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mmmmtmm , . i mii.i, J 111 i - 1 " 7 f l:N VOL. XX. INTERNAL IMPKOYEMEKT., ftre-laie Addles of the Govfrnor ;of tbc r.:n-en much excellent nwttav.jnar, w ie our mderf wUl be Kitifiedljyjii i .from u , :f vjs Hj' jj i'W u The Drocress of our internal Jra troTements has equaUe6 bvr raost sani L;ne exDectations. In the course, of the next . seasons the northern Cana! from: Whitehajl at the head of Lake Champlain to Fort ;.Ed ward, the Hudson river, a distance of 3 Siles, &; the wbole.of the ihiddle sec tion of the western caijaU'cbmpnsmg 94 miles, and reacningjiroin,ine.oene ca river to theohawld river at Utica, Viil be completedand ifi anavigable gtate. Thusiin less tljan' two and an half years,scanals'to th ? extent of l 70. toiles vfiU be perftcted And, as .tlfe easterp arid., western sections of the .canal from Lake Erie to Hudson river will be about 260 miles, it is evident that, by the, applicatibn of,-'-similar, xaiins & the exertion M similar pow ers, the wholejoCthis icjternal naviga tion can be finished;ao jsix years from the present period, including' also the improvements essential; on Hudson rjfer from Fort Ed War J to the head of lloop navigation. It. U satisfactory; also to know that, so lar as we can judge from -the ; lights of experience,! 'cd t!e estin;ates ot tle Commissioners: And with tdlthV ad vantage's arising fn-ni increased knowledge, from imT rpyed skilland from circumspect ex perience, we are firmlj bersuaued.that the aggregate eapehse jn'ill fall short of the total estimate. Jf is also a most rratifv'ing consideratioti" to- find that from the progressive and 1 flourishing itate of the fund appropriated to this object, thevwhnle iindertakingcan be completed without "pro Jidin'g any aux iliary resources, ana itnoui imposing iny taxes on'tlie comminity; i Fron) the comcei icement o? tfie Cext'year, the finished portions of the can alsr will be in a stat ; productive of Considerable reyenue. V. ' ".fly the act respedting navigable communications betw en the greaf western and northern lakes and tjie Atlantic ocean, passed (he 15th April X81T, the commissionei s are only em powered to make cana s between the Mohawk and Seneca "j vers j and be tween Lake Champlain and the Hud ion river. Possessing however, phr der that act, and the.ac i to provide for the improvement of theinternal navi gation of the state, passed the 17th April, 1816, authority to make.the ne cessary surveys and :to lay out the proper routes for the Whole, of the restern fit northern canals, they have Rot overlooked the lattery altho' their Attention has been principally devoted to the former object. By tnat initia tory arrangement, it jwasvobviously the intention of the legislature to brir.or ktne calculationa or the commissioners tothe touchstone of experiment,-and to determine whether the resources of the state are adeqnate torth'e whole operation. This trial has taken place in the most satisfactory mariner, & there cannot exist a iloribt of the -feasibility of the work' or of-the abilitvof the state- It is therefore highly expedient inai a iaw snouio De passea aunng me present session, authorising the com p'etion of tiie whole work as soon as Jossible. ' lntlie course 'of this, year, we routes can be then so far defini tively settled as to enable f the ibrma tion of contracts to take eifect in the prinir of 1 820lbv m hicH irteansa'whole 5ear will t)e savied to, .the 'operation, and the state will liave I the. benefit of 'iferienced contractors, wRflf: might under a different stat of things be 'mployedin other uhdertaklnsrsi' And wucu we coniempiaLe tne immerjse pe befits wydi - wilt 'be derived from the consequent promotion bt agricultu re, Manufactures and commerce, from the tcqnisitibn of ri'Vnii .ifrhm thft cta- thshrrfent of character J and from the w oar honorable careerj by perfecting h aU possible expcdition.this inlaS -af'gauoa. ;Ht,,ePrcsent perioAa 'ton of com 2r 1rS Can be'corivevep from Buffalo, 7lAItanyvbj land for