JHE WEATHER
For Raleigh and ' Vicinity:
Fata tonight .and Tuesday, with
Terjr little change in tempera
tore. .i: . . . ..... .-. i.. . . .. .
' For North Carolina: Gener
ally fair tonight and Tuesday.
LAST-
v - ma,-'--- - f 1
EDIT IOIj!
ESTABLISHED 187&
RALEIGH, N, C, MONDAY, JULY 11, 1910.
PRICE 6 CEHTb.
Double the Number of Paid Subscribe of Any Other Newspaper.
PASSEUEER "
Three Men Killed In Wreck of
Fast New York . Central
Train
ENTIRE TRAIN DERAILED
Train Derailed by a Car Door Which
Had Fallen on the Track From a
Freight Train Engine and Three
Cars Demolished and Ten Other
Coaches Derailed--Engineeer, Fire.
. ' man and Baggageman Killed
Tied l"p Traffle on All Four Tracks
of the System. ' -
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Newton Hook, N. Y , July 11
Three men were killed early this
morning when express train No. &
ot the New York Central and North
ern and Western Express,' bound for
: Ihiffald was derailed near here by a
car door, which had fallen to the
track from a southbound freight.
The engine and three cars were de
molished and the ten other cars were
all derailed, every passenger aboard
being shaken up and one, badly hurt.
The dead:
James Tyndal, Rensselaer, N. Y
engineer; died under surgeon's knife.
Robert Holmes, Rensselaer, fire
man, scaled to death..
" John Ray, Croton, N. Y., baggage
master, killed as the baggage car was
smashed; '- ' " v "' v - ' '
The train, which left the Grand
Central Station, New York, at 12:03
a. m., was making sixty miles an
hour on a level stretch ol track when
tne'accident occurred. A slight curve
prevented the engineer from seeing
the obstruction on the track till i..e
pilot was on top of it, according to
the trainmen.
The operation on Tyndal was per
formed at the side of the debris, a
giasB plot being turned into an op
erating room by the four surgeons
who were hurried here from Hud
son, eight miles away.
While the passengers struggled to
straighten their individual affairs,
the engineer's crushed leg was ampu
tated as the shrieks of his fireman,
trapped under the steam-filled en
gine, harrowed the spectators.
The wreck tied up traffic oil all
four tracks, necessitating a detour.
Northbound traffic was deflected at
Hudson to the Boston & Albany road
and southbound traffic was carried
over the Boston & Albany to Chat
ham, entering New York over the
Harlem division. . :
It was said that the tracks could
not be cleared before afternoon,
though a big force of wreckers was
struggling with the debris at top
pressure. , ' .
One of the first to arrive on the
scene was Coroner George Rogers, of
Hudson, who dircted the removal of
the bodies to Hudson.
Medical aid was called from Pough
keepsie, also, and several of the pas
sengers suffering from shock needed
treatment. They were taken in a
Kpeclal relief train to Hudson, where
the Journey was resumed in a new
train. According to the few words
murmured by the engineer between
the time he was found at the side of
the track and the moment of his
death, he jumped for life at the in
stant of the crash. He did not save
his lite but he avoided the terrible
death met by his fireman.
Caught In the wreckage of the en
gine's cab, pinioned under ' red hot
iron bars, Fireman Holes directed the
rescue work as long as he retained
a clear mind.
With the choking, blistering Bteam
all about him, Holes called encour
agement to his fellow trainmen as
again and again they were beaten
back in their efforts to reach and ex
tricate him.
The babbagemastar was killed in a
whirl of death with Nlying trunks in
the closed car. In the overturned
and splintered car, he was found
crushed beneath a pyramid of trunks
which had been piled upon him after
being shaken about like dice in a box.
His bady was badly mangled.
The work of taking out his body
was hazardous, because of the piled
(Continued On Page Fire.)
DEATHS FROM HEAT
Several Deaths From Heat
of Yesterday
Many Thousands Slept in the Open
Last Night, Trying to Gain Some
Relief From the Sweltering Heat.
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
New York, July 11 Seventy-five
thousand men, women, and children,
fagged out by the hot wave, slept on
the sands of Coney Island last night
When dawn came,, bringing the pros
pects of another scorching day, fully
half a million people were sleeping
in the open in Greater New - York
the tenement district fire escapes
and roofs were- crowded ;. every park
had Its full quota, and the great
bridges of the East River were lined
with thousands craving a bit of air.
