Vol. XVIII.
ENGLAND.
MOM THE BOSTON CHRONICLE A!TD ATHI0T.
JFuurth Lttter on the present state of
England?
THE REFORMERS.
Mr. Southey, in his late letter to
W ill tain Sm i th , raeir.ber of Paliament
for Norwich, has the following; re
tr arks :;;;,;:: ;Y:r , f-y:c ''v
. Slavery has long ceased to be tolerat
in Earope ; toe remains of feudal op
pression ufe disappearing even in those
cM tries which have improved the least
:rv-can it be much longer endured that
t. ; t xtremei or ignorance, wretchedness
L a brutality should exist in the centre of
civilized society. There can be no safety
wiih a p pulachalf iazzaroni, half lud
dite Let us not deceive ourselves We
are far from thatstata in which any thing
reverwbline equalitv would be possible ;
ut i'jc are arrived at that state in which
ihr extreme cf'mtqualiiy are become in
irJcrable. They are too dangeroits asivell
c& too monstrous to be Borne much longer.
Plan which wt uld have led to the utmost
horrors of insurrection have been pie
vented by the government, and by the
pimctment of stronr but necessary laws.
Let it not; however, be supposed that the
disease is healed because the ulcer may
skin over. The remedies Jy. which the
bodv politic can be restored to-health must
be slow in their operation. The condition
( the pcrulact , physical, moial end intel
lectual, must be in-proved or a Jacouerie,
c b ilium .sen ile, sooner or later, n-ill be the
rt ult. liis the people, at this time, who
stand in need cf hfirmaiionno the Go
vernment. ;7 ,.: . "'V,:.-..V-;.;-
It is well'knowh that the Poet Lau
reat is at present one of the most de
termined enemies of reform in any
shape, much more revolution. His
testimony will therefore be considered
pretty good evidence of the existence
of a reat disposition, to it amypg the
people, since his opinions woind natu
rally leau him to overlook, as far as
poible, the appearances of such a
disposition. It is. however, at pre
sent, too obvious to be overlooked any
longer. A i-v ui?na ui uic tauuut j
c'iis'es: is now so great, and its connec
tion with the political system so ob
vir us, that they are united to a man,
in demanding a reformation of that
sv t em in so me way or other. All
that suffer through the. country are
nw of one party, and all that make a
profit by ti. e present political. system,
i) x't e other. The latter party con
sists of the fundhoklers, computed by
and ihe nuiuerical majority. The A
ritdr racy motiupojize nearly all the
wealth, and par consequent, nearly all
the cultivated talent.
Wealt(v we know naturally draws f,
into its vortex, talents aod education.
The supply follows the demand, and
tine articles must be accommodated to
the taste of the cust um e r. Wh ere two
parties enter into competition- with
each other, for the purchase of a-
ny thing, he ti at can pay best is sure
.to have it.; And however" humiliating !l
tlve fact tr.avbe for human nature , w?
m m
e:.t 'pt from the Jii-t ui- articles, so pi a
evil at public auctioUy the natural ge-
li. : a ul acquired knowledire oi the
cuuiuieu paruu me communuy no, i
nut e en in things where principles !
..ui... : j. . c i : i
aie at stake. As the richest client
cmimands the services of tie ablest
o i.nf li
hwjei s. so the vcaIthiertpolitical par-j
ly commands the services of the ablest
In general, however, a few may be
j umna ready to saenhee personal in
terest to v. hat they think a duty. But
in Enand at the present day. ti
.preponderance of wealth so vfcat on
i v r ' lliUia,ponze
Miipletely all the cultivated talents
Nutv.ithitaudinthat thn
ror en tor a powerful chamnmn r.
,a. uv ,vt uVat country is as brilliant
., - I'uiu-
a- iuu iuiuiuauon could devise, no
aividual possessed -f commanding in.
teJlectua! force and finished education
has yet been found to take the fielfl.
