7
A..
AND
N01RTH-CAK0LINA GAZE
Osrurc the pnt f fair, delightful Peace,
Unwarp'd by party rage, to live like Er other."
FRIDAY, JUNE 5, 1818,
Vol. XIX.
No. 97G-
rrr
m, yKTr kj
TTE.
. ..... DUTY ON IRON.
The follou iH remarks 01 .nr. ot.ith, me
Ilenresentative ;n Congress from this 'His-'
trict, on the bill to increase lite duty on ;
Iron iir.portel, are worthy the attention of j
our readers : v. .- ,v j
1 rise, s.'tkl Mr. Smith, for the purpose j
of mo v in g to st ri ke oi t the fi rst sect ion of j
i his bill ; and I hope the motion will not :
be thought unfair, when I state, that I
am opposed, not only to thje proposition
to increase the duty on iron, but to the j
bill in toto. On the subjec t cf the discri-j
rninating duty proposed to be laid on bar 1
Iron, made by rolling, I beg leave to dif-1
fer in opinion with my friend from South-!
Carolina, (Mr Lowndes.) He doubts the
nronrietv of imposing such a duty ; he I
the purchaser, and that he should be" a!
competent juugc. rNperienre iiasiaugni;;
r.e,that that is not the fact. The imf;ort-
iug merchant brings the article into mar- j
?..,." f.- K ,ii,-t- rf rwrtfit '''!" "irc l
iv-thing about the goodness r f the article, ,
it vields him Ins usual per centage. ;
I farmers, he great consumers of this
.r!irl, exchange their produce for it with; -
le merchant ; they are not sufficiently
kiiied in this traftic to detect the imj:o
'ition themselves. And so cunning are
Jie makers cf it, that, since a discrimina
,t;r.g duty has been imposed on this rolled
iron, they havt- run it under the hammer,
to evade" the duty and to cover the dect p
rion more completely ; it is not until it is
carried to the blacksmith, or the manu
facturer, that the real quality of this iron
is c'.Iscovti ed. ' I concur in the statement
m:4'e by the gentleman tVom Pennsylva
(i r. Sc bert) that this iron is little
raore th 4:1 pot metal in bur?, and that it
i, in facr , e, end (or nothing. M y ow n i m -pressior
ir, that if such materials arc per
mitted to c.Miie info our markt t lower
than getiuiite bar . iion, that cur meeha
riics will purchasiv it, and ru.it it to en
ter into our domes tic nvanufac .torn s ; and
if they do, it will undcubteiiy bi iiur our !
maimtacones into aisrej;ute. g.m, n
it is pern.i5.ted to enter into our ship buil
ding, it vv ill be pi f ductne of a great evil.
1 will ni t opjji se the ciiseriniiuating duty
now in cxbtt nee ; but," to rttut n to the
rraiii question, ! have said that I am op
posed i o inert a sing the duty on bar iron.
It is true, that the i.rM! rnastcrs in Ncw-
Jcrsc imu
Fennsvivama lv kVe made a
great i.t'ise on this subject ; but the diifi
euitv ucier wbicii tliey i-ber is aUogether
tempera rp During the late i eti!Ct:ve
Vvstem and the war, there was a great )
sccum ulat ion cf i i ctv in the Russi an and !
Swedish markets ; whi!.:t, at the same j
tiuie,
and from the same cause, the am- ;
cie became scarce and dear in the United f j
States; At the tcrunnation ot the late j
Av ir. this, as all other articles, made its
Avay, m great quantities, into our market.
