THE 0JhT$RZ OKTHE ''GftAjg' ' V- PR,THE RAJ.EIGH REGISTER SiR---Havinff' seen ? in a 'Northern raper; an account, bv.a" traveller," of tne" nianner.oi raisip orapes in inis State, in whicft Ke states fbaUWvines are allowed to groiv as 'loxuriantlj as they inay, & arersunported bv frames' -though this is.: well knoVynher in those states where, the Grape is raed in the Eurof ean fashion, v'atty conflry inaticD of. this which- rnajr Jead ,to e, periniehtramorj;(hein finay bp useful. Several ears'past, 'I saw an Arbor covered vitfij grape-tines? the leaTes of whicbyeenjed o cpyer the frame at jeast three feet. ;Ori going under thfe arbor,' I found an immense number'rf buucnes oi grapes nanging unaer.tne frame work, .hi a green state. 'I doubt ed the possibility of teir ripening un der such a thick shade ; rbut on enqui rj, I found that vfheiT-ripe. thej were as fine.if not superior in flavor, to those which were exposed to the sun. ' J ' ,'' I have been informed by a French gentleman, that iint frayelhng to Nor- folk, he calledjat a bouse, on the gable of which was trained a Verj. luxuriant'J grape-vine, un requesting a ouncn oi ihegiapcs, a boy went into the loft of the house and brought several bunches. He enquired if jlhey.had been cut , off the vine jind laid in trie loft? No it was answered, the branches of the vine had made their way under: the roof, and had been carefully trained J along the rafters and that these were earlier ripe, and of finer flavor than those , which grew on the outside ofthe house. The late T)r. Brehon, of Warrenton. .received a cumberbrgrapevines which' had been sent from France to Mr; Jef ferson. vIIe prepared ?k Vinejard in . lvhich he planted them, and some na tive grapes, which;he treated fin .the EnrcpeanV manner, but -could neer su ccetd in raising grapes. Me. after wards planted some of the vines in a grove, to. run on trees,' the result-of which experiment I have never learn ed; .'- - V , V . ' ; ; . : - A. ;,r"- K From the Rational Intelligencer. Gentlemen-t-A few days ago I read in , joiur paper a very; polite note ad- Pressed to me," from a gentleman in j Philadelphia, under the signature ot H, to whichl request yon to publish the following answer,: and you will oblige Your' obedient servant - . JAMtSLEANDER CATHCARTV Sir In the card rvhich you did me(the honor to ac.dres to me through the niedi " um of ther Philadelphia Union,4 you askj - Do riot the Flcridas consist of sand and l!avial soil and then draw yoor co'n4 clusimV That the Floridas are notcal-1 culated for th culture of the vine.' Per mit me to return the: coinplimert by ano ther interrcgatcry. In 56 or 57 thou sand square miles cf. territory, the extent ofthe Floridas,' are there no. highlands, hammocks," or .pine ; barrens, or sandy banksefstreaais ih'a deep vegetable loam, Collected as alluvion or otherwise ? If there are not; then 1 must confess that I have made a most injudiciousjselection ; foi it ,1s well knbWn thai," in the southern parts of the United States, where there is an absence of iUicious sand, in most cases the grape vine.is absent also, 'nd cannot be- cultivated without, much trouble and expence ; & no.doubt'the company wjikh ycu. mentien (fromRamsey) was unsuc-; cesstul utheu'; brst attempt,4trom having settled on tco rich and dampr a soil,' with out a sufficient shelter. But travellers in- form us tbat'tliere are many such sites in Flcrida, arriongst hom 'permit me. to qucte Bartram, yhb states that the indi- gencus grape-vine grows there spontane cusly ard in great vigor, aud some ether' .aiithors.reccmrcend a soil precisely such "as you condemn , & all authors who have 'written upen the culture cf thevine.agret? ; upen a general principle, which they con sider incontest)blci. e. that ,to produce good wine, the soil upon ' which the vine grows must be sandy. . - -; V 5 ? x ; , dcuM dry pine hills," with a southern .exposure, will be found moret congenial U the growth of the vine, andwilkyletd grapes far superior to thoe Drotlbced on the rich and moist bottoms of larce" rivers. ana inai iana . now cxnatmned to irreme diable rsterility, will, hereafter. 