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FRIDAY'lOGTOEfti.'tSlS.
,- m m ' ' f l , " ., '
Vol. XIV.
POLITICAL.
. riir. WAll IN caxada.
We are mtife t " opportunity of lavjiig
btfaroof rcf production on. tW
object from .he pen of ih f
W (John, Dick.nn, vho
L fjrmall fillrd with Krat ability the
.Gofcnnrx-ul Cbtf of IVntujlrama and
Delaware) hie writintn have been al
' wava ailrairedaa much far tbeiroodaene,
ai for iheir liberality and palnotiira. The
foliowmjf letter appears io the Vhxladcl
(itlphia Democratic Presa, addretedto
theaUcctota and all tlie candkl CHUena of
Pennivltrania. New Jew and Delaware l
kut it ii equally intrrettingto the CUUena!
d CTtry aiaie in umuu. . . .
' " .
' Fellow Cii!zcnss rtu?h com
pUiut has been ciade against the U?
rniniiiratioo ba account ef the a.ledg
etl dWgraces u ?ur arm lanr-u
may be worth While; for the sake cf
those who have not the leisure or the
books of history at tnnd to examine
for themselves, brieflv to inform you
what was-the pr.grts and character
ofthetnmpaigos from this couUtry
aga.nit Cinadn ib the okl Frenrh war j
At 1755, as it is usually Cklicd, when j
lhat province belonged ti r ranee.
We were then a part of the ttriiish
empire, and ol coumc all that we did
was done under British direction, b
British ministers, with British re
sources, British troops, British officers-and
British skilU vEvery can
did mind w no wilTaccompany mcio
this short revietr, will, I think, be
compensated in tne facts the narra
tive will embrace ; Tor thcy have a
peculiar inicTcst at the present mo
ment The first campyn against Can'idn l
in this war wis undertaken in '1 755. Jj
The French," besides holding botn
Upper and Lwcr 'Canada asthe Bn
tish do now, Kad posseased triemsclve
in that day of Fort du Qusnc. now
Pittsburg whe-nte with an active gr
rison, they were enabled to4 threaten
the peace and security otan immense
range of frontier country bslcnging
tn these state; The p-n' of this
camaVgnol 175 w.is, to enter the
Canada at three dirfeicm points 1st
at Fort du Qafn? i 2d u Niagara ;
and 3d by the way of LakeChampIain.
The simiiiiude of this campaign un
dertaken near sixty yeara agd, to that
of the last year is curiously striking.
Changing Maiden for Fort du Que
ne, it is prcciicljrthc aaracs and for
all the obiect of Indian aud French!
annoyance; Fort dd Qucane was the j
iiaiuen oi n. tv '
too, stood aPke "to thdnorth west.
To Geo faraddock was given the
command of tHe expedition in the
north west against Fort du Ques'nc.
GovernqV Shirley of Massathusrtu
was to couduct the one against Nia
gara.; and G eh. Wiiiiam Johnston,
one of the king's council o N e w York
that which was to assemble on Lake
Champiain. Thcfojcc put under
the command of the first amounted
in the whole to a couple of ih u?aod
men. That under Gov Shirley to
abcut fifteen hundred ; and General
TnKniAn't rnmffland to lh)wards of
four thousand, making an entire ar
my, including the reserves to be used
incase, of need, of not less than ten
thousaod men. The troops were ill
ormposcd of British or provincial re
ctdars. From such preparation much
was expected. The wrds olr one
of thp historians are, that , the most
sanguine anticlpatims were iudu ged
cf the result of the campaign."
l VUiiJIIJV wv.- - - i
the. Mononeahela is still!
familiar tn the1 very-childien of our
rountrv. With an -aw ful ilUcdnifi-
ture his force was struck down if wi;h
less di?grace in all things thih Hull,
ceruinly with mora of disaster, witn
more of horror, hbtK in itself and its
ccnitqaencet.' "The,; expdiaon'a.
