REVIEW OF THE
. EVENTS0F1924
' ? f w .;
Chief Happenings of the
Past Twelve Months at
Home and in Other
Lands.
DAWES PLAN IN EFFECT
Europe on the Way to Economic Ro?
covery? Brltieh Labor Govern
mont Overthrown?Republicans
Win Groat Victory In Ameri
can Eloction?Flight of Army >
, Planes Around World.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
Many events of great moment
marked the year 1924. First of these
In importance undoubtedly was the
formulation, adoption and putting into
operation of the Dawes plan for the
, payment of German reparations and
Indirectly the financial and economic
regeneration of that country and Eu
rope generally. The success of this
scheme means much for the entire civ
ilized world. Having been devised
mainly by Americans, It adds to the
prestige of America.
Wars were few and not especially
Important internationally. The out
standing ones were the civil war for
the control of the government of
China, tbe attempt of Spain to con
quer the rebellious tribesmen of Mo
rocco, the suppression of a rebellion
in Mexico and a long drawn-out revo
/ lutlonary movement lb Brazil. There
were also several of the alway?-to-be
expected internecine conflicts in Cen
tral America. On the whole Mars bad
rather an idle year. For a time the
alarmists talked of war between the
United States and Japan over the
Japanese exclusion clause in tbe new
American immigration law, but the
crisis was passed safely, for the time
at least.
Great Britain experienced the nov
elty of being under a Labor govern
ment which was fairly successful until
' It got tangled up with tbe Russian
Soviets, whereupon it was ousted, the
Conservatives winning the parliamen
tary elections by large majorities.
Stanley Baldwin again became prime
minister. During the first quarter of
the year the soviet government of
Russia won recognition from almost
every important country except the
United States, but the soviet leaders
continued to recede from their Bol
shevik principles. Socialists captured
the government of France and Herriot
became premier. President Mustapha
Kemal of Turkey and Dictator Musso
lini of Italy were subjected to severe
attacks from political opponents and
were forced to more liberal attitudes.
In the United States the biggest
event of the year was the national
election, together with the sensational
Democratic convention which resulted
In the nomination of John W. Davis
and Cbarles \V. Bryan, and ?!?? inder
pendent candidacy of P?w.ior LaFol
lette and Senator Wbeeler on a radi
cal platform. Despite the oil reserve
scandal that had laid the Republican
administration open to attack, the
voters of the land, by a plurality of
about 10,000,000, decided that Calvin
Coolidge should continue in tbe presi
dential office, with Charles Gates
Dawes as vice president. During the
lobg months of the campnign business
In the United States had languished,
but immediately after the election it
revived rapidly, and at the same time
there began a considerable boom In
securities on the stock exchanges.
INTERNATIONAL AF
FAIRS
When the year began the matter of
German reparations was still foremost
among the problems awaiting settle
ment. The commission of experts ap
pointed by the reparations commission
and headed by Gen. Charles G. Dawes
of America began Its work January 14
with the examination of Germany's ca
pacity to pay. It functioned rapidly
and with precision, formulated what
has been known as the Dawes plan,
and submitted Its report on April 9.
Two days later this was accepted by
tbe reparations commission, and on
April 15 It was approved by the Ger
man and British governments. Bel
gium, Italy and Japan accepted it on
April 26, but France, mainly for po
litical. reasons, withheld approval for
the time being. On July 15. Owen
D. Young of Sun Francisco ac
cepted the position of fiscal agent of
the Dawes plan, and the same day the
allied premiers met In London to dis
cuss the operation of the scheme
Later they Invited Germany to send a
delegation, and the conference result
ed in complete agreement. France
promised to evacuate the Ruhr within
a year, and almost immediately began
, to get her military and civil forces out
of the region. The London agreement
wqs ratified by the parliaments, the
German reichstag passed the hills nec
essary for the operation of the plan
and the pact mis formally signed on
August 30. It was the only scheme vet
put forward upon which tbe various
nations could agree, and Its adoption
was hailed-the world over as the be
ginning of the recuperation of Europe
from the disastrous effects of the war.
