But what will become of our white mechanic then? lie will ccitainly do as well as now. If this- becomes a me chanically productive centre all me chanics will have more work, and the best mechanics the best pay. Let our white mechanic prove himself the best and he will be correspondingly reward ed. Ihe more mechanics we have the better will mechanic arts pay. We have never believed in a pro tection against home competition in any department of labor. We do not believe that individual interests, which are just ones, are hurt by competition, and the general interest is certainly enhanced by it. But there will be no injurious competition until we are as deusely populated as is Massachu setts, nor can there be such even then, for our soil will ive employment to ten souls where that of Massachusetts will to one. To the incompetent and lazy all competition is odious. But to the legislator aud the publicist, and to the industrious and skilful this is no objec tion. Similar reply we could make to the demagogue w ho fears that his present 4 masses" will be ovennassed by im migration. He dreads alike the Euro pean and the Asiatic. The negro is credulous or vindictive, as the one mood or the other may suit his pur pose, and he is content with the negro alone, lie looks to men only as voters, to put him in office or to enable him to get his hands into the public pocket; and an immigrant who may not prove to be manageable is his dread. Thus he dreads both the Euro pcan and the Chinaman. The gregariousness of the Chinaman is not a peculiarity except in its mode of manifestation. All people are gre garious ; but the Chinaman is never willing to work under a man of another race. He will contract with a steam boat captain or other person to do a certain work, after the style appointed ; but he will allow no interference with him, and will have none others work ing with him, except of his own selec tion among his own countrymen. The Chinaman makes a good ser vant. He is silent, sober, quiet, punc tiliously correct, and does all he en gages to do and can do He is usual ly a good cook, and soon learns what ever Re needs to know. But he will tie down to no one, and specially not to any one who presumes upon his quietude as subserviency. He does his duty, expects to be paid for it, and then let alone. Having fulfilled his engagement he will do no more As to his moral defects or those oc his weaker half, let those who are sin less cast the fir.t stone. If the Chi nese arc less moral than the negroes of our cities and villages, it is because they are more intelligently so. Nor, with the existing malaria of our mofil atmosphere in general, need we have mv.ch tq gay in condemnation of the Chinaman. For the Vindicator.! LIYJES SKETCHED 15V IIOUACE. PARTIXO WORD8 OF A REJECTED LOVER. Oh, fairy one, when firtt I saw - Thy gentle face, so pure, The witching 6pell which then allured, -Still binde this heart to thee. And still the vision of that form, As though some angel, nymph Were always ling'ring on my course, Is ever near me yet. Eut, why thus fated 6hould I bo, With all this woe of love ? If thou bast not a tear for mo, Then cease this pen to more. Oh, break tho spell that binds this heart, This sighing hca.t to thee, . And let me drink deep from the fount Of bitter lctho be fl-ee ! - : Oh, let me never lovo again, When once I theo forget, Nor ever feel again tho woo For theo so often felt. Oh, let me rango some distant sea, Or isles that's far away. Where changing scenes may there defaco The meni'ry of the past. Oh, let me there a stranger be, Where none may know why oft With sadness on this burning brow I drop the tear for theo. Where rudest winds that sport at eve, Along some lovely Tale, Might wing to me some note of peace, Or bear my grief away. Where changes oft upon my mind, Might bring some fond relief, Or break the spell that binds this heart This heart to only theo ! Or let mo linger far away Upon some lonely shore, Where I may never think of theo, Or ever Iove"thee more ! "These lAille Ones." As a general rule, we are not half thoughtful or counterous enough in our manners toward our children. We are too apt to content ourselves with a gen eral consciousness of being right in the main, with theoretically intending that they shall grow up to be good Christian citizens aud an honor to ourselves. We make big sacrifices in their behalf, re volve fine schemes, and bring out the heavy artillery of our nature on very slight occasions. But our graces, our courtesies, our delicate acts of appreci ation and lofty consideration are not for them. These are rserved for adult UCO, fcA -..-, m those whom we have brought into tho world to meet its jars, temptation and cruelties ! Think of the really coarse way in which the fondest of us sometimes wound our children's sensibilities. How we parade : heir special traits and accom plishments, and ignore their individu ality ; how recklessly wo break in upon their little plans and pleasures: how carelessly we comment upon their de-j fects; how we laugh at their childish distresses, because the grieved look or the tragic little scowl is "so cunning," how we visit our vexation of spirit upon their innocent heads; how we resent their inexperience ; how needlessly or sharply we deny their little petitions, and how ignore our 4'Thank you," and inist upon theirs; how we jerk or -push them in our impatience ; how we Bout their earnest questions, and deal out cutting, cruel words of 44wholesouie re proof," when perhaps the little heart is quivering under some real or fancied wrong ! It is terrible to think of. Many, seeing these c harges in the aggregate, will indignantly deny them. Yet we venture to asert that no pa rent, answering each in turn, can plead guiltless to them all. We shall not dwell upon the mon strous wrongs of chatisement too often inflicted upon children such as beat ing, threatening, ftightening, and, that meanest act of all, the 4'boxing" of ears. The dear Christ teaches no hard lesson of harshness or brute force toward the little ones committed to our care. Even as He was 4,subject uuto" his parents, returning meekly with them from Jeru salem while his child-soul yearned to be about his Father's business, so would He have our little ones subject unto us. They are ours to lead and protect, to teach, and