North Carolina Newspapers

?' . ... - . -y - - ii 1 1 rVr TTT i ' . " . , -: - 7 ' " T tljt :Kll8lfe"; TKI-WEEKLY AND WEEKLY BY The Era Publishing Company. Ittite or Hubscription i .si-Wkekly One year, in advance, $3 00 6 months, in advance, 2 00 3 month, in advance, 1 00 , 1 month, in advance, . 54 uiikku One year. In advance,5 f 1 00 Six months, In advance, 50 The Present's. Message. ; It U an able, practical "and vU iiiuttml pair, one that will comiare favorably with any similar document that has preceded it. It is all that we anticipated, and more.j As we predicted, it" has disappointed the fondest Iioih-s of the Democracy, by removing the chief causes of dissen sion among Republican statesmen. It mimimends all the needed and de manded reforms in the revenue system. It very wisely takes the ground that the present resources of the country should cease to be taxed for the rapid payment of the public debt. It Is right ami just, that the payment of the ex traordinary sums necessary to defray the exiK'iises of the government during the four years, of the war, should be spread over many years of peace and proicrity. The rapid increase and de velopment of the resources of this coun try Is such that the debt will prove a light burden to the next generation. The war was not waged for the good of the present iK-ople alone. It was wag ed for the purtxj.se of securing the bless ings of liberty and good government to our descendants as well as ourselves. As the present generation was compell ed to sustain all the physical suffering, and nil the mental anxiety of a war that wits .waged as much for posterity as for us of the present age, it is but just that iosterity should bear j the larger lortion of the lighter burden of paying the debt. The message, therefore, re commends a modification, both of the tariirand and internal tax laws. It re commends that all taxes from internal -ouree Ik alolished. except those col lected from spirituous vinous and malt liquors, and tobacco in forms, and from stannw. s various It makes some wise and practical suggestions in relation to the reduction of the' tariff, which the reader will be enabled t see for himself in our next. On this sub mit it is confidently believed that the message will prove entirely satisfactory to the most advanced revenue reform ers in the country. J On the subject of a reform in the civil service the message, though less ex plicit, will also prove .satisfactory. It has lie "ii the aim of the administration to enforce honesty and efficiency , in every brunch of the civil service. Kv- ery public officer who has violated the trust placed in him, says the message, lias been pnx'oed against with all the rigor of the law. If bad men have e rurul places, it is declared to have been the fault ofthe system established by law and custom for making appoint ments, or the. fault of those who rec- .ommended for government positions men who were unfitted for them. It calls for a civil service reform which can correct this abuse. And the sug gestions made on this toint are both wise and practical. A reformatory law is advised which will" enforce the principle, that all endorsers of appli cants for official iositionsf shall beheld morally responsible for the integrity of their friends, and their capacity to discharge the trusts they seek. Such a reformatory law, it is believed,- would Misnre great caution in making recom mendations. It seems to us, however, that the reformatory act might go one step further, and make sucji endorsers legally as well as morally i responsible for any losses the government might sustain in consequence of the unfaith fulness or incapacity of officials. This ' would certainly have the desired effect Y introducing both honesty and effi ciency into every branch ;of the civil service; and this, we think, is what "the message means. j On the subject of a general removal of political disabilities the message has realized our fondest hopes. Opposed from the liegiiming to large exclusions, xve have all the time favored a general amn' sty, and we cannot but rejoice at tne wise and statesman like view of the message on this subject. And we must 1ki permitted to say,! that we re joice at it much more in the interests of "the country than in the interest of the .KiVuMiea" party. That it.will advance the interest of the party very greatly we have not the slightest doubt ; but weliail it with vastly more delight as a wise measure of pacification. The message does honor to the head and heart of the President in declaring: "That it will be a happy condition of the country, when the old citizens of the Southern States will take an inter-.-t in public affairs; promulgate ideas honestly entertained; vote for men representing their views, and tolerate the same freedom of expression and ballot in 'those entertaining different IK.Iitical convictions." This happy condition of the country, which all patriots are so anxious to see, will nev er come to pass until after a general -amnetv sliil! 1m (TMntwl TV ConCTCSS. And we now repeat the belief expressed on Monday, that this great measure of pacification will be passed this winter. We have confined ourself in this arti- ! to the three most important subjects of the message," hoping to.be able to re--ur to it again, with reference to others that are important to the country, and highly honorable to the administration. In conclusion we congratulate the coun try on the message. It secures unity, harmony ami peace, and ensures the triumphant sumssof the -Republican. Vol. 1. party in 1872. It dissipates the day dreams of Frank Blair and the Invisi ble Empire. Neither will longerliope or seek to overturn the warlrfjf recon struction. The crvof whito man's party" will cejasfo bcvKeard. tTheKu Kluxjwran extensive organization, will Tanguish, and die, and with it will die the Democracy. And then suspen sions of the habeas corpus will Cease,; and smiling peace will once more bless the sunny South. TIIIItD ANNUAL MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THK