The importation was much greater than f
the demand ; hence, it could onlv be sold ,
at a sacrifice by the importer. T he mer-j
.vluVnt was obliged to sell. ; "
1 have been informed, fiom a quarter ;
. r. iwk i thiiik I can rely, that bar iron, J
ui rccd quality, during the vear lSIc, I
-old in Philadelphia and New-York, at
?V m G4 to 6 dollars a ton, which cst j j
the importing mercliant mim
V5 to 90 1 j
liiiot last, j j
olhirs. 1 iiis state ol tlungs car,
Tl e merclvant vyUl lif t iinport, unless
seme prospect ot scilintrat a -profit. l
lint.
ir, I hae authentic evidence before 1
n.e, that iron has risen, since the peace
in Europe, '20 per cent, in Russia & Swc
cVn. Ciocd iron cannot be imported, un
der t!ie existing duty of S9 per ton, for less
than 110 dollisper ton. I have also in
formation before me, that, in New-Jersey,
where the greatest complaint is, that a
. ton of bar iron can be made, from their
bk oir.et :cs, at 85 dollars per ton a tlii
Itience of 30 dollars in the ton. If this is
true, the case is not-as it is lepresented
by the exparte evidence before us. And
where do these complaints come from
Tliey conie from the vicinity of the cities I
t'f rhilatU Iphia ana New- ork, two great
commercial tou ns. Iron made here comes
in direct competition with that imported,
and that which has been sacrificed under
the hammer, us 1 have stated. There
v ocd is scarce, and of much value ; there
: labor is very higu also ; and provisions
aie higher tnan iu any part of this coun
t ry. These works grew up, many of
them during the late war, and during the
restrictive system that preceded it. In
sv ch. situations, it ceuld not be expected
that works of that kiud could fiouriili at
r.rsy other lime. They.had no pledge from
this leg'siature, that duties should belaid
:;i.d cuiitin ued for their support ; nor are
Ave bound to sacrifice the great interests
r ibis country to prop such fungus estab
iiihuients. They, like ether speculators,
pvcted to profit by the necessities ol
ivir neigiibcis ; let them, then, stand cn
their own bottoms. If this basis is not
sv.'.l.c'u u;, let them go down. V
, ben.e f this iron is cl inferior quality ;
it selis4ii ilie n.aiket at from 10 to.lS'dol
..rs ks per- u u, than Russian or Swedish
;voa ; whilst, at the same time, at Balti
more and ether places, the American
ou, uiade in that quarter, sells at from
M e to ten ciohis preference per ton.
'1 heir bloomed iron is too much like the
I . Jighsh r he c iron. It is a question whe
xl'r ry e should encourage the . reduction
or ihU iron in the United States. It is
Important that yrur iron should be of the
best quality. Your cannon, and all vour
implements of war should be made of the .
very best materials. A our ship-builders
require iron of the best quality likewise.
The truth of this can be evidenced, by the
statement made bv the gentleman from
Massachusetts, (Mr. Silsbee ); who stated
to you, that vessels had been lately lost
from the brittlcness cf the iron used in
their making. But, again, sir, this iron
enters nto your doni estic m anufactures
also ; and, "in my opinion, it is not the in
terest of th's country to encourage the
production of inferior iron ; for, if it be
bro't into vour market, the mechanics will
r rchascit,oc it n ill ner into your domes
tic manufactures. They will be inferior
in quality - which will be calculated to
f injure their character in vour own market
this will encourage the exportation of
c m uurs n um nigidim, um rai ......
in iron manufactures. But, sir, the alarm
is sounded vou a re told, that, if these
works go down, the business of making
iron is lost bv vour country fore vcr; and j
' i
that, if w ar should
again come.
you
are
ruined. This I deny, and ag:tinst such
doctrine, permit me now to enter my
protest. At this time, the works in the !
interior of vour countrv ask of you no pro-
tcction ; there are only about fifty pcti-
tions on your table ; they bear but a small
' proportion to the number that are in the
i United States. All the works are doing
; well at this time. Where they are well
I situated for the business, their owners a re
' making large fortunes. In the part of
I the country from which I come, the do
! m estic iron has a preference to the best
( Russian and Swedish Iron, for most pur
. poses, and it sells lower bv oj;c or two
cents in the pound, whilst both pay the
same carriage. And, sir, at this time, ;
i there are seven new States in this Vni.iU, ;
j and two great territories, that have et f
1 to yet their iron from the north aiid hue-1 1
..: ; r.. -. r . . . . - . t i '
i km , tr mini loreign nacions , an inese ; s
States cv Territories have iron ore of the
best quality, & in the greatest abundance.