The prospects this morning were
for another day as severe as yester
day, when, in all the sweltering east
more than 30 were killed by heat
and 30 persons were drowned.
In spite of a sudden drop in the
temperature last evening the outlook
in. Philadelphia this morning, accord
ing to weather bureau reports from
there, was for a day at least equalling
yesterday, when 13 persons perished
from heat three more than died
from the same cause in Greater New
York. .
A good percentage of the 500,000
people who crowded Coney Island yes
terday remained through the night.
At midnight the police estimated that
fully half the maximum crowd was
still at the beach, and of those who
tried to get away, thousand were
kept till near dawn by the congestion
of the transportation system.
More than ,75,000 -however made
their beds on the beach, with no
thought of starting to leave till the
sun was well above the horizon.
The humidity hung in a blue mist
almost as thick as a fog early in the
morning, and the .ambulances were
clattering through the streets before
the heat was well started.. The hos
pitals were prepared to out-do their
work' of yesterday, when more than a
score or serious prostrations anu
many of less Importance were hands
led. The belief of the physicians of
the ambulance service; based on the
experience of many hot spells, was
that today would bring a longer ros
ter than any of the four previous
scorchers of this heat wave, unless
there were a decided drop in the
thermometer. The promise of relief
for New York and New England by
nightfall, in the way of a cool spell
coming from the west, brought a ray
of hope.
Full reports received today of .yes
terday's casualties show the follow
ing: Deaths from heat: Philadelphia,
13; Greater New York, 10 ;Washing-
ton, 1 ; Boston ,; Poughkeepsia, 2;
Scattered, 5 Total, 33.
Deaths by drowning: New York,
5; Philadelphia, 3; Scranton, Pa., 2;
Oswego, N. Y., 2; Lake Placid, N. Y.,
1; Connecticut, 7; elsewhere in New
England, 8; scattered, 3 Total, 31.
Four Deaths in Washington.
Washington, July 11 Four deaths
and 31 prostrations is Washington's
contribution to the heat wave, which
broke early today after sizzling and
baking the city for the past three
days. The cool wove from the Great
Lakes and Ohio valley regions, pre
dicted by the weather bureau, , ar
rived during the night.
There was one death yesterday and
seven- prostrations, ine tempera
ture in the past 24 hours climbed to
103 degrees.
Hot In Connecticut,
Plalnfield, Conn., July 11 The
thermometer registered 104 degrees
here today. Drouth prevails, through
out the state and all crops are being
ruined. Streams and wells are run-
ring dry.
Eleven Deaths in Lowell.
Lowell, Mass., July 1 1 Eleven
children have died in this city In the
past 24 hours as a result of the heat
wave. ,
There were 30 funerals Sunday and
today. At the Lowell General Hos
pital at noon the thermometer regis
tered 98.
Ten Deaths From Heat.
New York, July" 11 Ten persons
died from the heat in Greater New
York today, bringing the total of
deaths caused by the extreme heat
wave in the last 36 hours up to 20.
Big Elks' Meeting.
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Detroit, Mich., July 11 Thirty
thousand Elks, from all over the
United States, are in Detroit-today
for the annual convention of the or
der. Atlantic City is the principal
contender for the 1911 meeting.
j A' U
1
Thiuldci-.s K. York, the forger who
was - .recently captured in .Seattle,
Washington. York owes his exposure
and art est In u monkey wrench left
behind him on one of his jolts. It
was used to lighten the plates of liis
artificial foot, and the detectives Ity
running down UOO of these wrenches
finally captured him. He is onP of
(lie most skillful forgers in the coun
try. The authorities of many states
have sought him vainly for several
years. - .
T
KILLED BY VICTIM
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Chicago, Ills., July 11A bandit was
.hot and killed early today by Elmer
Cooper, a motorcycle salesman, 635
west Sixtieth street. Cooper had just
taken leave of his fiancee. Miss Cath-
ryn Rush, when he was held up by
two men.
Cooper, after being knocked down
drew his revolver and fired. He shot
one of the bandits through the fore
head. The wounded mail fell to the
ground, while his companion fled.