UNITED .STATES ffuite and ' lloune of JteprettenLlioe : In addressing my third annual message to the law-making branch of the gpvern- mcnt. it is emtifvins t Imj a'Ie to state that during the nast rar 8Ues8 has cen crnlly attended tie tfiFort to execute all laws ionnd upon the statute booki the nolirv m lKen not to enquire iuto the wisdom of the laws already cnactc to learn tlieir spirit and intent, and force them accordingly. The Dast Tear has. under a wiae" ;1, but i en 'rovi- dem-c, been one of general prosperity to tl. nMtinn. It has. however, been attend cd with more than usual chastisements is thf. luss of lile and nroiiertv by storm and fin These dUnfcters hare served tl call f.irth the tcst elements of human nature in our country, and to develop a friendship for us on ttie part of foreign nations Which gK.s far toward alleviating the distress occasioned by these calamities- .The ben cvolenr, who have so generously shared their means with the victims of the?e mis fortunes, will reap their rewaid in thi con-Kfiousnc-ss of having" performed a kioblc act, and. in receiving the grateful thaijksof men, women and children, whose suffer ina they have relieved. The relations of the United States! with foreign powers continue to be friendly. The year has been an eventful one in wit nessing two great nations, speaking one language and having one lineage, settling by peaceful arbitration disputes ot (long standing, and liable at any time to bring those nations into bloody and costly con flict. An-example has thus beenj set which, if successful iu its final issue, may be followed by other civilized, nations, and finally be the means of returning to productive industry millions of men' now maintained to settle the disputes of na tions by the bayonet and the broadside. I transmit herewith a copy of the treaty alluded to, which has been concluded since the adjournment of Congress, jwith Her Brittanic Majesty, and a copf of the protocols of the conferences! of the Commissioners by whom it ) was negotiated. This treaty provides meth ods for adjusting the questions pend ing between the two nations. Various questions arc to be adjusted by arbitration. I recommend Congress at an arly day to make the necessary provision for thej tri bunal at Geneva and for the several com missions on the p:rt of the United States called for by the treaty. His Majesty.. the King of Italy, the President of the Swls3 Confederation, and bis Majesty, the Em peror of Brazil, have each consented,, on the joint request of the two Powcrjs, to name an arbitrator for the tribunal at Geneva. I have caused my thanks to be suitably expressed for the" readiness kvith which the joint request has been Com plied with, by the appointment of 'gen-, tlemtn of eminence and learning to these important positions. His Majesty, ( the Emperor of Germany, has been pleased to comply with the request of the two 'gov ernments, and ha3 consented to act a ar bitrator ot the disputed water boundary between the United States and Great Britain. The contracting parties inJ the treaty have undertaken to regnrd as! be tween themselves certain principles of public law lor which the Uritcd ic have contended since the commencement of their history. They have also agreed to bring these principles to the knowledge of the other marajtime" powers, and tb in vite them to accede to them. Negotia tions are going on as the form of the! note by which the invitationis to le extended to the other Powers.. I recommend the legislation necessary on the. pait of! the United States to bring iuto operation the articles of the treaty relating to the fisher ies and to other matters touching the re lations of the United States toward, the British North American possessions, to become operative as soon as the pj-oper legislation shall be had on the part of Great Britain and its possessions, jit is much to be desired that this legislation may become operative before the fisher men of the United States begin to nake their arrangements for the coming season. I have addressed a communication, of which a copy is transmitted herewith, to the Governors of New York," Pennsylva nia, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois ' and Wisconsin, urging upon the govern . mcnts of those- States, respectively), the necessary action on their part to Scarry into efle.t tho object of the article of the treaty" which contemplates the use of hc canals on cither side connected with the navigation of the lakes and rivers forming the boundary on terms of equality by the inhabitants of both countries. It is hoped that the importance of the object and the benefits to flow therefron will secure the speedy approval and legislative Par etion '-of the States concerned. renew the recommendation for an ap propriation lor determining the trje po sition of the forty ninth parallel of latitude i i i,,...a ?! imnndarv between the ; United States and the British North Amen- can possessions oeiwren iuc wi thrt summit of the Rocky -r .::, ti. fiirlv action of Congress .nmrnncdrttion WOUld PUt lt'lU the power ofthe war department tojplace a force in tne nem uu"i,"s , mcr The resumption of diploinatid rela tions between France and Germany) have 'enabled me to give directions lor tliegit h: drawal of the protection extended to Germans in France by the diplomatic and consular representations of tfae United States in that country. It is just 10 add That the delicate duty of ihisPjotec ion ia3 been- performed by ho minister and the consul general at Paris, and th vari es consuls in France, under the Eupervis fonof the latter, with grea kmdne well w with prudence and tact, .pi cir course has recti i the commendation of f, "-L-n .rnrnmcnt.and has wounded 7ZrtXniv of the French. The gov- 1 1 r ou v j" . ' IMi i Mi"- : ' t . . . . . . - . I r . - - . - . I To the.JZ RALEIGH, Is! . 