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VOL. I NO. 7
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SUMMARY OF THE REPORT OF THE
SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE.
The Secretary of Agricuulture
oublished his report for v the .year j
1913, on Decemoer t5. ine repon
differs in many essentials from
those usually sent out from the De
partment of Agriculture Instead
of merely reviewing the agricultural
sitaation, many broad economic
questions are presented. The Sec
retary calls attention to the facts
that heretofore the Department of
Agriculture has of necessity con
cerne I itself mainly with the prob
lems of production. He points out
that these problems will be mosti
urgent for a long time. Increased
tenancy, absentee ownership, soils
still depleted and exploited, in
adequate business methods,
the relative failure to induce" a
great majority of farmers to apply
existining agricultural knowledge,
&nd the suggestion of dependence
foreign nations for food supplies
on
Kara us of our short comings and
incite us to additional efforts to in
crease production.
The Secretary says there : is no
ground for thinking we have' yet
approximated the limit of our our
put from he soiL As a matter of
fact we have just begun to attack
the problem We have not even
reached the end of the pioneering
stage, and have only in a few locali
ties developed conditions where
reasonably full returns are secured
We have, however, unmistakably
reached the periodwhere we - must
think and plan. He says that as a
nation we are suffering the-penalty"
of two great ee'oT Kvman oT
making a living. It is not singular,
therefore, that we should find our
selves in our pleasant plight. Reck
lessness and waste have been inci
dent to our breathless conquest, and
we have had our minds too exclus
ively directed to the esiablishment
of industrial supremacy in the keen
race for competition with foreign
nations. We have been so bent on
building up great industrial centers
by every natural and artificial de
vice that we have had little thought
for the very foundations of our in
dustrial existence.
MARKETING.
One chapter of the report is de
voted to the subject of marketing
The secretary points out that it is
now becoming clear that we must
definitely and aggresively approach
these newer, and relatively speak
ing, urgent questions, and must di
rect our attention to the broader
ecomomic problems of rural life.
We have suddenly been , brought
face to face with the fact that in
many directions further production
waits on better methods of distribu
tion, but that the field of distribution
presents problems which raise in
very grave wavs tne simple issue
Ot justice, lhat under existing con
ditions the tanner does not get
what he snould for his product; that
the consumer is required to pay an
an umair price; ana that unneces
sary u uracils are imposed unaer ex-
isung systems of distribution, therelthe same rates as those that pre-
cau ue no questiod, v 1 he various
muiiieung projects are outlined.
Iheae projects cover marketing sur
veys, methous and costs of marKet
in&, luciuoiiiK available market sup
plies m given production areas; de
niiixxa at consuming centers; cold
anu oiher storage systems; market
Wfc by stems ana pnees; and costs
ot wiiuiesale and retail -distribution
ox larni proauctsr. ;There studies in
transportation problems - and the
, iuuiiation of waste in . transporta-
4 .. is. - .
tion to be prosecuted; a study- of " -
city marketing and distribution, a j
study of gradesand finally )-or ;
ative production and marketing
uiusl ue xuvesugaieu. opcciai vm i
phasis is laid on the necessity for
standardizing agricultural products
as a prerequisite to proper market
ing. Speaking of cotton and the neces-
sic y for uniform standards, it is
stated that the. adoption and ap
plication of one uniform standard
would result in a gieat simplifica
tion of all cotton transactions, doing
away with the complex method of
figuring buyer's limits. It would
not be sufficient to have uniform
grades, but the grade selected as
the basis should be the same in all
markets.
The point is made and empha
sized that in this work of co-ocera-tive
effort equity and justice must
be kept in mind. Co-operation does
not mean an organization which
shall attempt to establish a closed
market and to fix prices. W5 should
condemn this as strictly in one
field of industry as in any other.
The aim should be an economic
arrangement which shall facilitate
production and lead the producer
to standardize and to prepare his
product for the market, and to find
the readiest and best market for
his product- Such actions -will re
sult in gain to the producer, as well
as to the consumer.
RURAL CREDITS. '
As a feature of co-operatiiye ef
fort attention is celled to rural cred
its, There is a general impression
that 9ur financial rrajgments ; dp
not satisfactorily cover the' rural
communities and there is need of
better credit arrangements for farm
ers. The interest is widespread. It
is manifested by many letters re
ceived at the department, by-articles
in periodicals, by the action of
various States, and by the thought
of Congress in providing for a com
mission of inquiry abroad. It is
clear, says the becretary, that con
ditions vary widely in the United
States, that farmers do not equally
need better credit arrangements, and
that all sections are not similarly
circumstanced. In lact, from some
sections comes the request not so
much for capital at lower rates but
for iniormation as to how to invest
capital. The Secretary shows that
in taxing action in this field 01 rural
credit it would seem desirable that
we Dear certain guiding principles
in mind. There does not seem to
be any real demand or need for
any action that would do more than
proyide as adequate financial maj
cninery for the rural districts with
in practicable limits as are provided
tor other sections. There does not
appear to be need for unique or
special legislation, or for legislation
which shall aim to give the farmer
credit on easier terms than other
members ot society. What is need
ed, he leels, is the creation of con
ditions and machinery which will
enable the farmer on similar credit
loundatioiis, to secure money at
vail lor other classes and tor otner
sections. .Present conditions do not
seem to justily proposals to give
any class ot people capital provided
oy "all tne people through any de
vice at lower rates ot interest than
L economic conoiuons numiauy re-
require or than those at which
at wnich other classes secure it
under similar conditions. :
Xhe broad questions of ; rural or
prganization are brielly discussed.
