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AND ' 1 Oun are the plaM pf fai'deltghtrol peace, Unwiirp'd by paity rage, to live like brother. "Monday, September 10, 1804 No. 250 Vol. V- 'from the Nation S OF THE. vkSPECTlf STATES. imnortance to the n for irnai improvements. S iSSA governments ; but !chlknder those exclusively SSr the general welfare. Nothingan be more congenial .to tespifof aican govern- Lent A tht application, of- re ToTMdcrv from all to the be nefittof all. There, is moreover, so inVimat a connection between Jlic.am personal interest that it iV perhaps, impossible, to advance the 01 without promoting the o- tft Ji a country whose numbers are emending with; an unprecedented ripidity, and which is so advanta geously situated tor an internal in terchange of productions, as vel as for external commerce, there can be no improvement on a liberal and prudent scale, whatever the expence, that will not eventually, and at no very remote period, in demnify the cost, while it diffuses benefits to an almost inappreciable extent among tne community gene- j rally. r . .. r The experience of England on this subject is conclusive. In th at country, there has been scarcely a canal or a turnpike formed,- w hich has not liberally rewar ed the ad venturing individuals, and in some instances, there has been a remu eration in a short periocLqf above one hundred per cent, on the capi tal expended ; in addition to the incalculable appreciation of land bordering on the new canals or roads. It is true that, in some cases, a considerable number of years-have elapsed, before any material .'. profit accrued j but the progress, though gradual, has been sure. : This would be the cause in the existing: circumstances of our coun- . try. A roacl could not, perhaps,! 1' i t " 1 1 1 - 1 . De juaiciousiy iaia out ana turn piked that would not ultimately re numerate adventurers ;. though it is probable that in most instances, there would not be a competent in terest immediately paid in the .shape of tolls; ' j t- No canal or turnpike can be made that will not immediately draw the attention of. land-holders to the improvement of their pro perty, that will hot give rise to Seats of trade and manufactures, and afford convenient and regular ductions Lands in the neighbor hood will immediately increase in Value, by being brought into the ; market, -by settlements being ex tended, by emigration, and by the great convenience and accommo dation which increased population can alone bestow. The enlightened author of the Nature4 and the causes of the wtalth of nations," observes that " good f aadsi canals, and naviga ble rivers, by diminishing the ex pence of carriage j put the remote parts ofthe country more nearlyvup on a level with those in the neigh bourhood of the town. They are ppon that account the greatest of improvements.' They encourage &e cultivation of the remote, which tist always be the most extensive circle of the country. They are vantageous to the town by break- In.- 1 1 . 5 uown tne monopoly ot the untry in its neighbourhood. Iney are advantageous even to jat part of 'the country. Though ;jey introduce some rival comnuo dlles imo the old market, they JPen- many new markets to its pro Uce Monopoly, besides, is a enemy to good management 'Uch can never be wniversally es Intelligencer iURE tablished but in consequence of that free aad universal competition which forces every body to have re course to it for the sake of self-defence. It is not more than fifty years ago, th.at.sbme of the coun ties in the neighbourhood of Lon don petitioned parliament against the extension of the turnpike roads into theTeiiioter counties. Thbse remote counties, they pretended, from the cheapness of labor, would be able to sell their grass and corn cheaper in the London market than themselves, and would thereby reduce their rents, and ruiir their, cultivation. Their rents, however, have risen, and their cultivation has been improved since that time." So great, however, is the ex pence of carrying into effect a li beral system of internal improve ments, that individual resources are inadequate to its successful ac tomplishment. It is one of those vast objects which not only interests the whole community, but requires likewise their co-operation. There mav be particular districts so situa ted, as to reward the enterprising citizen ; and there may be a limi ted number; of citizens so adventu rous or public spirited as to en counter peculiar risques ; but so ca'ifious, generally speaking, is in dividual interest, and so circum scr'.bed individtial resource, that th .'fe is too generally wanting both disposition and power