----J--lflBlfcSBSSStSWSSWSBS ''(M'''''''''''''''''' " lllT ' 1
I.4,,1 811.'
1 -T- 1
.... x,
LETTER III.
j(057MXSTS tXFT IT THE KGYf TlASS.
v -
These irC the pyramids, the cbelisks,
LJkc ictns, inc. iaroous xoynniD,
&c. In general all these celrbrtted
works astonish more 1); their colossal
immensity, ana pauence pos::ssea
bf those who greeted them." than by
their! taste i and their utility. ." Some of
tnexn are suu 10 or seen, un me roaa
to Cairo tore? pyramids are in view.
whicn bate resisted the deitracthe in
m - - w .
icrTiioi many incusana yearsv- it is
said that the largest of ? theses if. 2640
FreVch;fect in circumference, and s50Q
feet in height, that 100,000, meu.werej
constantly employed, and that the labor
r " l .1 r on- " - rr-L
oi crccuuu cauuxxu tor rears' y, inc
general opinion is that they were desti
ned Co be receptacles forthe dead but
' . a. t
some nave imagiRca vnai meir iromente
surfs.ee was Tntendcd to receive and jcr
' pctuate, in hieroglyphics, annals
ana tne learning oi trus aiionismng peo
pie" AY hat is remarkable in a maihe-
matical-oint of' yier.U that the four
faces of these. pyramids prfcisely cor
respond with the. four cardiffal points,
and that thej in Iikemanncr designate
.Ihe meridian. ' . -
As much oncertainty preyails relative
to tfie period at which these pyramids
were constructed, as upon the subject
of their utility. Herodotus, who wasin;
itiatcd among the priests of Egypti and
to whom we are indebted for all the, to
kens of Egyptian antiquity which we at
this time possess, fixes their construc
tion about the time of the Trojan war ;
thitb, about 1194 years before Jesus
Christ. "
The obelisks are simple monuments
of stone, supposed -to hare' been erected
in a polished age, before the, invention
cf alphabetical writing, by the Kings
of Egypt, principally at Thebes and He
litpoUs.' Several jof them were. trans
ported to Rome bythe'Emperors: and
the largest of the,who!e, which is to be
seen in cor day was conveyed thither
by the; orders cf Constantlus.
The like Maris, calculated for grea
ter utility, was formed for the purpose
of remedying the too great irregularity
of the inundations ci the Nile. The an
cients computed that it was 240 miles
or 80 leagues in circumference ; but
the medema appear to agree in the o
pmion that it is not more than 60 miles
or 20 leagues. The ancients must have
exaggerated or the lake must have been
considerably reduced in its dimensions
by the revolutions of nature.
The fimcus Labyiimh embraced a
magf.iEctnt congregation of twelve pa
laccaorfthree.hundrcd halls which com
municated with each other by an almost
Infinite number of windings and intii
cate ways.
' VBIOsif OASTS Or THE tCYPTIAN.
The ancient Egyptian stock is sup
posed to be still extant in the Copts,who
as modern travellers "tell us , are dis-tingulshcd-by
the' moral qualities of ig
norance," drhnkenness, cunning and fi
oesscThe first period of their degra
dation .was the conquest "of Egypt, by
Cambvsts, an event that accrued. "525
yerstlefore Christ. He changtd the
aUws,. persecuted the Priests, and de
molished the Temples. . me second
period is supposed to have been the pcr-
SeCUllOU V UIDUCM4JI, n vuii4uur
.ty had taken deep root in he' country
Afier the death of Camhyses, Egypt con
tinued under the Persian yoke, untiA
lcxan3er the Great overturned that mo-,
nrchy and built Alexandria. ao mm
succeeded Paolemy the son ofLi go, about
before ChrUt i and this Pto-
t lerny wis Tollowed bytenXings of that
came unril the time of the accomplish
ed and roluptucus Clccpatra, the sister
: of the last Ptolemy,' when bgypt .be
tirne a Romah prbvince,,and so continu-
....... mr'-.t
co -until tne reign oi umar, me scconu
caliph of Mahomet's successors, by
whom tjiejloraansjwcre driyeniDut af
ter a potacssion.Of 700 years.- When
ihe caliph powtr 'declined, Saladine" set
up the eropire'pf the M4tnelouks ho
eventually extended theif d6rfinion o-r
ve'ra g'real ponion of Atabii, Syria and
Afiicav A Tufkisb emptr&r;:of.ihe
name of Selim, then conquered Egypt.