one- hundred br ?! a;d t0 Mo'n'freU . principally F'T.sfHuution ot the tedtra! union, we ut fed; ourielVes jmUllcd by, the. ?.ost co m manr li TmQfTves.vto nrocecd . . H . . . .'I . i : ; : , i , , u ' ...I. , , . . . w. , extensive and fertile country east of it are prey enlediifronl sending . th ei r rproductions to o"ur commercial empot jnum, r and they, mu$ either , resort to f the. precarious , markets of Canada j or to places more distantless accessible Lanu less auvaniaseous. neu uir great ! western xanal iis finished, the expense of transportation fromi Buffa lo to Albany will not exceed tep dol lars a ton. Almost all the ascending trade of the weitwlll be derived from the city of NewYbrkand a great por tion or the des4jendirrg products will I a c cu mu I ate i n . th at impor ta n t H depot, JK h&lf'a' million of tons are -at the present .period transported on the waters of Hudson river ; 'it is reason soriable to suppose that the time is not distant, when the .commodities con' jeydn the canals1' wilj be s jequal in! v f; A small .transit duty will conse-' quently produce an irnmerise income applicable to the rapid extingufshnient of the .debt Contracted for the canals, ! and to the prosecution of ) other , im I portan t im provetn ents; .To these works f then, 'we behold the ; opewtion of a powerful engine of . finance, and of a prolific source of revenue. f it is ceriainiy more importani mai the productive classes of society should have v good markets? ou tof the state, than that theyshoy'd be exclusively confined to indjflbrciit or fluctuating markets in it. In t h e form e r) . case wealth is diffused over the wholerconn try,. while in the latter it is limited to a very few towns. A wise govern ment ought to encourage comnmnicar tjons with those place's where the far mer and manufacturer can sell at the highest and buy? at the ; lowest price, 'And ns the acquisition of many " mar kets increases the chance of good ones, uGimimsnes.m many ms;ances ine. ex peiisesfof transportation, '.land guards against the pernicious fluctuations of price. -' I look forward with pjeaSure to the speedy arrival of the time,' when the state will, b? .able to improve' .the"' navigation of the- usqueharrai, the Allegany the Gennessee and the St. Lawrence,' to assist in connecting the waters of the great lakes and of the Mississippi : -to , form a junction be-, tween.the wcatern cpnaj anrl Lake On tario bv the Oswego river, and to pro mote the jaudable intention rof Penn sylvania to J unite the Seneca Lake with .the head .waters' of theSusquc hannaK. , '. '- T . . ' , " J3ut there are other and more im portant Considerations ton netted with this subject, which enter jnto the-very essence of our liberty and prosperity. The gloomy and comfortless doctrine, wmcn supposes man jncapaoie oi rree crovernmei't, necessarily .implies that he must Le.sul)ject j to a bad one, be cause it: presupposes his utter incom petence to govern either others or him self. In hereditary and elective mo narchies, and indeed in all governments not founded on the broad basis of equal representation j the actual ruler is thje prime ininister for the day elected from time:to "time by the Prince to' govern thd Country. Whether "this 'right of choosing be vested in an hereditary elector,, orin an eiecior ior uie ap poiuterlbyadiet'oriiionciave, or, in an elector chosen by an army of janisa riesit is clejir that it is a faint recog nition of the representative principTe transferred from the. Jjody bf the peo ple to an irresponsible individual to tally ,unfit, from his situation and edu cation, to , exercise; it With" patriotism add intelligence; Who then'can doubt the ' Superior 'i excellence of a free go vernment its entire accordance, with the dignity of wan, and its almost exr clusivet devbtedness to his happinfess r But iu tlie United States our libertv. r union are inseparably con nected . A dismemberment of the rer public, into . separate ; .confederacies would, necessarily produce the jealous circumspection i nil ; hostile prepara tions ofbordcring states t Large stand irig armie would be immediately rals ed dnceasing. and vindictive wars wou!df folio ffy and a mi 1 i ( ary;despo tiam: wuld -reign V triumphant on the ruins of civil 'liberty. - A. dissojution of the uuioh may v therefor be; consi dered y the nitnral 'death of our ree eovernmenU ! And t avert this awful calamity alfjocaf prejudices and gen-l : crapnicai aisuncuons snwmu ;ue ure- carded the people snouiu pe nawiuat- td tfif. : :. !