'ernment of the Emperor of Germany con Unties to manifest a friendly feeling to "wards the United States, and a desire to harmonize with the moderate and just "policy which this government .maintains To- its relations with Asiatic powers, as 'well as with the South American republics. I hive given assurance that th friendly feelings of that government are fally shared by the United States. The ratification of the ! cor sular and naturalization . conven tions with the Austro-Hungarian empire liave been exchanged. I have . been orHci klly informed . of the annexation of the States of the Church to the kin;doi ol 'Italy, and the removal of the capital of thnk lcinirdnm of Rome. 4 t r : . n : 1 1, tlx. oat oKtic!ii-il nrtli. :y of the unitea otaies i nave recguiu bis change. The ratifications of the new t treaty of commerce between the unitea fetates and Italy have been exchanged. r!The two powers have agreed in this treaty nat private pany au bc muu w "tun rom capture in case of war between the wo powers. The United States have pared no opportunity of incorporating hia ruin inti ihn ohlicrntlon OI DatlOnS. The forty-first Congress, at its third session, hiadoan appropriation for the organiza- ion of a mixed commission for adjudicat ng upon the claims of citizens- of the ITnitcd States against Spain growing out of the insurrection in Cuba. That Com mission has since been organized. I trans nit herewith the correspondence relating . :o its formatiou and its jurisdiction. It s to bo hoped that this Commission will ifford the claimants a complete remedy for heir injuries It has been made the agree ible duty of the United States to preside )ver a Conference at Washington between he plenipotentiaries of Spain and the dlied South American Republics which ias resulted in an armistice with the casonable assurance of a permanent peace. The intimate friendly relations which lave so long existed between the United states and Russia continue undisturbed. The visit of the third son of the Emperor s a proof that there is no desire on the lart of his government to diminish theeor , liality of those relations. The hospitable eception w,hich has been given to the ! 3 rand Duke is a proof that on our side we ; lave the best wishes of that government. jTlie inexcusable course of the Russian Minister, at Washington, rendered it necea ' fcary to ak his recall, and to decline to unger receive that functionary as a diplo natic representative. It was impossible, Jvith self respect, or with a just regard to ' the dignity of the country, to permit Mr. atacazy to continue to hold intercourse vith this government after his personal ibusc of government officials, and during lis persistent interference, through various means, with the relations between the Jnitcd States and other powers. In accordance with my wishes, the gov ernment has been relieved of further inter course with Mr. Catacazyand the man ijgcmcnt ofthe affairs of the Russian lega tion has passed into the hands of a gentle man Mitiwlv unobiectionable. .UaV M W - uw w- - 29 1 With Janan we continue to maintain iniimate relations. The Cabinet of the llixado has, since the close of the last ses sion of Congress, selected citizens of the United States to serve in office of import ance in several departments ot government. t have reason to think that thi3 selection is due to an appreciation of the disinter estedness of the policy which the United States have pursued towards Japan. It is fjur desire to continue to maintain this disinterested and just policy with China as well as Japan. The correspondence trans mitted herewith shows that there is no dis position on the part ot the government to Swerve from its established course. x-Prompted by a desire to put an eud to the barbarous treatment of our ship wrecked sailors on the Coreaa coast, I in structed our Minister at Pekin to endeavor tjo conclude a convention with Corea for sbcuring the safety and humane treatment cjfsuch marines. Admiral Rodgers was instructed to accompany him with a suf ficient force to protect him in case of need. A small surveying party sent out. o!n reaching the coast, was treacherously attacked at a disadvantage. Ample oppor tunity was given for explanation and apology for the insult. Neither came. A force was then landed. After an arduous march over a rugged and difficult coun try, the forts from, which the outrages, were committed were reduced by a gallant assault and were destroyed. Having thus punished the criminals, and having vin dicated the honor of the flag, the ex;.edi trin returned Finding it impracticable, imder the circumstances, to conclude the desired convention, I respectfully refer to the correspondence relating thereto, here : with submitted, and leave the subject for such action as Congress may see best to tike. The Republic of Mexico has uot yet repealed the very objectionable laws es tablishing what is known as the .free zjne,M on the frontier of the United States. It i? hoped that this may yet be done, and alsvt that more stringent measures may be taken by that republic for restrain ing lawless persons on the frontiers. I 1 lurtrvn that Mexico, bv its action, will soon I relieve this government of the difficulty. ! experienced from these causes Our relations with the various Rdpub ltcs ot Central and South America' con I nue, with one exception, to be cordial .b id friendly. I recommend sonic action of Congress regarding the overdue installments under t ie award of the Venezuelan Claims Commission of 18G6. The internal dis sensions of this government present no jus i tificithm for the alsnce of effort to meet their &lemn treaty of obligations, j iThe ratification. ot an extradition treaty with Nicaragua has been exchanged, j - It is a subject for congratulation that f thf mftt T!mni re of Brazil has taken the iiiitiatorv steD towards the abolition of slavery. Our relations with that Empire, always cordial, will naturally be made more so by this act. It is not too much t& hope that the government of Brazil may hereafter find it for its interest as Well as intrinsically right to advance to ! ward entire emancipation more rapidly 'thin tlx nrcsent