Ali Bryatumptcd to wrest' lVfrom'theJ
uitomans ; out ne was deteatcd .and
killed in nrj.' -Hisadhercnts,afterhis
dei'h, kept U jn a very distracted srstej
! who1an2edet Ale: J
I RosetU an J Cairo, but
and arres'-iln their carcer.ai ou jdoo
jugation'vcr ' coldnization' of Egypt has
oecn an xijj A upon'wnicn xne rrcnen
goyernment ha for many years 'fixed
its mot -serious attention.-; Den on in
forms us that France, for a long-period
of time,' has had it for a natural objeci
of her policy ;' the mye of which, he
allerfges, is to counterbalance or to en-
deafor to destroy the British empire in
India. - If thisOnoliye sull preyai Is, we
may expect see another effort made
hvln.rttnamniriithe'dorriinionof
Egypt, and this At noyery distant period,
- r Besides the Copta,' Egypt is at pre-
Sent inhabited by various races of menr
of which the' Arabs are the most nume
rous. ' These latter are divided into three
descriptions of person namely : The
Arab Shepherd.1 who is lively and ot a
p-'netrating phisiognomy ; the Badouin
Arab, who lives in a state of continual
warfare, and is Of a savage and ferocious
character ; and, Jasly, the Arab'culti
vator, the most. civilized, the most cor
rupted and the most degraded of the
threev There is;a!so, the dull and heavy
Turk,rthe wily Greek, the accumulating
Jew whose character
is every where the
same, and tne uaraDras
oras, irom xsuoia
and the frontiers .Abbysinia, of a jetty,
shining black. The higher class of E-
gyptian . women have some interesting
points of character, but the lower orders
are by no mean fascinating. Despotism
and frequent subjugation have instilled
into the, minds of the men the most ser
vile principles, and accustomed them to
the most abandoned vices ; whilst the
jtalQUi notions of their roasters have
doomed the females to a life of seclu
sion. As typical of their abject condi
. . a, a. . .
tton, the Ass, that dull -beast in otner
countries; seems to exist in the highest
perfection in Egypt, and is comparative
ly speaking, quite a lively animal. The
fruitfulness of Egypt is proverbial and
under proper cultivation it would be a
granary for Europe. C
LETTER IT.
. OT THE
PllfXIilCUXS AND CAUTIUGEXIANS.
Phoenicia was a sterile country, bor.
v j
1 .
dering upon. tne eastern extremity of
the Mediterranean Sea. It was there
that commerce first took birth. It is
said the ancient and famous city of Si.
don was the first to cultivate it. This
city, in moment of its greatest splen
dor, founded the colony of TyreJ which,
after a time surpassed the parent state.
Tyre, erected upon the same continent,
and at no great distance from Sidon, be
came the arbiter of commerce and the
mistress of the sea, when it was besieg-
1 . Tk ',73 L KZ
these was Nabuchadonosor, so famous II
. . At; l 1
IU ItWII Willi., K....Vw w.f.wUl 1
D'Acre.y the in idity and skill of shorty former terrible" downfall, ' CaT-, and ot course the government letjs wtijer
SftjSidDCT Smith.ViirUuhayal officer thfge existed forVabout rpd years but. $nconyeniet)ce .roucVaatlpp.i:
of ereitmerlM "'v- ' - it is only the last century of her history Onlyten ear'ago, noiiait.dreamt;pC
svrh0mVi 1 v n,Sht Knt the sub- which excites ereaV interest; because it seeing clotri. for hisLcpat tfiade jpVme
A aaa. al ha kaft . 1 Vat U A kaV fatal W w W W V w m m M " ' .1
w;u0" .rrrrr; htions'with England, which they re
habitants, however, were not extirpated II . . r .
v r.k.::
w 9 ! I
city, erected a new one on a little isl
and, at a small distance from their fot
mer- situation. This celebrated city,
become a second time the sovereign of
the seas, and a' mart for the riches of ;
the wotld, fell beneath the sword of Al-"
exander the .Great, who bticarae master
of it after a laborious siege, and totally'
destroyed it.. ; . z -
The celebrated Dtdo, being compel-
led to fly from Tv re. to escape the avi-
dity cf her brother King Pygmalion,
who, for the saXe of hilweth hail
basely murdered her husband Sichceus, lV cav iruma pe
one of the prieslsof 'Herculeswas hUha?1
followed by several vessels with'adhef
.... ..j ' ..m;.V w-if
tout of Africa oppbrite to Sicily. ,She
..v.V?j ir u .i-
cduTd,incomp. vrith a bull', hide-
which, cutting into small stripe?, enviff
.k-Sw .M.Hiin.iL-
t&5e,Wh from thii female trick, haV
k.-. i.n.a h: .W.. .h. w.v
Dido founded Carthage: about the 70th
v-..v "j i .-j .... ii
,r flf Rnme Vifmfmnda thatihft
kille"d 'heMelf' laui? eaV forsook I
her
be:
Xins.oftbe1
ccd h er' b y i
Kaia I Vi ar vinl.l. ' k.ta, tmn, fl tiMi (ttf
V but this is mere fiction.hich may wc .I .!
well permitted toTCpoet Hilrbasd and climate cvme ncmnronan.
