North Carolina Newspapers

(1 ri "; v. .' ! : - ; . ' - 1 k . : ' . - 1 . r . ' - . . ' : H j " ' ' ' ' . ' . - J t ' ' ' ;.'v:- 5-'- fhl-l -:..''. ' - . , I. . j-. - :-i ''-".', . ' . ' fr 1 . .,-. BALK1GH, N. C. TUESDAY, SKPTEMBKH 4, 1877. LZV OZD DOCUMENT. In fonnertimes, before newspapers with their daily reports of current emits were common, it was the habit of mem bers of the Legislature to hare printed and carry home with them for gen eral distribution, a circular letter to their constituents, - giving a brief summary of the more Important acts of that body. This mode of firing an account of their stewardship, was common to members both of the Legislature and of Congress. One of these papers both worn and yellow with age is now before us and is interest ing, not merely because of its age, but be cause of its subject matter and of the dis tinguished man whose name is first signed to it. The letter bears date 6th Jan'y 1823, and is addressed "To the People of CaswelL" It is signed by Baktlrt Tan- czt, of the Senate, and Messrs. B. Graves and, Jakes Yahcky, of the House of Commons. North Carolina never pro duced a more brilliant son than Baktlktt Yakcxt, and nothing from his pen is de- r void of interest After announcing the adjournment of the Legislature as having taken place upon the first of the month, the address proceeds to tell the people what had been done for the benefit of agriculture. Hith erto no encouragement bad been given It save that indirectly afforded by works of Literal Improvement. But at the session of the Legislature just adjourned an act was passed, and by an almost unanimous vote, that the members hoped would re sult in much good. In this act we have the beginning of Agricultural Societies in North Carolina. It created a fund of five thousand dollars a year for two years out . of the moneys received for the entries of vacant lands, and the moneys remaining in the hands of the different clerks and sher iffs in the different counties, belonging to other persons and which should not be ap plied for by the proper owner within three years from the time of collection. This fund was to be distributed to such counties as should form agricultural societies, and who should by subscription raise a sum of : money not exceeding the amount to which such county would be entitled according to Federal population. The money was required to be "laid out by the society in acquiring useful information and award ing premiums to such persons as may ex cel in agricultural improvements; thus dif fusing a spirit of active industry and enter prise highly useful to the planting and fanning interests of the State." So far as we know this is the first legia- , lation in North Carolina looking to the es tablishment of agricultural societies and agricultural fairs in this State. What steps were taken in the several counties to carry out the wise provisions thus enacted we have no means at hand just now of as certaining. It would, however, be well worth the time and attention of some of our agriculturists to ascertain and tell the people what was done under the act re ferred to or whether any thing was done. Mr. Yakckt and his colleagues most cor dially recommended that action be taken by the people of Caswell by the formation of a society fw that county, declaring that the benefits to be derived from such an in stitution would be valuable to all classes of people. Will some friend be kind enough to tell us what ntnows about agricultural -societies in North Carolina and their origin? There weref orty six public acts' and up waidsof one hundred private laws passed at the session referred to.. The taxation of the State is represented as being most un equal and unjust in the amounts paid by the several counties, though 6 cents on the hundred dollars of real estate and twenty cents on the poll was the uniform rate. There were "as many as eight counties in we Duue was aia not pay money enough into the Treasury, to pay the wages of - their members,1 and many others which paid but little more. This was deemed a gftat hardship when it was re membered that "the members of those counties had as much inflruw in the Legislature as eight other counties who , paid almost one-fourth of the whole rev enue."- : With such a grievance as this resting upon them, and with the - knowledge that the constitution afforded no remedy for it, the agitation for a convention to change the Constitution was altogether natural. do great, how,ever, was the power of the East in the Legislature, and so opposed were Eastern members generally to the proposed changes, that it was many long years before the convention was finally called. .The convention, when called, . known as the convention of 1835, was the result of a compromise that placed limita tions upon iu powers, but for which East ern members never would have voted for it. It was the result ' of a long struggle, the history of whose rise and progress would be most interesting even at this day. Will not some one commit to writing, for the benefit of the future historians 4f the State what he knows about the Convention of 1835 and the movement that led to it? It certainly was one of the most interesting periods in the history of the State. ; ' : Everything at that day connected with State Government was on a much more limited , scale than now. The dis bursements for the fiscal year preceding were about $113,000, of which amount it is noted that 156,000 were extraordinary, and not to be expected after the next year. Of the revenues to meet these disburse ments $54,700 came from the Interest of the State in the various Stale Banks, $20, 000 of which went to Internal Improvement purposes and the balance to the ordinary revenue of the 8tate. s ; ; " . -iae it ail tnau we rarely see a paper of more interest. Tax official statement of the receipts and expenditures of the United States treasury for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1877, has just been published. The table shows that the receipts from customs be tween June SO, 1870, and June 30, 1877, were $130,956,403.07, internal revenue $118, 630,407.83," public lands $976,253.68, and from miscellaneous sources $18,437, . 432.04 making the total revenue for the period named $269,000,586.62. The expenditures during the same period were: Civil and miscellaneous $56, 252,066.60, War Department $87,083,. 