Germany began making payments
under the Ihiwes plan on September
2. Next da.V Seymour I'arker Gilbert,
a young American financial expert,
was appointed ugent general of repa
rations. and on October 10 the big
loan to Germany was offared to the
J*orld. It was ptoinpily heavily over
subscribed in moat countrle*. German
industry responded instantly and the
smooth and efficient operation of the
Dawes plan seemed assured.
Several attempts were made during
the year to forward the further reduc
tion of armaments by agreement, but
nothing definite was accomplished un
til September, when Prime Minister
MacDonald of Great Britain submit
.ted tor the League of Nation# his plan
for an international agreement for se
curity, arbitration and disarmament.
The discussion was heated, and Japan
refused to adhere because the plan
prohibited wars based on internal poli
cies of nations. Her delegates did not
conceal the fact that they were re
ferring especially to the Japanese ex
clusion clause of the American Immi
gration law, which already had caused
protests from Tokyo and boycotts and
threats against Americans In Japan.
They insisted the agreement must pro
vide that any nation might ask the
league to arbitrate Internal affairs of
anv other nation, and the league as
sembly yielded to them and adopted
the protocol with snch amendment.
Assent of the legislative bodies of all
member nations of course was requi
site, rind as time went on it became
evident this could not be obtained.
The British parliament, It was be
lieved, wns almost certain not to agree
since Canada, Australia and New Zea
land were bitterly opposed.
In October Great Britain and Tur
key were at swords' points over the
old Mosul oil fields dispute, but they
submitted the matter to the League of
Nations council, which ordered the
status quo be maintained for the pres
ent. 1
Sir Lee Stack, sirdar of the Egyp
tian army and governor general of the
Sudan* was murdered by Egyptian na
tionalists in November. The British
government, swiftly moving warships
and troops to strategic positions, de
manded an apology. Indemnity of $2,
300,000, punishment of the assassins,
and, most Important, concessions con
cerning the Sudan and the great irri
gation project there. Premier Zagloul
Pasha resigned and Zlwar, his suc
cessor yielded to all the demands. The
root of the trouble was the control of
the Sudan, which was claimed by both
nations. ? ,
Great Britain's war debt to the Unit
ed States was funded on a basis gen
erally satisfactory, and late In the year
France began negotiations to fund her
debt to us. The British government at
once announced that If France or any
other nation that was In debt to Brit
ain paid the United States, she would
expect to receive payment from them
in proportion. This checked the pro
ceeedings for the time. Poland already
had arranged for the funding of her
American debt. 1
The Irish Free State registered with
the League of Nations the treaty wit^
England by which it was granted its
measure of Independence, but in De
cember the British government pro
tested against this action, asserting
that the league had nothing to do with
arrangements between sections of the
British empire.
I
FOREIGN AFFAIRS >
With the aid of the Liberals in par
liament, the Labor government of
Great Britain functioned through most
rtf the year. It took office on January
22 with Ramsay MacDonald as prime
minister. Its policies were fairly mod
erate, but several of Its bills were
beaten, notably those for the aid of
the poor and for the nationalization of
mines. It did not resign because no
party then had a majority In parlia
ment. However, the people rebelled
against the treaties with soviet Rus
sia which MacDonald negotiated, and
on October 8 the house of commons
refused him a vote of confidence. Par
liament was at once prorogued and
the general election set for October
29. At the polls the Conservatives
won an overwhelming victory, getting
413 of the 015 seats'In the house. The
Liberal party seemed almost wiped
out and the Laborltes suffered heavy
Iossi's. Stanley Baldwin was selected
to be prime minister again and on No
vember C his government took office.
To the great relief of France, Austen
Chamberlain was made foreign secre
tary Instead of I^ord Curzon. Winston
Churchill, a free trader and deter
mined foe of socialism, was namt-il
chancellor of tlie exchequer. $?.