"Vi hen the struggle cein;nencd in
France between Aristocracy and T)p-
ir.ucrac.v, the ranks ofthe latter swarm
ed with mip-hfv minds Tlii-i
,the Jlirabeaus, the Talleyrands, the
&eyeses,thc&ndoM
But in England we seenotli
3g of ail this. The popular party
su in Pirliaaectcf only tv.o chain-
ff"M ? '0' fthe a: i of Cobbett ; Wai'faitf to second tie mo-
& P-" V r n'S'" ? -'?; 1 his first iept, hi Voice failed hint
1 he former con stS of all the rest. - It frmn mcre ,liilence) and the pifaecd.
!.(, t dfficu t, ti,ere ore to d.termme sscuncIuded uith speeches lrom the
pions. Sir Francis Burdett and Lord
Cochrane are the only two voices that
undoubted right, a brilliant cause and
a starving people have yet been able or
are soon likely to command. Neither
of these, as you well know, are minds
of the highest order, and one of them
is far from being personally respecta
ble. The active champions out of Par
liament are not more numerous or
much superior, Mr. Cobbett was,
while he remained in England, a favo
rable exception from the rest in point
of talents. Hunt, Cartwright, and the
other speakers at public meetings,
Till e public m eeti n rs Irst ed , were per
formers so much inferior to the parts
tfTey undertook, that in their hands
what ought to be tragedy, degenerated
into farce. .
While I was in England I attended
one of these public meeti ngs, which
wa9 Held, I think, about the last of Ja
nuary, just after the commencement
of the present session of Parliament.
The place of assembly was the open
square before the door of Westminster
Hall, called Palace Yard, and the os-
I tensibfe object was to give the freehol-
! I TC onil fill flKl 1 t-5 f" 7 r ivri n r4.L
an opportunity ot presenting an ad-
dress to the Prince Regent on occa
sion of the supposed attack made upon
hiin as he was returning in state, from
the House of Lords. The meeting
was appointed for 1 2 o'cl ock , and a
bout one the square was half filled with
Westminster electors generally not
remarkably w ell drest A platform
had been erected just in front of the
door of Westminster Hall, which was
occupied by the presiding officer, the
j H ? h Bai 1 i tf of. Westminster, the mem -
bers for that borough, and other per
; sons who intended to address themeet
! ing. The Bailift'.opeucd the proceed
j ings by a short formal address, and
was followed by Major Cartwright,
j who moved the address to the Prince
Regent. The Maior is a veteran of
I near eighty, and apparently d ecrepid
ami iceDie uevucu his years. His
i voice is now so faint a ud broken that
he could hardly make himself heard j
$ by the audience: Hunt came forward
alter the Major had finished, and made j
a speech of considerable length. . His I
( eloquence is of the kind produced by I
I great assurance, a full flo w of not very t
elegant language, and a little humour
i he has also the advantage of a hand-
t wo members, Sir F. B urdett and Lord
Cochrane.
The substance of all these speeches
was nearly the same. They traced
the i iseries of the country to the prc-
S &eiitpGlitical system, or, as they phrase
it, the burough-r.wngerhg system"
j -inveighed against siuecuies and pen-
sions, and inculcated the absolute. ue
. cessity of reform. The address mov-
eu on this occasion was one of the a-
; blest compositions of the kind I have
. "; , "rwuiu,ll.yo1 ie;irn
Iff k tVa3 v lif Pu riter.
; amused with the significant gestures
i a ntt s peeche s o f the crowd and th e
i sympathy that seemed to exist between
u.rm duu uic urauirs. man ui h
. ' . "
the.m,e.ivcs' u.ch Phrases
t i. ... - - C" M . v . v
7 ,-" fine tei-
lliUj -oir Travels is a nob fein
)IC.