735.90, Navy Department $14,959,935.08, Interior Department Indians and pen sions $33,240,759.49, interest on public debt $97,124,511.58 the total amount ex pended for the year being $233,0,003.93. The exhibit thus given shows that the re ceipt over expenditures were $30,834, 675.89. .,, BALTIMORE AND SORTS CAROLIXA. We are so sorry and mortified ; indeed we scarcely know what to do save to hide our diminished heads in shame. And it all comes from Baltimore. Do what we will and we poor North Carolinians cannot satisfy our Monumental City friends. They got furiously mad with us last spring be cause we made themjpay a tax like other people for selling their guano down here. But time passed and with the advent of hot weather the manure mixers subsided, and now there is trouble again, and it all comes of those "bonds." An individual, not unknown to local fame, who rejoices in the name of Latrobk, and writes himself Mayor of Baltimore, says we North Caro linians are not honest and don't pay our debts, and that immigrants ought not to come here on that account. Doubtless His Honor the Mayor thought he bad forever squelched us when he ut tered that terrible opinion. How can one million of people with their 50,000 square miles of territory hold up their heads in the face of the disapprobation of the mon arch of the Monumental City ? It is dread ful to think of, but still we will do the best we can. The British authorities abused us in Revolutionary days as the most hard headed, and stubborn, and rebellious people in all the colonies, and still we thrived. Our yankee friends, too, have been abus ing us in very much the same strain, and that, too, we survived. And now the mayor of Baltimore, a city that is daily and hourly seeking our trade, and that thrives and fattens on it, tells us we are not honest and do not pay our debts, and we have the assurance to think we will survive that too. In fact North Carolinians have a way of attending to their own business in their own way, utterly regardless of what other people say, whether it be the King of England, the President of the United States, or even -so insignificant a personage as a Mayor of Baltimore, who had to call to his help both State and Fed eral troops to preserve the peace of his city. .. The facts of the case are briefly these. Certain mechanics and working men of Baltimore, as our readers know, in view of the hard times had determined to emi grate to Kansas and become' farmers when Governor Yasck extended to them an in vitation to turn their steps southward and find homes and hearty welcomes in the old North State. The press of the State also enforced the invitation with whatever of 'power it possessed, Colonel Bkaklkt, of Baltimore, acting meanwhile as the Agent of our State Board of Agriculture and Immigration. ; ; The representations made to the would-be-immigrants created an impression on them and they paused to , consider whether it would not be well far then, to change their destination and go South, and in their dilemma sent a com mittee to Mayor Latrobk for advice. He advised them first, generally not to go anywhere, and second, especially hot to go to North Carolina, among a people that would not pay their debts. The milk in the cocoas ut is, that Mayor Latkobx is the owner of certain North Carolina bonds that be bought as a specu lation below their face value, and now be is mad, and uses his official -position to gratify his spite and malice against a peo ple that he thinks has done him a wrong as an individual, by disappointing his hopes of making money. Colonel Bkaslst called upon him to induce him to modify or qualify his expression, but the Mayor was as stern in his wrath as the manure mix ers, and would not modify worth a cent. The Colonel seems quite exercised about the Mayor's position in the premises, and so do' sundry citizens, business, men of Baltimore, who foresee great damage to the trade of that city from the continuance of such insults as our people have re ceived from that city for some time past. The apprehensions of the business men are doubtless well founded, and we ven ture to say that the North Carolina trade with Baltimore will by its diminution, at no distant date, show how capable are our people of appreciating and resenting in sults. Baltimore, since the war, has pros pered beyond her most sanguine hopes. How much of her prosperity is due to North Carolina trade,: she may soon have an opportunity of ascertaining. It may be that she will find out that it was worth keeping only by its loss. When the war ended there was the kindest feeling toward Baltimore, but even the kindest feelings will not long continue under repeated in sult. Unlike Colonel Bkaslst, however, and the Baltimore merchants, we care nothing for what Mayor Latkobx -says. He may abuse us to his heart's content, provided only it shall be printed in the newspapers in that city and excite talk and comment and discussion. All we desire is to pro voke inquiry, and to turn men's attention to the menu and demerits of North Caro lina as a home for immigrants. In a word we desire the State to be advertised. Ad vertising pays in every business. Mayor Latkobx, therefore, in our judgment, while seeking to do us harm has done us the greatest good in his power. He has advertised us, and done well and cheaply, too, and we thank him. We take It that all the men who desire to emigrate from Balti more and Major Latkobx are not fools, and if they be not, some one of them will see that a people who are unwilling to burden the citizens of their State with on er us taxes, are not after all such a bad people to settle among as might be sup posed. The Mayor has given as a good advertisement, we say, and at very low rates, and Colonel Bxaslxt needed not to have made any explanation as to the po sition of the State in regard to her public indebtedness. The Colonel, however, did not ' seem to see that the Mayor was a blessing in disguise, so be "explained" and "defended" as vehemently and so North Carolina is the latest Baltimore sensation. Victoria, Empress of India, is finding Iter great domain a costly prize. The gov ernment has already expended some forty millions of dollars for the relief of the sufferers from the Bengal famine, and the expenditure is still going on at the rate of half a million pounds sterling a month. As then is little or no prospect of im provement for six months or a year the outlook is a gloomy one, not only for In dia, but f or'. England, wb commercial and financial prosperity Is so largely de- pendent upon her great empire in the East. It was a mean, man .woo said it just mean enough to be a Bourbon, we suspect. It is pretty hard on the brethren, but we musttelL, He was talking about Indepen dents, and this is what be said i "An Inde pendent is a man who wants to be respect ed as a Democrat and elected to office by Radical votes. AH Independents, as a general rule, are efikeseekers." AIT JMPOR TAST BJC VOL XTTI OS A R T PAPXR irouyjK It has long been known and lamented that so much of the proof of the part that North Carolina took in the movement that led first to the Revolution, afterward to the independence; of the American States, was hid away in the private papers of our ancestors. - . --j.