act contemnlates. ' ! The true prosperity and greatness of a nation IS lO ue luuuu iu vwc eis 1 nrfttinn of its laborers. . It is a subject rAr rotrmt that the reforms in this dsrec- i tipn, which were volun:arily promised by ti'iA tmtrsmen of Spain, have not been car- nnt in its West India colonics. The laws and regulations lor the apparent abo ..rctarorv in Cuba and Porto Rico. Uliuu ' . , , he laborers in bondage. icuw . ..... - i with no hope of release, until their lives -become a burden to their employers. I desire -to direct your attention to the fact that citizens of the United States, or per sons claiming to be citizens ot the United C, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1871. States, are large holders in foreign " lands of this species ot property, forbidden by the fundamental law of their alleged conn try. I recommend to Congress to provide, by stringent legislation, a suitable remedy against the holding, owning or dealing in slaves, or being interested io slave proper ty in foreign lands, either as owners, hirers or mortgagees, by citizens of the. United States.-- ; . . ' V" It is to be regretted that the disturbed condition M the Island of Cuba continues to be a source of annoyance and of anxi ety. The existence of a protracted strug gle in such close proximity to our own territory, without apparent prospect of an early termination, cannot be other than an object of concern to people who, while abstaining from interference in the affairs of other powers, naturally desire to see every country in the undtetnrbe.d enjoy ment of peace, liberty and i he blessings of free institutions. Our naval commanders in Cuban waters have been instructed, in case it should become necessary, to spare no effort to jprotect the lives and property of lona fide American citizens, and to maintain the dignity of the flag. It is hoped that all pending questions with Spain, growing out of the affairs of Cuba, may be adjusted in the spirit of peace and conciliation, which has hitherto guided the two powers in their treatment of- such questions.' j To give importance and to add to the efficiency of our diplomatic relations with Japan' and j China, and 'to further aid in retaining the good opinions of these people, and to secure to the United States its share of the commerce destined to flow between these nations and the balance of the com mercial world, I earnestly recommend that an appropriation be made to. support at least four American youths in each of those countries to serve a3 a part of the official family ot our ministers there. Our repre sentatives would not even then be placed upon an equality with the representatives of Great Britain and of some other powers. As now situated our representatives in Japan and phina have to depend for in terpreters and translators upon natives of thore countries who know our language imperfectly or procure for the occasion the services jof employees "of. foreign busi ness houses or the interpreters to other foreign ministers, t would also recom mend liberal measures for the purpose of supporting the American lines of steamers now plying! between San Francisco and Japan and China and the Australian line almost our. only remaining lines of ocean steamers and of increasing their subsi dies ' The national debt has been reduced to the extent of eighty-six millions fifty-seven thousand one hundred and twenty-six do! lars and eighty cents during the year, and by the negotiation of national bonds at a lower rate of interest the interest on the public debt has been so diminished that "the sum to be raised for the interest ac count is nearly seventeeen million dollars less than oh the 1st of March, 1869. It was highly desirable that thi3 rapid di minution should take place both to strengthen the credit of the country and to convince itsj citizens of their entire ability to meet every dollar of liability without bankrupting them: but in view of the accomplishment of these desirable ends, of the rapid development of the resources of the country its increasing ability to meet large demands and the amount already paid, it is hot desirable that the present resources of the country should continue to be taxed 'in order to continue this rapid payment. therefore recommend a modi-' fication of both the tariff and internal tax laws. I repommend that all taxes from internal sources be abolished, except those collected from spirituous, vinous, and malt liquors, tobacco in its various forms, and from stamps. i In re adjusting the tariff, I suggest that a careful estimate be made of the amount of surplus I revenue collected . under the present laws, after providing for the cur rent expenses of the government, the in terest account, and a sinking fund, and that this surplus be reduced in such a manner as to afford the greatest relief to the greatest number. There are many articles not 'produced at home, but which cnt r largely into general consumption through articles which are manufactured at home, such as medicines compounded, fee., from which very little revenue is de rived, but which enter into general use. All such articles I recommend to be placed on the "free list." - Should a fur ther reduction prove advisable, I would then recomniend that it be made upon those articles, which can best bear it with out disturbing home production, or redu cing the WaSes f American labor. I have not entered into figures, because to do so would he to lepeat what will be laid before you in the report of the Secretary of the Treasury. The present laws for collecting the rev enue pay collectors Of customs small salar ies, but provide for moities, shares in all seizures which at principal ports of entry, particularly!, raise the compensation of these officials to a large sum. It has al ways seemejl to me as if this system must at times work perniciously. It holds out "an inducement to dishonest men, should such get possession of those offices, to bo lax in their) scrutiny ot goods entered to enable t.teni finally to make large seizures. Your attention is respectfully invited.