( ficial infercommunication. & the whole d.the gTea:Rartk.of:; the Ii WMic migfUj totiwnavxogeei; wwuiwfaira XmoartarharmcwUh;c v. k iiii I'niiriEiii rirr l -" " ! . ?0arMrtte pla of ftlr, dtJlfbtfalPece.fc Uitwarp'd ay party rage, o tt" -"'""' rr1, " FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 1819; by thel golden ties otcomWerce and the j j ry reason to believe, thst the mbst be adamantinechains of iriterest'.-"' When 1 jieficial cop seqiieiieS) will result,' in thec western canal is hnished andi a cbmrauriication is formed v between T.ak MSr.hifra'n and the Illinois river or betWeeri th Ohio apd the waters of Lake Eriei the greater part of the U. S. will form one vast island suscep tible of , circumriiyigation-, to the ex-tenUjof- 'many tlipusandilesCv THe' most distant parts of the CjOnfederacy will then be in a' state of approxima tion,- and the distinction of eastern and western, of southern, & northern inter ests, will be entirely prostrated ;T6 be instrumental in producing so riiuch good, by increasing the stock of human Happiness py esiaousning ine perpe tuity of free government, and bv( ex tending the empire of improvement, of Knowledge, ot rennement and ot religi on, is an ambition worthy of a free people. The most exalted reputation Is that which arises from the dispensV i tion of ha ppiness to our fell o w creaA- tures, ana. tnat conduct is most accep table to God which is most beneficial, to mam Character is as important to states as; to individuals arid the glory ofa republic founded on the promotion of the gerieraf good is the com mon pro perty of all its citizens. . ;-' Important however as theim proveihentsare, yet they ought not to engross all bur attention or command all our resources. There are other i objects of primary consequence which demand the munificence of the govern j rrient," aud I ani happy to say that am- I pic uicaus aic at yw uiojwaau ; ; If Tne fund appropriated for 'the be nefit of commmon schools, consists of a million of dollars invested in bank stock, and in bonds-and mortgages and about eighty thousand acres of land. Heretofore sixty thousand dollars .have been annually divided among the com-; mon schools, ahd at the present period severity thousand may pe distributed ; but it is supposed that this pannbt be done with propriety, in consequence of the varyirigj and increasing state of our population, until a new census is taken. There is also a considerable fund denominated the literature fund, and the regents of the university, dis tributed during the last year among se veral academies, the suln of four thou sand dollars, vwhi'ch they vill be able to continue. ' ' , ,, "';' ;' , ' ' M Without averting to; a million of acres of u na ppno priated ,1a nd, some o f which is very valuable, and the' whole of -which is competent: to the Extin guishment of the public debt, it is suf ficientt ito observe, thattthe surplus of ordinary reveuuef beyond the current demands of gbVerriment for the pre- sent yearj will be about ninety thou ' s a nd cl ol I afs ; ' wh i c h will be augment ed j by the payment of arrearages ol taxes seventy thousand doilarsj and al so, by th e pay me n t of.thelebt due from tfie United States: so that with out taking iritol view large sums of mo ney which may come into the treasu. ry. from other sources, there will Pe in all probability, three hundred thousand dollars applicable to objects, of public utility, 7 - -yp: - ."$'; ;'?"p-$.