-. j ; ' A striking instance of this fact has just come to our knowledge In the discovery of a document that places our forefathers be yond question inlthe very forefront of the movement for independence from British dominion. It fixes beyond a doubt that independence was the leading idea of the men of North Carolina as early as the year 1774; that if they did not declare it at that date it was jfrom prudential motives slope, the cooperation of other States be ing of course necessary to the accom plishment of their purpose. The names signed to the paper are well known as those of the prominent men of their day in the State and the genuineness of their signatures in very many instances can be easily proved by inspection and comparison. This paper, it may. be as well to state, not a mere copy but an original, with the signatures in the proper handwriting of the signers, and in some Instances with the dates of signing attach ed. The paper fought to be preserved with the greatest Care and photographic copies made of it The paper wai found by Captain Applk. ton Oaksmith, of Carteret county, on the 8th day of Miy last, while searching among some old! papers at the house of CicxK Grkkk, Esq., at Clear Spring, in Craven county, which house' was erected and occupied by Mr. Grub's great grand father, Javxs Grkkh, Jr., of Revolution ary fame..; The document is in good preservation, apparently in the handwriting of Ricbaxd Caswxul, being first signed by him, and one hundred and eighty-five prominent patriots of the State, of Revo lutionary times, among whom are Wilux Jones, CoRirziius Haksxtt, William Graham, HzzzkIah Alkxaxoxb, Robert iKwiif .Zaochxcs Wnxsos, Johh Bbxvabd, WAieBTsnu. AvxxT, Joskph Hxwks and Johh Skvixk. The following is a verbatim copy of this precious document : : EXCLARATIOH. "We the Subscribers do declare that we "will bear ffaith ! (afc) and true Allegiance "to the Independant State of North Cam 'Tina, and to the : powers and authorities "which may be jesUblisbed for the. Gov ernment thereof ; And we will, to the "utmost of our powers, maintain and de 'f end the same against Great Briton, and "all other Powers, Enemies to the United States of America. And this we do most i i - ; "Solemnly and Sincerely declare without "any Equivocation, Mental Evasion or "Secret reservation whatever." We regret that we are unable at this writing to present the names of all the signers of this! Declaration. We hope however to be able to do so In a few days. When it is remembered that the first Con vention or Congress as it wss called, that was held independently of Royal authority in North Carolina for redress of grievances, met on 25th August,-1774, and was held in Newbern, tbe inference is a strong one that most of the signatures were then and there obtained. We bee leave to suggest to- iCaptain Oakssctth that it would be a most graceful act : for him to present the document to the His torical Society of North Carolina. We know of . no other repository so appro priate. With this document before them, signed in 1774. declaring for independent govern ment and a readiness to fight for it, no one need be surprised at the ability of the North Carolinians to conduct the brilliant campaign that culminated in the battle of Moore's Creek, in February, 1776, nor at the Mecklenburg Declaration in May of the preceding year. MR. TURNERS BOOK. We beg leave! once more to call atten tion to the fact that Hon. Josiah TraaxB contemplates reducing to writing and put ting in book f ornrwbat he knows about the Holdxs-Kibjc war, and we may truly say that what he does not know about it is not worth knowing. Of the cruel treatment extended to the persons unlawfully arrested and imprison ed in loathsome fduageons in midsummer heat, during that war, Mr. Tckhzk can speak from personal experience, for be was one againstj whom special spite and malignity were exhibited. Nor is. there one not a party to them more familiar with the secret; springs and causes that led to that infamous era In the history of the Suite. I s The book will doubtless be a most inter esting one a book by such an author upon such a subject cannot be otherwise and we trust It will meet with a large and ready sale. We need not remind North Carolin ians, that though in later days Mr. Tub- btxk's course has been somewhat erratic, that there was ajtlme when he served the State in a manner most acceptable, and that ought to be long gratefully remembered. An opportunity is now offered and a suit able one, too, for the people of North Car olina to show in a most appropriate way their grateful appreciation of distinguished services rendered them boldly and fear lessly in their hour of direst need. We sincerely trust, therefore, that subscriptions to his book wilTpour in upon Hr. Tcbxxb from all parts of the State until not only shall the success j of his enterprise.be as sured, but also a handsome competence with which to meet the hard times before us all. Thx New York World thinks it is about time "that some thoroughly competent person, like General Joskph E. Johxitos. who commands the eonfldence of lfce Texan people aid whom the Mexicans will not attempt to trifle with, should be sent thither with 'full powers to examine into and report 'on the true state of af fairs." Matters on the Rio Grande must be get ting pretty badly mixed, when a Southern Rebel General l thus publicly called upon by a Northern paper to supersede so truly toyal aa offlcer as General Oao, , To an inquiry as to the reason whv French leather is the best, The Journal of Commerce announces that the works on tannins: ascribe the special excellence of rrencn and German calf, skins to thi fact that the skins come chiefly from domestic animals that have been better cared for than the same stock in this countrr. The skins are also more carefully removed, and the handling, tacning and finishing are done with greats attention Jo method and details. - )'''." : DEATH Or ADMIRAL SEMMES. Our telegrams this, morning announce the death of one who lived and died with out a superior In American Naval Annals. Admiral Sxhmes was born in Charles county, Maryland on . 27th September, 1809. He entered the United States Navy as a midshipman in 1826, became a lieu tenant in 1837, and a commander in 1855. In 1884, while awaiting orders, he studied law and was admitted to the bar at Cum berland, Md. During the Mexican war he served both on board ship and as an aide to General Wokth, At the outbreak of the late war be re signed the Secretaryship of the lighthouse board at Washington, took command of the Confederate steamer Sumter' at New Orleans, ran the blockade at the mouth of the Mississippi, and on July, 1861, cap tured several United States merchant ves sels in the Gulf. He then went to South-' ampton, England, where he was for some time closely watched by the United States steamer Tuscarora. When he put to sea the Tuscarora was detained 24 hours by the British authorities, after which she followed him to the Straits of Gibraltar, and so closely blockaded him in the port of Tangier that he sold bis vessel and re turned to England. In August 1862 be took command of the now celebrated Ala bama that had been built for him at Birken head, England, and manned by an English crew, and entered upon that splendid career that has made his name famous throughout the civilized world. On Jan. 1, 1863, off Galveston, Texas, he engaged the U. 8. Gunboat Hatteras and after a abort action sunk her. On 19tb June, 1864, in an engagement 9 miles off the French harbor of Cherbourg, be encountered the United States steamer Kearsarge, Captain Wixs- lw, and the Alabama was sunk. Adml ral Skmhxs was taken off by the English yacht Deer hound and carried to England. Admiral Sxira as captured 65 vessels in all valued at $4,000,000. The damage done to American commerce by the Ala bama gave rise to the "Alabama Claims" which were settied by arbitration between the United States and Great Britain at a cost to the latter government of near $16,000,000 in gold as the penalty for per. mitting the cruisers to escape from British waters. And to this day the United States commerce has not recovered from the heavy blows given it by the gallant Skmhxs. But time, and space both fail us to give even a brief outline of the great exploits of this great Southern sailor. After the