North Carolina Newspapers

; : ) . ; ,V- - ' V-. '''.' : ' rtvf J;,Unwrp'a by party ta8tHiclikeProthert." f ; 'y r: '.; 4 - T.-: ' t TOR THR.BALF1GH REGISTER. TSPECITL ATfONS I : r v ' r ' ' . v ' ilr.?GALis -Suffer tpe ron e. . .lr'eilium of TOurfapr, to offer for the consideration of your readersi a Tftit obf ervations retativp to a: pperation. tvhich has not been inyestisrated by the 'puMiV thoofh 'studied wurKby a few, whofp thirst for monPT-ir aVinjr, cannot easiljpbc at?atidk " Mv allusion f is to the speculation on'iViHtarjf. jlnnd Claims,- a fpecnlation .Vhich has been carrietJ on with' much' secrecv apd snc . ces for a copiderable time pat,ann sta'nds almost. y ithoiW a precedent in the;annal9 of our country Th,at my ideas may be more easily comprehend ed, let U3 take a retrospective view; and eiamine thel.ilanthropic motives which 'actuated our I ejrislature when they guaranteed those claims to the Epvolutionary veterans who foujrhf& t bled in the American cause ; and who, finally,, burst the bands of tyranny which allied U9 to the mothtr country-. The men who formed this body, were villing.to acknowledge the obligations , which they were .urder to those, grey beaded fathers,' for past services, and wished to extend to. tliem the hand of gtatuity,a9 Jhe last tribute of respect, tor " the many privations which they had undergone.' (Thev were convinced that many of those who toolc a part in the contest were committed to the nar row; confines of the, grave, and insenr sensible as to an v respecter advantage that could be snow n them : but not withstanding, they were willing ihat the. heir shouM inherit r.the reward granted fdr hfs father's, tbil. ; Under this consideration, it cannot 4 be 'sup posed that tjnoseclaims were ever in tended to affcrd a source orspecula tion,ljut that . they should be solely the , prerogatfve of the claimants, or those who w ere united to them by the ties of blood. This w as no doubt the original i iateijtion, and the perversion ot it is . undoubtedlv a -complete dereliction of the bcfjefit.it Was intended to produce jf we now. examine tne manner in which this busiressi has been conduct ed, and make an'estimate of. the ad vat tage which, haaaccrted to theper sonsjo w hoih these claims weregrant- td, we shall; no 'doubt, find that it is 1 .ccmr&rativelj small and that the 'speculator ha9 enriched himself by se curing the greatest' proportion of the , bounty. .ljut.I might be asked, shall not a claimant be permitted to sell his claim, and shall hot a person be at li berty Jo tflecta purthase ? To this I .answer in the. affirmative, provided the 'purchaser bie; willing to give an t efjoivalc nt and not get that wnich is valuable; tor what isv compatalively r thing.. 'W'e'areapprised'brthe si tuation of many of these claimants. There are some laboring under the in- if rrcity of age, grasping a crutch in one . hand and a cane in . the other 5 arid those who are "young,! many, of them are illiterate obscure in consequence of their extreme poverty. These' are the kind of; men w ho are naturally icciineato De creouious, ana; iiaoie to be taken in by those whose interest it is to deceive ?! them. " The claimant is hunted for bythe peculatorVwho c'cmeSjin the garb of dissimulation, and . depreciates, as: much as possible the salue of the claim, stating that, it is Jcarr ely within the limit of possibili ty that it will ever be . of any avail ; enumerates niany difficulties that are to be removed, and expenses to be in turred, if perchance 'theright should ever be confirmed. Tie does n'of come i ine generous language of friendship, v and state the j probable 1 value of the claim, and make an oflerof any thing like an, equivalent ofii; but gets it tor a mere trifle;, and. represents that in the light of agnation. ; This is the ; nianner in which t!ic claims that are gt.od are obtained from-the clhianU -and I have no tloubt: that there -haye bten. many collected,' and testimony procured by fraudulent meab's, which ught. never to hive been allowed.- 1 am clearly of npiuioh that if the man-; er.in uhich-this busifes has been conducied w ere; examined there w ould. e found to;cSt,&ucb Imposition.