I S . - - - - i i - . it I I - - I - -II ii i i v t -r? l u-
? ' . . - . : r;lp- THURSDAy FEBRUARY,: 21 A 81 K .Vf-vr -V-v-r ryfAA
1 W THURSX)AY, FEBpU AR Y,: 2 tysil; t;Sc
" i ii -i ' I - i i . i . i . . . i v-v - f .
CaV3Ir'Vr,ylt SENATE. t
-
- j,rf Your nnjc$iy nas rawca hup
" to tbe highcit pitch xf mmlcof . The
' vi'ciories ' obtiar-ed ovxr fitc auccesnrc
"coaHtlons, all fomented by England to
; produced thtse results; and ivnwy be
v; 5id ibatTor tbe glorr power of the
great Empiro rc ore indebted loEngr
hhd;." -v S::;r-Mv -4 .
- rtn oil occiiiont Voor maiesrr has or-
fcrcd pcjcc ;,vand ti?hout : enquiring
fiheihcf it7wpuld bexnore adnnugtous'
than var, y oil considered, sJref only the -y
bappuws oi toe . csctit geucrauop
aoi you alvrys shewed yourself ready.
sacrifice. ia It tuo niost prvuuauig iu-
tureprospcc.tt ... .
'1 : Tt vii thus that the treaties ol peace
.cF Cmpo ''Fo'rauo of Luneil!e and of
: Amiens, and subsequently inosc oi -rc5-burg
of .Tilsit nd of Vienna were con--"cTuJcd
: it ras thAh thaf your majc,sty
fitctimes sacrificed to peace the greater.
pift b your conquests ; more desirous ot
; lie happiness, than of extending the do
xnbioh of your, empire, your ma j est v
put limits toVour own pramleur, while
England, re-kindlins incessantly the.
;Cime rf war, .ap 'ircd to conspire a-
V gainst her allies and against herself, in
. pnler tq make this empire the greatett
" 'that has existed within twenty centuries.
' , ' At the pcaos of 1783, '.he power .f
France wa stre nethened by the famUv
compact, which firmly attached tn her
STfttcm of politics. Spain and Naplrt. ;
; Alloc ptnou Qi oe peace o Mraicn-
lhc.refpetUre-strcngih, of three great
. rpvrrs wt iocreacd by 'write million
v q Iphabitaols of Pi hrd. "The houses
. ; of Ffipc A SpiTnwere.esiehtiallr cor
. rjitii rd the people of these naiicns
: 1 'weretll firther separated by their roan
r;trs.''Orve bf.the greatest coritmehta)
. rxiwrrs ,i4ot ku strength by the an
- teiatlon orBifficim to France than he
bad acquired by the pn$eion or W
"rttce f t& he Mcurp poiions of the
Geira f nic bod jt h$i sUll furiher increis
. . w&iht powrrof our riral, , - - ' -
; J?)nr-Fraaee-afer the treaty f Awii
,".enshd a itrtnghteUtWfl les than
; at Jh'e jpeace ro 17 ;anifr miif h.in.P'.ri
o1 to. tht which i lie victories obtained
during the wars of the two first comlU
lions", gate herth, right to claim..
Npvitlr5n.r carrely wti tft
. irxa'y occlude whtn the jo'rujy c(
1 togUnd KaseviieritJy in a high degree
.'exceed. She was alarmed at the con
iapt increase of J he eternal riches and
' prcsrrity "of .France, and she hpVd
ijut a thijd ccali'ion would snaich fnm
inr crown, Btlgtum, he provinces of
tUe 11 bine and Xtaly. -The peace of ,r
rnep rras nplated. A third coali'ion
fQrrptdvtfiiee.rricn'hs afte-wards it
;wa f fiwolTt by Ihe treaty of Preshursc.
England saw' all hopes fiusirated,
-Venice,' Dalmi U, IVmtH the'roatv
: of the Arriattc, and those of the kirg
hich Xourided tbe French empire, fell
.t ptrces and the: system of the cenff
V 'deration of thje Rhine,cnciled Into in
:tirkatrand,ntcessiry Allies the samt
!fVpte Who, .tDTtbe Ifo former, coali.
akcs, had inarched against France, and
1 intfijsoluWy-cnited thent"o her by com-
rrioninterestf. l, !"