-1 this subiecti Continued fluctuations iu the value of gold, as cornpared with the national cur rency, has a most damaging effect upon the increase and development of the country in keeping up prices of all articles necessary v in every day life. It foster3 a species of gambling prejudicial ajike to national morals and the national finances. If the question can be met as how to give a fixed value to our currency, That value constantly ad uniformly approaching par with specie,! a very desirable end will ..be rained ! ' r- i "' For the operations of the army for the rnr vpur. the exDcnse of maintaining it. the estimate; for the 'ensuing year, and for enntinninor sea coast and other improve ments, conducted under the supervision of the War Department, I refer you to the accompanying report of the Secretary of War y . ! : ; I call your attention to the provisions of . . . rf V. 1 VT--1. toe act oi congress approveu iamtu , 1869, which 'discontinues promotion in the utaff eorDS of the armv until provided for . by law. I recommend that the number of omcers in eacn graue iu iue snu wpa fixed, and h at whenever the number in anv one arrade falls below the number so fixed that the vacancy may be filled by pro motion from the grade below. I also recommend that when the office of chief of a corps becomes vacant the place may be v filled by selection from the corps m whicn the vacancy exists. ; The report ofthe Secretary ofthe Navy shows an improvement in the number .anil efficiency of the naval f rcc, without hia- : terial increase in the expense of supporting it. This is one to the policy " which has been adopted, and is being extended - as fast as our material will admit, of using smaller vessels as cruisers on the several stations. By this means we have been en abled to occupy at once a large extent o 1 cruising ground, to. visit more frequently the posts where the presence of our flag is di-sirable, and generally to discharge more efficiently the appropriate duties of the - navy in time of peaw, without exceeding the numlter of men or the expenditure au thorized by law. ! '- ? r ;r i i During the past : year the navy has, in addition to its regular .service, supplied the men and officers for the vessels of the coast survey, and has completed the sur veys authorized by Congress of the Isth mus of Darien and Tehauntepec, and under like authority has sent out an ex pedition completely furnished "and equip ped to explore the unknown ocean of the North." ' n , - The suggestions of the report as to the necessity tor increasing and improving the material of the navy and the plan recom mended for reducing tho personnel of the service to a peace standard, by the gradual abolition of certain grades of officers, the reduction of others, and the employment of some in the service of the commercial marine, as well considered and deserve the thoughtful attention of Congress. : j " I also recommend that all promotions in the navy above the rank of Captain, be of selection instead of by seniority. This course will secure in the higher grades ; greatec efficiency and hold out an incen tive to young officers to improve them selves in the knowledge of their profession. The present cost of maintaining the navy, its cost compared with that of , the pro ceeding year and the estimates for the ensuing year, are contained in the accom panying report of the Secretary of the i Navy - ; : ' ' The enlarged receipts of the Postofhce Department, as shown by the accompany ing report of the Postmaster General, ex hibits a gratifying increase in that branch of the public service. It is the index of the growth of education and of the pros perity of the people elements highly con ducive to the vigor and stability of re "publics. ! With a vast territory like ours, much of it sparsely populated, but all requir ing the services ol the mail, it is not aj; present to be expected that this depart ment can be made self-sustaining; but a gradual approach to this end, from year to year, is confidently relied on, and the day is not far distant when the Postoffice Department of the government will prove a much greater blessing to the whole peo pie than it is now. The suggestions of the Postmaster General for improvements in the department presided over by him, are earnestly recommended to your spe cial attention. Especially do I recom mend favorable consideration of the plan for unitingthe telegraphic system of the United States with the postal system. It is believed that by such a course the cost of the telegraphing could be much reduced, an I the service as well if not bet ter rendered. It would secure the further advantage of extending the telegraph through portions of the country where private enterprise will not construct it. Commerce, trade, and above all, the efforts to bring a people widely separated into a community of interest, are always bene fitted by "a rapid inter communication. Education, the ground work of republi can institutions, is (encouraged by increas ing the facilities to gather news from all parts of the country. The desire to reap the benefit of" such improvement will stim ulate education. ; : ! I refer you to the; report of the Post master General for full details of the op erations of last year, and for comparative statements of results with former years, i There has been imposed upon the Exe cutive branch of Government the execu tion of the Act of Congress approved April 20, 1871, and commonly known as me lvu Klux law, in a portion of South Carolina. The necessity of the course pursued will be demonstrated by the report of thecommit tee to investigate Southern outrages. Under the provisions ofthe above act, I issued a proclamation calling the attention of the people of the United States to the same, and declaring my reluctance to exercise any of the extraordinary powers thereby confer red upon me, except in case of imperative necessity, but making known! my purpose to exercise such powers whenever