So pure is this ore, that, I am informed, I
it can be wrought into spikes and horse ;
shoes from the ore bank- Wood is inex- ;
haustible ; pit coal abounds iii great j
quantities ; provisions arc cheaper there j
than in any part of the Wtti ld ; and the i
price cf labor is lower than in the north, i
Where sla-. es can be employed, their
labor is always cheaper than tb;. i,f u iie
men. The seasons in the s i differ :
from the north ; in the former vni crm !
labor all the season, in the latter
not.
New, I would ask, if these pc p'.c :tre ,
gring to suffer for iron No, sir, verv v.n
V"j in supuiy inernstrives. yes.
U ...11 1.. - .I 1 - r
-sir,
and the north can be supplied ,'frotr
.at
qyiarirr, siiouiu iney neeti it. Ar'. oi tf
a market present itself to them, ia . v will
be able to supply the whole globe
who are not conversan' with the hist
of that coun t ry may su v , zr t, it !. i u
i
in
the interior, the fearriage will prevent its 1
coming into market. Sho'.ld such an o ;
pinion exist, it is a mistaken one. They
have the hnest rivers m 'the world, inter-1
secting the country m every urection. j
Aud, since the power to propel boats by ! '
steam, has been invented, thev have eve- j
ry facility for their cemmerce!
he true, can we not supply c
It all this
ourselves in
sar amcie -nav, i wouiu sav this inais-
pensabie a.-.h le
We achiev ed cur independence with
less facilities than we have at this time,
all w ill admit ; and, in a recent war, we
succeeded equally well ? Why, then, do -they
appeal to our fears ?
But, sir, I have another objection to i
this proposed increase of duty on bar iron: ;i
It is taxing the raw material of our ex-
tensive, domestic manufactories. At this j
time, we make all kinds cf tools, for the
various mechanics in this country at home
also, all the implements of our agrictil
ture are made in this country. In fact,
vhere is no species of manufactures in the
United States that are so extensive, or
so useful, as that just mentioned. The
duty prt posed to be laid on bar iron, by
he bid now before the committee, is 25
per cent, ad valorem ; ai.d the duties on
foreign articles, imported into the United
States, of which iron is the chief article
if value, is only charged with a duty of
iO per cent, ad valorm. Is this the way
that domestic manufactories are to be en-
; ccuraged?Thisis certainly new doctrine.
Alexano'er llannlton, who "was the ereat
advocate for manufactures at home, al- i
w. vs er.forcf d the idea, that the raw ma
terials should come into this country clear
f duty. In his able report to the House
of Representatives, in 17S0, on the, sub
ject of domestic manufactures, he lells
ou, in very direct terms, that this very
article of bar iron should come into your
country free of duties. His option was
hat, by encouraging the manufacture of
he article, ycu would increase the de
mand, and thereby its production, at
nome ; and that the iron works would
be benefited. He advanced the same
doctrine as respects copper, tin, zinc, bid
pewter, &c These are, most: of them,
free in your present tariff. But, sir, the
.vise acres oi the day the new political
- cenomists of the north, have found cut,
hut Hamilton was wrong, and that
Adam Smith's W ealth of Nations has
been a curse to this country. But, sir, do
not they advance the same doctrine, when
they say, encourage and protect oar cot
ton factories to the north ; this is tlifc way
to encou ra ge t h e pro-auction o f the raw
material in the south ? Why, then, is not
Mr, Ham iltcft's doctrine, as regards iron,
true likewise ? The highest tax, or duty,
that ever was imposed on bar iron, before
the war, was 15 per cent, ad valorem, 2$
of this Avas the Mediterranean fund duty,
which was never considered a permanent
duty. But, sir, your petitioners must have
13 5-6 per cent, niore than ever was laid
before. And they appeal to your patriot
ism they tell mi, that you shouldprotect
tttil ui oilv.il ut I1KIUMI v III Jiuui vuuiitijr.
