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' '' ' -1 -r r . .-' 71., i,..-VvV7 . , ;. .-v.i Jrt-!rV- i?cTi.'': O- -- re,-Tfc.-r SiS.'t- uinttH!'" H' . j.',m tto Ji .. !. -v : t i . - -- : - t'f XV. 4 J - EXPATRIATION..; ' - the rcrnifk of Mr. Ro ?eribieh lute pkure i Ur! red! 1 our rcadtri: now to i subject which,' at w . I , .u utdmitted to be of sufficient Tbcr afce f81 wetk P1 iohmitted i tcioluilob o ap Sit i commute to.eoqoire into the the exerusc 01 ..6- -,kti Vcr' tnuch to ray turn ictxeitwis then, boih by my poiiti a? mcodi and foes, deemed : too m-K-ti5cc:of too tnischicvpus ta.be c5enii3fd with cwnmoo atteuddo. Ocsticmcn from either side of. the rushed forward with 'cigerness v by ihe phantom which their own jjinatioos had treated; j Accord-c-u. sotne; it interfered with con. ttmpiittd negociat!oo ;-others tho't its mture tod abstract j others iac ia it s violation, o f the municipai la cl toreigo countries and there rre out a few who deduced from it cocrAingemeor to' desertion and all fcltdi&l 'abomination. That propo i'coo indecdihave beco aa ano Italy ia politics, wHich united in op fecsitioato it the federalism ol , Mas-i-chofctu and the democracy of Ten qcxxc the commonly called correct t2ienundag the gctitleraan from Kev-York (Mr. Oakley) and the ccriphjsical mind of mv friend from Soiah-Carolina (Mr. Calhoun;) yer u kwis t it was convenient o ar itstia progress ; tnd thiwas' Uoae bjr.jtntlrsjen who1 amysc the hobse tUijirBmiJ'aDdut 'morat tteasim, tsl yha abstract, dhqartitioosr'or wbtt.coatitutes th differeoce he- rwtn fefitinvalf and' fiidtiorui ooooiri "TO . , j , -rrr tios. . it sris laid upon the tabic, and tlu.citMs been suffered to Ke. Bat scene it changed';, as It is now sisicd into contebuence as far trnc ending its real Ointexxsions, as it formerly diminished belosr tnta ;isthe genUtman from New York btfore me Mr. GroWenor) cooecuag in one ma&Vexpatriatioo', ci&igrauoo, alhgiance and retaliation, baUta pleased to salit jWas more tocxcstousthin any question which ense to the.war,or to discussion tkUbous,iD&nitcly more interest i&an impressment itself; 1 shall, itb the good leave Df geqtlcmenon aiyjfcf occasion, present it again to "eircocsideraiion. But dragged as i: ii covr before the wnriiiittee, al cch nothing can ! result from the cxioiaitioB, I will not psswithout jaicc, icmc ot the doctrines which wve been advocated by gentlemen in before proceeding further I can wetpress my astonishment that e OJuioo should be the theme of re rtioo io any country i on 'earth ; f tove all, in- the United States Aracnci. Arc we not! a commu t::y cf emigrants ; Are we not re f or im ncdiattly all of us emi pt? Oqc would reallv aupposc ethcWcLhVwehid our Ko -iwiuee5,aod thit we could, ful o5cuU , point 10 bur antedi v, American ancestors. What more ludicrous than to findin-J- dcoouncing the principle ot fcfaiioa, (rem whose tongues a cn dialect has not yet wornaway; r,"0 U HoUid should rchoist de.A30? ?racPs on the princU f the British would, run a risk, vy due trust themselves at sea, impressed as Dutchmen, jut ? .mencan are mistaken . for En- fc?s?ab,e S503 &om rVa. cf tiT T 10 6 OVcr 10 that; side JV house to whih he at prwent If 1 were f?inrH rn Jttolthuiibdttq,pay attention ptrwa whatever, certainly; the eof thatCentlcmn would beeti hj macQ "idtratixn. He "i both sides, aadkcught cf i course'to So the best judge of their respective merits. s,Buti answering for my self, and I betley e for my poli tical friends, if we (.cere disposed .to go, we should not know hew, but as the gentleman has1 travelled the road, and knowa the way, and is fond of our company; let bjm come backi- ThefgeQtIeman from New ' York before me (Mr. Grosvcnor)' arraigns the cono'raqte gentleman ' from :Ohfo (fMr llXean)for pursuing the course and borrowing the principles of a late pamphlet on the subject of expatria tion. - suppose this to be, true, al though on that or any other subject the honorable gentleman is well ena bled to think for himself; the tt say U ludetirto reflects much credit zi its author. "'It evidences deep research and great ioenuitv, aqd U writte wi th 'peculiar elegance v and ; correct ness. It is npW'na the table of the gentleman, and whilst hhas aiTccud to speak of it ligntfy, ;t: cannot but be observed that he has drawn from; it as copiously -as he represents