close of the war Admiral Skmhxs entered upon the practice of the law in Mobile, Alabama. He was arrested and taken to Washington In December, 1865, and there Imprisoned four months, when be again returned to Mobile. He has delivered public lectures in various places, but has mainly devoted himself to the practice, of the legal profession since the war. But bis chums to fame rest not only upon his merits as a sailor and as a lawyer. He is an author also Of the highest distinction. In 1851 be published "Service Afloat and Ashore During the Mexican War," end in 1852, "Campaign of General Scott in the Valley of Mexico;" in 1869, in Balti more, be published "Memoirs of Service Afloat During the War Between the States," which is the great effort of his life as an author, a book that would aktoe ensure immortality to his name. It is he work of a master-mind, and elaborates he principles of intematioaal maritime, law with a clearness and a precision that wil make it a standard authority for all time to come. A HEW DEPARTURE. Attention is directed to the call for a convention of colored citizens proposed to be held hi this city on the 18th of next month, printed elsewhere in this 'morning's Ob skkvkk. The call states that its signers believe the educational, material and moral advancement of their race requires Imme diate consideration, and is Issued by a number of the more promineut colored men in the State to devise some plan by which the abjects in view can be accom plished. If we are correctly informed the pur pose of the convention is to inaugurate a new departure on the part of colored men, the promoters of it having come to the conclusion that the interests of their race demand that their hitherto blind following of a few designing leaders shall come to an end. What the movement will result in we by no means pretend to be able to foresee. We have never taken much stock in any -attempt to convert colored men to Democracy for the. simple reason that our knowledge of that race has satis, fiedjis of the entire folly of any such at tempt. We have been satisfied that the enlightenment of the negro as to bis rue Interest must be the work of time and would be retarded . rather than promoted by interference oh the part of white Democrats. In all matters save those pertaining to government the negro has been willing to listen to the advice and counsel of Southern whites. In political matters, however, he has always turned a deaf ear to everything said to him by us for his good. ? Whether the time has come for a differ. ent state of things wt cannot say, we can only hope that it has. We have none but the kindest feelings for the people of the colored race, and not the slightest wish or purpose to deprive them of any of the rights guaranteed to them as citizens under the Constitution, either State or Fed eral. The platform that we have stood upon and that we still stand v apon involves no hostility to them, but is perfectly consistent with the utmost de sire to do everything for their welfare and advancement. We hope, therefore, that the proposed convention will result in great good to the race its members will repre sent and to the State of which they are bow unquestionably citizens;' and if in Any way wa can aij in bringing about a result so much to be desired it wjll give us the greatest pleasure to render it, ant that, too, without stint, Id devising plans for the accomplish ment of their political freedom, . however, we are still of the opinion that efforts on the part of white men, Democrats- we mean, to give shape and direction thereto, will do harm rather than good. Affairs are still in such condition that the negro must work out his own salvation In freeing himself from the bondage under which he has lived to his Radical political master. The colored people know full well the platform upon which the Democratic party stands In regard to them, and it is for them to say whether the few white men who con stitute the leaders of the Radical party give promise of being the better counsellors, friends and advisers. The question is with them, and we propose for them to decide as to thenf may seem test."V;; ) ; T repeat therefore once more that in every movement wai in our juugiucu tends to promote the educational, moral and material welfare of the colored race, we stand ready to lend a helping band ; for the rest, that is to say in advising with them as to their political, or rather their part'" affiliations, we have, nothing to say. This is a free country, and our col ored friends must choose their political affiliations without' any avke or' angges tion from us. -!- - ----- .... DEA D-BEADI8M. We agree most heartily with very much that our correspondent from Charlotte says about the evils of dead-headism. Indeed, we have gone so far as to say thai we would be glad to see the use of a dead head ticket on railroads made a penal offence by public statute as the only means of breaking up what we regard as a most pernicious practice, and to this conclusion there were many things that brought us. . Few men not aware of the operation of the system of free railroad passes to mem bers of the Legislature know the expense to which it has subjected the State in prolong ing the sessions of that body.- It coet members nothing to go home, and the re sult was. that in too many instances they got leave of absence, went home, attended to their private affairs and - drew their pay regularly all the time. It hardly ever happened that any important public meas ure could be perfected without a postpone ment to give timj to bring up 'absentees, when but for the free railroad passes there would have been no absentees. That ab-' senteeism prolonged the sessions of our Legislatures no man familiar with, the facts may doubt. We are glad to say, however, that the recent amendment to the Constitution limiting the session of the Legislature to sixty days will go far to ward curing the eviL . Bat that is not the only thing we object to in the free railroad pass system. . We would heartily rejoice to see the day when not a public official in the service of the State would travel by the courtesy of the owner of. transportation lines.. If they have to travel in the service of the State and their salaries do not cover the expense, let them be paid mileage. If they travel as private individuals let them pay as pri vate individuals. We honestly believe there cannot be too much scrupulousness in the dealings between Legislators and other State officials and corporations that are constantly asking favors at their bands.' Personal courtesies that are followed by official favors are always regarded, and very naturally too, with suspicion, even' though there may be no connection between . them, and it is well for all officials to avoid even the appearance of eviL And we would apply the same rule to Edi tors of newspapers also, in its utmost strictness and for the same reasons. But there is another reason that would control us in regard to editors. ' Editors do indeed get free riding, but the railroads get free advertising, and we would willingly pay for all the free riding we get if we were paid for all the free advertising we do. We are opposed to the whole system of dead-beading in the newspaper business as not in keeping with that high standard and perfect