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..0. f.n-l.-,!- Oar ar tb plant of faircllghtfal Peace, Unwarp'4 by partf rag to livt like Brother THURSDAY, JUNE 14, 1810. Vou XI. .'v- ' - " ; . ..t ! .- --; " . .' ..." ' " " . ' . ! .... . :; ' . ' " -A. ViLSW lf 1 , VLv.-VIlf KM'..1 V.VWVif! Wm0J 9 .... " , . .' , .. ,iJ( t From the Dotton Patriot MIRANDA'S . CONTEM PLATED ."BXPEDmOK. ' Ma. President -Pcrroit me to ad Ati to rou, partriplicata, a copy or my dpatch of the 24lh of M-rch 1798, which Mr Car, my compatriot, has v. the honor of transmitting to your excellency from Falraou'h, the 10th of liar following. The object being of the highest iroponwtcf m dents of war bating possibly prevented tic arm il of the two former, it has ap peared to me pmaeni to auarcss you a- Since ihe departore of my dispatch, tie circumstances have become more r,.,x .!e still. The events which have occuned, both in Europe and in the U. Sate; eren render the separation of the Spanish American colonies indispensi ble ; by so much the more as they are decided not to bcciroe the agen-s, Mill Ijsj tbe subjects of the French republic. fnteJiince, which has vtry rccentl) arriTcd to me both from tne part of our lrnts at Madrid, and from that of our mmiisioners, my compatriots who hire departed for South America, con rn me in this opinion. And I see ith pleasure, that England, perceiving it length thai her safety and future prns jxriiy absolutely depend upon an alli ance and an intimate attachment wih America ; is rcsolfed, laying, aside all ipirii cf jealousy and commercial mono- coir, toco-operate with you in lavor ol t!sis iroponani t.ujcvi , mc uv.i btch will assure ot only the reciprocal prosperity, but also the immortal glory cf the three interested parties Mr. King, youl worthy Ambassador to bis Britannic Majesty, who enjoys i.i . . i. rii bv so many titles the general esteem ; catering into all the details will commu nicate to you the intormation which will be necessary for you, both with re gird to Europe and South America : our interests being the same, and my constituents having reposed all their confidence in their compatriots of thr north, I have thought that I could not better fulfil their desires, than by acting b concert with him : without the least reserre, and with a mutual confidence. Since your answer must in some sort decide the fate of South America, and fulfil all the wishes of my compatriots, I "fray you, Mr President, to be so'god as to transmit it to me, as soon as pos sible. Be pleased to accept the assu rances of the highest esteem and the . taost perfect consideration, with which I bate the honor lo be, Mr. President, of your excellency, the most humble and cost obedient servant, F. DE MIRAKDA. T ITu Excellency Jhn 1dtmt indent the U. Statt$. (No. VIII.) POWEU Triplicate Ccjj. We D. Joseph Pozo y. Sucre, and D. Mauutl Joseph de Salas, commissi ceers of the Junta of deputies, of the chies and provinces of bou'.h-Ameri-ca, assembled on the eighth of October, cne thousand seven hundred and ninety scren, in the city of Madrid in Spain, to prepare by measures the most effica cious, the Independence of the Spanish American colonics ; sent to France to our compatriots de Francisco de Miran da, ancient General of the Array and cur principal agent, and D. Fablo de O l iie, an ancient asststant of Seville, both equally named commissioners by tbt said Junta', not only foi the purpose cf deliberating together, upon the state cf those commenced in London in one thousand seven hundred and ninety, with the English ministry, in Virtue of the conferences of Hollwocd, which have u ned the suffrages of the provinces which have had cognizance; of them ; "'it tnoreovrr tf cAirm'- r-Anxmurnr tn U04c negociations, by opening the way to solemn stipulation, which may lead 13 result conformable; to the interest ad the will of people who, oppressed by the Spanish yoke, inhabit the South Anierican continent. , V- , . josepn oci Fozo y bucre, Mael Joeoh de saia,. nd D. Fran v e U. Joseph del Pozo y Sucre, D-J cesco de Miranda, have assembled at Pa- .Li tccond of December, one thou and r CQ handred and ninety seven, . rtcr a previous verification of our Pccuve powers, have proceeded to m wmcn louowsv-rr ' , onsid-riogthat D. Fablo de Olavide, uonK T v w w ,mc lUTiia-ji bxh we hate sent him, ia his ha-lj bitation near Orleans ; considtring also, that a SufDcient time has passed, with out having received an answer to this in vitation ; considering farther that the nrecarious state of his health, united a with the existence of the revolutionary regimen of France, probably place him, in an impossibility in taking an active part in our deliberations'; considering finally that the actual circumstances are so Dresiin? that the? admit not tbe smallest delay : we the undersigned commissioners have judged it necessa ry, for the interest of our country, to proceed (de passer outre) and have so lemnly agreed upon the following ar tides. 