gainst Niagara failed aa euctuaUjr as
.that of last fall under Van Renssalear
and Smith. ' Althnughthe troopaas
scrublcdat that point, yet suth had
been thrkleltys that the season was
passed ovr-unimprored & tHe enteV
prr - abjadoaetlt . That agafnst
I the Lowcr Provinie by the wiy, of
1 L kc Cham plain terminated adt ; more.
successiuuy it was atsappomtea oi
an us oojects. a qe, troops,, ojrf-tae
lays acd : hais managements Iid not
meet at their Dlace of rendczvbus. till
the. ..last of August, although thcy
should, have . been in lull marcH 'two
months V&tXict,; and ih thpenbyin
teacl dt e'ttiug possession Aof Crown
Point, at whfch Gen. Johnston ; had.
aimed, the French commander Baron
Dieskaii, who had advanced ;roml
iiootreai to meet ana artrc oavi me
uruisn actuauy ooiameu, ioruncu,
and kept 'posses'stoci of Ttcbndertiga.
This post it was within the British
plan to have, taken at the onset, pre
vious to the attack upon Crown Point
which lies considerably to the north
of it.
' It is " very femarkable that -the
French all this while had fewer than
fifteen hundred regular ' tro6pa and
not more than six 'hundred Canadr.nl
militia. They had indeed, like, the
Kngliilh at jlresenty the savagea as
their subsidies ; and the presses, the
pamphlets, the public speeches, the
pulpits lif-Britaraand 'of New-England,
rung with the enormity of the
alliance. -Thus terminated the cam
paignof 1755'.
Great mortification was felt at its
issue ; yet from the past disasters
new resolution Was taken. A' fc6r
venHbn of several of the Kingi 'Go
vernors was immediately 'assembled
at New York to senle the plan of the
next campaign. It was determined
that-k should be prosecuted .upon a
acale tooverwheltA 'the enemy and
rein sta the. ptbwess of the British
arms. TTie same three poind were
to be assailed, but with a force far
different.. Foi FortduQuesne, three
thousand men were allotted ; for Ni
agara six thousand for Crown Point
ten thousand; making in all a bddy
of nineteen thousand. 'The Karl of
Loudoun,' who Had cinch outfrom
England, was to have the chief com -rrund
ot the whole, and able" pffitcrs
wcrt assigned to each particular ex
pedition. .Great effort were marie,
great expense incTcd. The' Go.
vcrnors and legislative bodies, espe
cially of the New-Engalnd colon-es,
urged on preparations in therecruiU
jng service, and every other branch,
with a zeal which disappointment at
the past and sanguine hopes tor the
future had raised to. a, high pitch
But, the spring had passed away, and
the summer was beginning to pass a
way. without witnessing much more
than plana and hopes. , While the ar
my was losing time with disputes a.
bout the right of British officers to
out-rank 'the anglo-Amerieans, and
tsther . things not . more important,
'Montcalm, who had succeeded Dies
kau in the command of the French
troops in Canada, advanced from his
own lines and suddenly openld his
artillery upon Oswego oo-taae
Ontario. This post; although garri
soned with two veteran regiments a
mounting together to sixteen hun
dred men, and supplied with provi
sibos for five months, capitulated in a
few hours, and the whole garrison
became prisoners of war A "naval
armament upon this lake (the same
where c-ur Chauncey's proud scjuad
ron now rides) fell, at the same time,
into the hands of Montcalm; This
sudden blow put back the prepara
tion ol the. English. f The force des.
