DAILY NEWBEENIAN.
Seth M. Cakpkntee, Editor.
NEW BERNE, N. C, JULY 17, 1871
Por Superintendent -of Public Instruction
For the
CXCEEO
Senate
n t f x vr
For House ' of Representatives :
S, D. POOL, Je., WM WHITFORD.
For Clerk SupenoT'cSurt'T""
WM. GEO. BRINSON. ,
. For Register of Deeds
WM. G. BRYAN.
i t
1 For Sheriff -:
WM. C. BREWER.
For Coroner :
JAS. H. HUNTER.
: For Treasurer :
CHARLES SLOVER.
For Surveyor :
WM. H. MARSHALL.
For County Commissioners : .
N.H. Steeet, JoelKinsey, Bbyan Whittoed,
J. T. Rich, T. H. Maxlison. 1
Address or Hon. Zebmlon IX.
the Atlantic Council.
Vance Before
oJJKn-..
Patrons
r' bttrr, at OoltUbor , Joine IStn, 1874
Gentixmen. To ask-r2ff to mate an agricul
tural adlresslaoib mejj-pmewjljat id the situa
tion of Ithe celebrated youth who was sent for
wu. oiniu i j . - ! I to mate a speech, utterly eschewing polities, to
a Bet of gentlemen who nave spent tneir -nves
M in thebusiness inTegard to hicb I anrerpect
ed to enlighten, them. , - But .it implies a com
pliment for which I thank you. I am proud to
think that you deem me fitted, in any 'degree,
to assist in the great practical business of life
in which vou are engaged, and that I am worth
means of getting to a market J to lessen the
Ifc4arather HBerere4sfeinft UQJanmiMWl
insr thanrodnets of.vonr iixHnafrv .wonld ininre i and fructifies as of old, wnilst tne gooaness oi
nolhuman 3einr who - should tt &ZnmnA God stiU bestows the increase. The strength
NoTr:thKmercian
PRINCE BISMARCK.
An attempted assassination of Bismarck has
been undertaken, it is said, in the interests of the
Roman Catholic church, by a young man who!
has been discovered jto be daily in! communica
tion with a priest of Madgeburg. jThe sympa-j
thies of the civilized world must be in harmony
''. ' ' i i
with the German Prince. His purpose has
been simply to advance the civil and religious
j - ' I
liberty of his nation. The Pope has laid claim
to the stability! of the old, exploded doctrine
that he was the head of the church, and that
temporal sovereignities and powers were de
pendant upon him.' The Prussian Government
as the head of civilized Christendom, has taken
issue with this ancient theory, and is beating at
the gates of papal authority and influence, for
the illumination of the popular mind on this
important question. The Roman Catholics M if -J"Ii
Europe have monopolized the control of these
vital questions quite long enough. The ques
tion to be settled is, whether religionists can
manage the conscience and the judgment of the
enlightened masses of the nations - any longer.
The Pope is evidently played out. American
Catholics may make pilgrimages jto Rome as
often as they please, buthey can j do nothing,
either towards oblaining the appointment of a
Cardinal or the accomplishment of any other
important result whatever. The spiritual in
terests of the Catholic church are in the hands
- ' i-
of the Italians, and they will regulate matters
to suit themselves, the Americans; to the con
trary notwithstanding. We do riot see what
interest the American people should feel in the j
something to the community , oyer and above
the lawyer and the politician, though whether
this opinion comes from your mistake, or my
capacity, is to be seen. '
I am not a farmer or a Granger, and I warn
you that my observations on agricultural mat
ters have all been made from the outside of the
fence. When the Order of Patrons of Hus
bandrv was first introduced to my section. I
was significantly informed that there was no
room for men' like me, of the political persua
sion, and :f so I have- never joined you. But I
have had the highest respect for yon ever since,
and if you will only stick to your determination
tQ let no more politicians run your machine,
and will devote your energies solely and entirely
to the promotion of the interests of your noble
calling, you will deserve the hearty God-speed
of all good men. I have often heard it charged
that your order was a cat in the meal-tub, but
where I have looked over i their assemblages,
and seen, as I do to-day, the very bone and
sinew of this land, the intelligence, wealth, re
spectability and laboring worth of the country
before me, men who till the soil, build the
cities, pay the taxes and feed the world, I con
cluded that there was a cat there sure enough
a very large and useful cat, j quite a dangerous
one' to some kinds of vermin but was entirely
welcome to catch all the rats she could. Such
men can't hurt me without hurting themselves
worse, and if they thrive, so will I.