to produce those great resuUs which a regular onranizea government is aioneu competent to effect. There is no object, which to give -it a fair trial, more peculiarly re quires systematic ! arrangements. Most local imprdvemerits .languish for no other reason thari from a want of support from other im provements which ought at the same time to be carried on. It is extremely possible for tenxlistiact and distant canals or roads entirely to fail of producing a profit, while a few connected or adjacent ones shall make that profit abundant; as in the natural world a detached rill soon loses" itself, while a multi tude of streams, each equally small, by junction, form the boldest ri vers and the deepest oceans. ' Tbfc;re is likewise one serious inconvenience attending the opera tions of individuals. Theyalwavs pay a special, often an exclusive regard to the-pfomotion of their own interest, to the sacrifice, in a proportionate degree, of the public good ; and they generally pursue ptans which have altogether for their object an immediate benefit. Hence works which ought to be so devised.as to subserve the interests of the whole com unity, by being partial in their effects, prejudice what they would otherwise pro mote ; and licence their execution in l so imperfect a manner as to render them entirely unfitted for perma nent utility. These and many other consider ations, tend irresistably to establish the conclusion that the great fea tures of internal improvement ought to be laid out on it national scale,- free from local influence,' and calculated for permanew du ration. . It will not be improper here to meet an argument, which is usually urged against the interposition of public resources towards the pro motion of the interests of indivi duals. It is said to be the peculiar trait of ,o'ur political institutions to interfere as littieas possible with the concerns of individuals? and that it principally to this circum stance that our unrivalled prosper ity is to be traced Ofthe accuracy of this remark there can be no doubt ; but it is no difficult task to shew that is inapplicable to tne point under consideration. The refusal of the government to esta blish under pretext of the public good, monopolies, either of land, or trade, or of manufactures, has certainly left to the enterprise of our citizens a field well fitted to un fold and engage their greatest ex ertions ; and these exertions, ha ving been made, free from all fo reign interference, and under a conviction that no such interfe rence would take place, have un doubtedly added more to the com- ,raou stock than all our public asso ciations with their uhited resources could have done. This result is so universally acknowledged by economical writers, it is unneces sary further to dwell upon it. While however, the fact is al lowed in its fullest latifdde, it is denied that it has any application to the great internal improvements of a nation. These are roads and canals. It is obvious - that both these organs of intercourse must be regulated by government; in the first instance, by designating their route, and in the next place, by prescribing the manner in which they shall be made and kept in re pair. The terms also, on which they shall be used by individuals, must necessarily be fixed by public authority So far then as relates to their designation, to their for mation, to their maintenance in re pair, to the terms on which they shall be used, thry are the neces sary and inevitable subjects of le gislation. Without the interposi tion of government individuals have no right to act. The only points that remain to be considered :rve, the creation of funds with which they should be rftade and maintained, and the application of the profits resulting from them. If the necessary funds.could be derived from individual contribu tion, some plausible reasons might perhaps, be urged ' against the use of the public treasure ; though, e ven then, it would be unsafe to leave the entire management of the improvements made to the persons concerned,1 and if it were taken from them, they would scarcely consider their interests secure un der an authority over which they had either no control, or one of a limited nature. But it is a fact that the necessary funds cannot be ob tained from individual contribu tions. With regard to the public roads, even the main road travel led by the mail, so far from being fitted tor rapid and easy progress, is, at: all seasons, in a state of mi serable repair, andat some seasons, impassable but with great personal risque ; while the state of our rivers and sometimes the lesser streams for the want of bridges, presents insuperable obstacles to their pas sage. On the importance of plac ing this road in a state of good re pair there cannot be a dissenting voice ; and he who, for the accom plishment of the object, confides in private enterprise, must be the victim of a prejudice opposed bv lone exnerienCfe. Other rnarl of o -"i rr- J u.,4. 