The peace cf: Amiens, thtn became
io Etfeland the obieet cfthe,rcgeu F
' a'.l btr- atatesm'ent' Thenew acquisi
tions of France, which thenceforth' they
' had m hopejof ray i?itng rom her; re n
) ' dmdihtm tmortensihle of the famuli
: vUkh thty ; hadcorurpjtted, and de
..' t tn? cstraird the ull extent of. iL f.
A raan who durirj'the fhort inter
y val of the peace . of Arqienti hid come
to Paris, an . had lea med ; to; know,
i Francis and your majesty, came to the'
head cCafiaira ia EnglandVThat. man.
n oPgenlui ";compreht-r.dtd :ihc situation
v :( couvtric He- saw that it.
" lho joflgefwlfbirv the ability of ny,
i.UPQffr. :t0 tnakrf.Fraocc gu'back,''ntt
hatT.4rue roU'ka consisted in stopping
v her, , H? felt, that by the successes ob-
ti'.ned against the third 'coalition, itbe
- queuiaf .was atlnertd,' and thlfey
7 mwst. ito longer think ;cf cjitputing with
irrahcej ! poasessionr 'ahcihad iust-
ly a.xjuircu Of Yictory ;. but thatnhey
:Lwar,wciUW. render nevi
utc, r f hat itni n nut Vid nm . h fiV fW t
,-i .. .. .. . ... . .f
torq of- Nlts, came under the Frenr.b
v "iloijiiio the Ccrman body. eituMith
.' id-itJCort pTincIfle contrary to thnte
. wjgiu oy. a specy peace, to preyent new
. ogKraad.ix mit i; which jihVl'con'ttaii
ajjee o7Ue'war,wciUld; rtodfer1 incvltai
France had reaped from fhe. false poli
lie of England p but he. hi$ before, hi I
elyea thDte.which?hL-atiU inUht reap
He beiicTtd that En gland r would gain
utuch, if none of the power of the con
iinent should losejnore. Biscay stem
of pohticv was. t disarm France, to
caune the confederation of the north cf
Germany, to be acknowledged In oppo--itiun
to the confederation of the Rhine,
Uc felt tharPfussia cpuld-be, sated on
ly by peace, and that upon the fate
rthat power depended the powcrf
S-xony,of Hese, of.Haiovtr, aod tbe
(ate of the mouths of the Efns the Jade,
ihe Weser, tbe Elbe, thr .Oder and t be
Vistula, ao. necessary to EngU&h com
merce, A man of a superior mindrFox
dtd .iint content himcelf wilh UelessJy
fcerettinjr the rupture of the- treaty pf
Amiena, and the tosses henceforth ir-.
reparable i he wished to prevent aim
gcater ones, and he tnt lord Lauder
tale to Paris.
' ,The ntgociatins began, and every
thing presaged a hppy issue to them,
when - Fox died.
Thty then only languishedtThe Mi
ntsuy- ere neither sufociently ertlight
rd, uor sufficiently cold-hloodcd, to feel
he necetsi'.y of peace. Prussia, instiga
td by that spirit wi'.h which England
inspired all Europe, put : her troops 4o
motion. J'be Imperial Guard had or
ders to set out ; Lord Lauderdale appear
rd afraid cf the consequences of the new
i"vcntft wh'ct) were preparing He pro
posed to sign the treaty, to inr ude-in i
Pruuia, and to acknowledge the c :nfe
deraiion of the North oJ Germany-s-Your
Majesty, wi h that spirit of mode
ration of which you have g'rten mcb
frequent examplest' Europe, consented
io it. The departure of the imperial
guard was delayed several, days ; but
L.ude rdale, hesitated . he was cf opi
nion that he ought to send arouiier to
rfia court, and that courier brrmght h:m
hjrk the ordtt which recalled hint a few
djys aOerwards- Prussia no longer ex-
itd as a preponderating power.
Posterity will maikthal period as one
r f the most decisive in the history of
England, and in that of France,
The treaty of Tilsit terminated, the
ft crth coalition.