--; he course which": has bee? 1 pursued, ar as it relates to. the collectinibf ltitnonv fr 4ho -rvi.rn ,f.'r I ''&auons. I ibmit this opinioii'on the : ! Uaa basis of justice and equity and hold it to be true, and .beyond the pdw vr v of. contradiction ;? and'where the anci(tv tf the law isidisregarded, and the administration of an oatli1 is only considered formal, the government musT ne;m a precarious siTuaiion, ann such practices (()nust haye.a tendency to demoraljfe socjety 'Perjury and forgery have become familiar acts in this business; and if it" were tbe poor abandoned wretches alone tvhb barter- edheir oaths and committed the trans-it gression, Toeir ouence mignt- receive some degree of palliation, from their entire dependence, land being cast of irom society : nut 1 cannot nivine now acts like these can be reconciled by those , men who wish to be considered respectable,vho derive a benefit from thee ' violation's--Thev-.mu8t expect their names to be branded with infamy while on earth, and after death their memories to pass through the furnace of reproach. ; . , ....... The OldSoldirfa Friend. SUPPORT OF THE POOR. To the state of Pennsylvania may be awarded 'the distinguished; honour of having aRVrded. to her sister state the fiirst and best examples of the employ ment of benevolence and economy Sri relieving the poor, and correcting the vicious, classes of society. The excel lence of her .-institutions consists sim ply in the introduction of one. princi ple that is, industrious labor esactel of all, and suited to'the capacity and ability of all, who become a public charge, either from poverty or crime. Many of the advantages of this system, and the various modes in which it can be applied, are obvious on the slightest reflection: it has stood the test of- long, experience, and has been copied more or less, in nearly all the sates of the TTnion. It has, indcel, found its way across the -Atlantic, & England is now making the experiment, having e fected a.Penitentiarv on a laVo-i kmlp . t . v.. . n in or.near London. One of the bran- chesot thiipbilanthropic system,which has been in operation many, years in Pennsylvania, has "appeared to us to exemplify, 'in an eminent degree the wisdom arid humanity of its authors AVe allude to the establishriient of Pahms in the several counties of the j State, for the residence, employment,! (and maintenance of 1I1 leir Poof. These ' ' establishments,' while they relieve so.- i ciety ot a great portion 01 the btirthen 01 piovKiing ior its poor are real asy lums for the helpless and destitute, as experience shews, thsy completely put an endto mendicity and vagran cy,,her'etofwe the reproach and the pest of all civilized countries These farms are cultivated wholly by the .paupers anu vagrants wno rcsiue on jthem, and, where long enough esta blished for industry to develope its ef fects, they are amongst the most pro ductive and most beautiful in the high ly improved State of Pennsylvania. It Would be very - unnecessary to em ploy argunients to demonstrate the su perior econom jVpr htimabity of em ploying these tvret'ehed bfeings jn the wholesom e 'occu pations ". of agricu 1 tu re, and, where expedient and practicable, of . manufactures, over the old plan of c r o w d i d g ;t h e m i p 1 6 poo r- h ou se s , s u p porting them in idleness, arid," in fact, increasing rather than diminishjng'the sum of fcqualid and disgusting wretch edness. Kor is it our intention to say much on the subject. -y t ; ; The; reniarkSywe have madcj pro ceeded from.an article which we met with in a Philadelphia paper, relative to, the poor establishment in Chester cbuhty; ii.The facts which! it furnishes are hot the most striking we have seen not so inuch so, we believe, as. those afforded by the experiment made with the system In-ouiv-'Ofrn .city -butj as I they have presented themselves to our view, mey arej worm copying. - : ;The "articIe4allUdtdtVstat thai in Chester .cotinty, ,ib i the year; 1797, when theCpId system was in operation, 119 paupers cost &682S to keep themy - In 1020,' the number of pau pert pro-, videdHFbr vvas S26,:the xostTof ,; whose isupportj by the new plan, as g8ji0, or g25 .38 epnvT unqer tne oia pian, that number would.have cost g l6,69r. To'thifi ifcje; may addthe factf?tHat in Salenw'Mass. by erhploying'their paii- jpers in agriculture and manufactures, I icy support uuuui 111 iiic lasijm for bO or 39 f?r each pauperi These facts go to demonstrate only the economy of the newsvstern. A,Tts other advantages are, iti our opinion jf u?V piainT to r require tneunri ment nr.. i 1 1 ustratiom---AVirV In i.r; COTTON-SEED Sown IJroad Cds'vpd'',furpht':4.gQqdr $V08Wzite jor c lovertormprove old FROM THE SOtTTHWlir PATKIOT Inclosing for the;sake of rearinrVeee- tahles to enrich the earth, is the mode by w-hich the greatest