THE HOKGANTON HERALD.
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W C. ERV1N. - - Editor.
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Atltlresa. THE URAIB PCB- CO..
Morgantou. N. C.
Written for The Herald.
SETTLING A CONTINENT.
VOL. IX. NO. ;;S.
MOHGANTON S. C TIIL'tttUAV. NOVtwMni.lt x y
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HE COLONISTS OF 5EW ENGLAND.
An Interesting Paper on the People Who
S-ttlel the New England States.
A little more than two centuries
ago New England was one vast
forest. Here and there a little
space was cleared, a little corn
was raised ; a few Indian families
made their temporary abode, and
the savage occupants of the land
spent their lives mostly in hunting
and fishing. How did these early
pathfinders of the sea designate
New England ? Had the unknown
region a name? Yes. It is said
that long before any Englishman
is known to have set foot upon it,
the barbarous name of Norombega
is laid down upon ancient maps.
Whence or how it came there is a
mystery. In the tollowing snort
account we shall see how a hand
ful of poor people, knit together
in a common bon i of brotherhood
did at last what the greatest lords
with the most ample means had
been unable to accomplish.
Toward the end of Elizabeth's
reign. Sir Humphrey Gilbert and
Sir" Walter Ra'.eigh determined to
attempt an English settlement in
North America, but Gilbert in the
attempt perished in a storm at sea,
which Longfellow has described
in his poem of the same name:
Southward with fleet of ice
Sailed the corsair leath.
Wild and fast blew the blast
And the east-wind was his breath.
Southward, forever southward.
Thev drift through dark and day:
And' like a dream, in the Gulf Stream.
Sinking, vanish all away."
The queen then gave Raleigh a
chance to make the trial, granting
him the exclusive right to plant
colonies, or open a trade with dis
tant lands. His expedition landed
on the south coast. In the queen's
honor, and because she was a
maiden sovereign, the whole terri
tory lying between Florida and
Nova Scotia was then called Vir
ginia, and it was by this name
New England first became known
to Englishmen. After making great
exertions, Raleigh, however, failed
to establish a permanent settle
ment. We next read of Gosnold's col
ony, which, after many"perils, land
ed at Martha's Vineyard. Meeting
with many discouragements, this,
too. proved a failure, and the set
tlement was soon abandoned. Two
years later a noble French gentle
man, named De Monts attempted
to plant a colony in a remote cor
ner of New England. Among the
hundred follower he had collect
ed, was one Samuel deChamplain,
to whom, of all the early explorers
New England was the most indebt
ed. He was a native of the same
province as De Monts, his patron.
He made the first authentic map
of New England, was the founder
of Quebec, the discoverer of Lake
Champlain and the historian of
his time. Like its predecessors,
this colony also ended disastrously.
Twenty-three years had passea
since the granting of Raleigh's
privileges, which were set aside,
now that Elizabeth was dead and
James on the throne. He granted
charters to two great companies,
one of them called the London
Company, the other the Plymouth
Company, and.Virginia was divid
ed in nearly equal portions be
tween them. The former took the
south half, or South Virginia, and
was so called, because formed of
noblemen and merchants of Lon
don. The latter was similarly
formed at Bristol, Plymouth, etc.,
and uok the northern half, extend
ing from Pennsylvania to Nova
Scotia. Unfortunateiy, Lord Pop-
ham, Lord Chief-Justice of Eng
land, and master-spirit of the Ply
mouth Company, their noble pa
tron, died the same year (1607) and
the plantation being deprived o
its head, with homesickness and
discontent every day increasing,
it was speedily decided to give
over the attempt to remain in the
country. This decision was imme
diately carried out.
In the month of April, 1614.
some London merchants fitted out
two ships for a whaling voyage to
North Virginia, with Captain John
;mith the'animatiner spirit ot the
whole enterprise. After a stay of
three or four months he went back
to England in one of the ships,
and prepared a map and descrip
tion of the new country, to which
he now gave the name of New
England, King James granting the
privilege to call it such on the new
charter, which name, as we all
know, i". has since retained.