Deiore i rural life can bevmade fully
efficient profita
and attractiveand' before
disposidon
develops, manytypst; of torm
uuu muse nave;' consiueraupn w tVi-
HELPING
Attention
.yestigations
determine the status. bfftlieVwomn
on the farm. The
i that the woman.
most important eqonuc J actor iii
agriculture; that bril-reslarge.
ly the moral and mental, develops
mem ui me cimur
attitude depends
ure, the important
whether the second :ygeheratbn;'will
continue to farm or Will; rseekvan
easier life in cities, -Yascertain
the fields in which'farnr women de
sire specific assitance.aVietter of
inquiry was addressed t iehouse
wives of 55,000 iarmers.Bi;Uie.
counties' ot the United States? ffh'
letter asked no questionsand lef t
every woman free to scusrariy
need which occurred ttifiera&
alysis of these letters, as.ffilne
has permitted, already ; sho w that
- 1 it '- r-s
women want neip m pnicrjcaiiy
every phase of home mlnemeiitj
Many express fear of th result-, b
overworn on their chUdreoV' on
tnemselves. The ditficui ties ol
securmg domestic help aWrMal
sized. Many asK the depiirtme&c ,to
prove to the man tear it:a
is worui something m d'iarsand
the farm iYfOMATLX- porvauce arevUiose overrwnicn -sner'r . 'rrr- r "r: r 'V-.v. -v
is-canep?elifPuctW
of thepdrtmeat to to.the nearest railwaystation and: in.ack end of his offlce,lyln:i ; a,
bnah?&m;'S Wunity; ItJs pointed out that, iiav1""1 e taK1D8 c3..-' . :.:v.: :
i wnrm icnmPThind in '. HTb"&-?3aVW With
cents. 1 hese letters have t :ic xex
tremely valuable :in sugit :!nVcor
8irucuve methods oi Jthe
woman on the' farm. (ytpt
ULeletr
enort made to satisfy requests for
assistance whicn lie properly with
in ine Qjpjruiient s provmce.
GOOD ROADS.
A special chapter is devoted to
good roaus. for Zi) years, it is
stated, inere has been a steaay
grovtn in uie good roads movement,
so tnat today aoout 54 States nave
nignway commissions or some ouicr
lorm ox mgnway agency, bttte
appropriations lor roau work bave
mcaeasea irom two million 1U years
ago to lorty-tnree mnnon in lyiz.
ine reiauoa oi uie rederal (iovem-
ment to roaa construcuon and road
management is pointea out. ine
f ederal tiovernment should ttuie
tne lead in investigational and ex
penmental won, and snould devel
op principles oi co-operation with
tne states m matters oi eduuauonal
and demons trational work. It stems
desiraoie mat tne f ederal bovern
ment snould deal witn the btates
as uie lowest unit, tnrougn an ex
pert nignway commission as its
agency, inis pouey womd elimi
nate tne aimcuity ot tne r eaeral
Uovernments aeterminin local
issues as well as the danger oi un
due centralized f ederal control.' In
oraer to stimulate this poucy would
eliminate tne difficulty oi tne fed
eral government's determining lo
cal issues as well as the danger ot
undue centralized f eaeral control,
in order to stimulate this poncy
and to prevent undue inroads on
tne f eaeral treasury, federal aid,
wnenever extenaed lor construction
ana mamtenance. snould be iur-
nisned on the conmuon that tne
states proviue an appropriauon at
least aouDie (Uat votea uy uie f ed
eral uovernmenL mis would iur
msn an automatic check, ine
pian snould provide lor mamte
nance as well as construcuon, in
order to prevent uie possibility- of
uie construction of roads many of
wnich may wear out before the
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fizzed upbn ii
x UUUKU l UUUD OUUUiU UC VAUCUUCUI
on-any project until a' sch:rne 61
road Construction and maintenance
'within n sffltp Khq' -fTi"'"'4AinnAH'i
Federal Government: - : nv
greatest economic- and social 1m- :."s. ; fjt tf'b'ZXv
? jwmcn mimster. to.the other; social ' rr4 f""0";,"? vvvr.