1'wo Rreat sovereignties, lately ene
mies, united to offer peace to England ;
UA that power,-which. notwithstanding
all her presentiment, could not prevcil
u'ron herself lo subscribe to condi lions
whicl left France in a more advantage
;us pa-Ttion than that in which she was
lter the treaty of Amiens, Nwruld not
open itgocia' 19ns ; the inevitable result
.f which would insure to France a still
more ady ntageous. position. We have
refused, they said in England, a treat), '
which maintained the independence of
France, the North of Get many, Prussia,
Saxony, Hese, Hanover,, atid which
guaranteed all the openings for our
commerce ; how can wj now consent
to ign with the emperor o the French,
when he has just extended the confede-
ationof the Kbint as far as the Ncrth
of Germaoy, -nd found- d on the banks
v.f the Elbe a French thionc, a peace
which from the natuic of things, what
ever might be tht stipulations contained
m it, jfoukl leave under his influence
Hanover aitd all the markets of the
North, .those principal ' arteries of our
commerce J- "r
Aler who caimly consider the situa
tion ot ogland9 answered : Two coli
tions, each of which ought to have lasted
ten years, have been vanquished ,in a
few months the new advantages ac
quired by France are .the censequence
of those . events," and England can no
longer, oppose , them ; doubtless .we
ought not to have .violated the. treaty of
Amiens, j We ought since to have ad
hered to the 'politic, .of Foxi. Let ua at.
least profit now frprn,the Jessons, of ex
perience nd.avoid a fault.. Instead of
ludking back, let us. cpntcm plate tbe fu-
lur. , r.tne peninsula is sun enure anu.
rulea by-governments, , secret enemies
to France. Hitherto, the" weakness
of the bpanish ministry and the pe.rsb-,
nol aentiments of theoloVnonarch haye,
f etaincd Spaia in the system ofTram c
A new reign wtjl devclope the germs 01
haired between the twp nauons,.t ,
The .family compact has been annihl.
fated, and this is one. of the adyantager
which thel).reVolutt.bnr hai' procured; to
Engtand. ; Holland, though gov rned by
a; r rec.cn prince, , en toys, ncr,wocpen
dencr't: her. interest ts to be'lhe jmcrii;
urn of otir cramerce whh.the continent,
and to favcrit in otder to paHicipate'.Tn.
our Viv rt V.rr Have 'we noi'lfearVT1 3 U th'e
her infiuence oh ' the peninsula arid her; :
tUStom.-houses in UUapa -.yy:-
1 .'Such iiirai the language oLmcfi who,;.;
oenetrate tnto tne miurc.it
They saw . wjtb grief peace Proposed b
Russia , They, doubted not btit that the
"whole continent would ahortly be de
cheAfrprv England, and that an order
of things, which it was so important to
prcyeQVt. would be established in Spain
and in.Hqlland, - .V ,
t 'ln the meantime, .England required
the House, of Braganzato quit the' Per
'rVmula And fiy to .Brvs ) The parti
sans of the E- glish rnristry towed dis
cord among the princes of he tlouse of
Spain. The reigni-g dynaidy waa re
moved, forever and in consequence of
anangements mide at Bayonne, a ftew
sovtrcign, having a.common power and
a common origin with France was call
ed to the government ofBpain. .
The interview of Erfunhiguve an-op
portunity for new poposals of peace
but J hey likewise were repulsed. T,!
same spirit nhtch had caused the nego
tiation of Lord LfrXjendale to be broken
' ff directed affair a mlinglatid.
k The fifih coalition broke out. These
new events still turned to the advantage
nf Francr. The on'y ports. by .which
England prclended an avowed commu-
'(.i"ation with the continent, passed with
the Laliao provinces, into your tnajTS
Vys possession, by the treaty of Vienna,
nd the allies of the Emperor saw ih'e
grea er increase.
The order issued by tpfc British coun
cil had ntertumed the laws of !he com
merce cf the world ; England, whose
X'Stence is wholly attached to com
merce thu cast dio'der among the
commerce of nations. 5h. hadtotnfrcrh
it tvery privilege. The decrees of Ber
lin and Milan repelled these monstr us
novelties. Holland was in a difficult
position ; her' government had not an
iction sufficiently energetic . her cus-tom-housi
offered too little security, for
h s centre. of the commerce of the con
tinent to remain much longer isolated
Doro FranccVl 'Yciur majesty, for- the
interest of ypur people and tolnsare the
execution of the system which you op
posed to the tyrannical acts of England,
tr as forced to change the fate of Holland.