-t leaving on a former occasion soli cited the attention of. the legislature to the encouragement of Agriculture, I have to express my regret at the failure of a measure, generally adm.ittedto be proper and expedient 5 ion account of a difference jof opinion asto its rriodit fixation, -That this important pursuit is the foundation of wealth, power and prosperity that it requires the ener gies of the mind as well as the labours of the body- that it demands the light of -. science to guide its progress,1 and the mutiineuce of govemmeBt to ac celerate its movements to .extend its usefulness and to cliffuse its blessings ar posttibrivhicb" cannot be contra ertedihy should the countenance of th'e state be required for the arts and sciences in general, and agricul ture the mostimporta the most tisefuj of all sciences ;4beJ a lone tProscribed frbnirticipaion in its bburityr?tApiriV9b great' improvement is isirig&pread- ing in all directions, and, wherever' it rs xpenenceu, 11 carries jn us train extensive and jnnumeVaUa blessings; TThei societies ilridyjn by stinuilating emulation and diffusing information, effected great good J-jarid if they; be assisted in. their useful and honoraliayerr, by pnatmns,anu ua Doara mjgncMUire, coririected With aJcburse' df epVropri- I I, I If :v :.;V' t::., - f - j ni u 1 ti plying th products, bf the couri ry -rpi ii I ii ere a s 1 1 njf . in e.-v c. i u e a nju amc Horatjng tho qualitjy of puV com modi- ties-f-in preventing the mentationt the' iearhe,dJprpjFessidris and: jin maintaining the eqoiuprium of society, by restoring: the inpsi iri. portarrt ihtjereit, tand the -most nume- rous calling to its merited intellectual ranki The board of agriculture ought also to be invested : with "lauthQHty to make a statistical survey of the state, and to obtain periodica! returns r of nirins, marriages ot ueatns. Knowt 1 edge of our resources, of our animal . y egetabl e, and mineral productions i 0f the condition of our agriculture, rni. nufactures, and trade ; and- generally sp eaki n g,-corii nl ef e i nfbr m ati oritl thej state of theci j-y,lwith a view to its amelioratior7 would effect great Irii provements in the practical . pursuits of life and would opennew and im portant views' in the science of politic cal philosophy -a.se ierice of all others the most interesting, and ihe jeast un derstood, The special desnatipn of a tuna for these objects, either by some of the expedients proposed ai the last session, or by others which can be ea sily deyised, is required by every con- siuerarton oi pUDjf ic spirit ana puDiic duty,' .'-';. s r'"- ' f j JAMES MONROS; President of the United States of Jfmcrica,. fO ALL AND SINGULAR-TO WHOM THESfe PRESENTS SpTALL COME, GREETING : , Whereas a Treaty between the Uni ted States of America nd the Chicka saw nationof Indians was concluded and signed, at the Treaty Ground east of 014 own, on the riineteenth,day of October, one thousand eight hundred unci eighteen, by Commissioners on the part of the said United States,! and certain chiefs, head men and warriors, of the whole, of the said Chickasaw nation, on the part and ir) be half of the said nation ; which Treaty is ip thei 'tfrords following, ito: wit : 1 ; P' '-' Tp settler: all Territorial Controversies, & 1 to remove all ground of ; lcom plaint or . dfssatisfacticn that might -aiise to id j terrupt die peace and harmony -which lhas so long rtnd-sp happily ecisted be v tween tbe United States of, America, 'and thfc Chickasaw, nation of Indians; . James Monroe, President of the- said .United States, by Isaac Shelby and An- ! tliewi Jack&on. of the one Dart, and the vj'hole Chickasaw nation, by their chief headriien,' and warriorsiri-'full Council' assemDiea, ci tn,e. other part, nave a s greed on the following articles, which, . when ratified by the President and Se- n ate 01 ine umtea atates 01 Amerjca, shall fgrrn a treaty binding n all :par- ties. Arti lsti Peace & friendship are here- by firmly established and made-perpetual, bet ween the United States; of -Aprica'& the Chickasaw; nation of Indians. ' "tflV' At.' 2d.; To obtain the object of. the foregoing