independence of action that should characterize it We are perfectly well aware that we get by far the worst end of the bargain, yet we are free to admit that it tends too often to disarm criticism. There is nothing that tends so much to In dependence of thought and action as. the habit of paying as you go, whether among newspaper men, or legislators, or other State officials. We know nothing of the particular case referred to by our : correspondent, and therefore we do not desire to be understood as intimating that the proposed measure failed through any undue influence. We are simply giving our views upon dead headism and its evils as a general propo sition, and without reference to particular cases., CtorraspondeoopTHsOBSxBVKa.J Lixxsvuxk, N. C Aug. 24, 1877. Messrs. Editors j Two weeks ago I left the swamps of the tide-water region. where everything was flooded by the late incessant raina uuor we coast ana sounas. The corn crops in Currituck. Camden and Pasquotank: were then promising an aver age yield if the rains should cease, as the have since done. Coming up, I found the crops-very much Injured in the counties of Perquimans, Chowan and Washington. Leaving the Albemarle section, the crops of corn and cotton appeared unusually nne, especially in Martin, juagecombe, Pitt, Nash and Wilson. I was glad to learn that those counties along the W. & W. Railroad are beginning to grow more wheat and small, grain ana less cotton. This year they raised nearly or quite enough for their own consumption. As an evidence of this fact, I traveled with a drummer representing a Baltimore floor bouse, and he told me that in that section where he once sold hundreds of barrels of flour he could scargely get an order for ten barrels now. This ig an evidence of returning prosperity. Those people have been encouaged by this year's experience to increase tae acreage lor the next crop. Litt oiner secuons ao.iiKewise and use the money which they have been spending iot iiuur iot puxuuuung aucn tilings as iney cannot grow upon weir iArms. When I reached this Pee Dee section I found really a fruit country. I have never before seen so much fine fruit I am feast ing on it daily, and am using as a luxury wdn . umsbb peopie regara as one oi me necessaries ol Hie. ' - I wss surprised to find the country so rolling and hilly as it is here. Some of the scenery is perfectly beautiful, and the climate healthful and invigorating, -but as a farming community it does not favorably impress me; the lands look too pale and oata-neaata, ineugn i am toia cotton yields very well and commands better prices tnan ue cotton oi any other section of the State. RXVIYAL EXV. THKODOKK WHTinXID. When I reached here I found a revival of reliirion in dtocrh at tha Par TW Baptist church, under the pastoral charge oi t, . .n. r. vood, assiaieu ny tier. Theodore Whitfield, of Charlotte. Mr. Whitfield did most of the preaching, and wnn grew power ana emciency. w After listening to him day after dav. I was forced to the conclusion that the Bap tists of the (State do not Drooerlv armrerj. aiesomeoi toeir aoiest ana neat men. T have heard the ablest divines and most effective pulpit orators of the Baptist Co ventioBS of North Carolina and Virginia, also of the North Carolina and Virginia vwuvomxw v& woo a. unuiciif a, nave listened to their best men under most fa vorable circumstances: but never, at in uiue ur piavo, una u ueeq my privilege to listen to mora earnest and able expositions of the word of God. than those delivered by Mr. Whitfield during these mmtinn .2 .1 I - 1. . ' .. V Indeed, they were the best series of revival sermons I have ever heard. Mr. Whitfield is a graauaie oi our state Univeraitv- was at one time Professor of Greek in a Missis sippi college afterwards he was chmmn principal of. the Blind Institute of the State of MiagiAappi, hut was decapitated, a were mm outer oficiai neaos qt U)& State, by the radioat element which came to the surface just after "reconstruction. He is a ripe scholar, a good theologian, a profound thinker and an earnest ekxraent preacher. -'-'''",". ----- 1 will visit the gold mine near this nlaee. in a few days, and write voa concerning it- i m 1 . . . . u uui veuar urees Acaaemy now in .. . VlATOK, i - , I ti i . . . .- 1 1 1 j f parrespondenoe of Thb OBBBmvxm. T i 1 1, I Nxw York. Angust 27. '77. ri ''cults. Editors t ' I have been wat (jng with great interest the progress tow xi la completion oi two vaiuauie m vea 'cai by North Carolinians. One of thej fa) just passed a successful trial be- luq ii te.auuiuriuet! oi wis city, vou is lain r "o i tf f . the woods." About the other! boi iipon to have something to say. The cod 1 ed one can hardly be said to have anl -ft Jue in our State, for it is a "Water Me 'fe -r- i or - machine for measuring: . the qui lits. of water flowing through a tube. fust' aii gas is measured by a gas metre. In Ian j cities, however, where there is seal aiy of water, an accurate machine of ; at value, and even here, where, water U? xi hiipally abundant, metres are required by ; ff f manufacturing establishments. It tha i) te shops at which these trial metres Wei j joade pay a water tax to the Croton Cot hiny of. $1,800. A metre for such cod oi iters as this is therefore a desidera tum understand that 17,000 water Bio Vj of another pattern, were, lately con iaeted for in San Francisco. Well, the .li . venter, of this, the most perfect and M curate and cheap water metre, is a rial eftjlorth- Carolinian, and he has been bao al.i by an accomplished gentleman wbj though an Englishman by birth, has bee j .'long and in. every way identified wit 'j :fforth Carolina.' I allude to Gen. Col It! Leventhorpe, a well known and cat at Confederate officer. The inven l Hi , JOiLS U. UUtSKJUIT, wai h; Wight up at Leaksville, N. C. and Uv f there till lately shewed great in- ten Kb 'ability as a boy was taken , out of thtt tnfederate ranks and placed on duty in i. j government gun-shop in Danville, Vaj 5 : signalized himself when thereby nut feious useful inventions, and particu larl 1 1 by a . machine for making cotton can ill: livor his guidance In this difflcult entj arise be bad no other aid than a very par m observation of a machine in mo tiof uHe - set to work without having bee U permitted to see the interior and ma? Aj.'ed to create the movements, and to pro: asei perfect cotton cards. After the wai..kt brouirht out. in connection with Dr", B i Field of Leaksvule, an engraving mat line-which made a great stir in lifew Yot tand the Eastern States. A costly mat (ijie, when just . finished, was burned in ( e' great Boston fire. Subsequently mat ti'ioe, and on an entirely different prin clpl land having different uses. The last trio ipb of his skill is in this water-metre. whl h has just gone through a most suc cess id test bv the Officials at the Croton X yard. - The invention of a perfect Tfrarjf -metre is a problem which has occu- dmEjot many years the best mechanical tale-T of the world. ' I C filing from Brooklyn yesterday after- nbo. a beautiful Sunday I, rode and wai ed through several avenues and streets 1 L . .- 1 . .1 1 . 