. if
AND
North-Carolina State Gazette,
Ouri are the plani of fail delightful Peace,
Unwarp'd by party rage, to live like Brother.
THURSDAY, MAY 31, 1810.
No. 558
-OAT FTH
Aid JT A U
Vol. M-
tpLo.unc con m:sioxiji:.yce.
MEHICA and GUI-AT-IJRITAIN.
, r : .''.'.V "t ''-".V, J"'"
.' .- i .. . t- .v. .-... f S:u:e. ti;ed
U..n4 Jl. IoIj.
Tun ti- " 'f Nov. Mr. Urownell
j ,1 to me vour leticis ot the lib,
1 iru! -3d of the preceding month, j
.S . n -ht Saturday following I had a j
!!', rt-iue with the MarijU:i Wcllesh-y,
c ..M.vc I whim I expiaincuioiimi n
J-Vj tnc --rounds upon which I vv::s in- ji
c ri ted to request Mi. Jackson's im-t
. . t i. .i. . . .iv. !'
U'" -. . T t I. I I. . I
r.,dutc recil. and upon which the oin
:J ui'ctccursc between that Minister j
. n , "i II l-f.Vl'l "It'lfllt lld heetl
JV. I..C . U- t;' j
..i
" u:,s Wtlli s!t v's rice pi ion of what I j
r, . , ; -,:n was trunk and friendly ; and j
j:: n with a j crsuasi;.n that we
hl-,u;t! t.ac !.. cause to be dissatisfied ,
;. f;r.al course of his government j
cr. li-- si: jsc's of our toi.fc.cnce.
We agreed tn ortni.m mat t:us imci-
t -.t cn'. be mtrodiu-toty t a moi !
f A ps t eit!ing on my puit; -r.d ;t j
id ;co:dir.gi) seti'.etl betweet u- tiiat ,
J . i, (i isent an f:k..-l iett- r, to ti.e
tfi.a - t n y vtibal comntuioi.ati.n.
;.;e;ur.d such a letter, I Cui
lit ; it r.tjsth" to Downu g-sliec t a lew
t; v s j
atcompansea I r.r
e ...cit" t it to Lord We He sky w
i.n c tx Iaitaio.y obsci va'.ions, w$tn j
,;, !) : ti n,.t, 1 presume, nee esai y 1 .
ia.K:'d trouble- veil. Yin: v.i;l fr.d a o- j
r,v . ; ih:s Ici'ei enclosed, and will be
a "t t c-k ' boni it ihe subs'ance of
lk.f cj.-'cr patt of the state u.en.s and
(craaiks whi:ii I thought it my duty to
r-ke " 'tie ConVeriatiuii abuvc nien-
A c ,t v oi the answer, received on the '
ii c: its eate, t :v loscti." 1 1
j '
Cr.-i. C'-vt - 1'.:, 2J Ji 131U j
... i
Jtv i.okc, j
l. ;r.w ecure of the cihcial corrcs- j
y.rJt -r.ee v.!.;:h has la'tly taken plare- !
h eci the Secretary d State ot 'lie
V.. nd ot-'e-aiul Mr. Jacksn, iiii Ma-i-i't',
ikvuv t.xira ndtnry and Mm-
.
.-. . i'.cnnvaicntiary at Washington, it
Yi i;.-,' ir unately happened that Mi
J.k, :. 1. s matte it nvefiary tiiat 1
i:. .! 1 receive .he commands "ot the
I --ke :U tu request hfi iec2'l, a I id that,
i" ii t ti time, the intercourse be-
-ie.:. taa; Minuter and t!ie Amet:an ,
J'v.rt c: I should be suspended. j
1 :n. t;uitc certain, my I-ord, that 1
i... .! U consult you i Loukhip'f wish j
v .'.i :ht re spec l winch 1 owe to i..s ;
Scovt rnr.:? nt, by executing m ' f
c; c n l!, is occasion witii jK-tUtt s;m i: detmitc result, or i.oi.e that was attama- ; tlions-.d :o make an arrangement, the ar
k y it ! f; anki.ess. My instructions j hie, t. .;,.!:!, under such cu cumstanccs raogeiiient would not have been' made."