About this time, in England,
Holland, France and Germany,
there was a great difference of
oDinion in matters of religion
Men everywhere were thinking for
themselves, instead of accepting
the opinion of pope, bishop or
priest. For many years the Church
of England had sternly persecuted
those Protestants who disobeyed
it ordinances or who wished to
worshiD God independently of its
forms and ceremonies. Those who
wished simply to reform the moth
er church without leaving it were
rhfullv called Puritans, and
thn;p who wanted nothing at all
to do with it were called Separa
t;CK Driven by this persecution
tn Vk an asvlum in some foreign
o n frreo-ation of these peo-
Die fled with their pastor into IIol-
land, where tney were n
h.n r:H at thev pleased. Hen
k.t Awt m neace and love for
twelve years; but, after much anx
fifty dollars was to have an addi
tional share, and children between
ten and sixteen years ot age were
to be counted as half a share. All
the settlers bound themselves to
wor together for seven years,
their labor to go into a common
lund, and all to be supported from
it. At the end of that period the
property was to be divided accord
ing to the shares. For seven years
they were to put all their hard
ships, dangers and work on an
equality with the money advanced
by the merchants, who would thus
be enabled to speculate on their
toil. Being people of small means
thev procured money on hard
terms of certain I .on don merchants
with whom they formed a partner
ship. With this money they pur
chased the Speedwell, of forty tons,
and hired the Mayflower, of iSo
tons. A fair wind soon brought
the Speedwell to Southampton,
where the Mayflower, with other
emigrants, was waiting for her.
On the 5th of AuguM. 160. the
two ships put to sea.' Shortly after
sailing, the Speedwell sprung a
leak, and both ships had to put
back to V lvmouth. This mishap
discouraged many of the colonic
from going on. The Speedwell
proving unseaworthy. the May
flower on the 6th of September
sai'e 1 alone with one hundred acd
two passengers on board, and on
thenthof November the storm
tossed vessel rode safe within the
harbor.
Before going on shore the IM
grims drew up a compact by which
they agreed to be governed, an 1
signed it before landing. It is
said that no simpler form of g.v.
ernmer.t was ever devised, la a
few terse sentences it embodied
the whole philosophy of tjovern
ment. Thev am ptv proved its sufli-
ciency, for it was the only organic
law they ever had. It therefore
stands alone in history as the brl
act of self-government by the peo
ple of New England.
It should be remembered that
the Pilgrims had not meant to set
tie in New England at all. but were
in a measure driven to do so by the
lateness of the season and the re
fusal or inability of their ship
master to take them further south.
The story of their landing on
Plym iuth Rock, December aath.
1620 is familiar to us all that spot
which wt'.l ever be held sacred
to every true American. Mrs.
Hemans, in her poem of "The
Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers'
has beautifully expressed it :
The break ins wm dasheH aitft
On a tern aal rock botxd twtl.
And the wood aaiat a 1tmf
Their iciant braavbra tol.
And the hear acM baa da Ik
The htlN and water o'er.
When a band ot ctr moored thru hath
On the wild New t.oglaad r.
Not a thVonqcrT nat,
ThcT the trae-hearted came;
Not with the rU ot the ttrrtac draiaa.
And the trumpet that m0 o Ua.
This spot was chosen principally
because a large tract of land had
already been cleared by the In
dians at this place, and lay ready
to their hand to plant or build
upon. From this time the colony,
with varying fortunes, continued l
increase till it overspread the land.
( 7V bt CtmtixxtJ.)
Tho federal Crt at Aaltl.
Marshal Allison and Messrs.
Armfield and Goolsby returned
from Asheville court last Satur
day night. The court occupied
the full two weeks term, about
600 cases being disposed of.
Marshal Allison paid out $ 10.000
to witnesses and about $J,coo t
jurors, and he yet owes about
$i.03o to witnesses. $io.cco being
all the money he had at present
for that purpse. About 45a or
500 of the 6ao cases were disposed
of by the parties submitting.