1- The Spanish American colonies having unanimously resolved to proclaim their independence and to eMablLh their liberty upon an immoveable b.-sis, will address themselves to England with confidence, in an invitation to support - m them iu an enterprise as just asr.is ho- -- not able In rui h, it In a state ot peace, and withont any antecedent provocation, France and Spain have proclaimed the i i r u . v i" u a whose oppression, to speak with certain y, was not so shameful as is that of the Spanish colonies : England will not he sitate to concur in the independence of the colonies in South America, at this day, when she is engaged in a war the mcst Ttolent on the part of Spain and France, who while they pioclaim the sovereignty and the liberty of all people, blush not to consecra e by the second j jnd fifteenth articles ot the treaty ot al liance, offensive and defensive with Sna. the mo.. absolute slavery of near : " . . . . fourteen millions of inhabitants, and of their posterity ; and this with a spirit of exclusion, by so much the more odious, as she affects to proclaim, with regard to all other people of the earth, the in cor.tcstible right of giving themselves such a iormof government as shall seem to them desirable. 2, A treaty of alliance, such as that which his most christian majesty offer- ed to the U. States of Amenca, shall serve as a model to cement this impor- tant transaction, with this difference ne- vertheless, that' we will there stipulate in favor of England, conditions more ad- I vantage ous, more just and more hono- rable sail. On one part, Great-B-iiain shall engage to furnish to South Ame rica, a maritime force and a land force, to the end to favor the establishment of her independence, without exposing her to strong political convulsions. On the other part, America shall cb'.ige herself to pay to her ally, Ei.gland, a considera ble sura in money ; not only to indem nify her for the txpences which she shall have made, by the succour given quite to the conclusion oi the war, but also to serve to the liquidation of a considerable part of her national debt. To acquit in tome sort, the benefaction received by the establishment of her liberty, South America shall grant her t:om that in stant the sum of . 3. The maritime forces demanded of England shall not exceed 20 ships of the line. With regard to tbe land for ces, eight thousand infantry and 2000 cavalry would be sufficient. In the de fensive alliance, which should be esta blished in the sequel, we will stipulate only for maritime assistance ; land for ces not being necessary. In this hypo thesis, America will pay her contingent by a sum of money which shall repre sent an equivalent. 4. A defensive alliance formed be tween England, the U. States of Amc nca, and South America, is so com manded by ihe nature of things, by the geographical situation of each of the three countries, by the productions, the industry, the wants, the manners and the character of the three nations ; that it is impossible but this alliance should be of long duration ; especially if we take care to consolidate it, by an analogy in the political form of the three frovemments, that is to say. by the en- joymeut of a civil liberty, wisely undir- stood, wisely organized. We may even say with confidence that it is the only hope-which remains for liberty, auda- ciously outraged by the detestab e max- iras avowed by the French republic. It is, men-cover, the only means of forming a balance of power, capable of restrain ing the destructive and desolating am bition of the French" system. '.5. There shall be established with England a treaty "of commerce,' conceiv ed in the most advantageous terms for tbe British nation ; discarding, . never iucics, every luca oi luuauuij , xuis treaty will warrantee to her, naturally theless, every tdea of monopoly . This and in a manner the most certain, the j consumption of the greatest part of our manufactures ; for their exists a popu Iation of near fourteen millions, who clothe themselves in foreign manufac-i tures, and who consume an infinity of articles of F.uropeanluxury. The com merce of England would derive, more over, considerable advantages from the, precious fruits and immense productions of 5 uth America, by spreading these i articles by means of their capitals and establishments in the other parts of thel world. The basis of this treaty should be such, that the entry of no foreign ma nufactured article should be prohibited. 