t p'. : r.t to tiiat course a rt-oulred by j i ami upon such tunics, be continued, it ! 1 sup. ose my Lord, that it was im-t-r
I ,r el the two govtrr.r.itnis, atid i , would. r.t.t be easy to discover ; and 1 j, possible to disclaim for the American
i t-.i;d to the conhdct.ct whn-h llu
1 o. .f:ci.t er ti tains in the disposition
t: . i !. :t stv government In Mew in
st :r i'i' the s-ibject lo which they .
t:l,z. W sucli inducements to c:c-
c:;;r
- r
lh:s c r.;mur.icalioii cv. iy
t e whirl, i not jntimatrSy connected jliieni the beginning they could only be
'a its pi:; p .e, ;;..!, cn the other h..nd, j
1 i : n ,;ii candor and expiicitucss !
1 " -:t :.:; cnu:es it.ri winch re.diy
lc.:. ; to the cave. 1 should t)e unpar- ;
c : -kc sfl fatigued VOiir Lf-ldshlp with I
u !-'--.Ci-ai; deta.ls, or affected any ie-
- k;mn to your Lordship tfiat Mr. ,
-r. i: i -,cd "m America, as the sue- j
e.v: s t l .rthu.e, while- the disap- j
P-'t-'irrr;; produce.', by thr disavowal of
1 - rrr, cinent of the PJth of Apiil,!
s ct re.er.:, end whoc some other
1 C:rs t i'isakf r Hun. wi..: H Kir! I
. " " !
n 1 c to associate themselves with I
1 '' jppoin'.ment. were m opetation.
)o:r I ..oid. hip also knw that j
c:rpi;oii ty the Anurricaii govern. I
vas mr-v.-'i by ati tnat ktr.dness i
I. .
k:
r -i
;
I- -
t?:ct which were due to the rc-;-"!jt:vc
ol rt jv.reie;n wi'h whom
w ee .ee.'.. e. e
-;s u ri.;.t jin;;,tj the must l;;c::dly
tverwer? tie hep-s which Mr.
'-'s ursaion i...d i:is;:red, cf satis--Y
tx;danai!(;us and adjuktments
1 C iff jfllllif ! ! v : k f ri!rnr p
i
V
,:.?tt:i l"c luo countries, thry Ccr-
"" wtre no- mu. !i encouraged by the
reacts, in vvh.ch, 35 Ur ai he
.v-. pr .per, he opened to Mr.Smith,
. i: " r hls arn4l, the nature and
XV. r. . . : ,
..I e I . m. . i ! -. I
. 1 K 'V.rn-nd.t. Af.er an cxprnmcnt.
government of the U.
- i o: s r.i:tcnt, 11 appeared that
nccs ecejsaniy liable to
-Cptiia ITid W?.nl rf ryr-rit'.r
prcciiicn.
were not likely to lead to any practical
conclusion.
Accordingly, on the 9th of October,
Mr. Smith ..duressed a letter to Mr.
Jackson, in which, after slating the
j course of proceeding which the Ame
j rican government had supposed it sell
entitled to expect from him, with re
I gard to the rejected arrangement and
u,e matters embraced bv it, and after
, ecupituk-ting what Mr. Smi h believed
j lo ,avc ta-scd in their recent inter-
. . ' . . . . -
views relative to those subjects, lie in
raatd that it was thought cxpedie
:hat ihrir further di.cus,ions, on th
. . .....
mil
ient
that
jpaiticular
hisevi
I ...' e- rol
occasion, s!iould be in writing.
ident, my Lord, from Mi.Jack-
K)ii's re)ly of the 11th of the same
month, ttiat he received this limUati .n
(which, carefully restricted as ii was,
he seems to have been willing to un
derstand in a general sense) with con
siderable sensibility. 11c spraka of ii
in that reply a: b.ir.g without example
in the annaU cf diplomac) ; as a step
j'.-.itnst winch it was lit to enter his
pio;es: ; as a violation in his perst.n (i
the most tsseirial rights cf a public mi- ! mut be obvious lo every undcrstandir.g,
instei ; as a new dir.kulty thrown mjjaiul is co;.;ianed by Ui.iversal exc
the way of a nstoratton ol a thorough
i'o.d unde: standurr between the two
counii it s.