And, sir, so you should ; but you should
never sacrifice the interest of the many,
to th e cupidity and mercenary views of
the few. 'But, sir, here, here is the objec
tion the great agrkultural interest must !
bend before these mercenary few these j
; fat capitalists. Agriculture must pay the j
i iiremium : she must be taxed ; and the f
i . .... )
, farmer, the most remote from trade, must j
be taxed most. Yes, sir, the man who j
has the fewest natural advantages, must
be taxed rr.ost lie is the greatest consu
mer of iron. To get the surplus product
of his honest lab.r to the market, he must
! have waggons, carts, horses, &c. These
require much iron to keep them in repair.
But, sir, what has been the course of these :
iron masters t
? When they found that war j
I foreign - iron from our mar-
had excluded
ket, did they say to the farmer : Come, j
, n. iiirtt lAisis, uu aiiuijL i.
from foreign markets- you must have it
but we sympathise with your mistor-
; tunes you are hard pressed your pro-1
' duce will bring nothing come, we can j
make it as cheap as ever labor is cheap
er provisions are cheaper- and the de- f
manu is greater you saall have it at the
'ld price Was this their language? No,
sir No. Say they, come now ; we have
the advantaee ; the farmer must hae it;
i. . . i. - i i - r : . . , .
ue is ooogeii 10 imy iroui us ; come, let
us make our fortunes. Ii,n rose from 50
to 75 per cen;. cash ; no credit now ; at 1
the same time, the farim rs tobacco was '
mtting in his barn ; it would not. bring 3 !
dollars per hundred ; his w heat spoiling be deemed guilty ot a hign misdeine inor,
in his garners ; fli.ur would not bring 4. ;nd shall be fined not exceeding' one thou
d"liars a barrel ; his land, his house,his ; sand dollars, and be imprisoued not ex
eve rj- thing, taxed to support the cause of ceeuing three years : Provided, That this
his country, at the same time. Did the : act shall net be constructed U exiend .o
capitalist sympathise for the farmer ? No," any subject or citi.en of any foreign prince,
siv ; the iron master's patriotism, his. yni- : state, colony, district or people, who shall
p;ithy was suspended ; nor would . he t transiently be within the United States,
h t'-f: ever thought of it again, but for his and shall" on board of anv vessel of war,
, it (' ear self, who t it ugh t it a good pre- i
j ' re.t ti. et the advantage. ot the iarmer a
li'tlv oi.ce more. Sir, 1 look up-n agri-
..ilur as the fii-st and the greatest iater- J
s: f thi.i country : and, whilst 1 am ho- ,
? ..red .uh a -eat on this llooi
, I will al-'
wftys raise mv voice m its sui
iporr, and '
r.c'i'rrt tiitse monouolizun' pnnciiles.
If ihisbill is :idopted, it will impose a con- ;
NHicrar ie taxon you
r agriculture, but,
poor i hi A gncul Lure
! She is, I am fear-
tul, tloonieU
n.iihufactur
soun to be the pack-hore of
es anu ot commerce, i ney
a i c : a i w a see k m g to ge t s m e ad va 1 1 1 a ge, ;
by getting numopoiies
iionc-st em .vgn-
ciih ure has no such feeihig ; s!ie knows
no such principles. Ail that she asks -'of
vou is, to keep yen
hands oiTher : she is
siromr ; she is atn letc ; let her alone 'tuu :
she can, siie will protect hcrseif. When j
then the clarion of war is sounded, who is
jtne most aDieaiiatue mvst tv-iuing to vwx
if the field, to defend ''your' nation's riglits ? 1
It is the farmer.' Is his soil invaded ? If !