1 i, -Jz t II 1. J
nut, . zzuic ae uues srive
. - .
it to
with other expressions too ener
getic ;to be inserted here, made, with
occasioHal shouts and huzzas, a most
diverting accompaniment ,to the prin
cipal action. After the meeting Huut
and voung Cobbett got into a hackney
j coach togetlier, from which the mob
took off the horses- and drew the pa
triots to their lodgings 1 observed
Sir Francis stealing along alone and
1 rapidly through the crowd towards his
jown house, apparently endeavorm to
. avoitl notice. ,
J Of late the orthodoxy of Sir Francis
fBurdett himselfV in tlie cause of tho
rough reform, 'seems to be r'a little
drawn in question. Tlie truth is, he is
attached by his fortune and rank to the
Aristocracy , and begins perhaps to ap
prcuend a little die effect thatrthe full
success of the .party he Jiad hitherto
supported might have upon liis own
interest. ' He possesses a fortune of
some 60 or 70,000. clear income
and in private society is very courtly
and agreeable. . His principles he de-
I f son: face and ?rood nprsdti. Th in
OuTiaretbe plant f fair, delightful Petce,
Unwarp'd by party rt, to livejlkc BrotheM."
FRIDAY, JULY IB, 1817,
rived, as is well knoyn, from the fa
mous Home Tooke, and if he could
have inherited his talents h them,
would have been a most uif mi Jable
champion in the popular cause. As -it
happens, his powers are pat of t!ie (
highest order, though respe'etabie. In
Ins political character he is able to do 1
tnem iuu justice, oy me iiuency anu
elegance of his elocution. I n f he opi -nion
of one of the best judges ;n Eng
land, he is, take him altogether, person
voice and elocution, the finest oritur
they have, lie speaks , su ys the same
authority, above his viind that is, the
products of his mind, when e; ployed
in public speaking, are tnuth superioi
to those obtained in any other way.
He-long ago separated himself jfrom
the Whigs, and stood almost alone in
Parliament, but now that the popular
voice declares itself loudly in favor of
annual Parliaments and universal suf-:
ragey he is in d anger of being 1 e ft be
hind, lor it is understood that he would
be quite satisfied with triennial Parlia
ments, and the extension of sufttajre
to all lu holders. When I heard
hira speak, whether in or out of Par
liament, he rather avoided giving any
decided opinion on these subjects, but
appeared to labor for a union , of the
efforts of all who were any. way inter
ested in the common cause! Upon the
whole, it is impossible not to regard
Sir F. Burden as an individual of
great personal respectability ; hj
rank and wealth put him above the
suspicion of sordid and vulgar motives,
in his political eftbrts, and though an
advocate for more thorough reform
than is agreeable to his peers in socie
ty, he has yet always pleaded his cause
without fury or enthusiasm, and lih.e
a man acting upon olid grounds. '
Mr. Brougham ciay be mentioned
not precisely among the leaders of the
popular party, but among thqse w ho
would gladly have been" so, could it
have been conveniently brought about;
as it is he inveighs against them in Par
liaioent more vidently than any other
member. Mr. Brougham is a Scotch
man, and a lawyer of distinction He
is also well known to the literary
world as one of ,th e princi pal writers
in the Edinburg Rev iew, and it was
he that pointed the thunder, of that
work against Lord Byron's first pro
duction, and drew upon himself and
i.:.. i !... .. . . . . . !
ui ureuiren so uumeaiureu an attacK
in return. W hen lord Cochrane was
expelled from the house, Mr. Broug
ham would fain have been elected in
his plce from that factious and demo
cratic borough, and being willing, l ike
Paul, to be all things to all men. he
j declared himself at a public din nerJ
given on uie occasion, a decided friend f
! to annual Parliaments and universall
! ?ttfge such declaration beinir un
derstood to be a necessary pi elimiua
hry to an election. Unfortunately,
Lord Cochrane was re-elected, and
Mr. Brougham failed. His obiect was
lost ; but, as ill luck would have it,
nis opinion remained, lor it had been
committed to writing, and that in his
own hand writing. So it happened
one day during tne session, after he
had been declaiming pretty violentlya
gainst these old favorite tenets of his,
that Lord Cochrane produced the pa
per, and j-ead : it to the house. The in
consistency was pretty pal pable. Mr.