6. The passage or navigation of the Isthmus of Panama, which ought im- medi Jtelv to be made DactieabTe as well i as the navigation of the lake of Nicara gua, which shall be also, and without loss of time opened for the prompt and rasy communication between the Smith ii - Sea and the Atlantic Ocean ; being for kneland obiects of the highest interest. South America will warrantee to her for a certain number of years, he naviga tion of the one and tie other passage. upon cond'tions, which though they may be more favorable, shall not how ever be exclusive. 7. In the present circumstances, we will not establish any Teaty of com merce with the allies of South America ; considering that the rights of importa tion and exportation ought to be esla biished for the common interest of all 'he people, composing the colonies of b uth America, and especially the coun tries known under the name of vice roy- alhes of Mtxiro, Santa Fee, Lima and Riode la Plata, provinces of Caraccas, Quito, Chili, &c. I: will be necessary I when the impulsion shall be given to South America to wait the assembly of the deputies of these different countries in a representative body, to be able, in this respect to take (together and at once definitive arrangements. Those which exist at present, shall continue to sub sist, upon the same footing, with regar to the nationals, as well as to all the I friendly powers. I 8. The intimate relations of as3oci Iation, which the Bnk of London would be in a situation to form, hereafter, with hhat T Lima and of Mexico, to the end II to support each other mutuilty, wou'd not be one of the least advantages which the independence and the alliance of S. America would offer to G. Bri'a n. By this means the monied credit of Eng land would be placed upon foundations that could not be shaken. 9. The United States of America might be invited to accede to a treaty of f iendship and alliance, i We might warrantee to them the possession of the Floridas, and even that of Louisi ana ; the Mississippi being in all res pects the best and most solid barrier, which can beestablishedbetweenthe two grand nations who occupy the Ameri can continent. In return, the U. States should furnish at their expence, to S America, an auxiliary body of troops of fie thousand cavalry, during the war that should take place on occasion of their independence. 10. On the supposition that SoO.h America should be, at any future time, and after the conclusion of peace, attack ed by any power whatever, the United States, by an article of the treaty of defensive alliance to be concluded, should furnish the same number of land troops, stipulated in the preceding article. The equivalent of S. America should be represented by a sum of money. ,11. With regard to the Islands which the Spanish Americans possess in the American Archipelago, South America ought oot to retain any but that of Cu ba, for the sake of the port of the Ha vanna, the possession of which, by rea son of its situation on the passage of the Gulph of Mexico, is indispensible to ner satety ; tne saia pon Deiug, so to speak, the gate through which it is necessary to go out of the gulph. With regard to the island of Torto Rico, of the Trinity, and of Margarita, S. Ame rica not perceiving in their possession any direct interest, might co operate in seeing them occupied by her allies, England and the U. States of America, who would derive from them very con siderable advantages. V- 12. The passage of the isthmus of Panama, as well as that of the thejake of Nicaragua, should be equally war ranted for all the merchandizes belong ing to the citizens of the U. States of America ; and . the exportation ; of all the productions of S. America should t he equally encouraged ia their vessels of transportation ;f the