Ni'twiihs;andiig yur majes y, per
severing in your system anT in your
dr sire of peace, gave England to under
stand that she could presrrve the inde
pendence of Holland, onjy by recalling
her orders in council, or adopting paci
fic yievrs i;tKe minis.er of a coromer-1
cial nation treated : lightly an ovtriur&
so highhr interesting to their commerce.
They answered that Epgland could do j
nothing with regard to the fate of Hoi
land. In. the illusions of their pride,
they misconceived the motives of that
proceeding f they pretended to perceive
in it the confession of the efficacy of
their orders' in council, and Holland was
annexed. Since they have wiircd It Wo,
sire, I believe it useful at this time,' and
I propose to your majesty' to con ibfidate
thb union by the constitutional forms of
a scna'tus consultum; '"
The annexation'of the Hanse-towns,'
of Lauenburg, a nd of all the coast from
the Elbe to the Ems, is commanded by
circumstances. That territory is' alrea
dy under your majesty's dominions,
The immense magazine of "Heligo
land will always threaten to empty
thsmselves upon the continent, if a sin
gle point should 'remain open to the
Euetish commerce upon thex coasts of
the North Sea, and if the mouth of the
Indc, ot the Wcser and of the Elbe be
not shut to it forever, " '
I The orders of the British council hare
entirely destroyed!the-priviege3 of the
navigation cf neutrals, and your majes
ty can no longer supply your, arsenais
with provisions, and have a sure route
fprour commerce withHfie North, but
by means cf internal navigation -; ' .
The repairing and .enlarging Cpf! iHe'
canal already existing between Ham
burc and-Lybeck,' and the construction
ufa new canal will j&m the Elbe to thi
VYestr, ano inc .v cacr.iu iu ajiii auu
which Ayill require i but four or five, ycaia
of Jabo? apd an expehce of from fifteen tp
twenty millions, in a cbuntryj where 'na
iure presents; no "obstades? wUl" bpep
toy. the Frehch mefchams a Jfcdh
nomlcal.eaiyi'widV free frolnyyery'da'ti
ger.t' YouK empire, may. trade at all
ties withjhe .Baldc,sr nd to theNofth
the produce of your soil and 6f jrpur tnW
nufact,ures and drawVfroin thence jhe
proxluHions necessary to y buf iMajestyai
navy-. . - .- v- DXi-X
x i ne nags, oi namour?, ooremcn
7r-'i4Kr.?X'-.ii
on the seat denationalized . by the Bri-,
wsnwacia.inj councxir vm parse 01 uie
Jotofttfe French flag&ill concjirith
11 ior me nneresi 01 mcco
erest ot the common cause
for. the re- establishment of the liberty
of 'the. teas. , rt. ' rv
Peace will arrive at last, for sooner 01
later the great interest of the people of
justice, and af humanity, prevail over
the passion! and over hatred ; but the
experiehec bf sixty years" has taugfy 1
us mar peace witn ingiancv can never
give to commerce rmore" than deceitful
seturityJ' Inl l75G,'in Fybru'ary If 9 3, in
1805, with iregafd to Spain, as in May
i 805, at 'the? period of ; the ' viplatioh of
AviuensV England coinmenced hostili
ties btbre having declaVc'd waf. Ves--seis
which rjavigated upon the faith
the peace, were surprised commerce
was plusdered ; peaceable citiz ns I03,
their liberty, and the ports of England
were filled yvith the disgracful trtfhies.
If such' bcepes are to be one day renew
ed the English travellers, merchants
iheir prop'etlies and their persohsUefz
ed in our pJrts from the'Ballicsea to the
Adriatic Gulph will afford the 'means cf j
retaliation ; ana 11 tne E.Bgusn govern
ment to rr akc the people ;f ; London
forget the injustice df the " war ' should
again give it the spectacle of captuVeV
made in contempt of the law of nations,
it will also! have to shew the losses so
ocrasionedl: -.- I -; ' -
j Sire, as long as England shall persist
in btr orders in council, your 'majesty
will persist in youi decreesV Your ma,
jesty will Oppose to the: blockade of thh
coa ,ts, the continental blotkude; ani
to the' pillage on the seas, the confi ca
tion of English goods on the continent.