it is, lie will offer his life h. the defence of
it. He is stout and strong ; his whole life, j
it or, mtancy t manhocdi is as a cam
paign. When lie is culled to the field, it
is nothing new to him to be exposed
Now contrast the case of the nianulactu
rer : any place is his country where "'.his
profits are the greatest. Is he to take the
field to defend his country, he is weak ;
he has been raised in a store room, under
a covert : he is unable to stand
against
the cold, chilling blasts of the north, rain
and snow. Nor is he even able to stand
the scorching ra) s of a meridian mi.
These facts have been but too fatally de
monstrated. But, sir, it is said your country cannot
prosper unless you encourage manufac
tures. How is this ? Has any countrv e-
I ver equalized this in, the samd time ? It
a.s uecn agncimurai soieiy, or ucuny su.
In less than 50 years this republic has
become a great nation ; second in com
merce ; second as a naval power ; most
brave in the field ; most skilful and most
victorious on the water ; rich independ
ent. -J-
But, sir, I hope I shall not be viewed as
an enemy to domestic manufactures. t
1 hey are growing up in our country, and
as we progress towards a more perfect
state5 of internal improvement and agri
culture, they will increase. When the
population becomes dense, when emigra
tion shall cease in a great degree, when
the fine lands of the west and south shall
be disposed of, then will manufactures
begin to raise their heads. I think it not
the true policy, nor the true economy of
this country, to force this state of things
by bounties and by-protecting duties.-
When you raise your duties beyond the
point necessary for raising the revenue
required for tne support of your govern
ment, ycu encourage: smugglings Your
customs are defrauded ; your regular
merchants arc unable to sell their goods; 1
fraud and speculation are the result. The
effect that this': will have on the morals 'of
your country, is too apparent to require
comment. And. if von commence this
system, all classes v will have an equal j
right to your protection. Yes, s'.r, the ,
tailors have pttititoncd you tins t.sion
for protection ; they want ycu to lay hea-
10 dollars for makinir a coat ?
I have gone through the observations 1. !
had intended to submit to the "committee. '
I hope they will scb with inc the ev il ten- J
uciu.y oi mis dim, ana wiii consent to
strike out the first section.
BY AUTHORITY.
An act in addition to the act for ti.e pu
nishment of certain crimes tgainst the U !
States," and to repeal the acts thtre'.u '
mentioned. j
He it enacted by the Senate and House j
of Representatives cf the United States
of. Imtrica in Congress assembled. That!
J if any citizens of the United States shall, j
within the territory or jurisdiction thereof, ;
' accept and exercise a commission to serve .
; a foreran nrince. Uate. colony, district, or
J per pie, in war, by land or by sea, against I
! any prince, state, colony, district or peo-
! pie, with whom the United States are at '
peace, the person su ffendir.g shall be i
aeeineci gumy oi a iiign misuemeauor, anu i
shall be hr.ed not more than two thousand
vv autics on clothes imported ready made. 1 ! q ox war, or cruizer, or armed vessel.
Who is it that will believe that they want j iji the service cf any foreign prince or"
protection, after "pavintr them from 7 to ,'htate, or of any colony, district or pcbnle
i
dollars, and shall be imprisoned not ex- i ceeding three thousand doltars, and im
ceedii.g three years. prisoned not more than three years. ,
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That " j Sec J. And be it further C7iactcdt Tht
if any pers(4i shall, within the territory or j district courts shall take cognizance
jurisdiction cf the United States, enlist or j conipl. tints by whoms(ever instituted,
enter himself, or hire or retain another j casts ;f captures made within the wa-
person to enlist or eu himself, or to go
bcyciidthe. limits or ju':sdiction of the U- j
nited States, with intent to be enlisted, or ;
. r .