Brougham got over it in the folio win"
way : "The noble Lord, (said he,) is
excessively unfair to bring forward
this paper, as he knows that I have
made a motion upon this subject, that
comes on for discussion ill a few days,
when 1 shall declare my opinion fully,
and in spite of the noble Lord's stra
tagem 1 Shall still reserve my full o
pinion till then. Meanwhile this may
satisfy the house' for the present.
When I said uoiversal suffrage, I did
not mean exactly universal , but the
suffrage of all freeholders ; arid as to
annual Parliaments, we will talk of
that another time.' This defence was
thought quite satisfactory by his Whi"-
tnends, though it was ridiculed by the
Ministry, and found no great taor
with the people. Yet the man who
could make this speech, is reckoned
one of the. first men in Parliament,
and one of tlie ablest lawyers in Eng
land. : '-v f . i ;ro: ; ; -;
Counsellor Phillips may be number
ed among the. friends of thorough re
form, and notwithstanding the very
faulty character of his eloquence at
present, will probably in time be a
powerful man, and a truly great ora
tor. He certainly fosseasea a ery
vigorous mind, and most of the ingre
dients necessary for eloquence of the
first order. There has been hitherto
a wry considerable defect in taste, of
a kind, however, likelyto be remedied
as he grews older. - Perhaps h?s stile
will not be the worse if he does not
quite come down to the TreeLing point
of English criticism. , -
Universal suffrage and annual Far
lia':nehtft are at present the watch word
of the reformers, and some discussion
has been wasted in England upon the
question whether these are really pri
vileges guaranteed by the English con
stitution in its purity. The truth is,'
however, that the object of the refor
mer is to free themselves from dis
tress and oppression. , If this object
can be effected short of the reforms a
bove mentioned, they will not stickle
much tor them ; but, if in aiming at
; .this object they are compelled to per-
; severe till they obtain an ascendency
in this state, it is not likely that they
would stop short at annual Parlia
i ments and universal suffrage. In that
i case t.iey would be likely to annihisate
: at once the fiscal system, and that of j
i privileged orders, and to build up aj
j Republic on the ruins of the bank and j
the throne.
I The violent measures lately adopt-j
j ed by the government, have put a stop i
tor the time -to a public efforts of
j this party -but, as the Laureat well
i observes, the disease is not healed. lf,
j instead of saying that it is not the go
vernment but the people that stand m
1 i" l . 1 . i I
neea or reiorm, ne nay saiu tnat me
people required tobeieformed as well
as the government, he would have been
nearer right. No doubt the laborers.
are very depraved and ignorant. It J
may be doubted, however, whether a
superior degree of morality and intel
ligence would ind ace them to sit down
quietly under the monstrous inequality
which the Puet himself declares to be
intolerable. They would, with such
advantages, conduct their attacks with
more "system and skill, and with great
er probability of success, because with
less tumult and disorder. To gay
that the Uriti&h government does not
sUind in need of reform, argues hot in
tin cae a corrupt miiid 5 for I believe
Southev to be an honest man 5 but ve
ry little political sagacity. In fact,
this writer is always in the extremes.
In his youth his song was all liberty
ind equalit y community of words,
and I think of women, liis mode of
j public worship was to take a walk in
the woods, and a priest was his aver
sion. The British Constitution was
the venerable oak of his fathers,"
quite ruined by a fatal ivy called cor-
ruption, that ted upon its vitals.
Alas for the oak of" our fathers that stood,
In its beauty die glory and pride of the wood.