the Ren- Uleman trom Uhio to have done. , The right of expatriation or emi gmtion, bclortgs to man; It is deri ved from the God ot nature. He holds it. not of "government That it is a natural right, Ts asserted by al. most-evcr writer of- eminences Need r mention Vattel, Burlamaqui, Vicquemrtand Bynkershoek? Suh was the opinion of Greece and Rome. The-gentleman from New York docs not deny it, aed after a laborious' re search, no doubt discovers what- he might have learnt from the little vo lume before him, "that Rutherforth stood alone as' the' advocate of a con trary doctrine. .' But it is attempted to bceitabllah ed, that although theright ot cmigfai tionia clear, yet that we 6 we a sort of allegiance to the country of our'birtH from bur birth, which is .inali enable of which we.a're not able ta divest ourselves. A principle more absurd; j more incompatible; with acknowledge cd "rights, both of individuals and 'of independent sovereignties, was never attempted to be proven. It is incom patible with the right of individuals, because it renders their right of emi gration incomplete or nugatory,' but the right of enajgration has-been ad mitted. . It is incompatible with the tight of independent sovereignties, because the right to naturalize foreign ers is'bbt 'denied; and this right, vvkh the duties of allegiance to another so vereign, is thusalo rendered Inconv plete and nugatory: To owe allegi ance tda government under, which we neither do nor intend to reside, ia as absurd as not to owe allegiance' to a government bdder which We do and intend to reside forever; The absur dity of thte.3rie proposition' will not be denied4; and there is do discbvera ble diflerlciceijn the eye of reason be tween theoirv;' v.v- ' ' But it is :coh tended that ezpatri tion Ts a que'stibh bf municipal regu laKoof Frpm-'the very nature and f meaning of the principle, this is im- possioie mis iouows wnat nas oeen said already. , It may be prohibited by force ; "physical force may prevent iu You may be- laden with chains i egress may be prevented ; but. your country is then a prison. 1 A law. to prohibit emigration. duld be a . follyV if Jt were not a crime. , Like a law against suicide, when you Incur its pe nalties, you'are out of its reach, f Blackstbne differs in' opinion , with the genUeraao-from New-York. tHe was very well aware that to rest the perpetuity ofalfegiuncc on mere muj uieipdi rcguuiunn, :9t ia ao- noiningrf ri . : : it '. A t k 7pposiug municipal regmauon ooatujaltzatjon Would be 'entitled to eoual t?eigot Vod that, as in trie ere nt oi collision the laws ofnattonc6uld. alone decide,;( Was necessary to prop the prclplcVwithl49me utherauxho-' rity than .British common or statute law Accoringr,'Vrithi ra hardihood unequalle d, Sri ' the tecth'bf eyery.' au thority rjn cjefijmccof the, record jd o pinions, of jurisu ita the x face of rea son aod of truth, Be asserts that it is a principle. 4 of universal left that the subject of one sovereign cannot, by ear-If ing allegiance to, anotheV,. put off or uuwmiyc mscaiuraivaiiegiance xo :-x FV I" tougiaau uicir sta tute of '-tiwlitiojaed'ares, Hbat if any foreign seamen shall servV on (board of any British 'vessel 'for ihe f space yt iwo years, ne snau, to aiun- tems ana. purposes oe aeemed ana U ken to be a naturalbbrn subject of his maj jsty'skingdpW of jG; J3. anhavc and enjoy alfthe privileges, fee. which such foreign seamen should or bUgh't w iwvc nau anu cu uycu in case net naurecua naiurfu oarn suoject 01 ms majesty, and actually a native- witnin the kingdom of Greai Britain Now; if the natural born subiects of Britain owe allegiance to. any .other country, men co ine naturanzea suojects owe the same : but if this cannot be al firmed ot the one, then no more can it be said of the other ; for they "are, to all intents and purposes in regard to privileges patters, righfs and cap act f uesy to oeconsfuereo aiuce. . . , . Again. According (o the common law, an alien cannot hold lands in England i because, says Black stone, this mfffbt iritei fere with his natural allegiance ; but if the alien b? natural ized, he may hold lands, and then his native allegiance is necessarily des troyed. .According to' the Jaws of England, naturalization, by enabling the part)' to hold landr, destroys na tural allegiance; and this is all that is now contended