tnteieam ineserviceoi anv eign piu.ee,
state, colonv, district, or pcoide, as a sol-
dier, as a marine or seaman, on board t
of any vessel of war, letter of marque or
privateer, every person S3 cfiending shall j
letter ot marque or privateer, which, at
the time of its arrival w ithin the United
States was fitted and equipped as such,
enlist or enter himself, or hire or retain
anether subject cr citizen of the san.e fo-
i reig'.i prince, state, colony, district or peo-
pie, who is transiently vvmim the Unitca
States, to enlist or enter hnnselt to serve ,
i such toreign prince, sta e, colony, district
or people, an ocai ti such vessel t war let-
iter of marque, or privateer, u the -mted
States shall then-le at peace with such
? icreign prince
state, ceiouy, district o:
s p e op I e .
ind be i further enacted That
if any person shall, within the limits ct the
Uni.eu btaie, hi out and rm, or atteaiLt
I to fit out and arm, or -procure, to befitted
out and armed, or shall k;.ov, itigly be con-
'cerned in the furnishing, fitting out or
T anning; of any ship or vessel, wun intent
. mat sucn snip or essei suan uc c.
in the service ot an foreign prince or
i state, or of anv coh-m , district or people,
( to cruise or commit hcstiiities, against tht
i vuijjects, citizens or pyjerty, oi any iu-
'reign
pnnce or state.
or ol any. colony,
disii ict or people, with w hom the L nited
j States are at peace, or sliait issue or de
liver a commission within the territory or
! jurisdiction of the United States, for any
ship or' -vessel, to the intent that she may
(be employed as aforewaid, every person
i so off'endintr shall be deemed guilty of a
high misdemeanor, and shall be fined not j
more than ten thousand dollars, ana im
prisoned not more than three years ; aud
every such ship or vessel, with her Uc
kle, "apparel ami furniture, together with
all materials, arms, ammunition & stores,
which may have been procured for the
building and equip'ment thereof, shall be
forfeited ; one halt to the use oi tne ninr
mer, and the other half to the use of the j
United States. t j
Sec. 4. And be it further eiracied. That
if anv citizen, or citizens, of the United j
States shall, without t ae limits thereof, ht ;
out and arm, or attempt to fit. oot aud arm,
or procure to be fitted ou-. and armed, or
shall knowingly aid or lie concerneu in :
t!ie furnishing, fitting out or arming, any j
pr vatc ship or esel of war, or privateer, j
with intent that such ship or vessel shall ;
be employed to cruize, or commit hostili- i
ties, upon thecitizens of the United States, ;
.
cn
or tneir property, or fcua.ii uht mc ooiu
mand ci, or enter on board ot, apy sue
ship or vessel, fur the intent aforesaid, or j
shall purchase anv interest in any such.-
ship or vessel, wiui a view to snare m tne
profits thereof, such persou, so offending,
shall be deemed guilty cf a high misde
meanor, and fined not more than cen thou
sand dollars, and imprisoned not more
than ten years ; and the trial for such c f
fence, if committed witlumt the - .fits of
the Unired States, shall be in the dis
trict in which the offender shall be appre
hended, or first brought." .
Sec. 5, Ami be it further enacted Taat
, jf any person shall, within the territory or
j'u indict" n of the United States, increase
'j or augment, or procure to be increased
! i r auirnented. or shall knowinirlv be con
cerned in increasing or augmenting, the
j lrce of any ship cf war, cruizer, or other
'jarxert vessel, which, at the time of her
j arrival within the United Stales, was a
or belonging to the subjects or citizens of
any such prince or state, colony, district,
or people, the sarnie being at war with a
ny foreijrn prince or statt", or of any Cf:Io-
nv. di.strit't nr npoiilf with i;liim th I f
nited States are at ijeace, by addin' to the?.
number of the guns of such vessel, or b
chaneinir tho.,e on board of her for m.w.
