4
I
a - . a
, w-(?rr some of tbe reasons ttr
rd in Ciror cf tM racalure (uVich think
.'The debate herttororcvon this sUU
jccU'haVlicen ori tlic ilerccotprotcc
iioix wliich inght to.bc afforded tt our
profcsi to be fnpdlr to-thosc in.
fant esUblisnmenis, anu iw m w"o
to txlcnd to thciri adequate encourage
ment The prcaent motion assumes a
new aspectt
cd!r on thegrotind, that manufactures
oujjifnot to receive anyreneourage
ment; ahd'WSlU in its operation, leaTe
nnf rottob estabruhments Exposed to
the competition of the' cotton goods of
the East Didies,' Mrhich H is acknow
ledged on all sides, thejr arenotcapa
bleof tneeling with success, withoQt
the proviso.proposed to be stricken ont
bv tbe motfoaVoV: rihfler f onsidera:
tfon Tiir the debdte assumed this
utw fmi, he had determined to be, si
but) participating, as he lareelj did,
iu thatgeneral. Anxiety wWch is felt,
after so long and laborious a sysjion,
t return to the bosom of our families.
Baton a subject of such tftal impor
tance, touching' as it does tJifc securi
ty and permanent prosperity of our
country, lie-hoped tliattlie house would
inda!;c him in a fevr observations,
He regretted much his want of prepa
K m-'nt not a verbal preDa-
jation, for be ever despised such, but
that due and mature meditation and
arrangement of thought which he
bous entitled to on the part of tbc?e
rho occupy any "poriioa1 or their lime.
But whatever his argfurae'nb. mirfit
want on that account )h weight, he
hoped might be made up inthe disinter
estedness of his situation. ' He was
no manufacturer; he 'was not from
tliat portion of our country supposed
to be peculiarly' interested. Coming,
as he did, from the south, having, in
ocmon with his immediate constitu
ents no interest but in the cultivation
of thtavto"l, in selling itsproducU high,
and buying cheap th" wants and.con
eniences of life, no 'motive could be
atiribated to him,! but. such as were
disinteVested." . " .
He had asserted; hat Jtho ?ubect
Move them was connected with:-the
security of the; o)untry.i ' Jt wpuld,
doubtless, by some be considered a rash
scrtion ; but he conceived it to be
iusseptible of the clearest proof ; and
he hoped, wrthTdue attention", to csta
UUh it to the sadsfaction of the house.
The security.or a country mainly
depends on its, spirit and 'its means,
and the latter'prlncipally oi its mo
nied resources." ilodified as tlie in
dustry of this country now Is, combin
ed with our peculiar Situation and.want
of natal ascendency; whenever we
J:ae the mifprthne to be, iiivblvAJ in
a var vith a nation 'dominant on the
oceaaj and it is almost only with such
wc can at present be, the inonied re
sources'of the country,- to a freat ex
tent must fail. He took it for grant
el, that it wa tlc duty of thisbody to
aiinpt those measures of prudent fore
siht, which the event of uarmadene-ce-ary.
' AVe cannot, he presumed, be
inilifirent to dangers from alirqad, un
less, indeevl, the hpuse is prepared to
indulge an the -phantom of eternal
peace, which seemed to possess the
liream of some of its members. ,.. Could
such a state exist, no foresight or" for
titude yould be necessary to conduct
the affairs of die republic ; but as it is
t:e mere a!lu.inn of the imagination j
r i-.t-rv people that ever has or ever
v.il! cft, are subject to the vici&i
1 a dc s of peace and-war, it must ever
It considered as" tbo" plain dictate of
visdom in peace to preparefor war
hat then, let us consider, constitutes
the resource1 of Uuscountry,andviat
are-thc effects of war ou lhein ? " Com
merce and agriculture, till lately", al
most the only! still constitute tlieDno
cipal, sources of our weal tH. So long
fts these remain uninterrupted, "the'
country prospers; but war, as we ire
now circumstanced, is equally dci true r
tive to both. They both depend on fo
reign markets Tand our countrv 'is
placed, as it regards' there, in a situa
tion strictly insular a wide ocean
rolls between. Ourcommcrcc neither
t or
- can be protected, by the present.