it should become necessary to do so for the purpose of securing to all the citizens ofthe United States tho peaceful enjoyment of the rights guaranteed to them by the constitution and the laws. '. After the passage of this law; information was received from time to time that com binations of the character referred to in this law existed, and were powerful in many parts of tho Southern States, partic ularly in certain counties of the State of South Carolina. Careful investigation was made, and it was ascertained that in nine counties in that State such combinatioas were active and powerful, embracing a sufficient portion of the citizens to control the local authority, and having, among other things, the object of depriving the emancipated class of the substantial bene fits of freedom, and of preventing the free political action of those citizens who did not sympathize Tfith their OWn views. Among their operations were frequent scourgings and occasional assassinations, generally perpetrated at night by disguised oersons. the victims in almost all cases being citizens of different political Benfci- ments from their own, or freed persons who had shown a disrxsition to claim equa rights with other citizens. Thousands of ! inoffensive and well-disposedeitizens were the sufferers by this lawless violence. Thereupon, on the 12th of October, 1871, a proclamation was issued in terms of the law, calling upon the members of these combinations to disperse within rive days, and to deliver to tho Marshal ! or' military i officers ofthe United States all arms, am munition, uniforms, disguises, and other means and implements used by them for carrying out their unlawfulipurposes. This warning not having been heeded, on the 17th of October another proclamation was issued suspending the privileges of the writ of habeas corpus in nine counties in that State. . 1 - - Direction was given that within the coun- r ties so designated, persons supposed, upon creditable information, be members of such unlawful combinations, should be arrested bv the militarv forces of the United States and delivered to the Marshal, to be dealt with according to law. In two or saia counties (York" and Spartanburg) many arrests have been made.. At the last ac- count the number of persons thus arrested was one hundred andsixty-eight. Several hundred, whose criminality was ascertain ed to be of an inferior degree, were released for tha m-escnt. ; " y These have generally made con fession of i their guilt, ureat caution nas oeen .exer Hsfid m makinc these arrests, and notwith standing the large number, it is believed Wai HO UXUXMXU.ii UVISVU nv tt u. j uonmj . The prisoners will be held for regular trial in the judicial tribunals of the United States. No. As soon as it appeared that the authorities Jinitnti Kfatpi were about to taKe -.i mnocn rna tr p.nforcG thelaw. many persons t absconded, and there is good eround for supposing that.aU of such per sons have violated the law. A ull reiwrt of what has been done unaer tnis iaw . w m ; be submitted to Congress by Uie Attorney in TTfnii thnrp. still remains a remnant of barbarism repugnant to civilization, to de cency; and to the laws of the United States. Territorial officers, however, have been found who are willing to perform their du t v in spirit of equity and with a due aense of sustaining the majesty of the law. Nei ther polygamy nor any other violation or existing statutes will be permitted within the territory of the United States. It is not with the religion of the self-styled saints that we are now dealing, but with their practices. Theywill .be protected in the worship of God according to the dictates of their consciences, but they will not be permitted to violate the laws under the cloak of religion. It may be advisable for Congress to consider what, in the execution of the laws against polygamy, is to be the status of plural wives and their offspring. The propriety of Congress passing an eu-oWino-art, nnthorizinar the territorial leiris- latureof Utah tb legitimatize all children born prior to a time fixed in the act might be justified by its humanity to these inno cent children. This is a suggestion only, and not a recommendation. , . The policy pursued towards the Indians has resulted favorably, so far as can be judged from the limited time during which it lias been in operation. Through the ex ertions of the various societies of Christians to whom has been entrusted the execution of the policy, and the board of commission " ers authorized by the law of April 10, 1869. many tribes of Indians have been induced to isettle upon reservations,, to cultivate the soil, to perform productive labor of various kindSj and to partially accept civilization. They are being cared for in suclra way, it is hoped, as to induce those still pursuing their old habits of life to embrace the only opportunity which is.left them to a void ex termination. I recommend liberal appro priations to carry out the Indian peace pol icy, not alone because it is humane, Christian-like and economical, but because it is right. ! - - ' . , I recommend to your favorable consid eration also the policy of granting a terri torial government to Indians in the Indian territoty west of Arkansas and Missouri, and south of Kansas. In doing so every right guaranteed to the Indians by treaty should be secured. Such a course might, in time, be the means of collecting most of the Indians now between the Missouri and the Pacific, and south of the British pos sessions, into one territory or one State. The Secretary of the Interior haa treated upon the subject at length, and I commend to you his suggestions. "" I renew my recommendation that the public lands be regarded as a. heritage to our children, to be disposed of only t as re quired for occupation, and to actual settlers. Those already granted have been in great part disposed of in such a way as to secure access to the balance by the hardy settler who may wish to avail himself of them. But caution should be