I ; have often wondered that there has not
sooner been an organized combination of the
farmers for their own protection and advance
merit. Almost every other branch of human
industry' in this country has thus I organized.
The physicians of the State have a thorQUJ
guutoanvu vjr rM3nTtf v regulate , tneir pay,
improve in all that pertains to their art and
elevate the standard of professional honor.
The lawyers have similar local organizations by.
which they regulate thei fees that is, they
fix a minimum, the maximuai naturally regulates
itself by the state of the client's pocket, (laugh
ter) and other things pertaining to their in
terests. These rules are executed j by their
spirit, not the letter. A London lawyer was
once arraigned for taking lass than the mini
mum fee, and was acquitted by his merciful
every
elsewhere. There is really no ground ior aef
and your honest neighbors i in toil.. To mike
two. bushels of. corner wheat grow where 0ne
grew before, to enlargeyour intelligence and
Tour children's, to rebuild and adorn vour
iwmeseids o increase1 and cheapen J-ourl and .urtilj Js to (arnoatBrt: the
sportdancy. anywhere. liotjrxtlisanaing
rret losse I by war subst- tiaU:1 all that
had before U here! J)ur.t Sther earth is here!
out
i It
we1
and the latter rains still fall
to the
the population . in North; Carolina ,and 4 yet,
somehow, you seem to be at; their mercy. - - As I
have, heard it said before? when Jrou go to town.
you always ask the, merchant howmuch do yon
askfor your, coffee and your calico ? and how
mucn wm you give me f tor , my jcorn ana my
bacon or cotton ? r Now how .doea it happen
that he fixes the price of his goods and, yours
too? I'll tell you -what I think f the 'cause, and
and he is sharper
as a - general rule,
you must not be offended : He stands between
you arid the consumer ; he makes his living by
the exchange between . you,
than you are, better posted
and more intelligent in his businessJ You in
deed study the science of producing crops, but
you know little or nothing of the ways of coin-
merce tne needs ot tne consuming j woria, trie
state of the supplies and the
which control prices. But he studies
his superior
always, will.
various causes
it all, and
knowledge overcomes i you as it
And so you, great big. strong-
ought jto
who'
armed and strong-brained men
do better, step up to a counter and rather tun
idly ask of a dapper-perfumed little fellow in
Clark stockings and hair parted in the middle,
" What is cotton worth to-day ?'
of thunder, why shouldn't you know
as well as he ? The man who knows
well how to raise cotton aridi doe not
to sell it, I call a poor farmer. I Ik is
Iri the
its
name
value
every
ever so
know how
much the
hi
other class;
such effortsfas
your knorl-
same in your dealing with
and it will continue so until, by
you are now making, you enlarge
edge of the things pertaining to your calling, and
by education fit you to cope with the extradr
- I. 1
dinary intelligence and talent
where characterizes the carriers
which every-
and
factorsof
the world; until, in short, you learn that knowl
edge is power. - I . j '
North Carolina is an admirable agricultural
country; I verily believe as goo as there isin
the world. We have 50.000 sauare miles of ter-
i . i i a?
ritory, not more than one-fifth of which is per
")S
the
mxiem
,1
i;of
not
part
water ior moun-
the yeryj heart f of
pf
brethren when he proved ihat he
cent his client had in the Iworld.
Well, the mechanics of all l
took.
(laughter.)
inds, the xriaters,
railroad engineers, shoemakers, miners, day
laborers, house servants, allsorts and condi
tions, have their organizations for mutual pro
tection and support. None br.t the farmer was
disorganized and helpless, although his calling
Pope, who is an exclusive, shut-up ecclesiastic, iwas me tounaation ox an otnen anaiUpon mm
leu tne cmei ouraens ot society, stronger
caring nothing for the world outside of Italy,
i' ' ' I i -
except to secure its money, its admiration and
its allegiance; ' '''.J.