England's most serious trouble in
ternally continued to be unemploy
ment. This Increased through the
year, and so. unfortunately, did the
cost of living. In February there was
a great dockers' strike which threat
ened to cut off most of the country's
food supplies. But through the efforts
of MacDonald and his colleagues It
was soon settled.
France changed her government
twice. Premier Poincare was not in
sympathy with the movement to re
store friendly relations with Germany,
and on June 1 he resigned. Francois
Marsal formed a ministry which lasted
only a few days, and then President
Mlllerand also gave up his office. The
radical Socialists?who are not so
radical there as In some countries
took charge and made Edouard Her
riot premier, after Gaston Domergue
had been elected President. On Sep
tember 30 France turned out a bal
anced budget for the first time In ten
years. > ...
Austria in November lost the Inval
uable services of h?r chancellor. Mgr.
Selpel, who resigned because of a gen
eral railway strike for higher wages
and other unsatisfactory conditions
due largely to the greedy profiteers of
Vienna. He was succeeded by Ru
dolph Ramek. At one time or another
during the year the governments of
Japan. Belgium. Albania. South Africa.
Xjugo-Slavia. Finland and Portugal also
changed hands. Greece went further
than that.' Venlzelos formed a minis
try In January, was succeeded by Far
? v- , '? \ ?
fandaria In February, and be was fol
lowed by Papanastaslon In March. On
March 25 the assembly, Ignoring the
protests of Great ^itata, voted t0 de*
pose the Glnckaboorg dynasty and es
tablish a republic, subject ta a plebis
cite. The people voted In favor of the
republic on April 13 and the royal
family went Into exile. Nlcolal Leoln.
the master mind of soviet,Russia, who
badIncapacitate for a ' hmg
time, died on January 21 and Alexis I.
Rykov was chosen to succeed him as
prenfler. The funeral of Lenin was an
extraordinary demonstration and his
tomb has become the national shrine.
The Turkish assembly voted on
March 3 to depose the caliph and abol
ish the caliphate and next day the
caliph left for Swltxerland. President
Mustapha Kemal worked hard for the
prosperity of his country, bnt his dic
tatorial methods brought about a pow
erful combination of his opponents
that gave him much trouble. In No
vember this group forced the resigna
tion of Premier Ismet Pasha, the Pres
ident's right-hand man; he was suc
ceeded by Fethl Bey.
Arabia's radical religionists, the
Wahabls, under Ibn Saud r^rolted
against the rule of King Hussein of
the Hedjaz and that monarch abdi
cated on October 3 at the demand of
the citizens of Mecca and Jeddah.
Emir All, his son, was put on the
throne, but had no better success than
his father, for In the middle of Octo
ber Wahabls occupied Mecca.
Germany's relchstag was dissolved
March 13 and a hot campaign ensued,
the Nationalists planning to restore
the monarchy. In the elections the
Social Democrats easily won. The
cabinet of Chancellor Marx resigned
May 27, but he was retained In office.
Again In October the relchstag was
dissolved, Marx having failed to re
organize the ministry satisfactorily.
Thereupon hk cut loose entirely from
the Nationalise.' New elections were
held December 7. On November 7 the
German budget was balanced for the
first time since the war. The relchs
tag elections came on December 7 and
the three parties supporting the repub
lic and the Dawes plan won the most
seats. -''However, Chancellor Marx
found It so difficult to form a new cabi
net that he nnd his ministers resigned
on December 15, carrying on until
their successors could be chosen.
The FasclstI won the Italian elec
tions on April 6, but the tide against
Fascism rose steadily. Slg. Matteottl.
a Socialist deputy, was kidnaped and!
murdered by FasclstI In June and Pre
mier Mussolini faced a crisis which he
survived only by the most energetic
action. He dissolved the national ml
lltla nnd reorganized his government,
and Some of his prominent supporters
were ousted. His opponents were kepi
fairly quiet until November when,
confronted by another attack In par
liament. Mussolini frankly admitted
the faults of the Fascists and prom
ised to punish their excesses and to
<urb their utterances, beginning with
hlmRelf.