article, 1 th e Chickasaw; nation of Indians, cede to the United States of America (with the exception of such. re servation as shall be hereafter mentioned j all claim or title which the said nation has tot the land, lying north of the south boun-i dary 'of the state of Tennessee, which is bounded south by tW 35th degree of north latitudei arid which lands hereby ceded lie withiri the f6Uowingouhdiary,;viz Begin-' nine on the Tennessee river, about thirty- five miles by water.Below Colqnel Georgev- vxuiucn lei iy-wiiie uie tniriy-min te gree pf north; latitude strikes the same, thence due west With said "degree ; of bbrth latitude, to vi here it cuts the Mississippi river I at pr pear the Chickasaw ; Bluffs, thenqe up the, the said-Mississippi river to the mputh of the Ohio, thence up the Ohio:riyer to tne mouth of Tennessee r yer, thehce upj the Tennessee: river to the place of beginning. 'l ir ' Vi' Art. itt coiisi eratibjj cf thetriin quishment of claim and cession of lands Ln the preceding article, and ..'.to' perpetuate ihjs happiness jof the Chickasaw nation of Indians, the c6mrnis$ioners of the United States, before named, agree to allow- the said nation the sum of; twenty thousand dollars per annum; for fifteen successive years, ro dc pai annually, anu, as a tur ther.rbnsideration for the "objects afore said, and at the reque?tx)f chiefs of the said nation, the coriimissloners acree tot. pay Captohri fordon; of Tennessee, the sum of one thousand one hundred and fifteen dollars, it being a debt due by Oerl tiera vf uuduj vuiucimi saia .nation 10 1 the aforesaid Gocdoji ; and the further J sum ct two mcusand dollars due py said nation of Indians td Carit DavidSmithl how of Kentucky, for that sum bv him ex.4 pended in jsupplyin himself and forty e ijvtj bviuicrs iijoi Tennessee, in ine year ftir- -... Visa, ' inaians jiDa wnrca sums cation of ' the Said nation Wiuimoo oay aner tne numca ,, . ,!,. , ' J jp ' ,,.11,,, W4 : r-L: , NOi 1010.' -v: .- .. ... i . T 1 : Artit 4thiThe commissioners ame..nfi r :,V?r., , 7 the further arid; part idalaf application of the chiefs, arid for the -benefit of the poor ' and .warriors of jhe said nation jthat ) tract of land contain5g four milcs'quarjet ;-: : to include a salt lick 'or sprjogs, door neV the riyer.Sandy branch; of the.Terine V see river arid withjn the lArid Herebr ceA. -ed,, be reservedn tb aaid off in,l square or oblone so as toinclride tlie hesrT timber, at the pption of: their beloved chief ( -Levi Colberts andi M&fr 'lames 5rown.ipV either of thm rwhrerhefebV made liirV.; gents and trustees far the; riation. tb lea ' F , sair iit or springs oq tne toiidw-.,; ing express condition, viz, for the benefit' ; ot this r ese'ryationas Ijefore recited.' th-' j trustees or: agents are bound 4& lease , tha ' said reservation td i1a&itlen;9rct2e)&''f of the U nited. States fora reasohablequanr 1 tityof salt, to be paid annually tothe sat ct ; nation for the use-thereof, and thar; : front 1 ' and alter two years after the ratification ! y of this treatfeno saU riiadesatheworks f ; j . to be erected on this reservatinn hall ' vA sold within the -limits Of the sarpibr!a higher price than one dollar nr hmh'M nf,r ; fifty? pounds weight, on failure'of which, the-lease shall be fitedrindferek servatioir revert to the United States: r f; V Art 5thj Thej xomraissioners : iereki ": that there shall be paid to'Oppassantubbv a principal chief of the Chickasaw nation, within sixtyjays after the atificatjon:of i K this treaty, the sum pffiye hundred dK -f lar as a fuU cdmpnsatiph for the- rescr-; vatioh f two : miles square; the:n6"fUa1Jvv side of Tennessee ' river,' secured to blri :i . A and his heirs tjy the treaty; held witli tne f said Chickasaw nation,4 rthi-;tweritictn '1 tiy;f ptembel8t$arid:thB further sum of twentjfive dollars to John Lewis ' ; a half breed, for a saddle he lost while iu ' the service of the United States ar,d ta 1 j shew theregard the President of the Or 1 : nited States has for the said Chickasaw nation, at, th$ request of thechiefi of the v , said nation the commissioners ab. thnc I the sum nf one thousand "nfoA lhtvlh;n'.t dollars shall be paid to ; MaL. James Col- J ;. tiert, Interpreter, within the period stated " I int hi s.1 jartj v. arcie, .ii oewg um h amount ot a sum ot money taken from his. Pocket, in; the month; of June, 1816, at the? 1 theatre in Baltimore-an'd the said com missioners as a further rer'ard -foVrsaiA, , nations do agree that the j rejervattons f made to Ceore:e Colbert and hem Cblv ' ' bert; iri the treaty jield'arf the council nouse ofsaid nation, on the 26h eptem- ucr, 10 ju, ; tne nrst to Mau vorge CoW bert, on the north side of Tennessee riveri' and those to Mai. Levi Colbert, on ffeeT ease siue ox tnea omDigriy-rivershll en and bounds as defined by sallt"reaty; ':v$w - agreeable to the markshd ooundariei sa" o laid lofT ant! marked by the. survey obfthti ure,tq tne soie use Ot .the said CoL'Geortfai f ' i Colbert, ' and Maj; Levi Colbert, their j J f ' heirs And assien forever, with their euta V t.vtt uniiea states wnere tnat is; the case; ana ir where the reservations have-not been Ui( -f ' ,: offanmavkedbyarvejroro ;V ,r ted States,, the same shall be sq done-aaj Y i ' ' ! soon after the ratification of thiar treaty" a$ practicable, on ; the application' cf the ,re-" 'X' servees or their legally apoioted agent' , ,y A rinderrthem, and agreeably, id th0 defini- t v i tion in the beforeC recited treaty; :'t;his --:.v greemen is maae on the-following pix;- ..' press conditions? HhatJthe said land and : those living on it. shall be subject to th' ' laws of the UnitfecJ States,kand alL legal, ' taxation that tjriay k imposed on the Jaridi ' V 1 or citizens of the United Statesinhabitinr. ; the teritory: where said lahd is ita'at-ihr 1 he commissioners tanner agree that tnjei - v. reservation secured to John McClei.sh. im' : the north side of Tennessee river, bv tli& - befbreirecitejd? treaty; iri cbriseolieDce;bf : " ' ; his haying been raised in the state ofTerif r t nesseeY & mryirij ; enurej to the sole u pf the said Johp Mc r' ; '(i7,'his-eirs arid higris : 'ftrjeverjsnv V the same conditions attached to- tl)e ds r of Coiv George;Colb,ert anitMaj: Levi '' ' Colbert-in this articJe: r- d -'vV- -X-: iArtpth. The two contracting particle : covenant and agree. thattile-Uinepf jtfccy c south boundary pf the State of Tennessee 'u-, as described in the rsecond article f this I " treaty, shall be ascertained and marked VV . by commissioners appointed bytbPrWi- v ' (dpot of the rtT.-5.that thearks . shall Jbts v ,- omd r "ije trees to he olazed, on botn siae3.. of thelmevand the fore andafttreesmark- f edU. S.v; aiid that the pommissidners shall " be attended by two persons, to qe , desir . ; nated by the Chickasaw nation, and the? . said nation' shall have due and seasonable, 7 -.' notice wnen said operation,' is1 to fcc comt tpenced ; 4tiis further agreed bf the com " I v - misicncrs tnat an improvemeni? actual- j ly madc.by individuals bf the QhickasHv ' f nation which fhall ibe found wjthm . the , iaau5ceuea;Dy.,uiis rTty.tuaia iir anil 1- , reasonable eompensation shall bpa , therefor to the respective - individual- -3 ; havirijgme.bwned'te sameVr ' ; o ' .Art, 7th jf In consideration of the friciulr ; ly arid conciliatory difposaton Rvince;! jlu-. ring the riegociation'ci ihis.ltrea.t by .ufeSy. -Chickasawchtefs fmd warriort. but more? ) particiatlyi's.-'a manifestation of' the ? p anu jioeramycx tne - rresiaeu Otine u .p. tne commissioner vagrre tt7-: - - lenaing - Tneir rgive,tan tne ratification : ot this treaty; tor j r ; , oiuic weeic nnoony,-King or the Uhickasaw oatinV' ; on tlie appii lyto XTeshua MincoV ' William ' M'Gjlvery Jr i i r are to he? Paid ! t'A'hr.5iscWntnKhw Mriitiz'-'U'S VZU lh &v ition of this i LeylCblbert, Ickaryocuitaha, ex JPe&- . ) iz- H .1 1 a 'I -. : .- ' -v.-: -y t' -y.1-v h;-'-. .v.'-va ;. vr,
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 29, 1819, edition 1
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