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.!? ' J .! - "ir. - - '.--- - ' - ' - v; - .! - . ' ,a t - i - 'I ' . - - i vui w t w . zr - - r i j I j . i f - . 1 i a -7 - m i " 3 ' t , - . , ) - Unwarp'dbypptv fgg like BrotheTt.' - j i - ' .- ; - . , 1 y r - ; -, - Ji'-. : ' '- " ' . . ,i . . i i (j. - 1 1 1 ; 1 ' . ' : 1 1 , , ,. , - 1 : " ; . : i. - - ; jMi. . i, I - . ' '-: .rr- T I,: i " .: ; . ADDRESS ON NATIONAL INDUSTRY, ( Continued. J The assertion that wages are too high to permit us to manufacture the necessa riesof lif, assumes a new aspect, as we extend its application. Let us suppose ihat ihe crrp of cotton in 1819, in the U nited Sates, was SeO.OCOhags. This quan tity, if sold abroad, at 16 cents per pound, and allowing 2 cents per lb for freight, would have produced about Rl9,OCO.00O to the country.; Let it be admitted, that this crcp was manufactured in Fnglandv and expert from thence to the United Stages in its manufactured state ; at a fair wholesale price in our markets, it would be vorth more than 100 COOXCO dollars. Here the value of the raw material would be enhanced j sav 810X0,000 dollars. The value, of course, ir.cludr s the high price of American labor in raiding the cot ton. But in what is this 100 000 000 dol lars worth of manufactured goods to be paid ? The opposers of the tariff say, in the agricultural products of the country, and, of coursejin American lahor. What ;sthe deduction ?s Why, that one year's product in ccttcn; hen "exported to Great Britain aud converted into ccrfnmodities by British labor, cheap as it is, and deli vered in theXTnited States, ready for con sttn.ptir.ni wilt cost more than five years' lab r of the same people who produced the original crop, extravagant as the stardurd of American wages may be. ow suppose, that, instead of sending this SCO.COO bags'of cotton to England to be, rr.J nufacturedj it had been sent to the middle and eastern States, and there con verted to useful commodities ? Wruld not more than 80, 0C0,0C0 dollars have been saved to the country ? It is, indeed, most extra ordinary) that the profits tf manu facturing industry are so erroneously es timated on.ihis side of the Atlantic. Mr. C Iquhcutf, in his work on the Wealth, Pov.er and Resources of the British Em: lire, estimates the annual profits of that country,' in the, manufacture of cotton, wool, linen & leather alone, to be dollars 270,000,000 ; and the aggregate annual profits of all their manufactures in whxK three n lllions of people only are employ ed, at 507,68883 dollars One solution of cur mistake is, that we forget the al .rocst incalculable productive ness of labor saving machinery, which can be p.pplied I)ut to a small extent in agriculture, but to an astcnishjng latitude in manufactures. A war-is waged against the only branch cl muusiry in wiiicn xiiis grei tuscovery ssfullv an- ' culation of! v t of an cx- i can be extensively and succes: ilicd. According to the calc t!r. Owen, the superintendant tensive manufacturing establishment in Scotland, theimanual labor of G. Britain, . in 1817, was equal to that of 6,000,000 of ! t men, while her manual labor and labor-!: ?avirg machinery united were equal to - 9 , , 1... inemacnsnerycinueappiiiawitn u as much ease in the United Mates as in much ease in the Unhed States as in thebphantom of hielr waees mav thus be ! driven from our affrighted economists. But let us admit that wages are high in the U. Statesi If we should pay 50,000,000 dollars annually, to the manufacturers of cotton, wool glass, iron, paper, hemp, f.ax, and other articles, in cur own coun try, and their employments were lucra tive, who woold be the gainer? The A$ mencan nation, if paid to France, Spain, England, or Russia, those rations would be the gainers. If manufacturing labor is high in the United States, agricultural labor is also hih, and they will balance each other. ' Internal exchanges will cor rect themselfes,and wherever the profit falls, it ultimately falls' to the incn aseof rational wealth. The great object is, to hcsbar.d and command our own resources, f nd not waste them to.hire foreign artifi cers to feed, 'clothe, or defend us. . This sn effe ctual tariff will accomplish. Far be it from the friends cf national industry to wish to plunge the gnvernme'rrw nno nnancial embarrassments. 