'product- vines in great-prft cticn ; 'and, , as a con siaerable quantity of the soil in the; Flbri das; iscf ttjej above description, it is nut perceived why' the ines oi Eurcpe Asii; ndr Afiica, may hot be propagated theiV oas much advantage, or the indigenous ' . ynprtved.by ; engrailing, as thej can. in Georgia or South'- Caroliua, more especi alty as the soil and climate a re similar to he sites, jbf the bcii vineyards in Europe, feaftrarn t r - vb I 1 Floridas in ir?4 an4 7 .aid de-loa the- liye oak and other trres . erow o jan 1 immense size, as follows : A' ttV is really J astonishing to behold the firrape vines in this place. From .their bulk 'strength' one w ould i m asr? nei the v 'were' com binert tin pull dph rthese mighty trees"', to.the' I earth ? when, inacti among other eobd j purposeSvthey' serve , to uphold 'them.- 7 r They; are frequently 'nine ten'jmd twelve inched fn diameter, ia'nd.. twine "-.round "the ; trunks ofthe treesclime to their very ; ror?5, and " then spread alone; their limbs, ! from tree to tree, through Tthe forest - "The JnilMs hut small, and ill tasted.-', v I It is preciselythe same with the grape from which the. bestiwine1s re mnde ; the Madeira grape is unpalatable, & no doubt JJ those grapes may be much improved by proper cuiiivanon. ' , f " .; V The-same author states, that, consider ably -Jo the north of,the;Alabam .river, " he crossed . extensive open plains, the soil gravelly producing a few trees, and. shrubs' or undergrowth, which: were en tangled with 'grape vines' (vitis ca ftipes trti) ofn peculiar species the bunches (rabames) pf fruit wete ver)' jarge, as were, ; the grapes ' tha t5 composed them though yet gpren and, not fully grown ; burwhen ripe tbey are of various colors, and their juice sweet and rich. The In dians gather great' quantities , of them, which they prepare for keeping by first sweating -tfieni; on hurdles over a gentle fire, and afterwards drying them on their bunches in the sun and. air, and store them up for, provisions. ' These grape Tines' do riot climb into high trees, but creep along from one low shrub to. another,' extending their .branches to a great distance horizontally-round, about ;f&.it is very pleas ing to behold the clusters "pendant from the vines,ralmost touching the earth In deed, some of them lie On the, ground." It .is probable that the above site is now included in the State of Alabama ; but, from the best information which I was able to obtain when therei fronrf travellers who had passed through the . Floridas there -are . many extensive sites in that" newly acquired territorVt which -correspond with the. above inj every particular as to climate,' soil, exposure, and natural productions. ' Th plain of ' Bordeaux is" composed of an alluvion formed of sand admixed with the mud of the sea ; when there is not "a clayey base ; which retains too much moisture, the wine is delicious. That part of Champagne so renowned for its vineyards, is one of the most sterile parts of France ; it presents an unbrokerT plan, where you meet almost every where fragments of chalk or red sand stone, with little earth and .some fossil shells . and Chaptal remarks, that the. fine Hermitage -wines are proaucea in a granue sou, as the most delicious wines of bicny are pror aucea' on the declivities ,ot iMount Hitna, and in its vicinity, "where the soil is mixed with, a large quantity of; the lava, sand,4 ix ashes, thrown up by volcanic eruption. Inlripoli, in Barbary, the vine is cul tivated in a soil nearly all sand ; it is only rfixedv with such; vege tables-mould as .is procured hy collecting