' What his opinrons now are, those
can tell who have waded through his
pious pilgrimage to Waterloo, his
Laureat Odes, and his late letter to
Mr. Smith, the coarseness of which, in
point of language, is its only preten
sion to strength ; in which he 13 vast
ly, angry, but so far from .confuting
his adversary's charge, that he docs,
not appear to understand it. In all
his humor, however, with the excep
tion of some lightycK.r dJesjrits of his
youth, Southey has the merit cf being
uniformly dull; the Worthy successor
of the Whiteheads and thel'yes
The midwife laid he? hand upon his skull, r
With this prophetic bless.ng be thou dulL
the opinion that the British Constitu-1
tion stands in no need of reform,' but j
is, on the contrary, a perfect piece of
political mechanism. Much wiser!
men in England, and even in other!
countries, have held the same notion,!
and the true-born Englishman in ge-j
I norsil fppl'j v full rmvirtlnn ' flrjf ?
UWI.w. M t4. VU i. T LI Vii LllUb UI J j
privileges are the envy and admiration
I of the world. It may, therefore, be a j
I matter of curiosity to enquire what is ;
I'll 1-. r .1 ti . I
tne true vaiue 01 tne political insiim-
tions of Great Britain, and. how far j
they really effect the. great and only
objects of a good government the se
curity and happiness of the people.-
xius enquiry , win lorxn tae auujeci ui
my next letter.
A T a Court held for the Coun'y of Warren
ijL in the month of May last, the subr.-i-bcrs
qual fied aa Executors of the last V il
and Testament of William Twitty, dec ;
All havii.g claims against the said instate
will exhibit them within tl-e time limited by
law, cthttwise vre shall avail ourselves of its
protection. -V v JAMES ttJRNEH,;
Juas 25, 1817V ROBERT PABKC '
No. 930
DR. RELFs BOTANICAL DROPS !
The following volunhry certiicatfs arc
firoofs of ticir singular end superior
efficacy. .
CtBTirtCATE.
This may certify that I, Gen. Jas. Wh .telaw,
of Ryegalc, (Vt.) have ., daihterwho has
been from her outh to the ttje of 2c e:-rs,
severely afH ctetl with the sal rhe m, aiui uf
ter having" t'ied riianv medicints to no ehect,
was induced to make trial of Dk. K elf's
Rotaxical Dhops,4 prepared by W. T. Con
way, which, after administering three-boU
ties, completed a cure, and she has not bee
troubled with the complaint since
4 JAMKSWimtLAV.
MontpeUer, Mirch o, la 10.
The following letter from the mother of
an infant is tntly vit treating to the aj
fie ted. .
W.T Cowat, .
Respected Sir Ap-eeab'e to your re
quest, I would inform ou, t' at my ion i nor
8 years old, his health as follows he has bt eft
sicl 3 years ; 13 months since, when inform d
of Dr.. Keif's Botanical Drbps and P lis, he
then had not the use of his arms ; one leg- al
most crippled : hip dr pped out of place ; hi3
thili swelled up and broke .n 5 places ; arm
in the mean time swelled up and broke in 12
places; many of the sores were down to the
bone for one year ; he had no use of the joiuia
but now has the use of both arms, sores all
well but three, he now appears fa be grttirp?
well very fast. Many sa.d it was imposs.Sle
that he could get well. Others say jt seems
hke raising one from the dead. I must tver
remain a sincere friend and well wisher to oil
who have shewn so much kir.dner to nv tea.
- ' . LUCY HODGEIld:-
Watcrford, (Con.) May 12, 1316
These Drops are a radical cure for Scurvr,
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fett safety. "Price $lskfor Dr KrtFia
BoTAsirit ppDrs'- Observe none are g-.ruvia
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Pamphlets of many extraordinary cures may
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A larg-e d:scount to Country Traders, an l
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SCtp AT
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By appointment of the Proprietor,
Which are celebrated for the Cure of n.ost
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Prepared en!v ly the sole prttyrictor,
T. W; DYOTT, M. D.
Grandson of ttp celebrated Dr. EoberU
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Dr. Robertson's celebrated Stomachic
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Dr. Robertson's Infcllibb
. stroyiho; Lozen;
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For the Preventicna.nd f uie-
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A safe and ir. fall; tie Cure for r
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r
7