China's civil war for 1024 broke out
September 3 In the Shanghai region
between the armies of Cheklang and
Klangsu provinces, the former being
backed by Gen. Wu Pel-fu, military
.'hleftain of the Peking governmeni
and the latter having the moral sup
port of Marshal Chang Tso-lln of Man
churia. The Cheklang troops were
victorious after a long campaign, but
meanwhile Chang ,had moved on
Peking and defeated his old enemy
Wu, partly through the treachery of
the latter's chief general, Feng Yu
hslang. President Tsao Kun resigned.
Feng took possession of Peking, but
was practically eliminated by Chang,
and the Manchurlan made Tuan Chi
Jul head of a provisional government.
On this side of the Atlantic there
was the long drawn-out rebellion In
the state of Rio do Sul, Brazil, the
chief effect of which elsewhere waf*
the Increase In the price of coffee:
and, eurly In thfe year, an attempted
revolution In Mexico which caused the
federal government a lot of trouble.
Gen. Plutarcd Calles was elected Pres
ident of Mexico and was Inaugurated
on December 1. Gonzales Cordova
was elected President of Ecuador.
Horaclo Vasquez of Santo Domingo.
Carlos Solorzano of Nicaragua and
Gerardo Machado of Cuba. There wan
a rebellion In Honduras In the spring
that was ended through the Interven
tlon of the United States, and a treaty
of peace by the Central American na
tlons was signed. In Chile a military
group came to the fore and caused
President Alessandrl to resign. How
ever, the senate refused bis resignn
tlon and gave him six months' leave In
Europe.
????? i
DOMESTIC AFFAIRS
Politics consumed a vast amount o;
time and energy In the United States,
as Is the case every four years. There*'
was little doubt from th& first that
the Republicans would nominate Pres
ident Coolldge to succeed himself. Both
Senator Hiram Johnson and Senato'
Robert M. LaFollette were candidates
in the preferential primary states, but
the former won almost no delegate?
and the latter only' those from Wiscon
sin. The convention was held in Cleve
land, opening on June 10 with Frank
W. Mondell as chairman. The Wis
consin delegation presented LaFol
lette's substitute platform, which had
no support outside that delegation,
and it also cast Its vote for the sena
tor. Cooildge was nominated on the
first ballot, the vote being: Coolldge.
1,065; LaFollette, 34; Johnson, 10.
Frank 0. Lowden of Illinois was nomi
nated for vice president, but declined
and the place was given to Gen.
Charles Gates Dawes of Chicago.
The Democrats convened In New
York on June 24 and did not complete
their work until the early morning of
July 10?the most protracted national
convention In the history of American
<? s* *S?K
sm-a?2sS
Ing. The former wan credited with
.upport from the Ku KU* Man and
the Utter is a Roman th"
fore the religious Issue beame d
plorably promineat The committee
on resolution? struggled ?
points especially wbetberor not t
kian should be denounced by name
Md whether or not the party should
declare Itself definitely In J*
American membership in the ^
of Nations. Both questions went De
fore the convention in minority reports
and many fiery speeches were made.
The delegates decided not to name tn
klan aud not to declare for league
membership? Balloting for a presi
dential nominee began June 30 and It
was immediately apparent that there
was a deadlock, for neither McAdoo
nor Smith would give way unless ??
other would do the same. Day?a er
day the voting went on. most of tne
other aspirants dropping out one by
one. As the one hundredth ballot drew
near the vote for John W. Davis be
gan to grow. On the one hundred and
third ballot the break came and Davis
obtained a majority. The nomination
was then made unanimous. Out of a
dozen names put up for the vice pres
idency, Mr. Davis selected that of
Charles W. Biyan, governor of Ne
braska and brother of William J* and
he was nominated.
While this was going on Senator La
Follette became the candidate of a
third party that called itself the Pro
gressive. He was indorsed by the
chiefs of the Federation of Labor,
and, apparently against his will, by
the Socialist party. Senator Burton
K. Wheeler of Montana was given sec
ond place on the ticket. There,were
several other candidates, as usual,
who cut no figure in the results. The
evident plan of the LaFollette follow
ing was to cause a deadlock In the
electoral college and throw the elec
tion into congress.