Americans of the North becoming necessarily for us, what the Hollanders have for a long time been in regard to the powers of the Nor. that is to sayj our carriers. " 13. The military operations upon our American continent, as well as the arrangements to be made in this re spect with England, and the U .S. of Ameri ca, on occasion of the succours which these powers will afford us in quality of allies, for the support of our indepen dence, shall be confided, during the whole of ihe war. to the consummate experience, talents 8c patriotism of our compatriot and colleague, Francisco de Miranda, born at Caraccas, in th,t Province of Venezuda. The important services, which, during fifteen years, he has rendered to the cause of the inde pendence of our country, give him in contestible rights to this charge. He will receive, in this respect, instructions i... . . 10 g1161" retail, trom tne moment wncn a ooaY OI 'troops snail aisemoarx on the Spanish American continent, or when the mihtiaofthe country shall be found, in whole or in part, assembled in arms. We will confine biirselvesJ for the present, to the forming a desire to see commenced the military opera- tions, by the Isthmus of Panama, and Santa fi, both because of the importance ot the post and by reason ot the humor of the people disposed, at the first sig nal, to arm themseves in favor of the independence of their country. To this effect it would be still to be desired that a squadron of eight or ten ships of the line should cruise in the Sea of the South; otherwise it would be to be feared that Spain, maintaining maritime torce on those coasts, might obstruct all operations on the sea of the S uth. 14. D, Joseph del Pozo v Sucre and D. Manuel Joseph de Salas, shall de-1 part without delay, sc conformably with their instructions, to Madrid; to the end to present themselves to the Junta to render an account of their mission at Fans, and lay before them a duplicate of the present instrument ; the Junta, waiting only for the return of these two commissioners, to dissolve themselves! immediately and resort to the different! points of the American continent, where If .ne presence ot tne members who com pose it is indispensibly necessary to pro voke, upon the appearance of the sue- cors of our allies, an explosion, com bined and general, on the part of the people of S. America. 15, D. r rancisco de Miranda and D. Pablo de Olavide are authorised to name a certain number of agents, civil and military, to assist them in their mission but the employments that they shall ee fit to bestow shall only be provisi oned and revocable at pleasure, until the instant of the formation of the continen tal Representative Assembly, who a- lone will have the right to confirm or annul these appointments according as they shall judge convenient. 16. D. r rancisco de Miranda and D. Pablo de Oalvide are equally authorised to borrow, in the name of the Spanish American Colonies above named, the sums of money which they shall be lieve necessary to fulfil . the commis sion with which they are charge'' They shall allow the interest of, ordina ry and parallel cases, and shall remain responsible for the employment of this money, for which they shall render an account to the government of South A merica, whenever they shall be requi rtd. 17. D. Francisco de Miranda and D. Pjblo de Olavide are further instructed to procure in England, with the least possible delay, the following objects, to wit : A A complete train of artillery for sieges, composed at least of 10 pieces of iron, in good condition ; and one hun dred other pieces, both of light artillery for battalions and artillery of station! B. Complete cloathing for 20,000 men of infantry, and 5000 men of ca valry, with accoutrements necessary for the horses. , - . C. 30,000 swords, in the Romna fa shion, for the infantry. T D. 10,000 sarises or pikes,' in the Ma cedonian fashion, of 13 feel in length, E. Tents of. a conical fignre, in the Turkish fashion, for an encampment of 30,000 men. - ; F. 50 good military telescopes. . :' "1 8. If the precarious state of I his health, I for " other" causes " unforeseen should place D. Plablo de Olavide' in 'an impossibility of resorting to Paris, within twenty days to pursue his mis? tion to London De Fraiicisco de Mi- randa shall proceed .abneIHfsharli;! f enjoy in this mtWu1un;.he.atqe bipVf . j rrty as if he We r e accompani ed sisteel by