, . - - r "
ot a larger clliber or by the addition
thereto of any equipment solely applica
ble to war, every person, so offending,
shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemea
nor, shall be fined not more than one
thousand dollars; and be imprisoned net
more than one year.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted. That
if any person shall, within the territory or
jurisdiction of the United States, begin to
set on foot, cr provide or prepare the
means for, any military expedition or en
terprise, to be carried on from thence a-
gainst the tc; ntorv or dominions of any
j foreign prince or state, or of anv colony,
district, or people, with w hem the United
btate are at peace, every person, so
-v.i5, iiu.ii. uc ueeiueii gu:uy m a uign
i misdemeanor, and shail be fined not ex-
iei.i oi me uii'itu states, or within a ma-
rine league of the coasts or shores thereof.
h-e. 8. And be it further enacted, That
in every case in which a vessel shall be
lilted out and armed, or attempted to be .
rit.etl out and armed, or in which the
torce of any vessel of war, cruizer, or o
ther armed ves-sel, shall be increased or
augmented, or iu which any militaryex
peuiiiun or enterprise shall be begun or
set on foot, contrary to the provisiJns and
prohibitions of t his act ; and in every case
of the capture ofashipor vessel within
ihe jurisdiction or protection cf the United
states as before defined, and in every case
iu'which iiiy prtccss issuing out! cf r.u '
court of the United States shall be disch
beyed or resisted by any person or per
sons having the custody of any vessel' cf
I war, cripzer, or other armed vessel of a
! ivy foreign prince or state, or" of any
! colony, district or people, or of any
Subject cr citizens of any foreign prince or
j. state, or or any colony, district, or peo-
! pie, in every such case it sliall be lawful
j for the President of the United States, or
seen person a ; ne naii have cmpowerefl
i. tor that purpose, to employ such part of
! the land or i.aval torces ot the (Tn;t'-d
States, ur oftht militia thereof, for the
purpose of Ul;,g possession of and de
taining any such ship or vessel, with her
-prize vi- prizes, if any, in order tothecx-
! ccuion oi the pioinuvticus and penalties
o: tins act, ana ta the retcring the prize
orpriz.es iu the casts hi which restoration
shuli have been adjudged, and also for the
purpose oi preventing the carrying on of
any such expedition r entei prize from,
the territories or jurisdiction of the Uni
ted States against the territories or domin
ions of any loreigtrpriucc or state, or of
any colony, district, or people, with .vliooi
the United S.ates are at peace.
Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That
it shall be lawful tor the President of the
United States, or such person as he shall '
empower for that purpose, to employ
; such part of the land and na al forces of
the united states, or of the militia there
of, as shail be necessary to compel any
foreign ship or vessel to depart the United:
States in ail cases iu which by the laws
of nations or the treaties of the United
States they ought not to remain within
the United S ates.
Ijcc. 10. And be it further enacted,Tzt
the owners or consignees of every armed
ship or vessel sailing out of the ports of
the United States, belonging wholly or in
part to the citizens thereof, shall enter
into bond to the United States, with suffi
cient sureties, prioV to clearing out the
same, in double the amount of the value
of the vessel and cargo cn board, inclu
ding her armament, that the said ship or
vessel shall not be employed by such own
ers to cru'uc or commit hostilities against
the subjects, citizens, or property, of any
foreign prince or state, or cf any colony,
district, or people, with vf horn the United
States are at peace. -
Sec. 11. And be it further enact cd.Thzt
the codt cturs ot the customs be, and they
h are hereby, respectively, authorized and
M y -
required to deiam any vessel manifestlv
buht for warlike purposes, and about tb
depart the United States, of which the
cargo ihall principally consist of arms Sc
munitions of war, when the number of
men shipped on board, or other circum-.
stances, shall render it probable that such
vessel is iiuended to be employed by the
owner or owners to cruize or commit hos
tilities upon the subjects, citizens, or pro
perty, of any foreign prince cr state, or rf
any colony, district, or pecplr, with when
the Urhccl rttra are w! cce, until th