tintd to Act against Tconderpga jnd
Citjwn Point, although now actually
amounting to bct.-cen seven and eighi
thousand men and advanced to th
neighborhood of Lake George, in
stead of pushing on, thought only of
securing the 'surrounding countr)
from invasion; A state of inactivi
ty followed, durjn'g which a severe
sickness twice buramong the; tro. ps
at Albany, which had been their place
of principal depoti -; This combined
with Montcalm's acUvityVncl mena
ces, produced such;dUci3urgernent
that the expediriooa': at all tiie-other
pdims were given upvaod thccam
paign t)f 1756, was broughttp.a most
uaexpectcdas well' as untoi tunatc
close t ' ' ; " ;
"Thus terminated says Marsha!,
vior.a secona time, in aeieat anu
Utter disappointment. the , sanguine
hopes formed Jjy the , colonists, pf :
brilliant and efficient camnaieri. : An
immeqsity of labor had beeri employ
ed, and money expended, in . collect
ing from a great distance! by.Jand,
troops provisions anti VniHury stores
at Albany,- afld trani pon bg the mfr'bni
thence through a.rxalmbst unsettled
country 'to :taVeCeoftDt Sfr
all their labors andfexpeosive pren
rations, not an effort hadbeen made
to! drive the enemy.even from his
own out-post at TicomJeroga.? ; it
is luruit-r rema aanie mat during mis
second campaign, the whole force un
der Montcalm, including French Ca-
j nadiahs fhd Indians, rJid not exceed
five thousand. AU these events, i m
probahle. fa ther may Ibk, are . re
corded Be(xnap, Minot, Marshall
and qthers.v t ; rV
And, will it now. b'c said, thatbiir
failures in t(ie, present war have been
so egregious or unprecedented ? j If
we are thre time or four times more
populous now than we were then, had
we not then British soldiers and Bri
tish Generals to fight with us and for
us, making our armiesmore for"midar
urc man c navc.yci seen mem in
the field "iu our day ?, Why, too,
should we dwell upon the miscarna-.
ges only in. our war forgetting the
Jbri!jiant achievement of . Yort ; for
getting how the battlements at fort
Gforge also fell : the repulse at fort
Meigs ; the repulse at Sackett's Har
bor i the repulse at Craney Island ;
the glonou repulse at Saridusky,' all
within the first year of our operations
by land. I leave out, as not surg
ed, if equalled, in the annals of man
kind our triumfjlutit exploits upon the
But Ik us pursue tne, historical sum
marv Notwithstanding the disas-
ttrs which . attended the combined
arms and efforts of Britain and her
colonies, they were not disheartened.
I hey determined upon better prepaJ
rations tor a third - campaign, i o
th"s end a council was held at Bbstbn
consisting of the commander in chief
j Lord Loutroun, Sc his miestv ftov-
. crnor oi nis ami iaiuiiu provinces oi
Wew England, laithlul through all re-
vers, still ready in this war upon
Canada to make the taost loyal and
persevering sacrifices. The plan of
oneratiODS was, this time, changed
'The three old points of du Quesoe,
r Niagara & Champlain, having been
for two successive years converted by
the French into points of invasion and
assault, were, lor tne present, given
over as points of annoyance and con
quest. The English admiral Holbourn
arrived at fialiiax rn July 1757 with a
powerful fleet, and a reinforcement of
five thousand regular troops under
general George Viscount Howe.
The nlaniiow was to leave the British
posts in the neighborhood of the. lakes
Strongly garrisoned, the British com-1
manaer in cniei aeterminmg to em
ploy a poweriul force, which would
still be left at his disposal, against
Louisburgn in the Island of Cape
Breton, which thc :French then held
and the reduction of which it was cbn
fidendy expected would greatly assist
future. Operations updh' Canada. To
this purpose, takiher six thousand of
hfs best regulars, he sailed frbm' New
York foi1 Halifax, and formed a junc
tion with' the army, of General Howe
and the fleet of Admiral H olbourn.