I need nor remark to your Lirdship,
that nvthing of all this could wi'h pro-
jpiieiy be -ai l of a proceeding, in itscll
t imrely regular and usual, icijuirco! by
i ; state i f the discuss'u.rts in wi.r.li
only it was to be applied, and proposed
, in a maimer peilecily tlecorous and u; -;
exceptionable, "i'lie govei nu.ent of .iie
United S aus had expec .d ttoin M:.
!J ic!;sun an t xj Sanation kI the grounds
.,' A: refusion the part of his goi rn
' merit to abide by Mr. Ik -skinc's ai i -ar.ge-
ment, accompanied ry a su!)titution o
other p.ropontiuns. It had been cwl-
kcted ti (..n Mr. Jackson's conversa-
iif,nSi thal he had no power whatocci
i . i
lo give aov sueti explanation ; oi, io uie
business of the orders in council, lo ot-jj
fer an sub ,titu!e for the rejected agree M
ir.ctit ; or, in the afikir of tnc id.esa- j j
peake, tootl'er any substitute thai coiilo j
... . r .
from the same conversations, that, even ;J
if the Ami rican government shoUiu pro-! j
pose a substitute for tht part ol the ; '
disavowea! ail jnstm.ent winch i egaidcd j
tlic o: di rs" in cotiiieil, the substitute ' i !au is now h;r tlie hist time made to
. ould not be agieed to (if indeed Mi.jjlhis government. And I need hardly
Jackson h id power to ilo more than j
d.scnss i ) ir less it should distinctly re- j
f ogtiie cou.'iitioiis wlin.li had ahead) j
been cietlart d to be wholly inadmissible. !
To what valuable end, my Lord, loose ;
c onversations, lnvsng in view cither no
ilunk 1 may venture to assume that the j government, in more precise k mtelligi
I substtpimt written correspor:t!ei,'-c ii as j t)le language than is found in this quo
j completely shewn that tiiey could not ! tatiou, all knowledge of Mr. Kiskine's
have been othtt tse than iruitiess, and
that l!..- woe not too soon abandoned,
or that u.o:e formal course, to which
considered as prejiaratory
After i efiio-nsti a'.n.g aga:r.-:". the wi'Ii i '
d the Amen:?-.! govei nrnent to g ve lo
tlic fur'her co:nmt..i'.cat ;c;:ts a written
to: an, au . j..e.i..
conform to it ;
i .Ci.o.i c oose s
aniH ii to i
:'...d , s n e" k i r. T
in the j
same letter of the d, .avowal of the ar- ,
iwiigement t-i Apnk he declares that he
was not nrovided witn mstruc.ions to
exkam the motives of it ; and in; ceems
10 intimate that explanation through
him v.us unnecessary, not only because
i: had already been made through other
channels, bill because the government
of the United Slates had entered into
the arrangcmenlwith a knuwiedgcthat
it c.u.'J Cnfy lead to the consequences
that actually followed." I.i the conclu
sion of .i.e fourth paragrapli of the letter
he informs Mr. Smith, that the dis
patch of Mr. Lrskine. which Mr.
bmith had marie ihe basis of an cfliciaS
corrcsptJitdencc with the latter Minister
and which had been read to the Ame
rican Minister in London," was ihe on
ly dispatch by which the conditions
were prescribed to Mr. Lrskine for the
conclusion of an arrangement with the
United Slates on the matter to which it
related.
Mr. Smith's answer to this letter
beats date the 19:h of October ; and I jj fore been insinuated ; but it is here o
beg your Lordship's permission to in- j pniy made, in reply, too, to a paper, in
troducc from it the following quotation ; i! which the contrary is formally declaicd
The stress you have hid on what ycu by the official organ of the American
have been pltaticd to state as the subst;- , government.
tu'ion of tr.e terms finally agreed on",!
(in the arrangement of April cn the or-lj
dsn in courcil) -4 for ths terms fratjj
. proposed" (by Mr. Krskine) u has ex
j cited no small degree "f surprize. Cer
tain it is that your predecessor did pre-i
i sent for my consideration the same con-
clitious which appear in the present do-,
j cument that he was disposed to urge!
them more than the naiutc of two if
them (bolli palpably inadmissible, and"
one more than merely inadmissible);
could permit and that, on rinding his:
first proposal unsuccessful, the more;
reasonable let ins, comprized in the ar
rangement respecting ihe orders in ;
council, were adopted And what is
there in this to countenance the con
clusion ou have drawn in favor of the !