the refuse of their gardens; and kitchens, and consequently is in very small quantities f yet 'no better grapes are produced in any part ot the world. T'1 :, . , .;V:;. .' ' In the Island of Madeira the vine " is cultivated in v the greatest ; perfection cn the sides of hills' on the south side .of the Island, V hich iska bed of rock ; their yinej yafds1 are composed of a , ferruginous co lored concrete, having the appearance pf volcanic origin, which is found in large masses on Ahe surface." and when broken into small pieces, is soon decomposed by; ;ne action 01 ine sun anaaimospnere, ana when mixed with such vegetable matter as is procurable, becomes very fertile and produces : the grape of which''jrhe:"besl wines are made superfluous . mristure; which would otherwise destroy the, vine, percolating easily through it iothe rainy or extraordinary wet seasons; U ; t;- On the north side pf the island the qua lity of the. vine is the same, for. cuttings transplanted .from the north tb the" south p reduce the same grape in perfection, while those, transplanted rom- the" south to the nprth invariably degenerate ' This is, attributable to too great - moistqreiand: want of suScient shelter from , tUc north wind for, in .some spots Which enjoy ei ther a ; natural or artificial sheltar, J the wirieis much better,' and approaches near. er to what is called London Ifardcular. 1 'From' these premises I therefore ' con clude, thatihie grape vine may be'culti Vated in the Floridas to greaf advantage; tfie position, exposure and description of soil 'Corresponding almost exactly " with the places yth ere,, accoitluig to the.?-best French, autbdrs,the: finest vuieyai-ds in Europe;are situated. '' ;v ' '.".v ' .-"' It wpald be intruding too mucKon the' pacience of the public to be more prolix on this subjecti at leasts for the 'resent.- For more accurate inforHsatiori perm it me to refer, you to the following authors ; ;v Chaptal V Statistics f of . France ; .;Cburs de Agriculture, .by the Abbe Rosier jf U niversal GeogTapby, by MIrMentele & Malte Brun; Banhez Miller's Gar dener's Dictionary ,& extracts from them, contained in. jthe' works of Mr William Darby, corroborated by! his owri observa-r .the cultivation of, the vine,, publishedll UUUil UUU I UUJVIUU3 VKIBUUIMIi 1 fcllMI AjO I J pons anajucicious geograpnica remarks -...w., , - . - - -- - - 7 v.- it - ..vji - , r -J '. is -1 1 nolo tniraKiin. tna ramrn tnipc AT lnii 1 v inn" nnn rpcnprnin r aiuiiriicp Hsxemu r.u auit, t in ,the Rational- Register, jri - l$l?r b I iim1!- sis natural fioects;bIw hOTMtejr$t$TRi1l3 pit lAMES L. CATHCART; fary service are bt natipnai rniQe? jand . t;firsCwttlfe'm'enl:&.cilbnJ ; i am respeciruiiv sir, your uui..r.i vt. ( lit l: HE AdCR T ElRS OtUuT. ARMY OF 0RV ' j '' V V VUNlTED,STAJES,'r'. h : - ::,A . iyasnmgton cwv.wmwc , " 5 On a'ssuminglthe new duties prescribed to 4him by the Department of War, the Maior-Generai considers - it doe to his k situation to direct the attention of the Ar- 1 mv. to certain; points relative u ns wisui- j pline. and. duties. '. :: : 't i The state of fhe military establishment is of a naturie to excite a deep concern fori , its interests fTberminute divisions .which; l ; it has suffered; from the necessity ot tur VnishinE: garrisons .for the numerous posts r that. lineur inland and maritime borders,- 1 and the abiderment ofthe sources of corni i peiuton; mseparaoie iruui ; ii uiaci acu conaiuon, are aiiKeiuniaauic iu ii ui3 cipline. ? The principle emulation, which, in j combined ' forces, has an; irresistible operation by a force inherent in itself is Ibst upon4 bodies whrchvdd no feet the to-' fluence of contact; atid can 'find a ' substi tute only; in the increased devotion of those, who. are invested wi: h command. Discw pline, no longer nourished by a principle of constitutional activity,' beccmes in a