This armament was as complete in all
things as it was formidable in num
bers.: But after this display at Hali
fax of land & naval forces, it is an asi
tonibhmg fact that nothing was donei
So much time was iost before its as
semblage, that the French5 were just
tnaoieu to tnrow in;reimorcemems
upon! Louinburgh. The British the'n
relinquished the intended attack, and
both the general and the admiral fe-!
urned 'to New York so late intKe
season that no further offensive ope
ration
sin adyquarteTWte thought ort
it year. i3uc tc' campaign
for thi
not end here, ahh
ouch l
he British
were wilhtitf-rtti should ' Mbntcalma
witH'ari actitit and skill in 'all'tttrigs
'"iAH J
oti tne; tngllSO, rnpvea aown lase
Champlai while they, wete moving
ofT tb Hahfix. ti qolectmgte gari
sons of Crown IoinTicohd"erbga&
totne of his other forts, as well aahja
Iqdians, he fell . upon fort Wn'iatel 4
on fort Mei a and the fort afcHanduV
tne oia ana tne recencinvasioa. -r r n
William Henry stood m the statejof
New Yorlcnot far from lake George
Aithoukhrrisxnaed: by ihiree jthoti--sand
troppsv wlWtnexo0Sctlcns
stron? andrin cxceilent condition it
surrendered after a Jew days invest
menu This extraordinary surrender
tocik place? alsb, Vi hile geheral rWhh
corrimanded at fort Ed ward (wnicfi
was in tqe.Vicinity of ;fort Willianii i
Henry) with an army ot tour thousand
men. The greatest exertions being
made to brrnp; qui the; militia of Nfcv
Yot k and New England after the fajl
of fort William HenrVlhe toreint of !
rrencb'add Indian, invasion was pre-
ven ted rushing further on, ttor thii
had now , become "toe great and om
object. 1 hus ended the, campaign
of 1 757 haying becto mote expeosiv e
more abortive." and, if possible more
disgraceful thn either of the precedf
ingwi Not a single object was .yet ac
complished by. the British during.this
war of already three years . coniioW
ancc, but on the contrary every, thing
ost. Fort after tort, army after ar
my, had been successively surrender
ed, though-the epttre force of the
French "still kept far below that ot the
British; Canadians, Indiacs and
Eurbpeaiis all combined, t had not
yet exceeded nine thouwtod men,
The news of such protracted awd
sighal discomfitures in North A rrjerri
ca, created a powerful sensation 4n
England.. Takin in connexioU with
some defeats her arms had sustamea
in the old world, there Were notMant
ling those. -say, the historians, who se
I riously7offghHhe energy and cou
j rageof Britain ion tbe declihe Atevo- ih
iut:on now too yaace m ne capmci
I Mr. Pitt, afterwarils the reat Earl of
Chatham, was put at the hrad of af
fairs. He began, with writing a xir -
I tuuir rcucr iu an um, muiuwi
ernors to rexinuie tne aimosi waateu
spirit of the war. For the campaign
x( 1758, preparations were made up-
on a scale of magnitude, such as had
not before been see n, and in propbr.
tion to he danger which seemedfto
nortend the overthrow of British now
f t on this continent. Admiral Bos
cowen arrived at Halifax w'nh SOaVipa
of the line and 18 fi igatea, bringing
with him an army of twelye thousand
British troops under Gen. : Amherst
fhe New England states-s till firm
and loyal, still undismayed through all
trials in their-co operation .with the
arms of the mother country, furnish
ed full fifteen thousand men to the
common obiecl. The Earl of Lou
dbun returned to' Enjjland, arid; was
succeeded'in tfie chitif command by
Uenerai .Dercromoie, wnose lanu
forces of every describdoh fbr : trier
campaign, amoumea, accoraing to
Belsham, to fifty thousand mcoftwerf
ty thousand of $honv were VAmeri-
cans ,1 ne points oi aiiacx were co
be, against Lbhisburgh," against thc
noatS the French had establishttd on-
lake Champlain, and'ngainst the? did
fort Hn Qitl-sne' "kiThe first was cool
d acted by the? land and naval forces
lindr Wberals AniHurst and Wolfe.
and admiral Boscawed," and wVf buc-
ccsful General Forbes with an aK
my Oi eight thousand, cairieq tort au
Qoesne without? contest, which thus
jell at last intb ' the hads of the Bri
tish at the fourth.,cmpaign. j,,lhfc
expedition upon lake Champlain Was
conducted by' general Abercrohlbie
in person, at tne neaa oi sixteen iuou-
sadd effecttVes. But it wnoJiy tailed.