An element of mystery was inject
ed In '.the case when Cooper told the
police, that it was the second attack
since July 3. The first attack oc
curred when he was leaving the home
of Miss Rush. On the night of July
he said, he had been waylaid and
air attempt made to bat him. On
this occasion, however, he said, there
were three young men,, fairly; well
dressed. To guard against another
attack he purchased a revolver.
SOME WO.MEX CANDIDATES.
Two Women Candidates For 'County
Office in Wisconsin,
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Milwaukee, Wis., . I illy 11 Fol
lowing the decision of Mrs. Nellie
Archibald, of Ashland, to run for
treasurer of her county, it is an
nounced that Racine county will have
a woman candidate for county office.
Efforts are being made to induce Miss
Helen Blythe, deputy clerk of the cir
cuit court for eight years, to seek the
republican nomination for clerk. Miss
Blythe has been promised the sup
port of scores of democrats and re
publicans. Mrs. Archibald, of Ash
land, has been acting deputy treas
urer since the death of her husband
who was treasurer. The : attorney
general says that is no law to bar her
candidacy. -
KAISKK WITH MADKIZ.
German Emeror Approves the '-Mail-
riz Faction.
(By Leased Wire" to The Times.)
Washington, July 11 Emperor
William, of Germany, has put the
stamp of his approval on the Mad-
riz faction of Nicaragua's revolution
ists, the faction that is being secret
ly supported by former President Ze
laya and the one which it is said the
united States will never recognize.
This approval of the German em
peror is made through a letter ad
dressed to Madriz in which the em
peror congratulates him on his suc
cession to the presidency. Coupled
with, this incident is the announce
ment that Madriz has offered an is
land to a European country as a coal
ing station providing that the Euro
pean nation takes - a bold stand- in,
combatting the policy of the United
States l Naicragua, . .
I'lll REMOVE MAYOR
, t : .t P ! ' .if.;- ?.
Governor Harmon Will Take
Action Against Alherton
Is cinvinced That Me.Ui Mayor Alh
erton aud Sheriff Linke Failed in
Their. Duty to Their Prisoner.
I
(Br Leased Wire' to The Times)
Columbus. O., .lulv 11 Mavor
Herbert Atherton, of Newark, will be
suspended from othce by Governor
Harmon today. The suspension wit.h-
Out Juulit will result in his uiiiuiuie
i emov'al. ,
Governor Harmon, immediately
upon his .return yesterday from his
summer home in Chailevioux, Mich.,
from whence-he came to investigate
the Newark lynching,, visited Newark
in company' with Adjutant -General
Weybrecht, George S. Long, his sec-
ictary, and Lieutenant Chamberlain,
of Troop B. There he visited the
county jail: examined It .thoroughly
and riddled Atherton uiul County
Sheriff William Linke with questions.
While the governor was reluctant
to make -any definite statement, he
said that he would take action today.
That Linke and Atherton, by a series
of conflicting statements and mean
ingless' explanations, fell down In
their effort to justify their inaction
during the riots is patent.
It. is believed charges will be pre
ferred by citizens of Licking county
against Sheriff Linke. The governor
does not possess the right tu take the
Initiative In the removal of a sheriff.
Telegraph messages ...formed a solid
stream from their offices to the gov
ernor's office today. They fame from
all parts .of the state and the senti
ment of each was "remove Mayor
Atherton' and 'Sheriff Linke from of
fice". The message came from Sun
day schools, 'Sunday school superin
tendents,.-''teachers,':, ministers, busi
ness and professional meu.
Excitement in Newark, which has
been rmp,-rnt since Friday night, has
been greatly abated and the ctiy has
resumed normal conditions again.
ACCIDKNT TO COACH.
Fell Over lOO-foot Embankment
With All Passengers Aboard.
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Yosemite, Cal., July1 1 1 three
women and a man, injured yesterday
whert the Yoseniite Valley stage
plunged down a 100-foot cliff at the
Devil's Elbow, today are under close
guard at the hotel 'El. Portal. Every
effort to conceal their identity Has
been made, but it is understood that
two of the women are wealthy east
ern tourists. ; -
The seven other passengers and the
driver were today declared to be re
covered from shock and other minor
injuries. It was said that, had the
coach, in its terrible fall, gone a
yard further, it would have fallen
into the Mercedes River, and the four
inside the vehicle the guarded vic
tims would probably have been
drowned. Only jumping saved the
others. '.