1 : . '.yy uui bccuuuary importance, are m th c same deplorable state; and pro mise to remain as they are, tintil the state governments shall awaken from their apathy. Canals, it is acknowledged, are not of such indispensible impor tance, as roads. But, inasmuch as the routes they open,will eventu ally supersede the necessity of roads in a similar line, from the vast dif ference in the prices of transporta tion, it is important, that an early designation and execution of them be made to prevent a useless ex penditure of money on turnpikes, of little or no utility after the making of correspondent canals. Nor can the interests of a great scat of trade be more extend vely promoted than by the formation of canals leading into the interior country. Tho' the expence of canals " is greater than that of turnpikes, the retribu tion more than keeps pace with it: Another argument aeairist ail public works is that public ..money - generally wastetuiiy applied. Of the justnessof this abstract remark, as little doubt tan be .entertained as ofthe former. But it is not thence deducible that alLpublic works are inexpedient If - soy we should have no jails, court-houses pdor houses or other public edifices; All that can be reasonably inferred is.' that we should always leave to in dividuals the accomplishment of those objects td which they are competent, and not that we should oppose the execution by the, public of those objects of utility, wfeich they alone can effect. It would doubtless cost a nationless to name one man to make their laws, and to execute them, than to call toge ther large bodies, in different dis tricts ; but no one is so much of a madman, as thence to infer the preference of despotic to republican institutions The truth is, there is no human benefit without its'atten dant alloy Every thing valuable has its price, and it is folly to re volt against a law of our nature. But this arguirjrent may be easily disarmed, of more than half its force. Tho it be true that the disbursement of public money on objects that require a vigilant su perintendance is often accompa nied by a prodigal waste, yet ex perience shews us that it may be so1 controled by a connection with in dividual interests, as, if not alto gether to overcome the evil, at! least greatly to reduce it. Several monied institutions, such as Banks and Insurance Companies, have leen established by an union of pub lic and private contributions. The state governments have contributed in some of these instances as much as one third of the capital I and the general goyernment? in establish ing the bank of the United States, took stock to the amount of two millions and a half, beincr one Jburtl oi the capilal of the institution J In all these cases certain portions of the general superintendance of the institutions were reserved by the governments ; and . in none of them iias it ever been said that this pub lic agenry Operated injuriously to the general interests of the incor porated bodies, or td the interest of the states. On the contrary, it has invariable given a reputation to them : they have acquired more ofthe public confidence, and their stock has risen higher than that of institutions resting entirely on pri vate support. This feature may, without any difficulty, be introduced into any system of national improvement. Inasmuch as it ismipossibie to, ef fect any part of such a system, with out directly and immediately ad yancing the interests of a particular district of country, and generally ot some seat 01 trade or manutac tures to which it will be tributary on a facility of intercourse, there "ATill never be wanting those who will make considerable pecuniary advances, which, in union with public contributions, will form a joint stock capable of being placed, under tHe direction of public and private agents; ' By these means a reciprocal check will be created : the one on the prodigal expendi ture of public money , and the other pn the narrow views ofk personal' interest. A . : (Td be Continued. J Tp Bridge-Builders. 