1 mt nicn -, tenement nouses auounu, tue drei if uL homes, if they may be called sue ; of the laboring classes. There were tbo sends of children, and many older pe$ h?t perhaps in the proportion of one to if ft,' They seemed to be enjoying them- seu -t0 the fulL 'but they were so oiner eni: lit appearance from the people I had sos) ! in the parks for the two preceding nun wf- . l hey ; were evidently several dee ks lower in the scale of means, as wel At of intelligence. But it was so plea- san t ( see so many people enjoying them st;i ,$To them the street, not always aba n, Jing in pleasan odors, is a happy coa 1b from the foul atmosphere of a boqiteint which two or three hundred hu mai - (eings live in small rooms and too oftiadirt. H. i iftzz? 1 1 P?rER FitOn CHARLOTTE. f 1 1 . .-'Destd Hem4ikiBU '. ' f ' (Correspondence of Thb Obsbbvxb. f f 1 1 Chablottk, Aug. 30, 1877. ,1; zestts. Editoes: In your issue of the 9U Hnst, under the title oi A dead hea rii-dministration,' you copy with com met hearty approval an article from the; Brooklyn Eagle; containing some se ven Strictures upon the Bresident and his cati $et ffor allowing . themselves to be "df jLhead' in. their recent journeys tbrt. jgh the North and East I don't p ro pe ; to find ' fault with anything you or the! 8-rooklvn Eaate mav have to sav in eotf ;iination of this evil practice, which has! .riwn.to such Vast proportions of late yea; ij My only desire is to incite you to a fi 0fou8 denunciation of it, and through yqu ft a stir up the other papers in this 8ta I to make war upon a practice so frat jht jwith evil to our State and coun- job five years ago an effort was made toe' efct the passage, of a bill through our levit 'ature, the purpose of which was to givi security to life and property of the citui fi of our State, and especially of thoi j iwno lived on the lines of the rail road 1 -who were subjected -to heavy losss f !bf stock as well as of 4abor and. materials furnished- the rail roadffwben they sought redress for the claims ifc the courts. Thoy were ad viso it was use leas to sue, as the railroads weri mortgaged for more than their vain j and a judgment would not avail then, " The remedy suggested in the bill that ires submitted was a bond with suffi- cieh) sureties resident in this State from ever Corporation engaged in ' transporta tion a this State which was under mort gage' :When a citizen injured by the cor pora ' $,iin person, or property, bad recov ered: j judgment, and nothing could be mad by execution, then be could resort to tiv i fitoond. I am informed that the gentf uan through whom it was .offered Stats, hat it was not possible to get a fa- voral je report on it Irom the committee, and i "J died in the committee 8 room. It wi .j thanifestiy a measure of vast im port! ICS to a large Class of our citizens. and i K. which clearly tended to make in- solVf jt corporations more careful of the uveal H i IPeir passengers, and more pru- aenc n the seiecuon ot their othcers. l et it cch ld not get through the committee. Woe -nBK Obskbvkb first began its career l v T l.i J n i .1.: -u had awn in journalism for some years, anai yvy tnaa nopea it would occupy me , nigner lauiuaes or lournausm. and ) jn say with sincerity that it has not altoa tber disappointed those who desired and Wted it would fill that aching void. You; ae; not shrunk from exposing with out f St or favor what you thought in the line i i irour duty to the public to attack. Youf juji be ignerant of the fact that for some, years, past all the officials in our State; executives, Jadicial and Legislative !J- j 51 1 . - w iiue r pur raiuvaus on tree passes.- in the yj jt, number of officials in our State I have; pdYt heard of . two gentlemen who felt tt M the aoceptanoe of these free passes migh ljub1ect them to the ausninion ,f loiprx r inuuence, ana therefore refused to act ipt them. Far be it from me to sav that i $ of the excellent gentlemen who All IV . --OT ... n w iviLuuiBj puBiuons ln.our JLxecutivp, Legis jtave or Judicial bodies, could be imprt Writ infraenced bv such a naltrv mn. Laidert fcoj but the trouble is that it sub- jec ; )wn to tnat suspicion, and when a weax; f other falls into the hands of these Denet, cut corporations he might yield. ma ijoor sjor their advantage. It is far bettexd wiser to follow the example of inaiuyrgnt Old Judge, Sir Matthew Hale, who y Me sitting as Judge at the assizes, was q qe the recipient of a venison ham. A cas was shortly afterwards called in whica wbs donor figured as one ef thn nar. ties. -Mtfhe stern old Judew adioirn1 th. vwuvrjreiunwu uk uauiui veniaxmand fhen yarned his seat upon the bench readyftear and "determine toe-cause. I am nouol jyour opinion in rearard to Pre sident rlayea. and I have ho idea thai Hith er he tany member of his Cabinet could do inn 3?aced by any such consideration as ridingl Tom Scott's car or being dead beadei rrer his hne of milmari Whiu k adnilni Ration Is not all we can desire, yet it is p ity itself compared to Gen. Grant, whoeet private life and public character Were C.ttiuallv offpnuivn in th una. tnls p ilthe whole nation. But in regardlr 1 this dead-heading I desire to see i tout journal, as the leading one in! cjth Carolina, lead off'to the" at tack sf every official in this State who cames ja. dad-bead - pass. It - is also right tiitrlke at the highest mark, but dont i D f there, strike Dearer home, and keep o striking till no public offlcial in this SU jl will carry such a pass. There is no neetwf a constHutiooal amendment to suppress yt if the pabhe journals of oar 8tate xvi array themaelvea against this practice. The man that holds one of these passes of the railroad company, must feel that it was not a mere gratuity, and while I am sure that many gentlemen would not be deterred from a conscientious discbarge of his duty, though he holds such a pass, yet it requires moral qualities which are not always found in our officials to act contrary to the interests of the corporation under such circumstances. I nope I shall call forth your views on the subject pro oonapuoueo. ' ! Tours, ' Uses. : -a LETTER FROM HOOBE COUNTY. (Special correspondence of Thb Obskbvkb. 'Cakthaqk-.N. C, August 29, 1877. Mkssbs. Editors : As the lawyers some times say,! you "anticipated" my letter from this place by publishing in the last issue of your weekly an article on Moore county from that valuable State exchange the Fayetteville Gazette. ' I was congratu lating myself on the interesting letter I was writing, about the . "sand-hills," the soil, the products, the people,' &c, when to-day on opening Tax Observer, I find that my labor has all been in vain; and in the language of Lord Dundreary in that popular play, "Our American tjousin, when prevented from "sneezing, he said, "JToto you've epoiled it." " So I must say with regard to my letter, for you've very much spoiled it; but as newspaper men are expected to write interesting letters and articles whether they have anything to writeabout or not, I must obey your orders and "write a letter. i THB COUNTY in point of square miles is almost as large as its mother, Cumberland, from which it I wss- taken in 1784, and was named in honor of Hon. Alfred Moore, late one of the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Moore county has been the birthplace of many noble, self-sacrificing men, among whom Were the Overtons, Mears, Mc- Intoshs. Gilchnsta, McKenzies, Mc Neills, Tysons, Persons, the Dowds, and mahv others. General f Willis D. Dowd was elect