When the votes of the nation were
counted on the night of November 4
It was found that.Coolldge had carried ,|
35 states, with 382 votes In the elec
toral college; Davis had carried 12
states, all In the "Solid South, with
136 electoral votes, and LaFollette
had won only the 13 electoral votes of
Wisconsin. Coolldge's popular plural
ity was nearly 10,000,000. The Re
publicans also won complete control
of the next congress.
Among the Interesting results of the
day was the election of two women as
governors of states. They are Mrs.
Miriam Ferguson of Texas and Mrs.
Nellie T. Ross of Wyoming. A1 Smith
save an Impressive demonstration of
Ills popularity by overcoming a huge
Republican plurality In New York
state and defeating Theodore Roose
velt, Jr., for the governorship.
Scandal resulting from the leasing
of naval oil reserve lands furnished
material for bitter attacks on the ad
ministration and for long investiga
tions by senatorial committees. Albert
B. Fall, former secretary of the in
terior, was badly Involved, and others
were smirched. Secretary of the Navy
Denby resigned under pressure. Presi
dent Coolldge and congress took steps
to bring the guilty to Justice and to
recover the reserves. Court proceed
'ngs are still going on. Congress gave
?onslderable time to a bill for tax re
duction and passed a measure that In
cluded many features urged by the
Democrats and Insurgent Republicans.
A soldiers' bonus bill also was passed.
The President vetoed It, but both
house and senate overrode the veto.
An immigration bill before congress
foptalned a clause that would exclude
the Japanese. The ambassador from
Tokyo protested against this, and so
vexed congress that the measure was
quickly passed and signed ty the Pres
ident.
Four airplanes manned by eight
army pilots started on a flight around
:he world from Santa Monica, Cal.. on
March 17. In the Alaskan islands the
?ommander, Major Martin, and his
ulane came to grief and the other
planes continued the flight. With
many vicissitudes and some exciting
experiences the flyers made their way
to .Tapaa, China, India, and so on
through Europe to Iceland, where an
other plane was wrecked. The two
remaining planes successfully flew to
Greenland and thence home. Aviators
.?f several other nations attempted the
same feat, but all failed.
Curtis D. Wilbur of California be- |
?ame secretary of the navy on March
14 when Mr. Denby retired. Attorney
General Daugherty resigned March 28
at the request of the President be
cause his official actions were assailed
and under Investigation. He was suc
ceeded by Harlan Flske Stone of New
York. Secretary of Agriculture Wal-u
.!Uce died October 25 and Howard Gore
\vas named to fill the post until
March 4. s
Friendly relations with Mexico hav
ing been restored, Charles B. Warren
was appointed ambassador In Feb-"|
ruary. Later he resigned and James
R. Sheffield of New York was named
Cyrus Woods, ambassador to Japan,
resigned In May and in August Edgar
A. Bancroft of Chicago was given that
post. Hugh S. Glbsqp was made min
ister to Switzerland In March
Congress began the short session on
December 1. President Coolldge in his
message urged economy and tax re
duction and -measures to relieve agri
culture, declared himself in favor of
further reduction of armaments, ad
herence to the permanent court of In
ternational Justice, against Joining the
League of Nations and against can
cellation of war debts owed the United
States by other nations.
The senate on December }1 passed
the house bill appropriating $140,000,
000 for the rehabilitation of the navy.
The annual reports of the secretaries
of war and the navy and of several
\ ?' ? " ? .
commlssloni stressed the steady de
cline In par defedbea on land and sea
and in the air, bnt the President Indi
cated that he was not in sympathy
with the demands for huge sums to be
expended on armament The hous*
paased the Intel-lot- department appro
priation bill carrying a total of 1238,
0004?0. _
Congress took a holiday recess from
December 20 to December 29. '? - -
On December 8 two huge public ben
efactions were announced "James B.