AtTiconderoca the French gave him
a bloody, battle and detcat wttn tnie-
nor numbersfcdrivin htni baci and
witn auvamage uvci mm wvwsj,
cnrtltd tfcfrt of Vlnishi 't with
much letrrftRce?
li the contrast of tfie eiaystirrpii
lrietocontitt " :M
caiibttf thewaTcarftpaimof f A ,
e successes
;es of tne precedtnyear y, '
TheV iWerc ITb
irarki seclQhS !
with the laid; of 4 po . :
U s oeerjiesa to deuujtri particulars ;H '
of this (caropago being sp.wjo kopwtiv r , ; r
as the one in which the British fins
crevlfecfc iWoIfe v!c
11 IV
ajfULjand ". die0o)osk '
e ered on . .
ailv woh aiod ;Wbj j wewt aifiemts ofe "
the Jeberafl
Both the Canapa were; npubdued v
fhe French eredrtvedWrotno 1
continent andthe ktiil ot Uieaygl
annoyed us tfoOr
bgame our fcjes at Bbi:o)fpjuBjrty
lutiom v? Since :then i has,! noK 'il u'
it ever cease to aiiss;tl.tna
E rVglisriy in their turnV are " expelled ; .
from bur r'derlK-.' V' I'&tfj? X ' -:
Fellow cUitensV have giVtnyott
this - rapid sfcetch biNhe) principal e
vents oi. an? important war on our own
continent where i ou Ifldeericlent '
arms are, nptfi eropipyerj. You may
se5 frorn, tt,that disennglcrfttVrn
. ' ' - . ' : . ' -S t... ' .
oritisn connexion, wa are lixeiv to ao
avmudirpetter:hy:'pu
military vier, as we Veeh'aWpbliti
ucauy. ii win prove ignorance ot our
owrV hlstbr iti HhoW ho elamour
but at what tKeyhcall the, iinpre'ceden
ted disasi bfr
as equally URipUnded? alf hiat tfieV
war; it has, done bettef in ne yeat oy
land yesieveu by' landthah a.ri
dsb, govern mehvlittshb
and British gedraKcriuId xo4tbffW
History shbwsiis to be a facitV Our
wah promise lio efas glorious as it
is jusW Support it, , Before God &
man it is just; ahb the morewHlin
i-diem exertions tbL
garry ivpn, the sioner tu'oa ccK:
tainly haye !.a safe and Jdst peice.
Joseph Boss &MSrk Gdofe
.ROSS & COOKE. . ... s:: r
Hope, by attentlon to ttaoae 4lidisaytbufi
to-iip thSwith their vcoatohii i& tiKtix
kepa?genrtaiOftiitoliCrc knJ
wtlf etttfceifc,Stocr.of Gooa on . thm- V t
terat tsaafe.terttge
Bank Uroket' JBosinesrrUt be cbtitratwd as ' "u
y$oe&Jlon t7 Will ihortly, hav5
very ; roomy, Siorefc :hey will! beefiabll ; h
wcwequantitybt roBuce: which may
be sent to their car. ;l -; Y'f fTT ,
ON AXE,"
ITIJIhe; Subset en H
high weU pg torfprn, SVck lipiyioW
head, walks yry su,i,t; peakaho5. vhS
,crJv Watfeye;; exttadioiJ
ima the ha,r hlaheao jSaa ay doaUji I
with htm, amopgai others ablack anwom I
fur hat nenlj worn hat: ne Wu
coaatry iknh coawatped with cotton aW
j wui give tne above RemttAta 'iJLA2
whowaidelif to rteOfcS - V 4
-3
5 A
41
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