great degree dependant for existence on the application of authority by those in command, and on the principle of obedi dience in those of subordinate situations. ' Viewing the subject as he does, th e , Ma-, ior-General cannotrej ress a solicitude for the prosperity of the army a solici tude which is relieved oniyby;a conn-, dence in those, bywhos' Co-operatioti his own efforts are to bersukained. " Subordit; nation inauthorit is' the essence' of mili-' tary government, and it must be fostered by tha't respectful deference, whih is dufrom all officers to each other.ih their, private as well 6s in their official corres pondence. . ' ; r. t The Major-Geueral feels it his duty forcibly to enjoin on the officers of the, ar jpy 1 the necessity of; maintaining a spirit pf harhiony among, themselves. In addi: tiop to j the consideration that personal schisms tend directly to m he subversion of rriititary order and disciplineiit will be obvious to them that theif profession im poses obligations, Which do not exist in ft he other walks of life Distentions; and contrpyersies ampngi private .gentlemen affect only the characters of the iridiyidu-i al parties yhile those among military officers, impalhthe renutation ofthe body of which they are members ; and it is but ' . - !.': - . i r. gratification of his personal enmity loathe consideration that the reputation of nis itvjri associates will necesSarily bejuvolve me oDioquywnicn ne oraws upxin ' ' "J. Jl - i A 1. 1 ". ' .. ' Si : his own A'tnougnit may pe anegeu hat the distinction which has heen made be--V' tweenithe military and the other depart- ' i--r L x :.!C.fi ' that it is deduclbleVather frorr the popVil lax jealousy of military . institutions, thn j frem any principles of reason or justice; ' an admission of the fact;would torm. no argument against the existence of the pro-, pensity.to chaise upon' the .'body, the er rors 'ofits constituent parts'; and while the propensity exists, it is the duty of all to afford no pretextibr, its action. ; Thefpre valence of desertionfhas been an evil of serious magnitude and it does, tnotappear, tobe justified by a view1 of the past; condition or the.; military estabiishrj mentTAll research tin t this field for its causes-has been unsatisfactory. The cha racter of the military profession is honor- j aDie .me. &oimer is as wcu proviaea witn cemforts as' the citizen in common, life, arid his- occupation is neither more' offen sive nor more laborious. There are rest-' less., discontented spirits "in every sphere of life,1 which i rfo indulgence nor kindness I can bind to stability ; but th se examples j tlo not exist in sufficient number "to justify tlve range, desertion has: taken m the ar syst wards' their men. The officer is thevde positafy of the rights of-the' soldier, f ano the obligations of his bffice, as well Hi the iaws ohon6rvahil huiaanity, claim a faith-, fiit execution of .the;trustiWhen tlie soldier ceases to regard the. offi ter as'his protector, ; the authority withAvh?ch the laws Invest the latter loses its efficacy in I his estimation OThe'- surest; remedYfor the evil of desertion is contained hi a rigid j and steady discipline;; Jflje salutary it must possess botn tnese qualities out no .yiolation of iaw caft beMeenied essential to its. pforcementi 3xs enctf uponthe soldier becomes , impaired the moment he ;feels that , the system y-hich gwerns him ; is fiuctuating in iU course "or that if vtolatesV the principles Cupon vhich it is founded.r The certainty of laws . cbnstK Hutes their principal f5cac)S aiid; howe - ver, severe restneons may De, tney are obey ed s so ; long a s tjiey are . dispensedVby the hand of jus ice, and not of oppression. 