7 he pre judicial tendency of the proposed tariff, as respects the .revenue, could easily Jbe cbviattd. )ur importations of .cotton, woollen, ircn, glass, and other protected manufactures, wcnldof course, be dimi nished, and the revenue affect td'. This decrease, would, in scmedegree, be sup plied by the augmentation of duties on these very commodities. - Thus, if we im ported less of iron, glass & cotton goods, yet, as the duty w,uld be advanced, the loss would be .-much less than might be imagined. But we would go further. It is universally granted, by sound political economists, that the most wholesome tax is that imposed on the luxuries of a peo ple. This principle could now be.applied iii this country. The duty on wines, bran tlies, gin, malt liquors, spices, European dks, China- silks, worsted goods, linen People employed in agricultural pursuits in England. 5,500,000, annual products, t ' V '21617,620 in Manufactures, 5,000,000, annual 'profits, after de dtxtirg the raw materials; 114,230,000:. Or 2507,688.883 88 vi. f . 1 1 i u-nr. in or npr wnrns n iiuu ijihj : ;u;w.e,t,;MM. a' t.ir he employment of 217,550,000 without machinery. La- . .nc,a, capital are p Dor-sav fflhrics. rrockerv and china-ware, hard ware, and plated ware, could increas ed to an extent' more than sufficient to meet the deficit produced by restraining the importation of cottons, woollens, iron, glass, paper, lead, hemp, flax, and other manufactures, for which we have an a bundance of the raw .material, and yet the consumption of the former articles be not materially lessened : for it is a truth perfectly evident, that by. augmenting our general ability to consume,, the present demand for them could not onlv be sus tained! but even extended. The expedi ent is fair, plain and would be effectual," and surely ought not to be rejected when the. lasting prosperity of the nation is at stake. From the tariff we pass to the second consideration, the cash payments. On this subject,- it is natural that much prejudice and much contrariety of opinion should exist When a portion of any community haveheir habits moulded to a particular manner of collecting revenue, and neither jts advantages nor disadvan tages crime before the eyes of the great mass of the nation, changes, however ra tional ard necessary, will excite some ap prehensions. This is the precise case be fore us. , The system of custom-bouse credits, as it now operates in the United States, ex tends a bounty td foreign capitalists. xho monopolize the "sale.-of foreign goods jn the An erxan market. A British mer chant rr ay ctxport one hundred thousand dollars, in, British manufactures, to this country: on arriving htre, they are en tered at the custom-house, bonds given for the pavmet't cf the duties with a long term of credit. By means of our ;sales . tit auc ; tion, these goods, however defective in point of quality, are forced upon the peo ple, and sold off for cash. The avails of the cargo can be sent to England, f.nd a second, third, and fourth cargo, sent out to this com; try," before the whole arnount contained in the custom-house Lx-nds, for the first ca go, is paid. The current ex- pensesof the shipping manufacturer, or .foreign merchant, who thus exports car- , goes to the United States, art nothing to ibe compared with those of the American importer. The former pays a commis ision on the goods sold by the auctioneers, and that, with other incidental charges, j may amount to five or six percent. ; while ; the importer of this country must keep ; up a regular mercantile establishment, pay his store vent, his clerk hire, taxes, sustain tie expenditures of his family, perform civil at d military duties, and de fray other heavy disbursements. The fo- ipn.irop0 ter HT) the foreign agent, per- jpct') understand the means of controlling tFie markets of this country, & have had rt ... , j7 r,,. .. t ims Kr.owiftitje ior many years, i ne nuc- & ut If IT rdva .. JcJLIT e tuations of demand are always known, and made accordingly .y antages resulting to the U- . .. ... t..e -u.u ui yn state of thines, are numerous and striking. i - - u - - and circulation of Ame- revented, & our -wealth . . , f i ...