Duke, tobacco and powpr magnate,
gave *43*000.000 to educational instltu
tiona in North and Sooth Carolina;
and George Eastman, head of?the East
man Kodak company of'Ttochester,
N. Y., gave <12,500,000 to colleges,
schools an<f~ho8pitals. ^
INDUSTRIAL AND
LABOR
Labor in the United States had a
prosperous and In genernl a quiet
year. There' was not one general
strike; wages maintained their high
level and in many Instances were in
creased. The New York Central Rail
way company increased the pay of 15,
000 employees on January 22; Chicago
teamsters won an Increase in Feb
ruary by a short strike, and so did
several other local unions later. Wages
of various classes of railway em
ployees were raised during the year
"by the federal board. Only the textile
workers of Maine suffered a reduction,
In November. Silk workers of Pater
son. N. J., went on strike and so did
the garment workers of both New
York and Chicago. 1 ,
The American Federation of Labor
held Its convention in El Paso, Texas.
Communism and the labor party
movement Were again squelched, and
Samuel Gompers was re-elected presi
dent. He and many of the delegates
went to Mexico City for the conven
tion of the Pan-American Labor Fed
eration. Mr. Gompers was elected
president of that body. While there
he suddenly fell ill and was hurriedly
brought back tp San Antonio, where
he died on December 13.
In July the federal trade commis
sion ordered all steel companies to
abandon the "Pittsburgh plus" sys
tem, which was said to work Injustice
to the Middle West." The commission
also accused the Aluminum Company
of America of questionable practices.
Organized labor won a great victory
on October 20 when the Supreme court
of the United States ruled thut fed
eral courts must grant Jury trials In
contempt cases growing out of labor
disputes.
< DISASTERS
While ihere Was In 1924 no such
terrific disaster as the Japanese earth
quake, of the previous year, the list of
quakes, conflagrations, mine explo
sions, tornadoes and other visitations
was long and the loss of life was
heavy. The Red Cross was kept busy
throughout the year.1 The worst of
these occurrences were as follows:
January 3, explosion In starch factory
In Pekin, 111., 36 killed; January 10,
British submarine with crew of 43
sunk in collision; January 15 and 16.
severe earthquakes in Japan, India
and Colombia; January 26, coal mine
explosion at Shanktown, Pa? 40 killed;
February 5, 42 killed when pond broke
through Into Iron mine near Crosiv,
Minn.; March 1, explosion of TNTat
Nixon, N. J., killed 18; March 4, San
Jose, Costa Rica, half wrecked by
quake; March 8, mine explosion at
Castle Gate, Utah, killed 175; March
26, landslide near Araalfl, Italy, killed
100;" April 28. mine explosion at
Wheeling. W. Va., fatal to 111; April
30. destructive and fatal tornadoes In
Southern states; May 27, tornadoes In
South killed 45; May 28. Bucharest
arsenal blew up wjth great loss of
life; May 31, 22 Inmates of defective
girls' school in California burned to
death; June 12, turret explosion on
battleship Mississippi killed 48; June
28, tornado killed 150 and did vast
damage at Lorain. Ohio; In August,
thousands killed In floods in China
and Formosa, and 80 lives lost in Vir
gin Islands hurricane; September 16,
mine explosion at Sublet, Wyo., killed
39; September 21, storms in Wisconsin
fatal to 58; October 20, 14 killed by
explosion on U. S. S. Trenton; Novem
ber 12, hundreds of lives lost in earth
quakes In Java; November 14 and 16,
destructive conflagrations ln. Jersey
City, N. J.
NECROLOGY
Of the many' notable men and wom
en who were claimed by death during
the year these were the more famous:
In January: Mrs. Martha Foote
Crowe, author and educator; Rev. S.
Baring Gould, English author; former
Senator Nathan B. Scott of West Vir
ginia ; John Leyland, English naval
authority; Alfred Gruenfeld, Austrian
composer; A. F. Adams, impressario
of musicians; Dr. Basil Glldersleeve.
American savant; former Senator W.