1 It shQuid be th? study of officers ta cui iy ate ihtimaterrelationi 1? itb socic ty and to-.attach the community uTtheinterests VW VUIUIMUUIII W IU& liilLl (.SL of the army, byi tninglicg.ith circum f iiiy.t ;Ji ne evil musi oe reierreu in a uc fglTe to undue severity, or to the absence pof system in the conduct of officers ! to: intimacy bctweens thef nation and the V. wnts id which: it external defence is'en tyustedCThe affections of the nation c- stitute , the only pertain ana , perm auenir Dasis,.upon VniCwtpemiuiaryc5j-wH-tne-M 1ori fiiiilrl'. ft ' rpnutationl ' Under.a gqverhmerwhpse, whole efppfehcy is de fivntivf" -it, is anna Vent thlit evei"V subor dinate institurioti- mst participate In the- 5 fnuntain of power. To -the country,; then, I in its mnst.enlareed sense, the arm v must I look for re w ards of its successes, and for support in the hour of ad versity ; and it is onlv bv deeds of arms in war.'andvdeVd- Irtionjto duty" in rieacethutiis objectlcan: be attained. .JK-yr-AY? .. i ne natioriJrtiust oc conyrncea,inav jwe army is progressing a 11 usefal in)rove-; merits, and must be madeto feel tuat it is n ronilected with its safetviind iionor.r5 It is in vainvmat pjiiucri couiwiaju ui mi- ficulty of this? achievement Itjs: called; for by the highest duties enjoined by-P&A tnotism, and it must toe iectfd, .asi.'tney,. value 'I the! r-.owrt; repu tatibu"and the 1 cdn-; sciousness of baying performed iheirdu'y: " The efficacy tt example is too generally, felt to be asserted ; to officers of rank the; Major-General loots' tor constant exniDi- tions of zeal and attention to their profes sion. If tbey perform their duty, he can not doubt, Confiding as he does in' the w6rth and taleht.bf the juniorgradiesi that' the army will be distinguished for its de votion , to thea institutions of the country,; and a model of order and (exoeileucein the military profession-r )U3-ft CLieut.E. Kirby, Aid-dercanp?tbJ; the MajorrGeneral, : will .'perform the. 'dudes of Adjutant-Geherar of ; the?Army unti). further orders. . ;" .-r' :-:: j 'SS: - "-( JACOB BROWN - PENITENTIARIES. from the Virginia Enquirer, n "it x ! 'r: -"r.: -V :! ;;; v- ' ' Me n do not al ways acccurately dis- I tinguish betweeti the real principles of ; a system and its abuses. , We confess V.. . n ' . " ' i 'I. ... tnat renuentianes, in mosi putces have been erroneously conducted but is this any reason whys the 'whole sys- tern' should be brought into discredit ? .Some have even talked iof-cancelling th e "w hole 9 and agai ri,resorting to the tbloodyJcode of Draco. !' A cbminittee ! of the last Conjiress has made almost i injudicious report upon thfs subject Ill Jew-xorK,,hayejacTea wjin mejus- .,. ice m mi ravening it& causes vi omusc :and trving to avoid them. The report nn tlift Auhurn State Prison of Newv Vnflr 1 k nia nF.iUv 1.1 if lnrtSvl Vi(. t t ;t.oJ0 mAmxs aL;.otoki -Uf T nintin report to thevAssemDlyot Jjouisianar. are- evidences;of the dawning light up-4 on this subiect No Penitentiary can succeed well wh ch is not so construct 4 ed as to answer. these two purposes s- 1st. Ofmakinc the convicts sleep alone ; you must not tnixtogether the young and. the old, the comparatively good, and had,, the hesitating andkhe hardened offender ; but vou must keep them at night,' and on ll the Sabbath, as much apart.as possible. 2di You must, moreover, mafcethe dai K i and solitary cells an indispensable portion ot. their punishment;; Ada-to inese pre-; cautions, that they hail be vpunisheJis sopn as they misbehayelTshari see few of- ; nb'.stranrs; shall serve but, alH or ly alU their tim and be rofedeVtd wbr; when they are: put tbjit,- wit as much tenderness a is cnMSteni; withrjtli'e strict rules, of d iscipl ine, and you ayoidmost of, I have fallen. .You would scarcely Oevet see a convict returned tor ,n secona oi-. i it i . -' V - t . '- 1 fence. Some economists vfish to convert j& into anibney-makingmachineT; there, lies r one great- mistake Yo4 oughCto1 force; the'convic to -work-tUrn a certain portion of his time to