1 iigh of his liritanr.iek Majesty to disa I
vow the proceeding ? Is any thing i
; more common in public negociations, J
han to begin with a higher- demand.)
and, tint taihng, to descend to a lower ? 5
: To have, if not two sets of instructions,
j two, or more than two giades of propo
! sitions ; to begin wiih what is the moit
desirable, and loeodwiih what is four.-d
to be admissible, in case the more de-
sirv'oL' should not be attainable ?. This
j nence.
" What are the real and entire in-
' struciions r.'iveii to your predecessor, is
! . (ucr.t:;n esseut::d!v between iiitn end
i ins govei noitiit. L 'hat lie hail, oral
k-ast thai he believed he had sufikient '
authoiity to conclude; the. arrangement,
ins forma! assurances durir.g uui dis
t ussions were uch as to leave r.u room
to doubt. His subsequent letter of the
I5".h oi June, renewing iiis assuiar.cesj
o me, ' tiiat tlic terms ot tlic agree-'
oentso happily concluded by ihe recent i
cgoeiJiion will Oe strictly lulliiled on
vhe par t of r.is ;jt ty," is an evident
indicati'oii (jf what Ins persuasion then
was us to Ins instructions. Atu! with a
:ew to shew wnai his impressions have
been, t ven since the disavowal, I must
i.
e ihe liberty of referring ycu to ihe
unncv-d extracts 'see C ) bom his off-k
i.d letters ot ihe J 1st of July and of j -j
the 14th of August. jj
" I he declaration, that the dispatch j
2Jd oi Januaiy is tne otily dispatch by j;
w!in;h tlic conditions were prescribed
Mr. V.i skin, for the conclusion of an ai -
ran;ement on the matter to winch il re-
add, th.it if that dispatch hail bu.cn com
municated at the time of the arrange
mud, or if it had been known that the
proposi; ioiij contained in it. and whi h
.eieat insl presented by Mr. Krskine,
we: c the only ones on which lie was au
instructions incompatible with a sinccie,
hcncrable and iustitiable belief that lie
was, 35 lie professed to be, fully autko-
rised to make the agreemeiit in vvl.i-ki
he undertook to pledce tlie faith, oi" bis
1 o
Majesty's government
Yet in Mr.
jucs.sc:. s ne.i letter voi tne .l ot cjc
toher)to Mr. Smith, he sayt I have
therefore no hesitation ininfjimine you
that ids Majesty was pleased to disa
vow the agreement concluded between !
you and Mr. Lrskine, because it Vus:
t:j:a::$n of tnai gen::::tian sinscructiOKi,
and altogether without authoiity 10 sub- i j
1
I . Je. k e. w e. . ... e. . a ..- , !
t:ons I now understand by your letter, as ;
also irom tne ouvious (leuuctions w;. icti i !
I took -the liberty of making in nr.:.;; of:
tne l tin instant, were at. me time mi'-ta
' 1 1
substance made known to you. Noli' Such, however was not Mr. Jackson's
stronger illustration can be given of the opinion. lie, preferred answering the
deviation from them .which occurred,
i ban by a reference to the terms of you."
agree men
Your Lordship' will allow rne to take jj
for gi anted that this passage cannot bs ( j
misunderstood. Its direct and evident !
A I .e . . e . . . , . . , e. . e.