exercised even in attaining so desirable an object. Educational interests may well be served by the grant of the proceeds of the sale of public; lands to settlers. I do not wish to be understood as -recommending, in the least degree, a curtailment of what is being doneby the general government for the en couragement of education. - The report of the Secretary of the Inte rior, submitted with this, will give you all the information collected and prepared for publication in regard to the census taken during the year 1870, the operations of tho Bureau of Education for the year, the Pa tent office, the Pension office, the Laud of fice, amd the Indian Bureau. The reort of the Commissioner of Agri culture gives the operations of his depai t ment for the year. As agriculture is the ' ground-work of our prosperity, too much importance'eannot be attached to the labors of this department. It is in the hands of an able hol, with able assis tants, i all eealously devoted to intro ducing into the agricultural production of the nation all useful products adapted to any of the various climates and soils of our vast territory,and to giving all useful infor mation as to the method of cultivating the plants, cereals, and other products adapted to particular localities. Quietly but surely the Agricultural B ureau is working a great material good, and if liberally supported, the more widely, its influence will be ex tended, and the less dependant we shall be upon the products of foreign countries. The suhiect of compensation to the heads of Bureaus and officials holding positions of responsibility, and requiring ability and character to fill properly, is one to which youfattention is invited. But few of the officials receive a : compensation equal to the respectable support of a family, while their duties are such as to involve millions of interest. In private life services demand compensation equal to the services render ed, and wise economy would dictate tho same rule in the government service. I have not given the estimate for tho support of trovernment lor tne ensuinjr year, nor tfae comoarative statement between the ex penditures for the year just passed and the one just i preceding, because all theso figures are contained in the accompanying reports ,or in those presented directly to Con-- gresSi i iuesu csiunaies nave my ajjpruvai More than six years having elapsed since the last hostile gun was fired between tho armies then arrayed against each other one fur the perpetuation, the other for tho - destruction ofthe Union it may well bo considered whether it is not now time that the disabilities imposed by the XIV amend ment tehould be removed. That amend ment does not exclude the ballot, but only imDOses the disability to hold office upon certain classes When the purity of the ballotis secure, maiorities are sure to elect officers reflecting the views of the majori ty, lido not see the advantage or propriety of excluding men from office, merely be cause they were, before rebellion, of stand ing and character sufficient to be elected to positions requiring them to take oaths to support the constitution, and admitting to eligibility those entertaining precisely the same i views, but of less standing in their communities. '.-" It may be said that the former violated his oath, while the latter did not. The lat ter did not have it in their power to do so. If they had taken this oath, it cannot be doubted they wonld have broken it as did the former class. If there are any great criminals distinguished above all others, for the part they took in opposition to the government, they : might, in the j udgment of Congress. - be excluded , from, such an amnesty. This subject is - submitted for vour careful consideration. The condition of the southern States is unhappily not such as all true patriotic citl zens would like to see.. Social ostracism for opinion's sake,: personal violence, or threats towards persons entertaining polit ical views opposed to those entertained by the majority of the old citizens, prevents immigration and the flow of much needed capital into the States lately in rebellion. Tt will w a hannv condition of the countrv when the old citizens of these States will take an interest in public affairs, promul gate ideas honestly entertained, vote for men representing their views and' tolerate the same freedom of expression and ballot in those entertaining different political con- victions. - " : . Under the provisions of the act of Con gress approved February 21st, 1871, a terr ritorial government was organ izedlin the District of Columbia- Its results have thus far fully realized the expectations of its ad vocates. 1 Under the direction of the terri torial officers a system of improvement haa been inaugurated rjy means or which Washington is rapidly becoming a city ' worthy? of the nation's capltol. The citi .Rates of -A-dvertlslnssj One square, one time, ; k - - - $1 00 " two times,- - - - - " 150 " three times,!- - - - fc 2 00 A square is the tcidth of a column)' ttml 1 inches deep. I JK& Contract Advertisement taken at proportionately low rates. ' 'Professional Cards, notoxcccdlnglBquaic, will be published one year for $12. zens of tho District have j voluntarily taxed , themselves to a largo amount for the pur pose of contributing to the adornment of the scat of government. I recommend.li beral appropriations on the part of Congress in oraer that , the government may I k:u- i i just share of the expense bf carrying ami .i judicious system of improvement, j By the great fire In Cpicago, thin mou . important ofthe government building, in .. that city wcro consumed. Thoso Rui ned had already become inadequate! jto tho wants of the government! in that growing city, and, looking to the near future were totally inadequate. I recommend, there fore, that an appropriation bo made im mediately to purchase the remainder1 of tho square on which tho burned buildings stood, provided it can b purchased at a fair valuation, or provided that the