It U.myjduty to say so to your majes
ty ; yourj m: jesly cannot encefocth
hope to briing hack your enemies to more,
moderate idea,, otherwise than by yoo
perseverance in this -system Therr
must result from it suchti state of incn
venience o England that she shall, bt
forced at length to acknowledge that siu
cannot iolate the; righ ts of neutrals up
on the seas, and claim1 their protection
onthe continent f that the only source
of herj eyils is in heir orders of council,
and hattthat aggrant)Ie ment of France
which will long excite her uneasiness
and her ealouvy, she owes to the blind
passions of those,? who, violating the
treaty of Amiens, breaking off the ne
gociation of Paris, rejecting the propo
sal 9 of Tilsit ond Erfurth, disdaining
the oyertbres made: before the anncxa-'
a!ion of Holland, have given the, last
blows to per commerce and to her pow-
ier and conducted your empire to the,
acebmphshment of its high destinies.
! CttAMKAGNYDukedeCadore.
.,anse,lfec.,.18ip;;j:iVf;.t
1 - ;
DOCUMENTS- f
COJCTINUED.
i
Ji l Lotudm, Sept. 28th, 1810. . 1
' Sir I have al ready 'sent vbu Vcooy
of Lord jVVellesleys reply to t hat part of
my letter of the I4tb icstant, which par-
The; amount of that reply wasj thatfco-
vernment couia not (interiere,,and that
the ca se m ust be left; to the .court "of adi
miralty.j v j-.l ....- - ;
I now transmit (subjoined) his answer
to that .part of my letter which regarded
t he rfiect of the blockade of Ehinore) as
it was interpreted by Sir Jafc Ssumareri
to the passage ofthe undf:orrfwhich
it appears lhat)v is Inctrt fended tp
close that passagei :,! ') t'
No notices has yet fieeaten of the
tesPdue of my letter) wncerning t he four
American seamehaken from .the Alert.
' As I have transmitted fbuJa codv of
j Lord Weficsley's 'fdply io myapplicar
tion tor tne release ot 1 the diary, trom.
w hich it j i s to ln r f
be j immediately released, I ought now
to mention fair from bein releas
ed,'; she is tol proceeded a
galnst jw prizes i These . things requi re
a large stock of patietice -Vi
- rhMafquisVeUesle has thefhot
iorto'acqqajntjMrPh&
wi-Vii i-e -tfsJ ArLi r-i
Elsinprpihatit;
should beTatrictly Confinetl : to the i pbrt of
tiiiinore, ana inai iiijoes not afiect any
yessels pfofessedfy'r
'i Mr, Pin&to to Mr. Smttb Ws A .
; ; SirLdvWellesfeVs bmrounica- , :'f '
tion concerning the passage of the Sound,' --$',' M
-,wassuDDtsed bv;a .rrisrchant here, to . $ r '
whom, I seed it j, tobe ambiguousr, f JL 4
reasoh "ofuhe; txpreao;;bai r AJ&:&
the S.!dnd,"7&oi ' -Thambitfuity;haair - Sh If.
however becn.remiovediCtleeithcro:; L'f !'
was anyj by. a Wtewhkh'r 1i4vV just, - ' 1 1 h If
swert;on. rram4melf say tfaito
no, vessel will ,bew sejcito thfrVroi
strlctjonjof Jiwte
Extract ofd letter rom 'Ge-ldrtofa&gWJlr
Smtt& dated Pails.' Jan lS -;
- Mr. Chanipagtiy stated tliat the-Vrdcr "
feiveji infrejatidn to -ourj.snrj2Vcc. in .