quantity of atmosphe rical manure can -be infused into . it with the least labor." Taylor s Aratcr ' Cmrtestont June 5th9182t. Mr. JlbiTOR ; y v ' '.; k .Whatever dirterence of opinion exists among agr'culturabwriters, as ''respects Xhfood of plant 8 it is agreed by all far mers that covering the surface of the, earth from the injurious eflVctsSf the Sum mer months, with f one vegetable niaif$ri and restoring to the same - this , substance jjrcvmusrip us cuurvaiion is;one oi,uie most beneficial motles of renewing its fer tility. The author of Aratotyh'aso'fully illustrated this branch of practical -agri--' culture, that 1 am aware any observations I cobld offer woulif be-deemed superflu ous. In the Sp'rtthernSrAtes, however, T much doubt if any of the kinds of clover can be advantageously employed in-the mode so much extolled in the Northern Srates ; and, from : recent information, ft appears, that strong fears arc felt, this mav- fail even there, from some deficiency in the clover, from causes not fully under stood, which have induced their farmers to turn.their.at'entlon to thi subject. , A writer from Npirth-Carolinai in.the Ame rican Fanner, has recomnended our com mon Cow Pta,to be sowed broad cast". and in the 'fall, after frost, to be ploughed in deep. This plan, in part, has been of ten practised with success, uporvlands in 1; .tended tor wheat m our state "; imdifl am correctly informed, : was used vnh const derble advantage, to ensure a good crop of oats, by one of our members of Con gress, (VVm. Lowndes, Esq.) upon his farm neari Charleston, some 'years ago. I have some objection to the ue of 'the Pea, not lioweyer, from any idea ofJts hotariswer i,hg, but from the disposi(iin we planters have of taking from the earth every thing it yields us in the shape of grainahd the writ?rt alludct) to. fully bears me out in ( this 'conclusion, s He recommends "a cer tain portion of, the peas to be ; gathered,: and 1 tear if the land, produced. a good crop of Peas, they would aU be picked off, uuu Kcjiieoi ine siock upon, tne nianiaiion j wouhtconsume the best part of the vines. I must turiher conclude, that the vegeta- ! "'e emPlyedhould not be suflered to produce its frqit,iOemain till frost, as either of. these? states'-would' lessen its va lue when restored to the earth, unless the whole be-ploughed in," which J much doubt would often be the case if the Pea"croj was a good one'. From the result of a few' trials with Cotton Seed, ,1 am', induced to recomrriend this plant as a mode of resto ring feniiity to our laVuds hen "in fallow; to be used in the following manner. From thp fir i.t to the middle of July, break tip the f.e Id w ith a shovel plough, and then sow LlieASime broad cast with cotton seed, which has been prepared in the same way as if for pl-nting, at the rate of five bush els of seed per acre-ofter this, harrow in the seed, or if time permits, I much' pre fer ploughing in the seed with asmall plough. If the land be in: ended for; win ter grain, about the middle of September arn irj,. the cotton deep, with a shovel plough, and the first week in October trackoff the land with a ploudt at from 18 inches tofeet, for the gramV so, that the crop mayhaye the ; greabeentpf the hoe and ploughcuiring its growth 1 have Jbund October tfiTeKtjest month for plantingour winter grain except barley, unless this be intended for a pasture.) If the land beyihtehded for cotton or Corn, let one furrow be,run at the distance the beds are intended to. be with, a sharp and long tracking plough, and then have the field well listed to remaih in that state till; the planting season .This listing will be muc&'exfledise(l if several furrows are run with a. shovel. plough, between each of those intended as the foundation of the beds.'jThe m any advantages Avbich are connected with the cultivation of old lands, fulfv justify the farmer irt making 5 eery i exertion to restore and keep up their, fer ! tility. The situaQA of the fields die harvest ol the'Crojpthe'diipihishe Jqfuan-, tity. of labop iuUheir preparation, ;and jri 4b e culture bf Hheicrojv together with a. greater certainty p a crop oyer ne w lands,1 -. - 1 ".: ! "".i .iilL : 1 .wnicn require so muciiv iauor ,19 prepare j them, Are,weU;wortn . tne sserious ,-cqi'isi-, .iteration of the1 planterand hence we so oft eh;find cqir old fields continued ig cul -ti auqn till tdlly exhaust ed. T'he usu al opinioVi aniuiig planters has beenV, that iLis easier, to clear a ne field loan ma otSre ;an old onei If this .rere even correct, in many of par 'first settled: dbtiicts,' atl tbe best lands haveVbeen cleared, f anil the old fit Ids" m u st be abandoned; or their fertility resibred: f: fh-& ' t&i?