warn and cherish ; ours to love wisely, to deal with firmly and reverently mirrors of our example, gleaers of the harvest of our home life not ours to pet, and rebull, and sac rifice to our hundred weaknesses. WelL forthe lather aud mother to whom their child's heart is as a holy of holies; aud and their child's foibles and human ten dencies as stumbling-blocks not to vex and upset them, but which the little one must wisely and lovingly be taught to overcome. Heaven bless the always cheerful, gentle-voiced, concientious parent ! And heaven help all those who, when it is too late to atone, remember with anguish the quivering lip aud pleading eye of a little face that has passed away ! Couc in noESES A correspondent who says he has used it for forty years calls the following "a sure cure;' He takes soft water, adds more 6alt than it will dissolve, and with a woollen rag bathes the horse on the small of the back with this brine, rubbing it in hard. He has never known it to fail to relievo the animal, Se Island, cotton, caster beans and indigq are raised this year on Galveston Isiand. Why the Land is Running Out Wi th' all the pride which 'Americans feol in witnessing the improvements of this country in most respects, it is a source of mortification that in almost every portion of our fair land tho soil is growing yearly leas productive. We are talking of "worn out lands" in re gions where men are now living who witnessed their first settlement, and wdiere the perishable structures of tho pioneers still romaia. We are sending wheat to towns that were, in our colo nial day the granaries both of our and foreign lands; and unless the aristocratic V nginian is content to smoke tobae-. co interior to that in which his ancestor indulged, it. is that he must receive his supply of the. cherished narcotio from beyuad the borders of tHeXJldTfe ink'ion. . . .t. ; - . , The cause of the country, lies in the fact that we are annually sending away from the land, with each successive har vest things on which the soil i depen dent for its fertility. We all know that wheat is an exhaustive crop ; that it robs the soil of its rich phosphates and several other salts that are essenti al to the growth of the plant, 'which, more than any other, supplies the food for man. Let us see what becomes of these essential elements of wheat growth : Th. y aro very largely found in the covering of the" berry. This, we all know, in the groat majority of cases, is sepruted from the whiter por tions of flour at mills situatod at a dis tance from whero tho grain isproduced. This bran and shorts are fed to cattle in large towns, and though some will find its way iato village gardens, by far the larger portions are buried in pita, used in the place of soil fur filling up places that are required to be raised, or taken, out iuto bodies of water by means of" boats or through sewers. - A . - , Of the bran and shorts of wheat, and the entire portions of other grains that aro fed to stock on the farm, some, of course, is returned to the land, and shows its good o.Tocts in the crops that . are produced from it. But the animal that are raised from them as well am the dairy products derived from the milk so produced, are sent to distant markets. Even tho bonos of the ani mals that die from disease or RpriUnt or aro slaughtered for beef, are now eagerly collected, and find their wav, for the most part, to foreign shores. To-day. many nn English wheat field and French vineyard in rejoicing in fer tility derived lrom the bones of nni m; Is raised in the valley of the Missis- lsiies tne productiveness oibouiot several successive seasons. The oil is sent across the sea. The proprietor of tho largest linseed oil works in tho West informed us recently that never over two per cent of thoir oil cake found a market in thiscountry. The remain der goes to England. The English farmer likes this product of the flax mill, not altogether or principally be cause it i3 the cheapest food for dairy and beef stock, but because of tho excel lent c haracter of the manure that de rived from it. Prairie Farmer. Don' i Get Mad About it. We are glad to see a better feeling is being manifested among all decent newspa pers in this St te, and it is agood omen. What is the use of men quarreling to gether and ating each other because they don't happen to think alike on all questions? A man xthel Cannot bear a jest should not mate ofle; and a man who 4'lets his angry passion rise" when anybody opposes his pet schemes is to bo pitied. Keep hold your temper, and do your level best for whatever cause you espouse ; and if you don't , happen to tiiink as we do wo wont lay in wait to slay you, but invite you to come and see us and we will give you the best thero is in tha house and when we get a chance at you wo shall always give you the best there is in our head and pen. ViuoixiA Wheat Caor. Tho Peters burg Express, ot the 1st, has the follow ing: 44 The wheat crop of Culpepper county is nearly harvested, and the yield above tho average. It is said the crop is bet ter than has been gathered for ten years." The Orange County Native Virginian says : "Harvesting began a day or two ago. Uulike Albemarle and Nelson, we have but litttle red rust, and our wheat crop will be a good one, both as to quantity and quality. Oats look well, and corn promises finely." The accounts from Spottsylvania, Staiford, King George and Caroline state that the wheat has been better vnan for several years. - Holding Up Milk. A writer in tho Cincinnati Gazette says the best way to prevent cows from holding up .their, milk is to milk the forward teats perfect ly dry then change to the two hind teats and milk very fast, and the desired re,n suit will most likely be obtained. I have tried this exprimnt on' 'an old muley cow, that possesses a great deal of obstinacy in this line, and with sac- cess. Another writer suggests that it ia a better way to take two stones, weigh ing fifteen or twenty pounds each, and tie to them a rope two feet louff, and wh$n you go to milk hang it across the small of the cow's back, . Disgusting meanness To tan & dog's hide with his own bark. i J.
The Western Vindicator (Rutherfordton, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 2, 1869, edition 1
1
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