" of the countrv. "What,, then
11 w
Umepowcr-with :>rt;.qilTOjm
m.rVV WnftilAtfd " snreadinz indivi-
tdaal misery; ai)d;iitoducing;nallpnal
poverty. ; our agriculture cu. w
its accustomed markets, theisurpjui
prodact ofthe fahper-perishes on ha
handstand he ceasfes to proddcej-because,
he cannot selU lls- rtsburcei
are dried op, while his expences, are
greatly increased j. as all.min'ufactur
ed articles ihe necessariesvas well as
the i conveniences of life, rise .to 'at) ex
travagant price. ' The recent war fell
with peculiar pressure on the growers
of cotton and tobacco',' and other great
sUpfes of the country ; and the same
sjate of things will recur ia the event
of another, unless prevented by the
fosesight of this body. If the mere
statement of facts diil not carry con
viction to any rairitf, as he conceives it
is calculated tor do, additional argu
ments might 6e drawn from the gene
ral nature of wealth.' Neither agricuf
tu re, manufactures or commerce ta
ken separately, is the cause of wealth
it flows from tlie three combined ; and
cannot exist without each. The wealth
of an v sinjrle nation or individual, it
13 irue, mar not immtuwieiv ucf"u
- A. Z A Jt'laf.i . Invlnf
on tlie three, but such wealth always
presupposes their existences He
viewed, the words in the most enlarged
sense. Without commerce, industry
woald have no stimulus ; without
manufactures, it would be without the
means of production j and without a
griculture neither of the otheTs'can
subsist. When separated entirely &
permanently, they perish. War in
this coantry produces to a great ex'
tent, that etfect and hence, the great
embarrassment which follows in its
train. The failure of the wealth and
resources of 6ie nation necessarily in
volved the ruin of its finances and its
.currency. It is admitted by the most
strenuous advocates on the other side,
that no country, ought to be dependent
oil another for its means of defencer
that at least, our musket and bayonet,
our cannon and ball, ought to be of do
mestic manufacture. But what, he
asked, is more necessary to the defence
' r - A. ' . .f ! r.
01 a coumrj Ulan us curreutj' auu
finance ? ' Circumstanced as our coun
try is," can these stand the shock of
war?1 Behold the effect of the late
war on them.W'hen our manufac
tures are grown to a certain perfec
tion, as they soon will dnder tne fos
tering care of ffoverpment wo willno
ronger experience theseevils. The
farmer will find a ready market for
its surplus produce ; and what is aN
most of equal consequence, a certain
nd cheap supply of all his wants, tiis
prosperity will diffuse itself to every
class in the community ; and instead
of that languor of industry and indivi
dual distress new incident io a state
of waVand suspended commerce, the
wealth and vigor of the community
will not be materially impaired. Tlie
arm ofgovermnent will be nerved, and
in the hour of danger, when essential
to the independence oXthe nation, may
be greatly increased ; loaris'so uncer
tain TldiJ hazardous, maybe less relied
on ; thus situated, the storm may beat
without, but within all will be. quiet
and safeo. give perfection to thb
state of things, it will be necessary fo
add, as Coon as possible, a system of
internal' improvements, and at least,
such an extension of our'navy, as will
prevent the cutting off our coasting
trade. The advantage of-each is so
striking, as not to require illustration,
especially after the experience of thj
recent war, it is uyaa the respurces
of the government and people , would
bo placed beyond the power of a Tor
eign war materially toimpair. Bii it
may be said tliat the derangement then
experienced, resulted nut jfrom tlie!
cause assigned, butfromthe eiTorsortbe
weakness of tjie pnernme;nt. neavd
mittedjthat many iibancial blunders
were committed, tor thcsutjctwas.new
to us that the taxes were'hotlaid suffi-
cie rill j. early, or to as 2TeiHan extent t
as ougni to nave uecn ;.ana mat pie
lo?.ns.vere,in idnie ihstatices injudi
ciously made ; but h6 v'enluced to af
firm, that had Hhe greatest foresight
and forUtude.,bcen;:e3erted, 'the rexri-
barraVsinent iVniild have been still ve-
iry treat;, and that even unjder the best
. J -L i a!-Al '
management,, me .ujuu aepagement
which wis " actually felt, V would not
have been' postponed eighteen months,;
had. tiie'war s6lopV cotlniiedi How
could It otherwise ?' -'Aj war, such
I a r t':s cfiritiV wsS. then.uiroived in.