Prince Bismarck, on the contrary, is the com-
- i . i
ing man of the age. Full of intellect, experi
ence and-civil energy, he throws himself in op
position to those who are the enemies of his
country. They try to assassinate him; to pre
vent him from controlling the political inter
ests of the people. But with the courage of a
lion he holds on, fighting against the ecclesias
tical aspiration of the church, and seeking to
bring all things in subjection to the authority
oa iuo xvmg. xxow mis contest may end, we
are not able to say; but the prospect is that re- !
ligious bigotry and zeal will be driven from the j
face of the earth, and religious liberty and
purity will be established amOner the nation si
nuriibers arid position than aL others,
l
in
his dis-
The orthodox Catholics of France are rejoic
ing over the downfall of an old catholic priest, '
the Abbe Risse. The Abbe went to Geneva, j
where he joined Pere Hyacinthe, arid was elect-'
ed curate of an old catholic parish. He waa I
brought back to France by xa warrant of extra-'
dition has been convicted of swindling and other
crimes, arid sentenced to ten years' iinpris- j
onment . ' - . xv ' i
organization rendered him the most helpless.
Literally, according to tBe old tory, he is the
man who pays for all. I welcome then this or
der of yours as an auspicious omen; as a sign
of better times for our countrjl There is no
reason in the world why it should not beso;
why North Carolina should not strive: to elevate
those who constitute her chiefes citizens and
her noblest class. There is perbiris ' no State
in the American Union so purely agricultural
as ours.' Seven-tenths, at least, orour popula
tion are devoted to tilling the soil and. its kin
dred labors. And whilst, in some respects, the
absence of great cities and " vast rcanufacturies
is to be regretted, yet we are doubtless a hap
pier people for that reason, and intraorals we
stand higher. With these facts in view, it is
right that the laborers in this our Chief vine
yard should unite to improve and i elevate its
condition. Our social and political legislation
should be colored by it. iNot that I Would en
courage class legislation in the justy odious
sense of the term, I thoroughly detest Iny thing
of the kind. I simply mean that or greatest
efforts should be directed toward the tostering
of our greatest interest, and it so happens that
the prosperity of that interest will carfv every
other with it. Such is the beneficence of your
calling that its increase is not built on any
other's decrease. There is no war between you
IT , AtiHitMi'
whole, perhaps, is!
cultivation, by reason of
tains. It is situated in
- r , j " i
the temperate zone, the 35th ! parallel runnihg
through its centre, j The land is a' gradual slope
torn the sea shore to the-tops of the riiountairis,
6,000 feet high, and on this swelling plain ( is
found every kind of soil, climate and produc
tion known to a belt of 20 degrees in width.
It is also in the centre of trie Atlantic tier 0f
the farin-
,
the United
be-
t
States and on the border where meet
ing and the planting regions of
States, and where their different jproducts
gin to be interchanged. South of us, are cot
ton, rice, sugar ; North of us,' are grass, grain,
tobacco; here, we have all of these as we preflr.
It is the only State in the Union that put some
thing in every column of the census blanks for
'. P i a
and, thougli7Talasialas!:many-oi our oravest
collections x of , onxt history remain to cheer
and blesa us. And:, the, negrotoo, is here
as ? goo4 '"irbetter than I he was before if we
know how to work him.i Don't despair of find
ing way5 to do that! -; You say he won't work
unless he Is compelled-Tery well, neither will
white men. But compulsion is of. different
sorts. Formerly, you'compelled him by virtue
! of being his master now, compel him to work"
by force of his necessities. Show him that you
can live without him, put your own hand to
the plow and say to him, if you wUl help, well;
if not, well again; enforce the laws against vag
abondage, and he will gladly work when he
sees he can do no better. At. present he thinks
he can make a living by voting, but he .will
come out of that in due season. On the whole,
I am inclined to think he is the best laborer
lifcplv in apt in the South: as he is the
best tool we have with which to cultivate j the
soil, let us sharpen and, improve him in every
possible way. And for this great Anglo Saxon
people whose blood has filled the earth with
the most beneficient and utilitarian civilization
it has ever witnessed, and strewed the shores of .