COMPLAINT AGAINST KATES.
Commission Merchants Charge That
Coast Line Charges Unfair Rates.
(By Leased Wire to The Times.)
Washington, July 1 1 Complaint
was tiled today with ' the interstate
commerce commission by the Na
tional 'League-; of Commission Mer
chants against, freight rate charges
by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
and its affiliated lines on car and loss
than car lot shipments from Charles
ton, S. C, and surrounding points to
Buffalo, X. Y., and Pittsburg,, Pa.
The Commission Merchants charge
that the present rates are unreason
able and discriminatory.
Contract For Binding Twine.
(By Leased Wire to The Times)
Washington, July 11-The postof
flce depart nient today awarded a
contract to the Planet Mills Manufac
turing Company of Brooklyn, N. Y.)
for 1,125,000,000 yards of binding
twine, involving an expenditure of
$225,000,
: Philip Lindnieyer, of Baltimore,
was awarded the contract for 700,
000,000 facing slips at $39 a million
slips.. ; . ' ' -
Can't Suppress Pictures.
(By Cable to The Times)
London, July 1 J Home Secretary
Churchill, replying. to the request of
Sir Holwell Dalies -that the exhibi
tion, of the -. Johnson-Jeffries prize
fight pictures be prohibited in Eng
land, today replied , in. the commons
that he had., not the.. power t4 take
-aucb, action, , ,
I rs "r Iff
Henry M. Hoyt, counselor of ilie
State llepartineiit of Washington,
who is o"" of the prominent jiossitiili
ties as a successor to the lute Melville
Weston l-'iillci-, Chief .lusliie of the
Supreme Court of tlie 1'niled States.
It has been l're(iieiitly staled that Mr.
Hoyt would ceilainly receive an ap
pejiitiiient to the Iieinh helore the ex
piration of Mr. Tu ft V term of ifliee.
Mr. Hoyt was Solic itor General before
entering the State Department. .
Tl
T
I By-Leased Wire lo Tlie .Timer-V
Havana. .Inly 1 1 - An iipriKini;
against the Gomez neiverlinieiit which
was jlnnned to break out in several
diflei-enl. .provinces' was llnvaried. to
day, Ilie police declare, by'. the arrest
of 'Colonel Joi'sie Vulera, u inula: to,
and six othr-inpn. most of tliein col
ored., . . .. " ..';
The nieii ,-wenv arrested on their
way to Vi-ja llerineja, in M.alanzas
lirovince, where the pulire assert
they hud a shipment- of arms and
dynamite f-roni i (avnn'-awa.ii i.iiif tliein.
Letters have been discovered which
are said lo ".implicate several promi
nent' men -in. the plot.
The arrest , of . ! he jant ior of the
medical school of-. Havana I'niverslly
has led to the . -discovery of a large
quantity .of. .dyiini'uiie, which' is be
lieved lo belong lo the .plotters, . .
I OK WOMEN POLICEMEN.
Woman . I list ice of l lie Peace Thinks
That idea a (Mini One.
( l!y Leased Wire lo The Times.)
Chicago, .Inly 1 I "A niericah girls
should be taught Ilie art of self de
fense." said Mrs. Katlierine Waugli
iMi-Culloiieh, justice of I lie peace at
Kvanston and vice president of the
National Suffrage- - Association.. . Sne
had heard thai I'talliniore is consid
ering the advisability of adding wo
men "cops'- to the regular police
force.:: ::
"It would be a great thing for the
women of this city In have a member
of laeir own sex in (iutliorily in case
they- need help,'' said Mrs. McCul
loili,' and I think the idea of wo
men police niight be an excellenl one,
until we fair get the more powerful,
protection of the ballot aiid the-right
to serve on juries."
She is in favor of ,t lie suggestion
of the 'woman's suffrage i-liili of Bal
timore and its-president., Mrs.--Emma
Maddox Funck. w ;m introduced the
idta of women police in order to rid
the ..streets of Halt iniore of. Ilirls and
oglers.
KXOX AND HIS HltlDK,
Have Left - Providence For Good,
Going to'ountry lOstalp of the
Elder Knox. : r
(By Leased Wire to The Times).