Gejulians, -would hate for " puuu uvr.
innVto marry him, but ra- Europe $ dVepie, being
husband she? put art end to her : lilei-!
' v
ria, proceeded to 11 dislmguisHed; m Justorr iy heryasri cnaoge trpm one ocevpanono anoinert nyy
I a II.. . . . l ' I'll.. .1 . r . -IL.i I i; Ula
trere repuisea n weaun, ner greai power, neriongsirug- i"r sngnswgnuqa iraucw i,? i
gle fof the empire of the world ; and, in
embraces the three famous piinic warsr(
anane ceieoraiea exptau;onoi
nibah
Front a iate, London Paper,
i
AMERICAN STATES.
The dispute with America seems to
'''.
be brought to a close, or nearly so, and
appearances would indicate that an open
rupture will be the consequence. I do
not oeiieve mat an openv rupture win
take place ; at leavt, I do not believethat
it will end in a tv4r. But, in the mean-
while, it'is proper to see the grounds of!
dispute in the right light, and endeavor
to lorm a correct opinion as to us con
sequence. In the last volume of the Re
gister, see Raleigh Register of March
28 I gave a clear and concise history
m the dispute, io that volume I must
refer the reader for full information up
on the subject ; and the historical part
bf the article' containing references to
the documents in support of the several
I . fc aJcuracy of the whuIc Xhe
f ' . kt;u.,i
on (he 5th. of December last, at which
time I could not of course know what
was then passing and had: just passed
in America. By a reference to that
number, it will be seen, that the" last of
came' down tb,2d of November. They J
me documents, men in our possession.
consisted, as will be seen, of a proda
roatioo of the President, Mr. Madison,
and of a circular letter of the Secretary
of theTreasury, dated on the 2d of No
vember. Since that time there haveu
been published se veral important docu-
relating to the subject. v -
It clearly, appears that the American
government is resolved not to permit a-
ny intercourse with us, unless we annul
our orders in council and revoke oursys-
'em 01 paper oiocKaoe. ants our min
isters seem resolved not todo ; ana were
not things in a wrong shape, I should
commend them for their resolution. If
they ttoOd upon the k manly ground1 of
maritime Siverctgnty, I should say that
1 hey did well ; but even then, as I said
in the article above referred to, they,
seem bound, in consequence of their
promises, to do away what the Ameri
cans complain of, if the rench have
repealed their Berlin and Milan decrees,
and this, I believe, they have done. The
question of right, howeverrno one can
settle, in the case of nations. It is mat
ter of expediency ; and we have only to
enquire wnetner u us or pe not expedi
ent for the Americans to break with us
upon this ground I am of opinion that
it is. The persons who are now, and for
some years have been' at the.head of
A r..,..aa1i.iit;!.. .
iianairs tuuiciiwa aic an iio&iuc to
f .
Bar Ba oangciou 10 mcuiocrues 01 a-
m aM I h tr niv '...n nii.t RinVci
an 0: East-India companies, and meet-
in s of merchants and bankers, have pro
c sd mr England and ,mey seem to
haveVresotved thatrthe same shall not
happeirin their country . The stoppage
ofintercoiirse which toojc place two years
ago produced a wonderful effect itf A'
merica.'(rlt turned numbers, arid very
great numrjers ot tnose wno were oetore
r?!KrlV" "'K
AMlAMA-f 4M m m a am rm ' a-l W .1 . mm.
cauieior exports ion Mt mrned great
! ff?.
in."1.? poruoii
ofthepeoplemgroanufactdrers, who
If'-' Pa"? f
Jbis lunedom. and especially from Ire
!nf r.f,? brave?
i::1 - tfu
F part, in agriculture. When, there-
hupendatfce:of the so.Vhey
fell toworktamaking woollen and Imen
LB"ulD"
i .i i . i : : i i ii .i
inm5s wnicn wcreiimporieo irom r.ng
Pand W
IUC tvgivaa uiaub in uiouut
1 1 uuourucncu ' wiui wr. auu,ui course
'W
raaiaa.anlananlinalaiirfia.l,r
ricay Now, they f make as; good ;clptrj j
' ''.'.. k - a. V, m I
ian--iii"crq c l4,ucici firw jcaaiuiisci-
consequence. lianas mat wcrea wii-
derness .when I was in tbat.coun
re
tjow not only settled, hut have, now con?