I here were several cases ol con
siderable importance, in one of
which Senator Vance and Justice
Avery, of the Supreme Court,
were witnesses.
The marshal brought hme wit.i
him three prisoners wh" were
sentenced to the Albany penten-
tiary John and Frank t-cwcllyo.
father and son, convicted of com
plicity in the murder of Iieputy
Marshal Iirockus. and one O'lleaf.
convicted of perjury. Thee pris
oners will be kept in jatl here
until alter the Federal Court at
Charlotte, which begins the second
Monday in December, when they,
with a nuanbei of others, will be
taken to Albany. The elder
Lewellyn is very old and almost
blind. S.tsiiiV ltmJmtjtk.
Nonber ol cowtk-,
State are. $MJ v' ttv
Extreme feed h 5
F. a 1 rente breadth b dv
Number ot electoral tvrs
Number of cotto Ijkwm.
legth of coatt ! rsjllrW
Area of tMmat Sf 1 J Ma
acres.
Number of mile- of tatta!.
j.5:.
Inland tcmtxt at
000 miles.
Total popnUtwxa (tft lifK
l.6?.ot?.
White prulaliow (
t.ei?wi9i.
Coi ned populate (
Indian poplatK (c t Jyl.
.ft: 1.
Total water power, js
horse power.
Avetare m rttH. 5iW,
Western twdaT Wlfr.
Average wmief te ptatr. 4J
decrees r arenheil,
The htcHrsI pt is JdMtS'
Tea. feet.
Number of bates t
Sumed. MJt
AM"ed value of fadwaf pvf
ertr.3's.5Mli:i
Death by iih?(m, I J
1,000 of Mate ppwat
Number t bHt m
genera! feheies lt
t.lmil t Seate an I tat-
to1 cents. tUmrt M p !! $K
Area d laf?t tvoaty
wkk) is ja iae mt-,
Area t smat:-l ctr Sv
Hnvcr) is S-a siare
The Sihst ln a tt ea!e
Ikne. Watauga ct, I.
Mean annual le pratHr at
Klc;h. 60 drr: '.re,
Ilatv. 5 decrees
llihet of Sis-Ay 11
tain raoce i Clja'
feet.
Value of real ! rr
erty. bank stMtk and faj;w,.K
j6j.;A.Si4
Ijral rat of il-rT-t. ft
cent.: by contract. A pr twnii
tory lot feils Intervst.
Mean annual winter tm?aS
of Kateth, 41 dfs; t
Italy, 4 de;ees
State, cotresi?aI 1 p--dential
eteio. Tfay ttt
first Monday In Nsemb.,
The highest pMof I'Ce K
mountains la the Mate s(faoi'
father mountain. ts.ij feet.
The average date f Ifc -Mt
killiojt frst is CKtooe latN, d
the last killime frost in pf
April.
Public Khoot systri ad'ple'l
1X49. At present there are ,
white an! 1.191 colored slV4
houev Scho-t ai. I it a
The census of IKe h"itfwt
schwl age is, whites, j.VSa ; f
ored. ilt.C-ys: tta! S'J '
rollment, white, c-.Wed.
110.4M.
The icraod total f retyt tf
5ublic shols tr h Ja i4i
lune j5. T
total espedtfrs I ti sae
period are S:ai t
The tltJtih penary l os ii!5t'
ed for murder, . b'e'fiUrt aJ
rape, the General AVf has
ing power to atdch it i aU as
if deemed advbte.
Married women veiaim tl tr
real and personal property ees?l
from the debts of ther ksh4v
Liens of mechanic ad tabrs
for their wvtk ae rn-airrl-
IrgUfalore, bieal I od 1
numbered years, rnti WVts.
day after the fersl M lay a
uarr. lmil of ss. dajv
Terms of Senators d K?',''
tative two years eaht iay,i
per day.