-.ML iuu. ; protiucis, in no tirgret ucnriiieu. rcr, :wmI? moner nnd stock can be received 'in return for British go; ds, reciprocitj of commercial exchange will be eliscarded, and necessity alone govern the comump- Jtion of American produce. While vast quantities of foreign fabrics thus fill the country from foreign workshops, and their ! introduction and sale are. thus directly Protected, facilitated and encouraged by the eovernment, a tair con.)etition -can never be enjoyed by the American manu i facturer or merchant. He has no chance ; neither capital nor cnterprize will avail him. I "By abolishing the present system of ; custom-house credits; and resorting to leash payments, the foregoing eils will i meet a remedy. Overtrading and wild and disastrous speculation will be greatly corrected, and a healthy, and regular state of things ensue. American capital, skill, and enterprize, will be placed on a basis j that is fair and equal. Suits on custom- hcusebonds,which now include ail amount . of between three anel four millions, will be obviated, and the. government be ena bled to know the extent,, and hae the immediate use, of its pecuniary resources, free from loss and disappointment. . The most plausible objection 'brought against the adoption of cash payments, is the assertion, that they would have a ten 1 dency to destroy small, and ben'efit large, capitalists. This objection is more spe cious than val d. Ital.is now rhe course riurbucd1 by the slender capitalist ? If he . makes in. port; tit. ns of foreign, goods, he ; n.ust give bonds at the custom-house, for i the payment of the duties. .Sound and responsible sureties are required. The object in giving bonus, is tne enjoy ment of credit. f Why then will. not good sureties at the custom-h use be good endorsers at the banks ? Notwithstanding the manner in which the interests of the government; are guarded when it assumes the capaci ty and relations of a creditor, the extend ed credit at the cusieiu-house, anu the li-j ability of failure in the concerns of small capitalists, render the character ot a uret) highly respemsible in this case, and probably more so. than endorsements at I bank. In the preset t state of this coun try, no difficulty occurs ia obtaihiug libe- ral discounts at the banks;and thev ran 1 1 those always be had bv imporfers, when ithey are Reserved. 7 There ls'rhore mony in4 ine nation vnan can imu cinpioyinnir The advantages which must result to the community from bringing a large banking capital into circulation, are of no conside rable import.! "The effect ofthe crjedits at the custom-house in causing extended and ruinous credits, in all the minor ttnv actions of businersl is worthy of attetifve consideration! Not dnlv merchant; but the farmers and ithe consumers of goods 1 generally, have suffered much" from, this 1 r credit system. . ' . '.' ! ' i j We now come to our last clause the ; proposed duties on Sales at Auction,?: , ! . The present auction system is thecoTrn- terpart of custom-fiouse credits ; but its ' friends are far less numerous. Among all the violent opposers of a nev tariff and a resort to cash payments, none havej stood ! forth to vindicate the monopoly of Ithe . auctioneers. On the contrary, they are , compelled to allow, that it prostratjesjA j merican industry, and carries ruin equally trader,, the manufacturer, and thelcpn sumer. W.e shall here glance at soib of its manifold evils. : " ' i j; It has been estimated, and we hjelieve the calculation is within bounds, t hi) fo reign ''-rnanufacturcsj to the amoutVtl of 50,000,000 dollars, have been annjuilly sold in the United Stater, at auctiol It has also been estimaird. the sales in I the lcity of New-York heing data, thnthrcc ftnurths' of this immer se neei'ee:atc belong ! to foreigners. If we suppose that .tl(cf fo reign goews consumed annually, in the-U-nited States, have? amounted to 60,00000 dollars, we can easily calculate the extent ofthe auction monopoly, land the -degree in which foreigners displace the employ- ment oi American capital, and control the supplying of our market?, rour the primary' sales, in some of our princi pal commercial cities, are now effected by the auctioneers.! Goods of inferior quality, manufactured abroad, for the , auction markets of this country, and the remnants of large stocks, are sent here, sometimes, merely for the sake of the drawbacks and bounties on exportation, and sold for cash. Every thing is reduc ed to system, and the practice of bidding up the articles on sale, is