teuueucv is to lascu upon u.c govcui-M
ment of the United States an imputa
tion most injurious lo iis honor and ve
racity. The charge that it had'ail alonv:
i been substantially apprized, however it
j might .-fleet to be ignorant, cf the in
i struciions which Mr. Krskine's arrange
ment was said tj have violated, had be
This harsh accusation, enhanced by
the tone of the letter in which it ap-jlone rep!v. Official intercourse with
ncarcd, was in ai! respects as extnxrtii. IjJMr. Jacksor. c&uld . no lender bs pro-
nary as it was ofTc-nsive. It took the
shapo of an inference from facts and as
severations which necessarily led to the
opposite conclusion. It was preferred
as an answer to a claim of explanation,
which Mr. Jackson professed not to be
authorised by his government to offer
at all, but which he chose so to offer
from himself as to convert explanation
into insult. It was advanced, not only
without proof, and against proof, but a
gainst all color of probability. It could
scarcely have been advanced under any
conviction that it was necessary to tin
cause which Mr. Jackson was to main
tain ; for his' Majesty's government
had disavowed Mr. Erskine's arr'rar.ge-
ment, according to Mr Jackson's own
representation, without any reference
to the knowledge whicli tins accu
sation -imputed to the government
of the United States ; and it need not
be stated that no allusion whatever wao
made to it by Mr. Secretary Canning,
in those form.l communications to m-
which Mr. Jackson has mentioned. It
was not, moreover, to have been expect
ed, that, in the apparent state of Mr.
Jackson's powers, and in the actual pos
lure of his negotiation, he would seek
to ii rilate where he could not arrange. Sc
sharpen disappointment by studied and
unprovoked hubgnry. Th course,
whic h, ihe government of the U. Slates
ladopted on this pdnful occasion, was
such as at once demonstrated a ssuceir
respect for ihe public character with
which he was invested, and a due sens -of
it own dknity. ?lr. Jackson's'oon
'duct had left a leeble hone that further
intercourse with, him, unproductive ofj
good as it must be, r.-iirht still be" rc-
iconcileable with the honoi of the Ame
rican g-yernment. A fair opportunity
was accordingly presented to him of ma
king it sf, by Mr. Smith's letter of the
iKi of November, of which I beg leave
:to insert the concluding paragraph :
!4 4k I abstain, sir, fiom making any
particular animadversions on several
it relevant and improper allusions in your
lettermot at all comporting with the pro-
fessed disposition to adjust in an amica
ble manner, the differences unhappily
subsisting between the two countries
Bu'. it would be improper to conclude
the few observations, to which I pur
posely limit myself, without adverting
to your repetition of a language import
ing a knowledge on the part of this go
vernment that the instructions of your
vprcdccesscr did not authorise the ar-
rangement formed by him. After the
explicit and peremptory asseveration,
that this government had no such know
ledge, and that with such knowledge no
Such arrangement would have been en
tered into, the view which you again pre
sented ot the subiect, makes it mvdutv
to apprize you that such insinuations
are inadmissible in the intercourse of a:
foreign minister with a government
that understands what it owes to itself."
Whatever was the sens-, in which
Mr. Jackson had uied the expressions
tio winch the American government
e ,
took exception, he was now aware of the
sense in .knch they were understood :
and, consequently, was calkd upon, if
he had been misapprehended, to cay so.
His expressions conveyed an injurious
meaning, supported moreover bv the
don text ; and the notice taken of them !
had not exceeded the bounds cf lust ad
mouivioii. lo kava explained avy c- fi
1
veil
V",n nv I, i,ru
lieen no degradation ; but when an occa- 1 1
..wn,, -u.es ikuv. 1 1
e, . . , i . V 1 . . ; - 1 J i f : I f I I ' IL' i . - - I i . ! .
devro !tn::utaticns utiou the goverr.mcnt
it, w-mrh h? wv ?rr-:': it milrt
to
i
Scarcelv
be otherwise than a duty to
i c
- . e. i 1.
irr.ee.. ale auvantige oi it.
appeal which had- been made f. bun, by
reiterating with aggravation ihe offer.
sjive insinuation. He Lays, in the last pa-
ragraph of liis letter of the 4 h of No-
vernber to Mr. Smith : Ycu will nod,
ihat, in my correspondence with you, I
I 1 1 4 1 1 1
nave crtiU"jy avoioea cirawinu' concur
Si
on, if. at iia not nscsssariiy riiLozv from
filLm fr
ike
i Uaat
&f all should I' think of uttering an in
Sjinuation where i was unable to substari'
Hat: a fact. To facts, such as 1 have
become acquainted with them, I have
3ciupul uly adhered. In e doinri I
must continue, whenever the good iaith
of his.Muicsty5 government is called in
ques ion, to vindicate its honor and dig
nity in the manner that appears to me
best calculated for that purpose."