J s0Qrefs.f ipdiyioils, t hhad'aTrear
uy proyeaj anu me, ri-sources oi tne
government are no morej than the :'agsrer
gate ; pf ihe surplus incomes of lndiivij
duals called into action- by a system of
taxation. It is certainly a great poli
tical evil, incident to tlie character of
the industry ofthis countrjr, that, how;
0ver prosperous ur'sUliationwhen zi
peace, with aniinintrriipted ' com
merce, and nothing theti could exceed,
it, the' moment that wewere involved
in. war the whole is revjBrsejl, When
resources are'most neejled ; whenur
dispensible to maintain the honor ; ires
the very existence of tlfe nationytnen
they desert us. Our cfirrency is also
sure 0 experience the Shock ; and be
comes so deranged as to prevent jus
fromi. calling out fairly whatever! of
means is lefVco thecoiilntry. , The re-
suit of a war in the present state of f
our navai puwer is uic Miotwuc ui v
toasti.and consequent Idestriict.W of
bu r trade." The wautsj; and habits' of
the country, founded oii the use of fo
reign articles, must bejgratified im
portation to a certahrextent contin-
... A t. 1- AtSMMi -. F 4l A A a m
ues, inrougH uic puiiuui inc cuemjj
or unlawtui tratnc ; the, exportation oi
oii? bulkf articles is prevented too,pe
sDecie of the countrv U drawn to pay
the balance p'erpetuallyf iaccumulating
agamsius; ana tne nnii resuii is a io
ta! derangement of our jcurrency. To
this distressing state ouf things there
wer'two remedies, anJ onrVtwo y
one in our power immemateiy, tne o
ther requiring much time and exer
tion ; but botii constituting, in his opi
nion, the essential polity of this coun
try, he meant the navyj and domestic,
manafactures. By te" former, We
could open the way tq our markets ;
by tlife latter, we bring Jthem from be
yond the ocean and njiturajize thrn".
Had ive the" means pf attaining an im
mediate naval ascendency, he acknow
ledged that the policy recommended
by tliis bill, wou(d- be very questiona
ble ;i bit as hat w notfthe fact as it
is a period remote, ith any exer
tion, and will he probably rooreso
from that relaxation of oxertion, so na
tural in. peace, whe npcessrty is not
felt, it became the du(y of this house
to resort, to a considerable extent, at
least j as far Tas is proposed, to the
6rtly remaiplhg remedy. . But to this
it has been objected', tljat thfe country-
is not prepared, and that the result of
our premature exertiutn would be to
bring distress on it, without effecting
the intended object. Were it so, how
ever urgent the reasonsjin its favor, we
ought to desist, as itisfolly to oppose
the lawsot necessity: But he' could
not for a moment yielcj to the asser
tion on the contrary he firmly be
lieved that the country is prepared,
even to maturity, for manufactures i
we cave auunaance or. resources, anu
things" naturally tend t this moment
in that direction.' A prosperous cWj
raerce has poured an immense amount
of commercial capital in this country.
This capital has till lately,' found oc
cupation in commerce jj but that state
of the world ' which transferred 'it to
this country, and gave it. active em
ployment, has passed Way, never to
return. Where shall fve now'find full
employment for our prodigious amount
of tonnage ; where markets for thejnu
merous and abundant products of 'our
couptry ? This greatbody of active
capital, which for thenwment has found
sufficient employment 'n supprying'our
markets, exhausted bf the war, and
measures preceding itanust find a new
direction;; it will notjie idle, yikt
channel can it take but that of manu
factured y This, if thjngs'continue as'
vue arpjjwiu pe us aicection. it win
introduce ti new era iij our affairs in
many resects highlyj 'advantageous,'
and ught td be countenanced by the
govern men tJ Besides we have alrea
dy syrmou ntd the .grptest difficulty
tliat has ever heti foundan underlak
?P6 pi this kind he cotton :id
woollen, manufactured re'nptto'b in
troduced they atjiutfttady introduced
to a great extent fre&ing ns entirely
from tlie hazards, aod in a geatmea
sure the sacrifices expjJriencedih jgiyi
lngjthjiTcapital of tl4iuutrja;4new
crectfyo. i The,, restrictive measures
and ' the war, thoagh not intended for
tliatl purpose, :have, b the necessary
operation of thinffsr tiirned larife k-
mount of capital tMsvin faach;ofi
was thia, tone J of feelipff.vwhenVthe
fivant.1 pf ,,these establishments were
practically-felt,- that- he'remembered,
during' the, war, 'when; snme u?estion
was agitated res pectin' the' introduc
tion of foreign goodsV aVythe4
opposed it ibn; the gcounds of injuring
bur manufactures.; H'iheii--sidtiit:
xykr alone furnished 'fficiejnt! stimu-.
lus, and perhaps too mfuch, 'as it-wpubi
make their: growth unnaturally rapijj
but, ? that1 on 'the return of peace it
would then be i time to;$hoy biir affec
tion for them.;' He at tht'iKme' did
not expect an apathy and aycrsibn to
the extent whieh is' now seen.JButit
will no doubt be said, if they are so
far established, and if the gituatioVi of
the country isb favorable to their
growth, .wperevis the necessity of af-r
fording them ot iptf ?lt' is to put
them beyond the reacn ofcntingency.