It mtra ! are at! wtd t tt
am unt of ii.rco a(e. a4
nal property t tSe wwait f
tco. The hsta-l fc Ef
cscmpt dre t"we ld l o.
but after death dur tSe
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Mr. I. A. Ilavlor. a member of
-
the Staunton bar, ha for smt
time been an invalid confined !
his room. His residence is just
across the street from the second
ward votine place the engine-
house. Too feeble to ro to the
polls, a novel plan was adopted for
receiving his vote. A double string
was run from his chamber window
across to the poll. 1 1 is Demo
cratic ballot was put on it and
drawn slowly across the street.
When it arrived at the box the
judge of election took it off and
put it inside. ivth trie invalid
voter and the election luuge were
in sieht of each other I'om the
starting of the ballot until it was
safe in the box. S:Mtm II a.)
I iHJicattrr.
mm r 4w a4 aMa
Sm tiTe t fji4-tl
printed t ry twt trctf Ia4
init a stik in i hs-hi I' pfs-j!
t.uVf wai; a it:-t VUK
Mr. llal t cttrr' st-ry 'l
partrd$te ll tri a lat i' t
U!y t' h le ictf tin l k
A i;entlema rvertttly fvUtfd t
o another fric d 4.-mW ?.
e,aally a ! it t lt.r I
cither t th- ifrril I -ti'i
1 is touched I r by Mr. e X
Myers, ot tS4biii, W res
county, w tv. tl f timmtr
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fro by It hind U 4 ! )4l !.v. 4 4f tn,nr. iH! a. 4H.tr M(.,t, wt .u m, o. j f (H
tempted lo swallow iL tv i4t ..! -,4.44ik-- .rA. .,,.44, .Vi,44l m 444 -4H ; i,t4 HaM4t4 i444iitii n. h.,4. ta 44. Ja 4 a 44av
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with it nvHDth and keWI os U Ml wo pfi-iji . a f. a- , ? ' ' lrt.. v H4.1H4 aiy44444 aN! laaaw
grim death wh.Ie IM s4ke nvi Ve r.iv. ... wws 44. js m -h - --
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tugtd at I? estrem!. live M rvn . j i -h. m
snake wrapped k lad r4a. a. 4(.,44I4IU4.' .i JJJ m0 e, , M... a . s,ll4.p i.4 f. a.. a. aan ,p
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Taa Yalaa a4 a rwlin.
The eontants of a SS4ant ror ka of
Sininioos Lirer RetruUtr will vur
maoy a k-k-b44vUM-h4. It th wo
mao'i friend. It cur! ma wrmiwiil-
lr of Sick Il44.lch4 C S. M.n.
T .fed 4 4 " Wa . . m
lirownsTiiie. - ury i
more purchase team tk l a
his work witn a wu tt ft was
co. The ffotC held ls l
bamboo brier and a t? sisake
could not poll kins I k kaUr
rave it o. a a U! r 4 re
tired Irons te Mki. f&!rr
ious thought, they decided at last the tongue or make a !.
. 4. v, fr.-.m In a distant I "
10 seen aiiuiuti "" .1 .... ..v 1
land. So the Pilgrims formed con. J7J
themselves into a company, fixing rmli-d bv th - t
.'-. 4..... 1II TtiMa nitk tk
formed
f, fixing
1 he shares of stock at fifty dollars. AypV Cathartic Th.
Every settler sixteen years niu a3 1 not Kripe. are per
to be equal to one share. Every I and remove all tei
man who furnished an outfit worth bowel complaint.
tarklein ArwtVw 4tt4
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fnt, l:ni4 I'lrtis 9art
Uheum. IVter frTf lf,Ck.4t
44n tland4,Ckilt4ai4,fVt,a4
all Skin III nplioe, aad t44tivry
rwre li-, r a p.y r!.
II ia jftttarantrr! ! fit rn-ti"!
wti4Urtlou. o ooey tladv. 94.
river 25 rent pr Us. I t 4ulMlMlMl
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