V. Allen of Nebraska; George Cram
Cook, author and playwright; Dr.
Maurice Francis Egan, diplomat and
author; Nlcolai Lenin, premier of Rus
sia; Gen. Lee Christinas, soldier of
fortune; W. C. Fox. former minister
to Ecuador; Grand Duchess Marie of
Luxemburg.
In February: Dr. L. S. McMijrtry,
noted surgeon; Woodrow Wilson,
twenty-eighth President of United
States; Rear Admiral T. O. Selfridge;
Col. William LIghtfoot Vlsscber, sol
dier and writer; Pierce Anderson, Chi
cago architect; Dr. Jacques Loeb,
biologist; Rev. Mother Vincent de
Paul, superior general of Gray Nuns
of the Sacred Heart; Bishop Alexan
der B. Garrett In Texas; Bishop J. E.
Gunn of ^Mississippi; R. F. Goodman,
millionaire lumberman of Wisconsin:
Congressman H. G. Dupre of Louisi
ana; Bishop T. Meerschaert of Okla
howa; ex-Con^ressmau J. L. Slay'
J Of Texas; George Randolph ru.
author; Mrs. Lydla Coonley
writer. \ '
In March: Ex-Congressman j ?
Lety ?f New York; .W. F. Lee <?
cago publlaher; A. H. Smith,
New York Central; Daniel Rfc-,*
Knight, American artist; 1 Gen ?
Danglls, Greek soldier and states?
Lopez Gulterrez, 4e facto pre^
?of Hondura*; Federal Judges Fp
Biker and G. W. Jade; Dr. w. o. gnu
man, head of American Humane a*!
elation; Deaa N. C. Ricker of
?lty 6f Illinois; Newtoa Fuessle,
ellst; Barney Barnard, comedian ? o
Robert NlveUc, defender of VerduT
Dr. T. (T Mendenhall,, educator
James McNally, Chicago publish^
Sir Charles Stapfprd, Irish compos!
Dr. P. A. Baker, general superintej!
dent Anti-Saloon league; Glen M,?.
Donougb, musical comedy librettist.
In April: Charles A Munn. Pnki
Usher Scientific American; ex-Senator
M. A. Smith of Arizona; Hugo Stinnet
?German Industrial magnate; Wiinttt
Bayard Hale, American Journalist
Louis H. Sullivan, eminent Chica*
architect; F. X. Leyendecker. artist
Eleonora Duse, Italian actress; Marli
Corelll, English novelist; Lindon w
Bates, American waterway exp^i
Karl Helfferich, German statesman
J. Sloat Fassfett, New York politic^
leader; G. Stanley Hall, psychologist
Charles F. Murphy, head of Tammany
Hall; ex-Gov. E. L. Norrls of Mot
tana; Niels Gron, Danish-American
diplomat; Sir Horace Nugent, English
statesman.
In May: H. M. Byllesby, financier
and engineer; Dean C. Worcester,
scientist; Kate Claxton, actress; Mn
Hubert Work, wife of secretary of in.
terior; Katie Putnam, veteran actress;
H. H. Windsor, publisher of Popolar
Mechanics; George Kennan, trarelw
and writer; Baron Constant d'Estour
nelles of France; Sir Edward Gosclien,
British diplomat; Victor Herbert, com
poser; Aaron Hoffman, playwright;
Paul Cambon, French diplomat
In June: Bishop H. C. Stunz a
Omaha; E. S. Bronaon, president Ni
tlonal Editorial association; Peter
Clark Macfarlane, author; Frank G.
Carpenter, traveler and writer.
In July: 'A. A. Adee, second assist
ant secretary of state; Calvin Cod
ldge, Jr., son of the President; Palmei
Cox, author and artist; Ferruccio Bn
soni, composer; Edward Peple, dram
atist. i > , ?