Besides, capital is not yet, and scaii
not, for sorhe time, be adjusted tothe
pew state of things. There is, in fact,
froni the operation of temporary aUr
ses 'a ereat pressure on these esta
blishments.". (Th,ey had extended so'
rapidly during the late war, that ma
ny, hefeared, were without the requir
site surplus capital, or kill to irieet the
present'erisis' M Should such prove to
be the fact, itwbuld give a bax:k set,
and might, to a great extent, endaogSr
their ultimate success. Should the
present Owners be ruined, arid, the
workmen dispersed and turn to other
pursuits, tie country would sustain a
great loss. Such would,' ho doubt, be
the fact to a considerable, extent, if
not protected. Resides, circumstan
ces, if we act with wisdom, are ipayoiv
able to attract to bur country muychj
skill and industry. The coUn try fife
Europe haying the , most skilfuC work
men, is broken up It is to usi if
wisely used, more valuable than the
f repeal of the Edict of Nantz was to
England. She had theAprudence ;to
proht by it let us not discover less
political sagacity. Afford to ingenui
tv and industry immediate and ample
pVotection, and they win not fail to
give a preference jttf this free and hap
py country. ;
r It has been objected to this bill, that
it will injure our marine, and cpnse
quentiy impair our naval strength,
How far it is fairly liable to this charge,'
he was not prepared trfsay. H.e hped
and Seiieved, lt would not, atleast to
any alarming extentj )iave that effect
immediately ; and he :firmly Relieved,
that, its lasting operation would be
highly beneficial to our commerce..
The trade to the East Indies would
certainly be much affected ; b'utitwas
stated in debate j that, the whola of
that tradf employed but 00 ,saijors.
But whatever might be the loss in this,
or other branches of our foreign coni
mere, bes trusted i wouj be , amply
compensated in ouf coasting trade 3 a
branch of" navigation ; whdlly in oiir
own iands. It has at all timestem
ployed a great amount of tonnage,
somethiug moreJte believed than one
third of the whole; nor is it liable-.to
the imputation xhrown out by, a mem
ber from" NorthCaroHna (Ir. Gasr
Ion) Jthat it produced inferior sailors.
It required long and dangerous c voya
ges 1 and if his information wapv corr
recta no branch' ot trade made better
or more skilful seamen. The fact' that
- 1 II 1 t I- . I - . 'jC.
it is wnony in our owp iianus, ju ac
ry important one, while ever brarfch
nf An 1 fnrpio-n trade must sufer4t"r im
competition withv other nation
obiecfions of a political character were
made to the eucouragehtentbf manuv
iactures. fj. is saiu tue. usiry ; loe
moral and physical power of the peo-
Uple.': This might formerly have been
4Crue.to a consiyeraoi?;ivM "r5
the perfection of machinerynd Wbert
the success of the manufacture de-
)'encledon the minute sub-division of
abor. At thatl imeit iquird a large
portion of' thef population Wa country
to be'engaged lhthenr ; and ever-rmi-nuVe
subdmsi6n of labor is undotibt
edly unfavefable toCthe intellect but
thp jrrpflt nprfectioi of machinery has
in a tonsiderabie degee obvfate3,iee
objections. -Intact, it nasDeestatecri
England furnJH the greateat pluml
of recruits to her 'armjy nd. fhatai
soldiers; they; areotriaWi
nerism r adBJahdliasb referred
to as furnlsiiin contfsiye revideBee fi
cetve no.such tendency ;in. them; bti
tfie eiaxf cohtfarL' as -they furnishedL
new stimulus and means ofVubsjstenc'e, Jm
to he iabp?icras6f tbeo ::.