;5eJrary. 'states ?n.d ' economic needs'. ofthe com-1 . -" luc:? ; : Jvy ':'
Brief reference is madft VioVinf'1' been ;a day Jate. - His soft
legal work of -the---(departm by te! ;
the Federal law protecting migal g
ry - birds,: which passed : Congress j attending, the Atlanta, Medical Col
March it. 1913; to" the Federal quar , Y Sunday rnornmiir Hi
antme art empowering the Secretht
ryjbf riculjtuf eto fregulate Jthe
importation of nursery: itock; ' arid
'.Various other regulatory ; m atters
affecting Yoods and food products.; r
(To be Continued)
The large audience which attend-
t production of the Six Klepto-
tig Auditorium; Fri-
theif'tro
thetujrnisairj!gs fojTtie.cli,
'
CROCODILE TEARS
At a meeting of cranks in Phila
delphia last week an anti-vivisect-ionist
named Frank Stephens took
occasion to attack Dr. von Ruck of
the city of Asheville N. C. by hold
ing up the poor children of the Bap
tist Orphanage at Thomasville as
frightful examples of the brutality
that is practiced for the sake of
medical investigation.
We hold no brief for Dr. von Ruck
or Dr. Julian the perpetrators of
this diabolical deed. They are able
to take good care of themselves,
and have already done so; but when
a long haired dreamer of dreams
steps out of his way to discredit
this institution, and throw out dark
hints as to the incompetence of its
management it becomes time for
us to submit a few feeble remarks
If this man Stephens had wanted
the truth he could have secured it
But the truth is - what he did aot
want postal card to the General !
Manager would have carried him.
all the information he needed, but
he did not write the postal or ask
or the information. Informotion was
precisely what he did not want for
t would have spoiled his little plan,
Not a child of the 262 inoculated
has suffered the least inconvenience.
The serum may be a good thing or
it may be a fraud, but it ; has not
hurt anybody. There has been no
funerals and nobody has missed a
meal on account ot it Mr. Stephens
is shedding his tears in vain. His
swelling heart has swelled for noth
ing. We hope he has not put crepe
on his hat, and that the vision of
child corpses piled five feet high has
not haunted his dreams.
This man simply wanted to strike
a blow at another and he thought :
he could use the Orphanage to carry
out his unholy purpose.
The General ManagerJias crushed
his fond hopes and put him in
deep dark hole, Charity & Children
SIX IlLEPTOIMIACS
theniare dj flr 17 ft mm&B
Lh roadsof, the,cher:ikef -::--:'ir? r'::Y '
- - r,....i-.. ' ... . -
m Slaie oide-
insane and fbok the. acid. TOeMfe; V
years old, and'has lS
Scout for over-
never missed an-
Pt1?' :n-
tified-butbn acc0iintof siclgiec3r
were unable to etteiia.liieiptc
ment took raceSimda
at 3;45 in the Meitedlsturci
xiw is ur vi veu.y .inree sisters, iour
chUdrjexi; aud hid wife, AMceirbwiis :
& MD3 TWBUTE.
--5
(to.wnimunlty has sustametf 'ar t
great loss in the death of our highly
esteemed fellow'tbwnsmait, Mr. A-T
Don Towns; ; - - '::;''
Mr, Towns was editor 6f our local
paper. tnehcee. tit; and gye
hs a good cleanJieet advocating:
all thafvasrTbr tn5 public: benefit
and suppressing suclirr sensational
n ews as miglh cause liain aiidi 'eixiK
ergetie- and : iridHistridns, cheerful
and agreeable always, a most de
voted husband and father. I, wha
have been associated with him in
business much for about twenty
years, and wis his warm friend,
feel a great sense of personal loss.
It is hard to think that we will se
his cheering presence among us na
more.
It would be hard to think of a
man who would be more keenly
missed, for he was loved by all, and
his sad death nas cast a shadow
over our icommdnity that will be
many days lifting.
Alfrnd Morgan
BROWMIDGES.
Miss Attie Bridges and Mr. Eve
erette E. Brown of Sylva were mar
ried at St John's Hotel, Henderson
ville at eleven o'clock Monday
morning.
The wedding comes as a surprise
to the many friends of the couple
in Sylva. The bride has been spend
ing some time with her father at
Quebec, N. C and was met by the
groom at Hendersonville where the
ceremony was performed.
The bride is a lister of Mrs. John
H. Wilson and is . one of Sylva's
most popular and accomplished
young ladies, while the groom is
manager of the Jackson County
Journal and is a young business
man of ability. Both have a host of
friends inSylva where their home.
will be. .
CALL PASTOR.
At a meeting of the members -of
the Sylva Baptist 'Church 'held Sun
day afternoon, Rev. R. P. Ellington
of Alamance County : was elected
pastor.; r. V
Rev. Mr. Elhngton preached here
last week, and the congregation ;
was pleased 'with his excellent J
sermon. He is a young man, a gradu
ate of Wake Forest College , and of L
the Baptist Seminary at Louisville
YJ
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