its oceans with mighty cities, reticulated its
surface with steam roads, covered the wild seas
with the white wings of commerce and even '
invaded their unknown depths with vthe iron
shod pathways of the lightning, for these men
to acknowledge that the wheels of their progress
are stopped because the negroes won't work and
keep contracts, is a sorry spectacle indeed 1
Shame to us if it be so ! j ,
'And as to capital, the want of which makes us
complain so loudly, are we really suffering for
that? I. say not. . We are suffering from a want
of capacity to use what we have, rather. What
relief would a fresh issue of government cur
rency do us unless we had the equivalent to
give for.it ? Suppose that faxty-foar , millions
were given to us, how long would we keep! it if
pur consumption annually exceeded our sales as
far as it does now ? Like water seeking its
level, it would soon find its wav to those I who
had a surplus to give for it What is the use of
an idle fellow lounging around with his hands
in his pockets, without a thing in the worid to
sell, but who buys his very axe handle and his
cabbage from the North, abusing Eastern
talists for grabbing all the currency. Let
raise a bale of cotton and see if he don't
papi-
him
rob
that Yankee of some of his ill-gotten gains ?
1870, even to genuine cane sugar,
hogsheads are reported. We grow
wheat, cotton, hemp, hops, tobacco,
toes, ground-peas, and all kinds o
of which 135
corn, pork,
rye, pota-
grapes arid
fruits, t verily believe that no land under the
sun is better adapted to growth of j the grapes.
A gentleman in my section tells ine his crop,
embracing near 100 varieties, has Inot failed in
twenty years, whilst the yield far! exceeds
m
weight anything known in I Europe. (After
dwelling for some time on this topic, the Goy-
West.? drew
Ohio
Let him grow his own pork,
hay, and see if that bloated
ernor asked why our people moved
a contrast between North Carolina and
and Indiana, and demonstrated that great as
was the difference in the fertility of the soils,
in the long run the difference was vastly in our
favor; that the product of our pxr oases gave
us more cash, owing to climate and our prox
imity to the non-producing markets of the sea
board, and added ;) We need our people It
home, and we need some kind j of guano or men-
tal phosphate to sprinkle on them
upon the land, jsram manure was
want; education for young and old;
in matters pertaining to agriculture
so much need more laborers ! as a
worse than
our great
especially
We don't
proper utili
zation of that we have. Instead of croaking
so much at the negroes we should work a little
more ; ourselves. ; At every I depotj and cross
roads in the State you may see any day , crowds
of idlers standing around j loosej whittling
sticks and spitting at-a mark, abusinjg the negro
as a laborer, lamenting the scarcity of money
and hoping for that issue of $44,000,000 of re-
serve lately aiscussea m uongress ana cussea
flour, corn and
bond holder don't
have to shell out. To give you some idea I of
our condition as to capital, I would refer you
to two or three points in our State. In Char
lotte, which is the biggest town of its size in
the United States, we have five chartered banks
with a capital paid in of $850,000. Their de
posits will exceed $1,500,000, on which! they
pay 6 per cent total $2,350,000. Raleigh has,
I learn, over $600,000 on deposit, and Wil
mington some $800,000, and their banking cap
ital as about half their deposits total bank
capital in three towns about $1,550,000, de
posits $2,900,000. Now seven-tenths of these
deposits belong to our farmers such men as
yott, down on middle men, and clamorous for
more capital. What do they do with it ? Will
they lend to their neighbors who are in strain
and haven't cot well on their feet since the war,
and secure it by a mortgage at 6, 8 or 10 per
cent ? Not one in ten. You haven't confi
dence in, your neighbor,' though he mortgages
his farm, but yon put it in one of these banks on
long call at 6 per cent, and your neighbors
go to the bank and borrow it at 18 per cent to
raise the wind for! the next crop. Or he goes to
a commission merchant and buy his supplies
on a credit at a cost of 50 per cent over I cash
prices and mortgages his crop in advance to
pay for them, and when that mortgage is j fore
closed, your crop gone, no supplies on hand
and the same process to be gone over again
next year, you sayr its want of more capital I
Oh my brother, take no offence I pray you at
the wounds of a friend, when I say it 4s a fwant
of common sense and common charity toward
each other. Make your own supplies and yon
will not have to borrow so much money. If
you have any to loan let your neighbor have it,
unless yon had rather see the banker speculate
on four money than him. Nobody blames the
- s