well understood by the owners and vendors. So long have the people been accustomed to resort to auctionssuch an aljurement do they hold out to gambling and speculating propensi ties such a stable command of the mark ets have they obtained thatwilh all their pernicious effects, they will still flourish amid the general ruin which they create. It is apparent, that they cause continual fluctuations; in trade, baffle the calcula tions of the; most Yliscreet and discerning, prevent any settled value to property, en courage fraudulent contracts, operate fre quently to the great .detriment of honest creditors, .when debtors choose "to rid themselves of their effects, and realize the avails j in the most rapid way. The loss to purchasers at auction is oftentimes immense. ; Goods are vended at different prices, varying from JO to 50 or 60 per ' cent, and again sold by regular traders,- j I hose who buy low, can ant ret to sell I low, while the purchaser who obtains his j merchandize .at an extravagant rate must j see himself undersold, and his commodij. i ties remaining upon his hands. ' - While these thines exist, and the ma- fi 1 nufacturers and shippers of foreign nations i can thus send g30,000,COO or-,S$.000.000 ; of their merchandize, annunlly.' to the U i nited States, and, have a long credit at the j custom-house on the duties Awhile, with j out paying rent, taxes, or cleik hire, they ' can place this merchandize in the hands of the auctioneers, and carry 'away, every ' thing like convertible capital ; while their advantages ?re - worth from 10 to 15 per ; cent, over those of the American citizc n : canlwe expect to flourish ? Do we won der that domestic manufaciures are pros trated and nearly excluded from our markets fiCJah we wonder, .that national industry is unproducti ve, anel its prospects so gloomy and cheerless ? : . But what is the remedy ? Let such a ' tax on sales at auction be imposed, as will j place American industiy, capital, and en terprise on (fair and equal terms wtf h the industry, capital, &i enterprise of foreign ers frequenting our marke ts. This seems j to be the only practicable method ot doing ! away, monopoly, and relieving the country I from the gross evils which are now,suf fered jfroni this source. e have said, I tliiit by means of the auction sytem, advantages enjoyed by iorcigncrs . ou-r ourselves are equal to from 10 to 15 per cent, and they are often more. A duty, then, jgraduated by these - advantages, j would, but open a theatre of fair corope i titioni and theLvial interests of the Aaie rican community require it,--. . -The f i iends of national industry, in clos- 1 int? this examination of the three foreeo- f ing 'measures, which they ardently hope i may engage tne iavorauieauenuon oi ne general government, will here advert to another result which will flow fromthe adoption of their views the promotion of "Inland Trade. . -, Ni; country on the face of. the globe is so well calculated to sustain an extensive and, prtibiable inland trade as the Unittd 'i States ; and yet it has been left to struggle j with the obstacles f wii as rthU ds of an adverse rjoHcv. When the navigation of our great rivers is improved to the xfent which they will eastlyadmit '.; wtiem canals are opened, roads constructed,- anddvrnestic manufacfures duly en couraged, this country will present a. new and unparalleleelRp'ectacle of national prosperity. Different" climates, different habits,! different sojIs different agricultu ral anjd manufacturing pursuits, directly conspire to , favor internal commerce. Whatever may be thought of the doctrines; ot Adam Smith when applied in extenso to the jpolicy of na tions, they may at least be considered binding on those who con tinually urge them, to dissuade the Ame rican government from protecting the in dustryjof the community. We wpl! here quote the words of this celebrated writer, upon the subject of home or inland trade. "Thejcapitah". he observes, ' employed in purphn-sing foreign goods for home con sumption, -when this purchase is made with j he produce of domest'c industry, roplpqes too, by every such opor.ation, two distinct capitals : but one of them nly is employed in siipportirg domestic indus try, llie capital which sends 'British goods toJVrtngal, and brings back Portu guese goods to Great-Britain, replaces by every