Providence, R. ; f., July 1 1 Phi
lander C. Knox, Jr., and his Provi
dence shop girl bride, ''May Bowler,
have left here for good,
Young Mr. and Mrs. Knox are pro
vided for on the country estate of the
elder Mr. Knox near Washington for
the time beingi at least. Just before
departing from town a visit was paid
the mother' of the bride, who is npw
the vrlfeN.of ' a night-watchman, and
there wasa farewell dinner and the
impressive announcement ,'Uy Mrs.
Knox;s mother that "tins house will
always be open to May, and lo you,
too, Tip." !
J. R. WINDHAM DEAD
Was Accidently Shot Thursday
and Died Saturday Night
I'racticiillv No Hope Had lSeen Enter
tamed l or H is Hecovery Death
Hesulted From - Complications
( a used 'liv I he Shot Buried at
Mcn v Oaks This Morning.
Mr. .1. It. Indham, who was ac
cidoniiillv shot at Cary last Thurs
dav uMeriioou, died Saturday night,
about halt past eleven o'clock.
Air. Windham, who was 44 years
old, was a -loreman of a construction
fjaiif; on the .Seaboard Air Line.
I hursday afternoon, after quitting
work. he'., went" to his car for supper.
Hanging .on a nail in the car was Mr.
Windham's, coat, in the pocket of
which was a heavy Colt's revolver.
In passing the coat it was knocked
down, striking' the door on the ham
mer, and was discharged, the ball
entering Mr. Windham's, right hip
and ranging upward came out just
above the right breast. Medical aid
was summoned,: but it was seen that
there was little chance of recovery.
He lingered' along through Friday
and Friday night., and on Saturday
Dr. Hubert .Koyster, of this city, was
called in consultation by Drs. Mc
Donald and Templotoii. By this time
serious complications had set in, and
after an-, examination the physicians
announced ibat there was no hope.
Death (-nine about 11::!0 Saturday
night.
The body. -was taken to Merry Oaks
yesterday afternoon and buried this
morning.
Deceased is survived by a widow,
one son ami an adopted aauguier, an
of whom were .with him at the time
of deal h.
AVIATION MEET.
Christiansen Moikes lOng Flight Coy
erin 81 Miles in a Little Over
Two Hours.
I By Cable to The Times.) . -Bou
rnemoutu - Eng.; " Jwly H 1
Aviation week opened .here with a
flight by Christiansen, who after be
ing two hours 'continuously in the air
with his aeroplane working perfect
ly, promised to eclipse the record
breaking performance of Olieslagers
at Kheims on Saturday.
Willi $ -I2,"it)0 in prizes hung up, it
is expected that many record per
formances will be seen here during
the week. Among the aviators wlio
are entered are C. Grahame White, J.
Moore-Brabazon, C S. Holls, J. A.
Drexel, of Philadelphia, .the" Hon Al
lan Boyle, F. S. Cody, Captain Ber
tram Dixon, G. A. Barnes, C. E. Col
more, Cecil A. (Jrace, R. Jones, Alex
ander Ogilvie, A. Kawlinson, .1. Rad
ley, M.: Audemars, M. Morane and M.
Wagner. . .
Prizes are offered ; for distance,
speed, altitude, siarting, alightiug,
sea llight, weight, carrying, general
merit; slowest circuit .and competitors
assistants tests. .
Christiansen alighted'' after cover
ing eighty-four miles in two hours
and twenty minutes.
.1. A. Drexel in the altitude compe
tion rose to a height of 1,950 teet.
Bomb Outrage. -
I lly Cable to The Times.)
Frahkfort-oii-Main, .1 uly . 1 1 The
discovery of a bomb, Willi fuse siz
zling, on the window sill of the main
police station at Starke, near here,
today threw that town into panic.
The fuse was extinguished barely in
time to. .prcvc.nl a c.Haslrophe.
Recent bomb outrages have ..made
the inhabitants of the disirict " ner
vous. .
Fighl On Moving Pictures.
( By Leased Wire to The Times, t
Boston, Mass., July 11 The tre
mendous sjiread of tae movement by
gun here by the United States Society
of Christian Endeavor to prevent the
'presentation of the Jeffries-Johnson
tight films is indicated by figures
comimted in this city showing th.it
cities, states and countries with a to
tal population of at least 2,"), 000,000
have alreadbarred the pictures.