To this, my Lord, there could be bu
ductive of any effects that were not ra
ther to be avoided than desired ; and it
was plainly impossible that it should
continue. He was, therefore, informed
by Mr. Smith, in a letter of the 8 h
of Ncvember,;in which he recapitulated
the inducements to tnis unavoidable step
that no farther communications would
be received from him ; that the necessi
ty of this determination would " without
delay be made known to his government
and that, in the mean time, a ready
attention would be given to any com
munication, affecting the interests of
the two nations, thro' any oihe? channel
that might be tiubstituted.
The President has been, pleased to
direct that I should rrokc known thi3
necessity to his Majesty's government,
and at the same time request that Mr.
Jarkson be recalled. And I am p rti
i iilafly instructed to do this, in a-nniv
ner that will leave no doubt of the un-
diminished desile of the U. States to u
nhe in all the means best calculated to
establish the re! a dons of the tw coun
tries on the solid foundations of justice,
T friendship, and of mutual interest. I
am .further particulaily in-lructed, my
Lord, to make his Majesty's govern
ineiit sensible, that, in requiring the rep
eal of M', .Jackson, the Uuitt-d States
do not wish to be understood as in air
degree obstructing communo-aT ik
which m;iV 1 to a frsendlv acconi'no
dation, .but t at, on the contrary, they
; s.riCei'ely retain the desire, v. Inch they
have constantly professed, to facilitate
so happy an eent, and that nothinjy
will be more agreeable to thtm than to
find . te minister, who has rendered
1 himself so jusdy obnoxious, replaced by
j another w.ho, with a different character,
; may carry with him all the authorities
land instructions requisite for the cor'i
J plete success of his mission, or, if the
attainment of this object through my
agency should be considered more ex
peditious or otherwise preferable, that it
will be a course entirely satisfactory to
the U. States.
These instructions, which I lay b-
fore your Lordship without disguise, re
quire no comment.
Before I conclude this letter, it may
be proper very shortly to advert to two
communications, received- by Mr. Se
cretary Smith from Mr.. Oakley, after
the correspondence with Mr. Jacksca
had ceased.
The first of these communication
(of which I am not able to ascertain the
dtiie) requested 2 document having ths
effect of a special passport or s.-.fe guard
for Mr, Jackson and his family, during
iheir 'further sUy in the United Slates.
This application was looked upon as
I somewhat Singular- but the document,
j of which the necessity was not yet per
ceived, was neverthelLSsfurnished. The
j reasons as's.g'ned for this application
1 excited some surprise. J have troubled
I your Lordship, in conversation, with a
1 few remark-., from my instructions, up
on one ci those reasons, which I will
t-the liberty lo tepe-t- The paner
I in question states that Mr. Jackson
' had alrtady been once most grossly
insulted by the inhabitants of Hampton,
m trie unprovoked language of sbuse
held by them to several officer-shearing
the King's uniform ; when those ofB-
cers were themsdve
violenilv assauit-
iied and nut in imminent" clanr."
I cm given to understand, my Lord
(!-, '--ici.n oil. ..1,-1 g-
- the first time brought under the notice
ur. ,..., iieiw aiiucieu 10, was tor
jjor ths American government by this
jj I'cr : -t bad, lad'et.d, been amon
t. : i I i , t f - J
1..- -...v'-o t.i-4. way, tnat'come un.be.
comi"it? - had taken place at Hamo
ton or NorLlk, between some ofRctra
belonging to the Africaine frigate and .
seme ci the inhabitants, and that if took,
its rise ir, the indiscretion of the-former
; that no attention to the 'circum
stance having been called for, . and no
enquiry having b-en made, the truth of
the case is unknown but that it bad
never bid suppled that Mr. Jackson
himself, who was on board the frigate,
had been personally insulted ; norVil
yet understood in what way hc 4a: --no- '
ses lie was uc, I am authorised to add,
that any complaint or presentation on
-uebucjec: would instantly have received
j every proper attention.
I The other communication (of which
j the substance was soon after published
jto the American people in the form of
j a circular letter from Mr. Jackson -to
ithe British Consuls in the U. S.Vsetm
o have been intended as a juv.'itcdtiox.
I 1 his conduct in thai part. of nis cor
respondence vrhich lnu given uniruagc
to the A:.ie..t.sa- svr&raeat. Xkis
. i. . . . - - .
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