such operation onlv one British cap ital, rhe other is a Portuguese one. Though the returns, therefore, of the fo- reign r?dof consumption . should be as as those of the home trade; the ca quick pttal rl m ployed in it will eive but one half or the; encouragement to the industry or productive labor, ot the country.. " Bni the returns of the foreign trade of consumption are very seldom so quick as those of the home trade. The returns of the bme trade, 'generally come in before the end ofthe yer, and sometimes three ; or fotjr times in the year. The returns i.of the foreign trade of consumption sel idomciomt in before- the .end -"of the year, pineTlmeUrnenot till after two or three ; yearsf A capital, therefore, employed in niv, uviua iftAUt will MIIICHmeS ITiaKC twelve operations, or be sent out and re turnee) twelve times before a capital em ployed in the foreign trade of consun Dtion has made one. If the cahitnla hrp mimtA tierejure one ivul grve Jcur and twenty . -- . - "7 ' times jtnore encouragement and zvfifibrt to theindu&try of the courryjhan the How far a nation adopts tlese princi pies' of jiolicv when she suffers foreign na tions tjo crush her proeldctive industry,' by? flooding her with foreign manufactures t( thej amount of SO,; 40, 50, & sometiinrs 100ip00,000 -HinuaUy, without extending a nw.rket to her raw' produce, is. Jeftfor rational; calculators to say. The products of H-grLtciilture and domestic .manufactures must (constitute the grand support of in ternal t rade and exchange ; and Inland trade will flourish in proportion as t'iese products are multiplied, and channels for thoir distribution "operedi ! The present .dcph;ra!e stte of our fis cal concerns, is too important. to be for jrottcn in this place The ltej report of the secretary ofthe treasury has exploded all the fire-wrought theories of specula tive economists, concerning tne depend ence upon revenue derived from Com merce. We. have been told that since ) the institution ot the government, coin wercc has paid S 350.C00.000 into the i treasury of the 'nation ; while the fact, i that, not coiti! e l cc , hu t the consu mers j Qffo'"?ign products and manufactures, ' from the Atlantic to the Mississippi, have paid his sum, has been studiously kept out o:' sight, and no notice taken of what i those consumers, the laborers, the fargi f ers or the country, have paid in xyar debts, j appropriations for foreign missions, for ouuGng.anti4iupjportin.g a navy,, cc other heavy disburseTrrrents-to protect Cflmniefce. We haveagai'n been informed, that unless we encourage importations of foreign merchandise,. trT"thedisc6ur;agen)fcltt.of our own industry1, thaT&ur, reenue will fail, and the government bediiven to seek for new sources of pecuniarysupply and we have bee'i) told this Too with las much solemnity s though oirr coffers were now full and overflowing. But .06 these; politicians who thus oppose the highest interests, of the country, pretend; still to make,. us believe - that commerce sustains ihe government in its .annual ex: pendituis ?, Do theyi vainly imagine that the people of tl:e countiy. are blind and ignorant Wh'atoes'lr. Craylord, the Secretary ' of tlie Treasury,- inform, us ? He informs us that the ntrevenue of the H-esent year '.will fall" short f: the esti ruates'about 4,5 00,000 ".dollars-, ,the?loajis authorised not being included tand, with out those loansr short of th?-expenditures abouf 10,000,000 doilars.He recommends a further loan :( blit is.it not time for the nation toprckect its industry, and lay a. foundation for a reguiav and pcrmantni revenue, instead of ahnualiy sustaining the public expenses by an increase. of pub-: lie debt ? 1 'Jx ( To 6e: concluded in our next paper. J .'?; -1 FOR REKT, V';-. : ONE of the most, eligible stands for a Store on Fayetteville streets Also, a PLANT ATlOK 6 miles from the City, consisting of 150 acres of clear ed land, with a, good 4 welling and out houses, inquire of . r -,.:' - :J.iHH ASSAM. ..December. ?9.v : :t ' - r AMEmCAK COLOJiflZ ATIOII SOCIETY On Wclay.fY tbe 4th annual meefin offflie'Atnervr can Cnlonization Society, Iwa nel4 t nr. iiaune'8 : cnurcn jo - ine cny- vi WasMnstonr Walter Jone Fa. informed the;. meeting that he fmn receryeu a letter from f he f Hnn.