siaeraoi manuiactoriea esiaonsneuu
The following statementwhicn I co
py jn?m me miumgre ivenin rosi
me -iuui.uec. is iu, will enaoie me ica
der to fof m s ome ideaoF;ther progress
that manufactures are making, fie wilt
observe that these , are, all out the first
settlements, quite recently formed. The
land was covered with woods only about
12 or t$ years ago; One" of them is,
he will perceive, in Kentucky ; and when
he has ! well considered this statement.
he will want little jnoretp enable him;
to say when thenannfactures of Eng
land' vill cease to he wanted in America.
Ultier Cbunty. Krk contains 26.576
inhabitants who during the last year made
349,329 yards of cloth 9 The increase of in
' . . - - m a I ',! .
habitants in Ulster ana auiuvan counties 1
latter . lately taken from the former) since
I last census, appears to be 7o3I
Total in 1819 32,U4
Do. 1800 24.853
h . -:r ' v 7,831
u Genpessee county ' has 12,647 inhabitants
ten years since it was almost a wilderness
who during the present year manufactured
29,767 yds. woo! cloth, 7.7UU gwhisKey,
16,690 do. linen do. 1,400 bush, salt.
2,427 do. cotton dor 187 tons potajh.
?
" fefferton county has 15.136 inliabitants--?
wholasl year manufactured about.64,KX) yards
ot ciotnv o,uuu ot wmcn were woouen ; mey
have 23 505 sheep. ! "
" Neiton county, Kentucky has 14, 633 inha
bitants-who last year manufactured
190.880 yds. of cloth. . 1.00Q gi lins. oil.
.76,370 lbs. sugar - 28.000 lbs cut nails
200,006 do. hemp - . . 2.000 do. powder
160,105 g. whiskey -4,550 hides."
125,009 lbs spuiKyarn.. .
: It is not in the nature . of things that
sjch a country should remain dependent
upon jthis, or any other, for its .wearing
apparel or household furniture. Com
pare the number of yards o cloth; with
tKV'nnrnhr nf nersons. andl vou will
soon see what the country is capable of, '
and what it is actually doin'g IHsas
I before observed, a favorite object with
Mr. Madison and with all those who
have much influence in America, to ren
der their country independent of this
and all other countries : but, especially
to Wan it off from this country, whence
they have most reason to apprehend
those mischiefs which they are anxious
to. nrevent External commerce nas
never been a favorite with thern ; and
if they quarrel about' it with other na
tionsl it' is mereljr forthe purpose of
trettiner plausible wounds for shutting
it out. So that our ministers appear
to me to be; doir.g precisely Hhe thing
that) the American government most
earnestly wishes for ; . and, I shall be
very much deceived indeed, u weuo not
find the' Jatter so rriariage the dispute in
future as to prevent the Commercial in
tercodrse from being rene wed ai1 any
future period.' .The suspensionaof it
belore have prepared the. way gradually
for 4 copaplete and perpetual putting an
enoico it , ano, as u noining was to oe
lett-iindone ; in the w6ik ' ike deliver
anU of Europe by the Pitt iSchcol-has
thrown a fair share of the flocks of Spain
into; the hands of the Americans, arid
he same work of dtlvoej once. has;
for 13 years, been seipding manufactu-;
rereto make-the wool intocloth. J
To. Americantm'merce7 therefore,
we may now bid adieu, I think fore ver J
anujeryvgjao snan i oe)i it, oe ng luiiy:
convinced, that toxternal commerce
we owe no small part of the 'evils wej-.
endure ; and that external canl'merce is
not -at all necessary either to the inde
pendence or the happiness of England.
Indee, I am fa'ly onyinceid, that the
Ixail icon tjaiyi Sv i hcaseand that iti
to:this species Com
tountfy now .pw.es;the far greater part
of its dafieersTand ns --iiitserie8:Udir'
der
tarj
tidn
rfcahy millions' has thfscommcrvrcost
us in neets, in armies, -njcoaroys, m an
theonglisvof contractors and j obbers
" " a- '"fc.'S .-.' . a - . . -
belonging to. him i laail growing;
out of this eternal commercfe It How
many millions haveiheiiait India Com I
' 1 1 " tiri' 1 ? A
pany cqsi us r. now many.owiiODSjiavef4
lWar laMfi tAtlrieraifiyihMvn'-AliMakaa' " .T 1 rrF Kl.-rtlnahl iVAtkVfUVMvi t H Cf Vafa.