- -
Noted Astronomer Dead.
(By Cable to The Tillies.)
Berlin, July 11 Johann Galle, for
two generations a noted astronomer,
died today, aged ninety-eight. He
was the discoverer of the planet Nej)
tune and of three comets. i
Nineteen Killed in Wreck.v
(By Cable to The Times)
Askabad, Asiatic Russia,, July 11
In a train wreck on the Trans-Caspian
Railway near KUilarwatt today
19 persons were killed and 31 In
jured.
LOEB SEES ;
TlFi TODAY
Loeb Is Expected to Tel the
President Where Mrl
HEIS ANXIOUS TOKHOW
Loeh Says He is at Beverly to Discuss
the General Political Situation
With Mr. Tuft but Without the
Knowledge of Mr. RooStevelt Be
lieved That Loeb Has at Iieast a
General Idea of What Roosevelt Is
Aiming at President - Wants to
Know Just Where His Former
Chief Stands IiiiHrtant Confer,
ence Before End of the Week.
(By Leased Wire to The Times.)
Beverly, Mass., July 11 A confer
ence, the political effects of . which
may be far-reaching, is being held at
Burgess Point today, between Presi
dent Taft and William Loeb, Jr., col
lector of the port of New York, and
the one man who knows intimately
the mind of Theodore Roosevelt.
According to Mr. Loeb's statement,
1 1 v i.i.iii. o 1. 1. . i nuuvub i in.' nuifniUQD
of Colonel Roosevelt to discuss the
general political situation. Back ot
that there is understood to be a pur
pose to put the president in posses
sion of at least a general Idea of what
Roosevelt is aiming at. ' . . .
The advantage of a Taft-Roosevelt '
atllance -would be-mutuaL.J ',-..
The Colonef would beeneillted bj-
the supjiort of th federal patronage
wielder in New York state.- Tail
would gain by the prestige ot being
backed by his predecessor.
The. president is credited with a
desire to understand just where his
former chief stands. Recent events
at Oyster bay and the news dispatches
that have crept out of Beverly have
lut both Taft and Roosevelt consid
erably up in the air. They are work
ing at cross purposes, which is not de
sirable to two men, both of whom are
anxious for the success of the: repub
lican party at the November, elec
tions. : .-.
Recognizing the right of Colonel
Roosevelt to exercise the rights of an
independent private citizen as he
lileases, and with no desire to ques
tion the Colonel's acts, the president
at the same time has a natural cur
iosity to know just what Roosevelt
projiosed to do in order: that he may
shape his course accordingly. :
Hence this conference with Loeb,
who came here at Secretary Norton's
invitation, though with the full
knowledge and aiqiroval of the presi
uent. The explanation of his con
sent to speak for Beveridge of Indi
ana, which was allowed to creep out
here Coincident with Mr.r Loeb's ar
rival is believed to be an indication
of the trend that affairs are taking.
A -.speech for Lodge, the reaction
ary, to be matched by a spdech for
Beveridge, the progressive, is suppos
ed to represent Roosevelt's desire to
steer a middle course.
In political jiarlauce, it is believed
that: before the conference is ended
this afternoon there will have been a
show down. Taft and Roosevelt will
then understand each other perfectly.
Incidentally, if will be definitely
decided, it is understood shortly after
Loeb's return to New York or follow
ing the conference at Oyster Bay to
morrow between Roosevelt akd Gov
ernor Hughes, whether the. Taft- '
Roosevelt-Hughes combination is -to
lock horns with the Barnes-Woodruft-Wadswortli
combination on the prop
osition to make Loeb the republican -standard-bearer
in New York this
fall. ";.; -. ' .,
Loeb will leave here in time to get
the 5 o'clock train for New. York out :
of Boston. ''' v , '
The conference to be held before
the end of the week, between the
president, Secretary Mac Veagb, Attor- ;
ney General Wickersham, ant Secre
tary of Commerce and Labor Nagel.
will be, it was learned today; one or ;
the most Important that has. marked -the
administration of Mr. Taft. -v ,
The object of the conference la to
lay out plans,, for settling once add
tor all the Alaskan situation, and tn
(Continued on Page SU.) ,' ,-'