-.Bushrorl Wrshingt" President of the; Societyi statinihia regret that,a severe, indisriosition pre-' ventetf his attending tbe.meetinia:. and h i s pn.fi irni niihed enri fidpnlc in the u I- timate sucees"oftbe i Society, annhis a r d e f Av i s h e s fo rj , th e ft n al fi ceo m pi ish - ment of its creat andxberfevolent ob The Hon. Henfy Clayl onKof. hetl Vice Pre9Hlents was, called, fo -th chair, on the taking of which, he made a handsome and, apprnpriitp address, principally U'e'njperpevflrinjj efPrtS inthe jprosecntion of th ortnal ob-. : jects of the Society, & obviating: thetib- ( jectionsi which have beeh rade against , 'its Rucce??,. from! I the j ncdrrrences of the. past year ? and justly Iconcluding, that whilst there was mucfi m animate perspverancp there the members to was nothing to create despondency or alarm; ' ' The annual report of he board of managers, ivas then read b the Secre- tary The following resolutioi 8 were mo- ved and adopted! aceomp? nied by.ye- ry appropriate remarks fnim the Hhn DanieijP Cook, the Hon! C. F. M-p-. cer, Walter Jones; Est. andvFraneia.. S Keyt Esq. setting ! fnfl theerear advantages wuiclji the measures joT the f n . - il "l . m.' ' . . Jt oociery.promHici io-ini4-cpwuTry anu. f o Africa ; particularly it importance in aiding the friinds tof iumanity in putting an end iojhe slave trade. . The highest eijcomiu)n ra$ rhade by several of the speakers, en 'thebti duct of the officers andcrewsof .our navy, employed biv thati service, in suppressing the slave trade. Tor that humanity and ki ldness wich have often distinguished ourvttavy nfficers, in the attention,' kiudnesil, tind libe ratity, which they had shlnnxio our sufferingi'settlers . J. ,Vr,,' S':V... On motion of th& hen Dajiipl PCook Resolveel,thatthe thanks of this meeting be given to the Board of Managers; :for the zeal and ability with which they have . conducted j the concerns of the; Society; und the report now read bejrecejved and a depted ; , and th at it t)ekvpuplished under the direction of ther Boards j v. ', ; r ResoIyedUThathTjhJJe vtheSociety a ments the calamities which have befallen ' it during the past year j it does not des ' pair ' of that succesg, nthe hope, of , whict led to its organization, and ,whicrfrom its mbral.Aud:polUcat'impartaiiee is so elesirable.l --:'':-4 -V.'I ;.- On motion of the hon, Charles Merr cer, Resolretl, that, with mo&nful regrei for their untimely jdeath tj Society en- tertairKa high respect for the memory, of the Rev. Samud j Bacon, and J, P, Bank son, agents of the United Statei, and of"' Sasmel A. Crozer, ageht of the Society. On mot on pty Walter Jones; Hq Re solved, tjiat the thanks of this meeting bo ' given to CaptV Edward. Trenchard and Capt.AleiBder!SJJWadsf orth, and to the officers a4 ere ws of th ; U. S. arme4 shiP pyane 6nd John Adarls, forthe aid, advj and succor, which t$ey have giv en to-the agents and people;sen.t to form a settlement on the west coast of Africa. On motion 'of the Rev. Wiiridtri Haw- tcResolvecli that the thariks of the ScV ciety be prese'nted to Cap. Randall,, of Cane Shilling. fbH lis hosoitalitv iii re- rceivinr into his house the Jale' ReV.Sairii. Bacon, and his kind attention to hid 'dur ing his sickness aiid death; J .. ' , On motion by J)f. Smith, Keaol ved, that the thanks of this meeting be given to the Auxili try Societies, for thfe continuance of their;' support Raiding tie funds ofthe Society. 'flr:r . I : . On motion of the hort ChV F: Mercer, Resolved, That the Officerk of the Socie- ' ty appointed at the last anliual meeting, oe contmutcl ouruig the ensuing year. x ur oocie;y inen;aajournea. r 1Z MRS; LUCAS EfiCTFULLY make Jcnown that she is prepared to instruct Female Pupils of - V me ouciny,. anu ouicruuiijj i-auies,on tne fi AKO; FOKTF the ensuing year J Letsons orr wt ll toned, luid in. eyerv respect, suita ble instrument, will begiVeiiit fier.residence, and every;facility in her power, for theacaui. I aT:i. m It . . - ... . i b) lion oi id is ornaTucmi dm ich of Femile tdacationj will be iltorded t those Who may think proper to confide ih he! s. Her lermahwiil be lOLdolIa ttaleiL Jan. 1.L i b. i fs per quarter ...... ' i y i;i: ' :. BLANKS ?M ?t ri ccriprioh may be had And ranting ii.fceneral don on the ahorteat now 1: v --. - i .
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Feb. 9, 1821, edition 1
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