ed to the House of Representatives in 1830; during that session he formed the acquaintance of, and a very strong attach ment for, Jonathan Worth, late Governor of North! Carolina. After serving that that term, General ixwd did not repre sent the county again until low), in iook ingover the list of members for 1860, Jonathan Worth was the only man elected who was there in 1830. t I CARTHAGE, the capital; of the county, is quite an old looking place; the court house is a large brick structure situated on a hill. The streets, if such you would -call them, are very sandy, hut being pretty well shaded, the effect of the glare from the sun upon the sand is somewhat broken. There 'is a well of most excel lent water in the court-house square, and from the quantity of water drank, I must come to the conclusion that Myers' 'Berry Foster" had a thirst creating pro pensity, i ' From "Main street' as Miss Laura Tillett calls it there is one of the grandest landscape views 1 ever saw. On the east, for twenty miles, the hills of Chatham county are plainly visible, while on the west the slope gradually rises, and being covered with pine, gives it very much the appearance of the Blue Kidj3 mountains. The town numbers about five hundred inhabitants. There are three j CHURCHES, Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist The colored population have one also, jus); out side the corporation. THE BCGGY FACTORY of Messrs.! Tyson & Jones turns out as fine work as any in the State. They supply that whole section with riding vehicles, in connection; with their factory they have a large steam mill in which they saw and dress lumber, grind corn and wheat and gm and pack cotton. These are enterpris ing men and have the confidence of the people. Prominent among the citizens of Moore county is One I desire to make special mention of and hold him up as an example, not only to his own race, but to the whites also. I allude to . ADAM TYSOU, ' , a colored man, formerly a slave of Thos. B. Tyson, f He and all his family have re mained with their oldjnaster and perempto rily refused to leave. At the close of the war he was living on a farm of about 250 acres, which his master,.Thomas B. Tyson, had purchased. Adam has, since the war, purchased and paid for this farm and is out of debt and doing well. He is esti mated to be worth about $6,000 ; he has sir children and is giving them all pretty fair educations. He makes his supplies at home, is wheelwright by profession and works in the buggy shop all the time. He is about forty-eight years of age, and as soon as the bell rings the hour to stop Adam takes his band cart and shovel and goes orer town gathering up manure, which he preserves and has hauled as much as one hundred two horse loads, thus gath ered, upon his farm in one year. With Luoien lysonl rode over Adams farm and will take this occasion to say that his crop of corn was as good as any I saw in the county; ' We went to bis residence, a large two story building, where his wife gave us some splendid buttermilk. Adam is a strong Democrat never voted any other ticket has as good credit as any man, can borrow fouo as soon as his old master, and last though not least; Is a subscriber to Thb Daily: Obskbvkr. - In gold land copper, Moore county is equal, if not superior, to any other in the State, and - the specimens shown me by Mr. Lucieri Tyson, which were taken from the mine of J. Warner & Co., when placed on exhibition in the Agricultural Depart ment at Raleigh, will it is hoped, attract capitalists to this section. I learn that Messrs. Warner & Co., are working their mine very profitably, and that other owners of mines are also making prepara tion to go to work after the precious metal ; with this letter I send you a com munication from a prominent gentleman in the county.1 on the subject of mining. I must hurry through as I am informed the mail will close soon. , THX OQUKT. Judge Ai S. Seymour arrived here Sun day afternoon and opened Court promptly I wvuuoj! luvtuiug (a .aw . v slta A-LAo charge to the grand jury was pointed and seemed to be delivered with much ease. He dispatches business very rapidly. and it is thought that he will pretty gen erally clear up the docket Many old State cases that had been standing for years, he ordered to be noiprofd. On the criminal docket there were 103 cases ; civil trial 85 ; and appearance 34. The highest offence charged on the criminal i . i - uucaet is larceny. . " i THB BAR is ablv rebresented. The realifont law yers are J. D. Mclver, J. A. Worthy, J. C Black and A. R. McDonald: James C. Mcrlae, NJ W. Ray. Col. C. W. Broadfoot W. A. Guthrie, of Favetteville: CoL J. W. Hinsdaje, Capt 8. A. Ashe, of Ral eigh; HonJ John Manning and H. A. Lon don, of Pittsboro; M. S. Robins, of Ashe- ooro; .Weill AicKy, or Harnett B. F. Simmons, of Troy, and Solicitor Pember ton, of Albemarle. A. H. McNeilL Esa. . is Clerk of. th Court, and: J. J. Wicker, Sheriff. Both of these gentlemen are efficient officers. J- M. Monger, ex-Shereiff of the County, is; running the hotel, and from appearances is doing much to build up the reputation of the hotels in Carttuur: I was the guest of Mr. Lucien Tvson. to whom and his estimable lad v. I am in. uouwu iut iuanv Kindnesses. tj " ' ' The attendance at court was large, and I hope you will not think. hard of me for saying that Thx Obskkvkb is the paper the people deshre to read; It seems to be a uuuseuuiu worn wiw many oi we people in this section. : I was pleased to meet with Myrover, of the Gazette, he is a clever fellow, and f or side-splitting jokes he is entitled; to the key. I was glad to tearn from him that the Gazette was doing welL !. , . 7 Should anything of importance trans. pire, I will communicate to you. 1 j I It A. LKIGH. BkaBDT DlBTIUTKAMr. ' Edward 2yoeller, the Deputy Collector of this Dis- nc, miqcms us tnat there ate no distiller ies in operation this vear in his division of the 2nd District including the cqunties of Edgecombe, , Wilson, Martin and. Pitt, In Edgecombe there are 27; Wilson 21; Pitt 11 and Martin 7. This shows a con siderable falling off compared with last year'a. Wiiom Adtaneo. - LETTEB FBOn WILIIISCTOV. Corresoondence of Thb Observer i -J- Wilmington. Aug. 30, 1877. . Messrs. Editors: "I always read "H's" letters from Mew York city with pleasure The very interesting one from him in The Observer of the 28th inst, reminds me of a remark the nonl Hugh Wadrleli; of this city, once made to me. Mr. Waddell was. speaking of Mr. Gales's wonderful powers of memory and mentioned that " when Mr., Webster was making one of his great speeches the one' doubtless tQ which li. refers Mr. Gales assumed a peculiarly attentive attitude in one of the. Kun;iica. iinuucu uescriDeS 31 r Gales as standing upright, against a pillar with his thumb on his lip and his eyes fixed intently on the orator. Mr. Wad dell, who was present, says he watched Mr. Gales closely, and that he did- not move a muscle during the speech. When' Mr. Webster ceased Mr. Gales snatched up his hat and hurried to the National Intel. Kgencer office. The next morning a most perfect repert of the speech appeared. Mr. Waddell'8 memory is scarcely inferior told me when he read the National Tnji Ugeneer that morning, it seemed to him the speech had been given verbatim et' literatim. Our