misqnieis -naaxnis wmroerceDro'r. i
laimfbnoyusamaware; V?i ! !(
the. desfrucfion; of Jexrnandmmert . . i
-will oe'inctudeiTf ne'fiiii) of maiV wor-f ;' Jf ; ;
ofmanv
thy indivto for' ': ?
themi must feel more for mrcoanffyU- , !r
1 shall ntinthiubie
feissit?pb'sessw or three, thoti.
cient ta conduct the etonal department of the
-watcJitqaa;-a in .
theJPrJntjhgl, ookbipdi
Ijns'mayjhave pe
and bring thefniost aninfe and uhcxceDtibnable
'.- .t' i(a 1
1 recdmieiatipAleri;oaf ike- subject joust. '-kiJ:i!
-.be post paid, ajitf addresesl to-jt'cW'' .XV-4:: ; '; irBlf F
,.vy umington ueu JAlay 15. I :v; :''
giving the above
. j - a. : l . -ar'- - it , tf-2a .
ot -bomgarobnai
a. , . 1 . . - i .r
striped homesptin byr coaf, antfaTclse.hodied . "
coat of honjespun, i With conbn pantaloons--. - :
He calls rhimself t Ishatri The Owiier is irei (
u.biu w; tome iui wa.ru.-r prove pis proper
. nJ tata WUa a'-l-.'l. - It- J jF-
v- 'Av.7 07 PJ.n'g jnargeSf f ;t
Mav 10. 1811.;. v i.-'.-4;,irt--.'-K-3 .
Committed
papers confer .aty.pi? byv tmH i .
feinsentons:di "'; f '
Lne 1 ud vrnesaay xne otn instf at my Wouse-fin ; -;vt
living about twenty miles frorrv the 3td Ifatron' 1 4
: Ford on the CatawaSagr3ia about27 -0MU
; years oIo five feet eight inches highf a ye!. ''fM& f
low complexiorAhad on :wheb -iietfin jJI
TO T U B J Al I. QFB E j Y 'v:&, ; : jllcl 'i '
- "HipiwuerH ui v uiiani Ai.iveenva: r --.n- .'r:
to.come torwarda-jny, cjhareesj'.afed rike'hmt
away, or he will be dealt With a the laWdi i
rects.
JAME$ PALMER,-
Windsor, May 27(- Stll
:Jador-,fB
4-.
NEW BOOKS
J ; GALES has jiisl(.teVYiv.iiat
bhfa the followTngr newjc valuable Books.
T Selw"ms"'Nnji Pritis- Vofcsiu' :
' ''iobn6nVllerjoft,4Aa :J
V. Bajj!s-diittfsnl.:: -y
::;TEa4?yoJdit
' Ev ns;Trial, a case of As.auit and Battery ir
including an interesting disrussion respecting "f ; . -
the discipline of theocieioffriends. t V ' ut
Taurrfon-SM. ditto,-oVJA . -til
s Swift's Evidence, v" i:Ar4iVW.-f.-
Medical LexicoiVinthe-mannof I '"'
i ' k. NewiUniversaliand PronOTncint A ' :
Dfcuon4iry;of itlie FrencJt and
Xuages, iryois.S y , .; -m tr.-f
Spanish; Gramma v tfm. mf.
Paleyi Theology
Buck'a.TiieofogicalDictitmaiyi 2 yoisi
- Miscellaneous. Worjii 2-vplsV i.
Lempriefes Classical dictionary,
' .liistpripal GrainmarHI
three
and jud
: xcrirer-SAbridgm't ojf the'Arts& Scieocci, -.
herspodn'a PfilWm rfeif
: vV ' :. i8cemea,:4
BIair,ophical:mafe(VO
: ..-Chyniical ifditttfl -V ''1 P
btauntonV Embassy. tChina' v ;.,'rv --"f '
- belpleHisio,&mpek ;
Gass'a Journal of LevriV & ClarkYVova i4t: t)
frMiWs I ;
tronomy rK:Ator 5
ajaCiotihe "
Vr its ife the EthshXanrua &ta.zl & trt&rtti :A Mr
distinct hadsfcf lterwfcKpArt&'&Z- ,
ial;fe(crywih:.Hisr6rrI ; ' 1
iustrationa.
to Ihe S
' anli:;prceo.C?Elc4iieii
Thbse whoiare"n pMaesiortiof the i Ci'tJf!?.J
VbtanVeXiriay befiU
aJ rVolom brXorwirdig
trf
Am
''-mm
t; XX
f :
1 ... .
. ! !. ..
(';'
5