for. K i A great many arguments have been Used, and cases quoted, to show that ra England the duty Of perpetual and mahenabl allegiance is asserted. We have been' referred to her blood stained code to show that emigrants naa oeen tatcn in arms, tnea, execu ted and mantled while vet alive as traitors ta;theirj king and country, That' her historV burnishes abundant evidence bT injustice, cruelty and at troeity, . requiretl no great effort to show j but until jit is established that we, as well as other nationi, are bound to obey their municipal laws, nothing is done in regard to the present ques tion. H ' . ..vv7 Having established, that expatria tion or emigration, With anintent to ne'rmanendv reside elscwherei is a na tural righr, and that naturalizing fo- retgners is practise am cngtanu, u i proper to add, mat emigration is pro- mm tea oyno. civuizea government ; that natdralieatlon-is practised by all, and that perpetual allegiance is a fool ish notion ,grb w ib oUt of feudal times, supported ibyt Insolence and power; at war with the plainest rights of man, and in Violation of ltheundc niable tfrciroeative of every jrove'rn- men t on earth;! . f Upontfiis ; subject; (what sdy Anie rican authorities 1- tThe state of Vir ginia, which, in regid ;toj.a correct undersiftndin&r bf moral and, political truth, yields ta'no.country, in Europe, has recognized iby law the right of z patriation J The; gcbttemanfrbm, iHorin-warouna fmr. oasiuu con tends, that as Virginia had authorized expatriation, this was a clear proof, that io the opinion of that state thfc right may te jgtten or withheld at piear sure. ,Ane gentleman itner .never read or entirely rnbunderstood the statute-i dbei, not give, it recogni ses the right, it provides that "when- Boever, anr"-citiien: should, by deed,' ' ril jir .-ls ' J sir! OT open 'Vcruai acciaruvu ttuuc iu court, "declare tha the reltoquished trie character of a citizen, and ahall dc-j part out of. thejfeommbnwealth, vsuch person shall from the timer of his de- paiture be conildcrcd as.haviW exer tciseanw. rigut Ot; expaurizjionv;ano shall thence be deemed bcv citizen.;; Inperfect coincidence-witfr the bright pf expatriatiph'are theOpmotis,or fudges' -Tuckerand; R6anej0fs that oVf mplaintji fw.teUt ilbhjwYiaa, that Britamdisccaarageoeniigration In confohnitvi to these raeasi the con- stttuttoa bascpt?5 tuno? xitytoitablisjfi ao mjtfornu rule, pf DaturaliatrooSjV'duribg the adminis tratiobbf Gen Washrogton, a law od tab subject w2s enacted If eJalfed statei and jvtd&ef iteoeu, lormeny cx theX United: tigslMHt onitje alien who wished to become a citizen of the. 0nlted States'to re nouncfc ahd ab lure all allegiance and fidelity-.eey;oreigD. prince, po tentateV itatie; or, -sbvereignty svhatef vert and,particularlyft by ; h30, princ; potf ntate,s tevor sovereignty of which he-was; before j eitizeo tor suhjeeti1 i, , v " y' : it tneettect ot. naturalization ;was allegiance, was bo longef left to m plicationi If a naturalized foreigner in r-ngianu; potwitnstanainne was enaoledio1 hold land!-which ah; alien coma not ao, oecause it qesiroyeq nis natural allegiance,' still "owed' atle fiance io mey country or. nis qirtnr; if all this nonsense Were trUe ret put have requirecj that apbsitive ajura tion of all previods :allesncd should be) made. - And whilst a citi2ert thus constituted thus fashioned by :bu selves, stamped By tjhe holy attributes of equality, i o all things, jn reard i6 the other members of our free cpm munity; calls upon ds fqr that protec tion which we have authorised him to expect1 have we k right, haye weadis-, cretion shall we be so vile, , so tn nioUs as to hesitate : We shoulc he come1 the scorn of nat-onv we should loathe' ourselves remorse would poison bur' days.' Is this the asylum of oppressed humanity Is it thus we fulfil our promises to suffer-'' ing man ? r What (life from his na tive ; country i his homej a fellow being who could have", dragged out a mise rable, though tolerable existence, to abandon him to punish men t for an act which we have encouraged br triistirigto our faitn--for confiding in our truth? - i " ; Thus,' thetoi the quesdon-of retalia tion arises; Shall we retaliate on the enemy cruelties" which he ma, In flict on individualswho though born in Britain, have left that country, in corporated thtmseivei into our