legis lature of Illinois willpasij a law authoriz ' ing Its condemnation for governindn pur- poses; andalsoanappropiiationofakmueh money as can properly; bo expended to wards the erection of new buildings during this fiscal year. i i II The number of immigrant, ignorant of our laws,hablts,4tc, coining into out coun try annually has become so great, and tho impositions practiced upon them so imfher . ous ana migrant, inai i supi nmgri; sional action for their protection. It seems to me a fair subject ot legislation by Con gress. I cannot now state as fully as I de sire the naturo of the complaints made by immigrants of tho treatment they receive, but will endeavor to do so during the ses sion of Congress, particularly if the subject, should receive your attention. It has been the aim of tho administration to enforce honesty and efficiency; in all ; Eublie officers. Every public servant who as violated the trust placed in him, has been proceeded against with all tho rigor , of the law. . If bad men have secured pia-. ces, it has been tho fault or tho system es tablished by law and custom for making appointment, or the fault of thopne who recommend for government positions per sons not sufficiently well known to thenO personally, or who give Jotters endorsing the characters of office-seekers, without a proper sense of the grave responsibility which such a course devolves upon, them. . A civil service reform, which can ; correct this abuse, is much desired. In mercantile pursuits the business man who gives letter of recommendation to a friontl to en able him to obtain credit from a stranger, is regartiod as morally responsible for tho integrity of his friend and his f ability to meet his obligations. A reformatory law which would enforce thin principle against all endorsers of persons for public plaeo would insure great caution in making re commendations. A salutary lesson has been taught the careless arid tho dishonost. public servant in the great number pf pros ecutions and convictions of tho last two years. r - - i '. . - i ' It is gratifying to notico tho fayorablo chango which is taking place throughout the country in bringing to punishment those who have proven recreant! to tf jo trusts confided to them, and in ctcvattng to public office none but those who jpoHscHs the confidence ofthe honeBt and the virtu ous, who it will always bej found comprise tho majority of tho community in which they live. - ' j i In my message to Congress one year ago, I urgently recommended a reform in tho civil service of the country. In conformi ty with that recommendation, Congress, iu the ninth section of "an act making appro priations for sundry civil expense ol tin government, and for other purposes, ap aiy Ic ;i i i i ti the I .if. proved March 3d, 1871, gayc tho n! authority to the Exccutiv to iniin'ir: civil service reform, and placed nil"11 the responsibility bf dohfg so. I ntlcr authority of said act, I convened a gentlemen, eminently qusdiiicd for Iie work, to devise rules ail ivgui;rtiiK effect tho needed reform. Their lai;or4 ire not yet complete, but it Is boliovj'd tli:a they will succeed in devif ng a ph") whi-.h can bo adopted to tho givnt ivJich of tin- Executive, the lieads of dcj; panmcqis aim which wilj-rc-' memuers oi uijre, dound to the true interest oftliopuljlicM i - vice. At all events tho have a fair trial. i dNJ" i iuicill Mia 1 1 r I - I have thus hastily summed iimIIm! op erations ofthe government during jjthc la-l nnnihinfid action will bOWlSO. statesman - likp. and in the best interest ofthd whoh ;rbst ofth( wi V. K. (jRANT. ( whole country, Executive Mansion, December 4th, 1x71. We have received information front an officer of the United , States army, whose statements are entirely reliable, that in one of the counties of North Carolina Samson about one hundred arrests of Ku Klux have been ; made, and that many of the gang aro coming in and making confession, Some of them,, badly, frightened J aro confessing themselves innocent that is, they be longed to the order, but did nofharm, This is a pretty story. (The officer is Of opinion that if the troops had not reach ed the county referred to at tho time they did, the United States Commis sioner and a deputy marshal, who were there, would have been.murdcrcd. Theoatn or tne ku aiux m tins county, a copy of which tho officer lias sent us, is one of the ihost horrible of all these oaths. From confessions made it seems this oath was taken with ouo hand on the Bible and one. cm a, human skull. In one of theso j Dens and- we presume they are all alike there was a vial of blood, the skull of at colored, man, and the skull of a white man. That of the whito nhm was one of Sherman's men, which was dug up. boiled, scraped, and prepar ared for this use. . Washington Chroiiirte. Lieutenant-Governor lowers, of Mis sissippi, assumed the duties . of Gover nor Friday last, on the departure of Ex-Governor. Alcorn for. Washington. One more! Mr. John Quincy Ad ams pronounces for tho " passive poli cy." As Mr. Adams stands no1 chance, since the Massachusetts election, of a nomination in any event, It is a matter of very little consequenco to him whether the policy be passive or oth erwise. - " The Memphis Avalanche thinks that General Frank Blair lias not been very useful to tho Democratic party; "that ' he undoubtedly regards It hia mission to break up' that party," and that if such blunderers as he are to control its action " the masses will hail any break up as for the better." We agree with Hie Cliarlotte Demo crat that a Deputy U. 8. Marshal lias no more right to v.iolato tho law than a' Ku Klux. And with T1e Democrat we favor the punishment oali laV-brcak-ers alike. If we made iany distinction it would be to visit severer punishmont upon the officials than the private citl wart vi7h cTiMtlrl Vn - zen, who should be conv ctedofaviola- tion of the laws. year, and made sucn suggestions an ocem to mo to boi proper for your con.sil rati. n. I submit them with a conUdcnco tliat ynr i