account, ntVpre-, yeut hiswprk fi ombeiu wasted vbra.' crificed ; but the making or saving of nio hey is only a; subrdittate;Vns1deratioii-r The great object is punishmentrpunish J nieht that is certain to be : iuflicted, and t ffective iii preventing crinie as far as;pos-j It costs society; less to ppnish in that w.ty, bdt this ponishmentis sd' uncertain ibat it, detertS less'' from , tlieC6mroissip&: of Crimes, and these Crimes, cost us: a'; great ; many more lives: and a greater, waste and insecurity; of pep:v iTo laVibuh then, as. much imoney I upbn;these Penitentfaries as'wiU make j inem eneciive. is, in laci, ine rruesi ecoiiuiuy iu lae wiiuie qocieiy. : n 5- .'. AMERICAN PlftLXbOPHICAIiSv - , V 3 Jrhiladelphiat June 7y Ye UerAay at hbon , agreeably .to n 0 tice, an oratiboas delivered bv P; S fiuhiectwith'aViewla Drd-t S found& Ipter? ers'Jistened tn intense pleauwno! regreue)ijtne erm ly wrugh n4j:;tMri successive landing andi setileroent tf :; I-iLaTi). furnishedva fert!ileithcme nf remark, apt! wer Qscahteduponvith'; ; f;V et?ability7eiam rator evinced how much is wanted to g home to.Pennsyl vanians a know- M properHiightthe history of tH&"mosf ; i pro m i n e h t' ; men - Wn b laid the' ; foii n d a- ; 7 ; rotn,ipent yents of Pen nsylvama present, materi- lions qi our eariy setuemeni. t it; a, . ;.;. truth not a little mortirvmS toa wo- " : u'.: . pe.rttatidhat'i pridfe that:ywnie the' als'exceedejb yariet?? i hteris t a nd im)prian ce, i t is almstthnlystate whiclf ha to re- ;; ref :adt soft br 'if thelofatbrbf acompetent hand to col- i ' ectjand narrater tfiem. v- f: XySytrt ;J, hepiritand zeal bfthelmericatt Philosophic in such efforts 8 tIMjr upboceaurWill "" prove xreditable:b timately ieiffectihe bbjecjt wished fqr ' Wefunerstaiict thaf by.tpfu!c4ot:-ivy' the sbblety an oratibughl id bb de ? . i liyered annual lyvf; AfUrthiielighti speciriienwei: havel tiad,' yvie fegretlthat this':rule '.J shqaldihave Jheejn;. hither to VV more hphofed in: thb breach than the; bbseHauceW hereafter fab more jjHbtual y fulfilled -r f and indeed; we unde. stand that Vaii o-5 ( Jm rator. is selected .lbr4he next fanniver xy.Frank; Gaz; 'k v ! ,: ' I. h ,1 - i,. r yincetit-Bergaloj an Italian, a work- er inAlabaster; antJPJastfr of Parls ' Figures; residinnLittlek Waf errStl v ' was robbed Fidiherlst inst.by ' a man named DoMiKiaufii ANSTnriks- , alsban ltalianjby occupati4fi a Pedlar. ' h i ergalo; and v Anstros? caifi,V:((his1' : ( At luatu, Mum vyiianescun, mine scnooncrv ; ing of wbith; Berealo findinthat two . ' t boxes i cbntamibi Alabaster "larticles had not beehfanded, determined tOgtf ; 'r m;t hfereV a V edoesdayun a small yesseL ifad-r K on hia return Vyeatertla rforuing, Voni f gwpg tohialrubki ((lichf he had left ih charge of his- partner Atistross. and in which was a smaliigrelnba ton, - C taminc all bis mohevi; h. qsha .Mrri),Mth0 purpbsef Kol gettimr moneyita jhis; passage IbwWn thl :r boat; he discovered that tfoVtmir Ki,f riicii hnir n 4kk k.. -Ti '' . . . r . v", v. ' & , r " uFEariuw ana . liadId,sOme persona, tha hts go'-'.'-ing to 13a timore to brine backtlm ttvi; v!. Syxc ifnwned I above, and qthera V:. Wl&y g0!nNeirVork be ether returned taL Charies tori i or , gone to Savannah. f t'- t Bealb:tliUsSjpfcey uestttitoriorp SftftW SteStsSeeially tfioW' : ; , ar Savannahwill do Him the ivbrV" torpublish this notice; in irderif posi r sibiej to bring aid DomipqUe Atroigr. . H V re3t those v "rv f.Antrosi, to toqflne 7" V f1 ulv ;v p urown complexion ,) about x-ftet rathrJstout, haitV d and whiskeraf a reddisl colour, and fpl!!? rfeoney kto-v ; f; en consisted of three n)tea of glOO : ' eaneachaKrfiheUnit 1 eo atatesnkd Rill in AUkn . X it i I HI 3 4' b; v- i! : !( v, Dnponceauj Esq. on behalf oftheAme-1 1 ilyetteviiie; aoe 34 it -.1- ' -:,i"x i '

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