the courtsels;his" If a case should bcCutn wHichrimpcV Cfl nous oircumstati K supfrt-bf a! colleagueDij FranisOr" derJ Miranda is authorised, if -fiyshilitf' it con lenient for the good oT the i6m0 mission with jrhich be is chiuWsteyjJff associate whhhinii functions, his compatWdt-D.i ro, who is already actually employed him in London in a confidential mission, or any other: person of probity and i taxi. lents, for whom he can be responsible. YS?; And yice versa, if by any cffectFhe:i'?3' revolutionary regimen in France,. or by . a failure of health D. Francisco de-Mi- ryJ randa should be hindered from proceed- ' ing to London, D. Fablo deOlayidc should equally have the right ;tb pulsue- M alone thus important commhsibn, and to associate with him a colleague if he . "I judges it convenient .. ' --' s We, D. Francisco de Miranda, D. . . Joseph del Pczj y Sucre, and D. Ma- nuel Joseph de Salas, commissioners of the Junta of the deputies of the cities and provinces of South America, after a mature examination; of the foregoing articles, declare that the said articles I ought to serve as a power . and as in II structions to our commissioners;; sent. to London, and in case of heed to. Ph 3 ladelphia. D. Francisco5 de Miranda and D, Pablo de Olavide, willing that these presents should -supply t the want of any other Instrument in form, which the tyrannical situation under ; whjch ' France groans at this day, has hindered us from transmitting to them ; having -composed them for the facility o ne- , gociauon, in me r rencn language, ana having taken a copy translated into the Spanish language, compared and signed by us, to be transmitted to the Junta, at Madrid, Such are the only measures which the actual circumstances have permit- ted us to take considering that our principal agent and our compatriot Jj, Francisco de Miranda is obliered to live in a profound retreat, to withdraw him- self from the proscription, which strikes at this day all the citizens distinguished oy metr vinue aua tneir talents:, a pro scription which is the only, cause of the infinite delays and di fiiculties which we have had to overcome- f ' : Done at Paris, the 22d of ' December, 1797. (Lr S.) , I Joseph del Prozo y Sucre, ( (IJ. S.) ' Manuel Joseph se Salas, (L. S ) Francisco de Miranda. , " Ludico Du Perou, Secretary." Conformable to the original, F. DE MIRANDA . You have now the whole of these do- cuments, excepting an estimate in Sua- . uisn, o mc population ox.;aii;tne Fro vinces, which amouhlijas'-tdclentand it, to eighteen , millions, and of the pro ductions, which are, very great.Any gentleman who wilpgiveimself the trouble to call upon me mar sec ; ami copy and translate this estimate if lie pleases. rh we not confidence enough in my own knowledge of the Spanish ' : language to attempt it. - . I ' shall make no remarks upon these papers at present, whatever I may . have y a call to do- hereafter, but these 4 From whom the letters to lGen.iKnox ! and Col. Hamilton were ; whether iromfi Gen. Miranda, Mr. King, or any othev-!?? I know not, having never heard or tja. S V I quired. I am equ ally ignorant of fa&r'ffiii contents. 2. ,No intim tion from Mr, ;-vl- Fitt or any other member of the U itish ! ' Cabinet, was ever ofB;iaUy communicsii ttd to me'ihrpugh Mr. King or Mr; ' Liston. If t there had been, I shbuldV most certainly have attended very sober-v ' ly to the subject and made A a vrre- spectful answer; 3. I tho't ittiot only r inconsistent with the tdignity of a Pre 3; sident of the United States; but that it ; A would have been violation of hii sworn duty to enter into a, rrsonal correspond v dence with MirandaV whoni ! never saw, ' and of whom I iwiothing but that he was exciting a war with iheKitig of Spain, a sovereign wth whom the U States re at'peace and in friendship. 4?These 'papers were commbnicated to me after I had accepied overtures of i ne gociation wi th France, and appointed ambassadors. " "Ithisfngbciation andT the Subsequent peace with France cfuV!i support thefecharges against me of V quashing thbVhegociations with Mi randajV and of pu; ting an end to "en te prizes of great, pith and moment." ! plead guilty .and shall glory in it Tore- ' QtsfiKSt May 10, 1810. r 4
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
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June 14, 1810, edition 1
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