WpblleHIishmenrCGt rM
p4)6r with; vhich thepppuiati ';-. $
gracedCauses muchlmprenlcnt? -; i :$
exist;; Her prw and statutes:
guiaiinguie pnee oiauory wun neavy m ; Wi - -V, .
taxes werehe-real uses Bptif '-; KV? i: ?
must be so, if tligf;mere lactJtHitjEii ;i-f
ther eountry, explained7 th4; taseofc I.
he having more Wgrsit
rja0pable to -ifer f
and tdl her maIinrtuesjn; whjc - '
she exxls,aijothnatm
$ine;.kceptpn7r
in whlc'hwWtoign
challenge, apiHeminence; x Another?:
objection -ffaitewlm
must acknowledge- ivas better fbuwiC
ed, that cjapital empjoyed inhuiaft
vu...v.smw., wu uu br UMU1 .1111 .: Il , - ," f -J ,
on the- part of theempjoy
mme.rce,- nayigaiionTor aiemt0.f -r '
.It is cerfekly ap evil.? and : tobefte!
gretted ; but he ,dt not thihlc it ade-if --'
dsive;bjetii.ft
cially when it hadM ncidental politt
advantages ; which Jhl his opinioprmore '
jU?an counterpoisecl itv f prooutedi
an interest strictly American, as vinucli-
decided ad vantagef commerce or
ligation. Thei Country wiilfemhisC
derive much ad va'ntige. Again i it Isf j
calculated, to bind togetherlorecjos :
ly our wide spread Kepublic.vIt will
greatly inrase or rrautw ;
deh(ie ani infercourse and f
necessary conseqveea exeiM , "
creased attenn tootrnalmpl
ment, a subject every way so intimate
Ij conneGted-with the, ultirpjite attain
ment of national strength and the per-
fection of our political ' idsrittttrons.-- - !
He, regarded the fact that it wouloV
make he part adhere v moreelosely
that Uoujdfortn a7 newiand most
powerful cement, far odt-weighing any: , ,
political objections that might be urged
against the (system.; - In lusioion',.
the liberty anq thet zmwm of this coun
try were inseparably united i ;Tlit
the destruction of the latter would
.most certainly involve he former i so
its maintenanceiwill with equal feV-"
tainty preserye it ' He, did not spea
lightl y. He hai Men 'and lohWrey -r
vol ved it in his niind ; and he had cfl
tically Examined into the;ca?ises thai
destroyed the liberty of other s
There are none that apply to us or ap
apply with a for$e to alarmv T.,e ba
sis tff our Republic ls too broad ahd ife,
structure too strong .to be shaken b
thetnVTlts extension and loariiatation .
will be fW nd to afford.effectual seenri '
ty against tlir: operation j buJetit
ue oeepiy impresseri onv tn e hcatl of
this house and country, that while they
guarded againsthie old they, exposed
us to a, jHew aildterrible danger, dis
union, This single word eomprehencl-
ed almost the Sumibf our political dans '
gers ; and against jrt we oaght to W 1
perpetually guirded;5 l - 1
X tJi&iniS jyeaw olUiis Spriiig-.i;4t ;
8 inches hi, potb her shQuldcrs gaffed frith!
theClIarft:-sKor'ma lj.jfk
; .:,tflibevir will giveiior9iat!on of 4iQ!a1fare,'
so that she be restored: to the owner. Will fee
handsomely jara 'fijwf n '.' v -,
JOHN CROSS ,.
May.9, 1S16.
. z
By v?rtu; of m Deed omrmtmiAfeiii
vbctjbet dV Salomon peboWVuw
certain uesis dueUy hioto the Siixi Bank
and, Alley, aioinhjff the Tdrri sf TmviU. 1
and 1nuadedn5lmpirto?sa?dla
W ai wiiie jcasn tor ali sums undergo
Jbundjd: doHors a crediVTiix antvetvp
months will be jven forsuil above an
Otetf made eec'Dtiable and oaahv.t
Restate Dank ofKortb- CarcUoa. at Kalelh
beariritr iateteit frotn th. dale- and having
twioriesesidhlin the SUte of North"
Maoy ot tnesLota now qrereti tor iie iirr
t?eU iltuaied for DasinWa and-pent Iirmea
n
'MA
U.
1
m
I vl!
m
.'
' ;.v
- - '.
T:: i-f'.-"
S jf.
J
hi
Hi
in
J:
wb wish to iaakeesUfclimenU in Dnrill
V.' W . f a' '.1 T
ut the e&'ects el a war with a mari-
j in a grCZtm:astirc-dncsM:p .the" re
country Tor j&'fr-of its csses. " So high
US UUUi Ui uis jmvuc vyiuu
I
i
-.1.-
1 1