people feel great interest in the 11 COUNCIL OF THB EPISCOPAL CHCRCH which convenes in Raleigh the 12th of Sept The main subject for discussion will be the division of the Diocese. I wish it could remain as it is now, and was when the grand old Bishop Ravenscrpft first pre sided over it It Seems to' me, knowing Bishop Atkinson as I do, that he could control a diocese twice as large by the power of the reverence and. admiration his tcij picacui iuouua. nub L uiU3i QOt allow myself to write of Bishop Atkinson to you. I would fill a column before I knew it for, although I have had many an aspiration, I have longed above almost everything, else, to give utterance to one sentence (hat would express my esteem and reverential love for him in words worthy of the man 1 In passing, let - rhe compliment your proof reader. I have not known his equal in this State. I observe the Star "endorses ' the com pliment 1 paid j ICV.LAITIKR.KSQ.. in a recent communication to your paper. The writer of the endorsement in the Star is doubtless Mr. Kingsbury, who has, I expect, been a friend 5f Mr. L.'s all his life. In a private letter from Mr: Lanier, received since my letter to The Observer appeared, he speaks in such' modest terms of his own deserts, that 1 could scarcely realize that he was in earn est Humility is a rare, a very rare trait in a man who has received the universal respect that has always been tendered to Mr. Lanier: Mr. Kingsbury says be is perhaps the first equity lawyer in the State, and is a fine Greek, Hebrew, Latin. French and German scholar, possibly hav ing besides some acquaintance with Span ish and Italian. I am not urging 3Ir. Lanier's claims for the Judgeship in, this letter. I simply desire Ito let The Ob server's influence give a proud example to the youths of North Carolina for them . if. rr: i : 1 : . w emuiaie. iur. a.iugsuury gives mm w Virginia, and in the main he is right; but I contend that North Carolina has a prior claim on him. His ancestors were Huguenots. who found a - refuge in Eastern North Carolina, and lived there a number of years. There is another phase of 3Ir. L.'s character,' which, taken in connection with his other characteristics and accomplishments, makes him a peculiar study, lie. is the bluest kind of a Presbyterian, conducts prayer meetings with great fervpr, and can coin pare as a theologian with the. generality of the ministers in a church, whose Theolog ical Seminaries insist on an extensive and thorough courke. To be able to say this of a lawyer is something remarkable, lie is a very conscientious man, and to make my own conscience perfectly clean after having written so much about him, I will add that if he ever is Judge or Chief Jus tice Lanier and finds . out the' culprit is a Presbyterian, I am inclined to believe that the sentence will be as merciful as justice will permit. But everv great man has his crotchets. I only hope that North Caro lina will claim a hundred sons as gifted, as learned, as high-toned and as pure, bo fore the next centennial. In glancing over this letter, I observe that I have strewn the pages with' compli ments to different persons. Do not think I approve or follow this course universally; I do not; but I have talked recently a rreat f fM) 1 with ft crnrui f pir-n1 I'll ! Viia n-mi., I don't think he will get mad Col. Ed ward Cant well, whose forte is compliment ing people. "Evil communications" you know the rest After a person has walked a square with the ColoneL seen him actually stop ladies to tell- them they are looking remarkably handsome." or trembled for him when he would button hole a cross-looking lawyer who had just lost his case and tell him what an able ar gument he had made, or wondered what be meant when he lifted his hat to a little black-eyed vender of flowers and tell her her beaqx-yeaux were as blue as the vio lets in her boquet that person cannot help flattering everything visible till the effects of that walk has worn off. Par parentht sis, the Judge, or the Colonel, or the llor," Edward Cantwell I use the title Colont 1. for he was a gallant brave Officer in Mexi co and in the Confederate States army and got the other titles from the liads. - sticks to his lately professed Democracy ngm loyaiiy. i always inougnt tnat his Republican "principles," aa he calls them. were about as genuine as his compliment" to the little dark-eyed flower girL But there was one time when CoL Cantwell failed to flatter Gov. ! Vance himself, though his intentions were the best. The" incident is worth relating. I was inyited, as an amateur artist to draw a portrait ot Vance for a transparency. It was last summer when the town was ablaze with enthusiasm for Vance and. the ticket, just before the election. I knew I could not do the Governor's countenance justice, and I hesitated td commence the work, but a number of experts (?) volunteered to help me. 1 he bead was to be of a size that would fit the neck of a Goliath ! -. We be gan the work, and after wielding iny crayon half an hour, I contemplated the outline of a giant Vance's profile with pa- mwnv, Huuiiiuiuu, wucu in waiKeu Col. Cantwell and declared he detected a grave fault in the shape of the picture's nose, and expressed the opinion that he was a better artist than all the rest of us put together. I yielded my crayon to him cheerfully. He worked five minutes, and i was never afterwards able to coax back to the canvass the slight resemblance the- original sketch bore to our Governor. . When the transparency was finished, if I had not written Z. B. Vance in giant capitals under it the face would have pass ed for that of a horse thief or bandit, seen' through a microscope !. ; CoL Cantwell was to blame for it The sentiment of the part of the crowd that had never sven Vance was,' "If he looks that way I swear I won't vote for him." Uosmos. TrtlTTT . -i-.v twnt. T ..t. rt " I ' J . .1 num. v. .waj&IVA JK A XX A U&Ain. .111. .1 1. 1 A. Ka af V. t .V I1 1 A hit .... 28 persons to every square mile. Europe . numbers 309,178,300 souls ; Asia 824,543, 600 ; Africa 199,921,600; Australia 4,784, 600: America 85.519.800. The combined populations of 1876 exceed those of 1875 about 27 millions. '1 he inhabitants of va rious States of Europe are divided as fol lows : Germany, 4'3,723,000 Austria-Hungary, 37,700,000; Switzerland, 2,609,147;, Holland, 3,809,527 ; Belgium,. 5.336,634 ; Luxemburg, 205,153 ; Russia, 71,730,980 ; Sweden, 4,383,291 ; Norway, 1,802,882 ; Denmark, 1,903,000; France, 36,102,921 ; Great Britain, 35,450.000 ; Spain, 16,551, 647; Portugal, 4,298,881; Italy; 27,482,174; Monaco, 5,741 ; the Republic of Andorra. 13,000; Turkey in Europe, 8,500,000 Roumania, 5,073,000 ; Servia, 1,377,078 ; Montenegro. 190.000 ; Greece, 1,457,894. The poDulation of Turkey in Europe, Asia and Africa reaches 47,600,000 souls, of whom 20,500,000 are divided between Egypt, Tripoli, and Tunis, and 13,000 in Asia. The population of Russia is estima ted at 86,586,000. or 900,000 over the... population of 1875. The population of the British Indies numbers 289,000,000, that of China, 405,000,000, and that of Japan 83,299,Q15, - London has 3,849,428 soufs ; Paris, 1,851,792; New Ycand Brooklyn, 1,535,622 ; Berlin, 1,045,000. , Dried Peaches. It is estimated that Georgia's dried peaches this year will be worth f 1,500,000. !