Spain, was a Jregu!a cohsequonceofcb
system declaied iofhU iftter ot'thed. " :
August last, and ;which bceh-pro
mulgated throuKhcfut tfie United Sfateis? -"
It is obvious (he adedythat his Ma
iB$atever'dti action tliy nurji fa patsitg iie Soujid?' L V J ,
Isay's, further-'V thahe-VquiVrHeipi; V Al'U
jesty canidt permit to hia;alfies&6m- , Ji -i :
wwmu u& aui'cc lu.ucicat nis ysiern),
und oprjyessbiSj subjectsi bydjBmartatngj j
from the ; nvgt eat iand uselessacrifices ;v
for t thr system be; not si ?r jctly aber
ed eve ry w here? ,t cannot, an v where
jin.iuvc uic cuctis- vxpeoieoirooa iff-.
StiiT (he said)"the, nropeVty i cnl v se-
mark of the" mini iter indicated rather
righ's, than backward orf cuVw'rongSkl
4ucbicieu, ana oecomesasuojeciottne f
present nrgociataow - ; f 1 !
strances have Men' sufiicienflrfiquentr V '-t'i .r
and free ;Us this wasaipeeiiPg-rnerely : T ik s ; .
' cpncuiation and a? thecTosmre . v h -,
thouhtjt most prudent to suppt5sshq' f vk
obvious answers which might iave been- fV- -
given to his observatiorrs, and which un(
der thej existing circumsfancsTshotild
not have been Qmttted.;I accordingly"
contented myselftw?th expressing ahopo
thaf our future iotercourse should le a
competition only of ond ?offices.'j?' .
In conformity to.the suggestions Con-
- 1 1, . 7 i v' i -t -T.-
tained in your letter rf jthe ; JDCC; 1 09,
I demanded" whetherf breaBr i,iam
feyt ked her blockaderae- anterior-
to the decree commonly cMIed-the
Berlin decree his Mjestyt&e Errtpe$br
would consent to reyokeUhe said decree $t
Jo which the minister anwered, that
" the only eondrtionrrequire fby herre
vocmiion oy: nisajestypotklhe decree
of Berlin, will fe a preViouscre vocation.4
lDy-the British goy eminent ot hertblV
adepfj France. or partCof Fcance(suth.'
as that. from .Elbe iaTBresit;of a data
anterior to that bfthaforciaid decreet
auu 1 1 11 incDHusn governrpent woula
then repeal jhe Orders In iouricil which
had occasioned.the decree of Milan, that
decree, should also beanuuriedi. rOuV'
unci cw uy3c;nere,na we nave nad
no rheetingj'ehher accidentalloriby ren
f f Here.fpHovrMrCbamna?BTs rsttW tdtTo
A emstron, dated Fe.l4r anct tfe cirresporid
encfc between Ccn,'TA. and NfrrVcL .which frJ.
lowed it which were inserted in the Keeuier- ,
in Joixe last. " ' ' f-tV r ' . - - . .
' ,S - - - ' t 7 t
' -V-.- 4!. J f ..'1 -i i: .
- $niabbaed P&k?2U Afaj; 1810.
similar stsittment; the erodrVdwoVk of a
new demand ibr"ia;repeai of IhV Berlin
4
6 7 " , lcvcr3 tmirrrtnKney " , t :
qoPicrJ hichuh' fay,answers;are, , cT'
ehclosedVfnv.V t'J'Vl' j ''
V teed scarcely obeoimposi f
ijble jts.forme tomaker 14, i',1:
; ',RajiV' , : ; i
Sia I liad the honorXfbHccive, by T i 4 1
Mr; Powell, :;our efu? cf t,he5th.of 1,
January; -Ja tV
1 1 fine- K Jli. . . . . t i.:- . I ".V iiV. j F
the 'MarquisWeliesleyrns-Britanmc i
aji.pHncfpa.ecretaryfiStaro : S
mtc ouorcaaea a letter to ihfe .: ,
riynd iray,;whai blockades of Francjt V
instituted by jCrearBrriaih; during. th5
rcrirnbelorehe first cf January, ;
;l607rotmderstodcl by ihisgovefn -inetaito
be in fdfee " Lora-Weile'sleyV" "
reply fo that letter, not being to ex phi. v
Jgrquesiiiig. explanation. Ijv .his
f ani informed that the blbckade'rlo1ft.,-
cu uyjLrrcae oniatn, pn .tviay itte, (roiSr
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