In August: George Shlras. formei
Justice of United States Suprem
court; Joseph Conrad, author. In En*
land; ex-Senator C. E. Townsend ol
Michigan; Mary Stuart Cutting, dot
ellst; Mrs. Joseph JefTerson, widow of
the actor; Dr. Richard Green Moulton,
educator; Senator LeBaron B. Colt of
Rhode Island; Mrs. Lucy Page Gas
ton, anti-cigarette crusader: Charles
B. Lewis ("M. Quad"), humorist;
Adoiph Seeman, pioneer circus man;
Julia Relnhardt, actress.
In September: Edward F. Geers
noted harness driver; Darlo Rest*
automobile racer; Maria T. Dar/ess,
author; Frank Chance, noted baseball
player and mnnager; Charles Zeublin,
educator; ex-Gov. W. L. Douglas of
Massachusetts; J. W. Schaeberie, as
tronomer; James Carruthers, "wheat
king" of Canada; ex-Senator R. J.
Gamble of South Dakota; Congress
man W. R. Greene of Massachusetts;
Brig. Gen. C. E. Sawyer, President
Harding's physician; Estrada Cabrera,
ex-President of Guatemala; Charlotte
Crabtree (Lotta), veteran actress; E
L. Bridgeman, New York publisher.
In October: Sir William Price, C?
nadian capitalist; ex-Gov. Warren
Garst of Iowa; Dr. W. A Shanklln,
educator; Charles L. Hutchinson, Chi
cago hanker and art patron; Anatole
France, dean of French letters; E. L
Larkln, astronomer; Dr. L. C. Seelye
first ^president of Smith college; Sens
tor Frank Brandegee of Connecticut
H. H. Kolhsaat, former Chicago new*
paper publisher; Admiral Sir Percj
Scott. British gunnery expert; K
Wight Neumann, impressarlo; ex-Gor.
H. A. Buchtel of Colorado; John E
Wright, Journalist; Secretary of Api
culture Henry C. Wallace; Laura Jm?
Llbbey, novelist; Lew Dockstuder,
minstrel; Percy D. Haughton, t?ot'
ball authority; Gen. W. B. HaMem^
commander of United Confederate
Veterans; James B. Forgan, Chicago
banker; Edward Bell, American diplo
mat ; W. E. Lewis, publisher Ne*
York Telegraph; T. C. Harbaugh. au
thor of Nick Carter stories; France*
Hodgson Burnett, author.
In November: Kal Neilson, Danlsf
sculptor; T. E. Cornish, first president
of Bell Telephone company; ex-Sena
tor Cornelius ^ Cole of California.
Ferdinand Peck, pioneer Chicago.
Gabriel Faure, French composer; Gen.
Alison Mills; Senator Henry CaW
Lodge of Massachusetts; ex-Gov. ??
K. Kltohln of North Carolina ; IW*
dent- Samuel Plantz of Lawrence col
lege, Appleton, Wis.; E. S. Montagu
English Statesman; E. E. Ri?. ,tie"
atrical producer; Mrs. J. P. Morgan.
Sr.; A. N. McKay, editor Salt L*"
Tribune; Cardinal Logue of Ireland
Thomas H. Ince, moving picture
ducer; Gen. Sir Lee Stack, Sirdar &
Egyptian army; Mrs. Warren G.
ing; C. S. Falrchild, former secrets*
of the treasury; Duke of Beauf*"1,
Glacomo Puccini, Itallap '?omp<-ser.
* In December: Clpriano Castro, f*
mer dictator of Venezuela; Mrs.
Strattotf Porter, novelist; W. C. I*1"0"*
former president New York Cen,nl
Bishop H. J. Alerdlng of Fort Wa?*
Ind.; William C. Relck, journalist
Chief Grand Rabbi Isaac Friedman '
Vienna, In New York; Mahlon Pi,Dt\
former justice of the U. S. Sup'*'"'
court; August Belmont, financier
sportsman ; Edward Holslpg, Auiej"'0,
artist; Samuel Compere, preside0
American Federation of Labor;
gressman T. F. Appleby of N?xV J ,
sey; Martin F. Glynn, former gover?'
Vpw York.
1326. Western Newapaper Un?f 1