so- cieties, and have bceP' takep prisqjaf ers 6gnting our battles X jBiit 1 cahr not subscribe to the opinion, that we o we protection to those only Whohavc been naturalized; . it differ with the honorable gentlenian froih; Virginia who supposed that" the govetnmejat felt itself bound no furheri ofhat is not the view of te President; he cov ers much wider ground ; but it js the true ground: i tip, does not? speak at naturalized citizens, out of persons who a haveL incorporated themselves into our society It is; worse i- than Useless"that-we should take att d tinctibni Th; British principle of perpetual Uegiaece. applies aJweil to thfe; one as the otlier. tf otiFene mfc adhejfe toJtKe dicta of Blackstbne, instead of thevoice of reason and the practice Qatlooa, iheO will all those mividuals iho. were fpottt in Enfe land ' fall Under r jhej denomination ot traitors. : No matter hbw" fcmnally we ruay have made; them citizens ; no matter how many yeafs they have resided kmong us fnei matter rhat theirTnducernents to defen the coiin iry where all their Happlnesslscedt&r trt : i-fto matter it driven frflm their oaii ve neias py cue narq niapu.vpKppv yerty ';. complyip 4wjr; UwsVricif; they have4sworO ;tcTdpQort ftilfil- libg craties yhich.Oc- denounced by Br What u he has Jbeepbmpelled byfus to-tak up str&l :haf 14 eOtfced fclcsbr bf) anuftmtsheld out td hisxujacrity o tcvhii pfoiiim. are jwe ortxtmd'Tto4ditectOTl Hai-'priuciple lostltsvrerncl truth irsiwontea omnipownce r ; x-.c ua w tutobyPglaildt . !r--J- w tit - 2t ; hisiust orbmousyiew pe ou cttci ilanc anil jbitoaiicij He received an order to return s ut sp tar from compiyipgt ffaTtoreaxin5 before J doubtfullt ceased tobe p nowi whether it annihilated natural they hayer cotHteditbci crime f of treasoq ;v tfie; borlibteHmiaefli i put between the twtteouotneshcr', 8' pret-bf Footer h;Wwfcii-', .4 '-.'r. Ihe proudest bb wer xnat ' EuroDe" had the 'seen his iiathral , soverjigbV; llewi's Xiy AlidSofc cbpsidef tyt& jsri a -uaitof : 'the ' WrwnAiia' 6wrid1ool. crodsideVhi&i aa gr Mtest.captain2, thsr! prightesV brpa & i'A h meotjol fagelieisi t?BiigHhi ppl M tonattsioBiitrso i P SWT.-? hjbfal-aiWh; nave or him? i ooinibnsanonorableo isii fliSp3i-r j Si l l! as itas caucnne rencrar ; .1 .. ;th were commanded bthA Dukeof . : 1 1 Berwi'cki a Bf itni a'kinsoa th priusn armies .were . leo.on pyay . t Frenchmantf trie title ofj3trf Instances of die sam kind ;are mnu-R tPerable. But wdl express authority ( r power, has perpetratcButl -lair to setup her fermelrriiuce ".44-"- gainst ner : present preiensionsv?n i; rrencnmeni were enusteai ,,pl majesty'rarrie fottKe UfpSsef invadinfe FranceMi edme$ath WefB ta ken nrisonera and treated: as tratbirs Ithe ogiisji etttt as . or weinc 1 a coat rovers v wim tnae: gorcront, a circmsncesit ibuld IJrWjft Tittle Yesnect : for Herl8lstofv?u1rif i laiate; mrt Mf -STcpCVv-; . This ave ri$c tp X and animadverstop ;bni the axt of cfV mipbrity Ipnaww sa!d;TH Iom oheieveri ment to which the brn$otiptlale 'yea' half been subj e,e bf 1 mUt have beed led - to minkhat- Iiave ken up my bal3t3rnd merelftdDs whollv unnre flared to defend thenSni ;. lounaea pp pouey ipe laws oinat ' .L i i . Vt - C It"H 1: X-Ii a pare or uie saw oi oaupoa iounp edi on, that must pe cBnsldere ofjth&t mey serve;Vpocli rejCbiop .mtirweacts'ijSu ' mv'.opinionitfelfiivib.ifii cV Of re onv vr ft bulftsuffer taip, atfUUattblyl wghtandproperv th0e. naow:actjpf;&yeri v. ; taliated iQuthl ; , gentjepab la ulaitban flame the jajiobyttt oo.. " our; im;Tadame;a hell -6 Mri Bprkegoes op tpmrk V thaV l the' brictijcp' IptkBjiA-i tK&Pdie'.miWeSfrn ?To t honor ;ofjiSzh ;ty4bvn)yrr ' iiiput they wfeurspfthej; etlectsauaifditPttiBom in in toaniJ jc.ngwnw7xnpu,oirt opposed jby jme5ejrtp0v yb'ftfrfaateotl wetrmhOfi wioweripisncvfeoeiioo,; i wpoe regimept ?pt4tnect was ytbfertenfeem Lei and Impolitic reyocatiob bf the e Tet sher never sifimetrfKms bt!7aajSai pal. frpipt ttoertwns: or w cepfebtTiemese eztremwr. . T T fu - - - .mt . t. '.iip.i r1 IS;- v: ?1 i iii r -j. r 'ft I m v. f 1..- t. 0 fen 4 - i - t it ' . f ' t-l t 'MM . ;. , - I-;, . ; I$i i: mm t , - ..V . 1 V?i.' 1 ' r if p
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
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May 20, 1814, edition 1
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