'JHE Commissioners appointed hy - the Worshipful Gouk of Orange Coun ty j for tliePnrjiosq of having a Bacigebui11 across Eiip'River at the Town of HilisbW, will continueo receive PrGaIs for build ing the same "until Thursday ther 20th of September next., Any Person-indiriabi,? to undertake, jhay see a Plait of the Bridge by applying to either cf the'tCQtrimissionei-s.' 4. iSterlinirris . - .ohnM;:1-" , a . .. A, B, Bruce. t Samuel Benttn. Hillsborough, 18th Aug, - i Have jiis? receive Best West-India Rorh Molasse Holland Gin, Loaf ScBro wn Siugari . Cogniac Brandy, Coiiee, ; 7 Imperial and Young Hyson "teajC -Sherry Wine ' K- . - With an additional Supply o DRY QOODS; WTych completes their Assortfnerit. Thl hope, By keeping top a general stock of Ar cicjes. calculated to stlit the market; andiiis posing of them on the most moderate termsj todeserve the encouragement of their frjead Warrentoh Aug. , NOTICE. "pHOSE indebted to the Concern; of Nuttall and Hamilton, and that of" William Hamilton & Co, by open Account or Notes now due, are hereby notified, that their respective Accounts- and Note are placed in the Hands of Mark Cooke, who is authorised to settle the same and grant discharges ; and unless they avail them selves of this Notice by coming forvrard, andl making Payment in a few Weeks, they will find their Notes and Accounts in the Hahd4 of an Officer, without Discrirhinatioa. ? 'W. HAMILTON. Rakish, Ai$: 31. 1804. FOL ALE, In the Town of Tar borough , TWO WELL-IMPROVED JLOTSj On the Main Street." ' On one is a complete Set of Sttes and Warehouses. The b jrier has a jieat D weir ling House and other Accommodations for Sb small Family. , The Buildings are all nevr and of the lst of Yellow Pine. The Stores are at present occupied by Mr. Marsh. His Year expires on the first of November, at which Time Possession will be given ; the: other 011 the 1st of January. . Tewns will bs made known by Mr. James Sputnerland, of that place, or the Subscriber in this Citv, 1 JOHN INGLES; Raleigh, Sept. 1, 1804. " "VJ Strayed FROM THE SURSXjRIBER, A DARK BAY, MARE, About ten Years old, four feet nine mche high, black Main and TaU branded on the (near Thigh B. P. and has a white Spot on her right Side, about the Size of a Shilling; anu snews tnree scars on her Withers, that were caused by "cutting a Fistula ; and ha$ had a small Bell. Also went off with her a Morse Colt, oha y ear old, lig-ht Bav. The Maro wi by John Whitaker, on Eno, in Orange vuumy, aoout eignt Miles below Hillsbo rough, near M Cabe's Mill, where it is ex pected she will try to get. She passedi Greerteville, in Pitt County, about twelve Days ago, and took the Road from thence to Stanton's Bridge on Tosniot ; which is the last Account I can get of her Any Person who shall fiud her and tht? Col?, and will deliver them to Geo. Green, m GreSneville, in Pitt County, shall receive a Reward of Ten Dollars ; if found at -so reat a Distance as to make it inconvenient io send her, I will thank amy Person to stop her, and wrii-s me to Washington, Beau tort County, oy Post, so that I mav come or semHor her, and pay For such Trouble as they may be at in so doing. . . ' Cornelius Patrick. Washington, Beaufort County:' May 17. AX OVERSEER To take chargeof Tejj Hands "yyilQ is an honest, industrious'. Man, and understands the culture of Corn and Tobacco, would meet with good encouragement theensuing year from a per son ie W ake County. A- nian frdiii eithec of the Counties of Halifax, Northampton, vVarren, Franklin, Granville or Edgecorhb, would be preferred: Nonet, need apply with out the recommendations at leasi of two re putable Farmers. -Apply to the Printer. MEniTSREANEAirPASSPOJilS. jSfOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deenlad expedient to change on farm of theMediterranean Passport is sued to vessels dfthe United States -t that jrom the eighth Day of July next, those of xhe new form will be issued at the Custom houses td every Vessel, for which ap&lrca tion may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law, and surrenderrng the tormer passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case' no fees will be "required fot the exchange? and rhat by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary Powers, with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport viil be saT.cie'rittoi protect the ves sels of the United Svates froi capture, un. til the 1st of Jdy 1805, after WaicH the old form of. passport will be uriif&M he new one alone ih use. iOepartment of State, " '--V May 2od, 1804. $ ST ILLS i j jTPHE Subscriber .has just received irom rnuafieiptna, trom the best maker there, EIGHTY STILLS, from 35 td 80 Gallons, and FIVE fr'im 115 to 120 Galtrn i Also, a quantity, of SHEET BRASS,' X which will be sold low for prompt Paymeoi only. PTEapY;.,- L FayeiisviUstAiig. . " " . j. r-ii :.)
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Sept. 10, 1804, edition 1
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