- When consider the ttmeinecessary to prepare, i a proper manner, pur new lands for, caltiyation; if the enclosing sys- 11 siriri 1 y::J tern was resorted to, and in th6 tll bfefbre frost, some vegetable .substance wasre- stored to the earth, oun lands would con. tinue to yield well for a longer period. -and our corn fields would be much, fienefited by listingjn the stalks, erass. Sec. td rot Tclurioe: tho winter, instead of remaining till spjntr?vhlch is the usual practice Much benefit might be. expected to follow, .from 1 strewingpvebfie and decayed vegetable matter from our wood lands ; ' and instead-of clearing new landsj-let thesame time. be. iempfoyed in j convey fog theVtop soil from our tvoodsXo i bur old fields, as has. been alluded to by ; Dr. Black, of Delaware, in the American j Farmer." Upon oUrSea h6res the salt j marsh and m ud is .successfully used by f our planters. Jn urgi5g"tjie advantages of the use of clover to . aid the . enclosing I system, it is observed that the tap root ,.of the clover also advances the intentiph of the inclosing iysteni in several respects, I by piercing the earth to a considerable j 5!epth, iaperture ; or pores are created ; for imbibing and sinking deeper a greater auantitv 01 atmosnhencal manure 'saweli defended by the shade of the tofiy and the inability thus5 communicated to. the soil, affords a most Happy facility to the plough. for turning in its vast, bed of r vegetable matter." 1 he cotton plant, while young andtender; and sowed as T have recom mended, appears to have very clim.tp these great facilities" for improving the soil ; and I cannot conceive why a mass of young cotton from 8 to1 9 inches high, should not, when well burie4.id theearthi produce the same beneficial ej(fecu''t'ci'he soil as the cWver, which is so much ap proved of in England and our sister states. With : re fere ncc to the idea of conveying ttje trash and top soil from our wood lands, being, preferable to clearing new lands, I hope it wilPnot be deemed too theoretical since T presume the greatest tpbjection to the plan must be its difficulty, and I.mus think that the same time and labofdevo-r. ted to this business, that it requires td Clear. and prepare new lands, . would in- sure better, cnips and a preservation of much timber which is now a scarce arti' cle upon many of our old settled planta tions. -''' .. . . - ' . .. . ' t -. A LU 11 UJN. t'liAJN i iK. fc JSSS22 THE JEW. From the, Christian Herald, - Travelling lately j through the Western j part of Virginia, I was m'uch interested . irt hearing an old andyhighly . respects bl'ei clergyman give a artiaccdun of a Jew, i With " whom c he had lately become- ac 1 quaintetj.; Ke was preaching to a large and akehtiye audience, when his attenti on was arrested by seeing a man enter, having every mark of ft Jew ori' the line?' aments of his countenance' He was well dressed, his" countenance :nbbie'' though it was 'eyident bis ).eart'had'iatelyr'b'eei ttv? h abitatibn; pf sorrow; ; He took his : seat and was all attetitidn, ' whiie annconsci pus tear was often tseert to wet his manly cheek. After service Ihe clergyman fix ed his eyes steadily upon him; and. the strangeripVocaed the : staw Tfie fo:m jlilste&'QP .to' him ;; jr,;ana 'correct, acri 1 not addressing one 6f the1 children of Abraham r" You ,; are.' But how. is it that I meet .a Jew inTa Christian assembly ?,rThe. substaitce of his narrative was as' follows'.: y ! ftj - He was a, very respect able m an of a superior education, who had lately. cme1 from;. London ; and with his books, his richesi and a Tovelv daughter bf seventeen had found a charming retreat on the fer-;.j tile banks of the Ohlc.pHe hadr buried the Companion of his bosom before-he left Europe, andhc no w 1 knew noypleasare but the con tbany of his endeared child. I She was indeed worthy of a parent's love. one was surrounaea oy peauty as a man tle,; but her cultivated ind; and her a miable disposition. thVew around 'her a charm superior to any of the tinselled de- icoratibns ofthebpdy , No pains had been J sparea on nerQucationv ohe could read iand speakwltlv, fluency several different languages,:; aridihef manners. jch a jrmed every beholder. yNdwonder7 theo,; thaf a dbating fiither, whose 'head had noy beepmej sp n n kled wi tn grey i shpu 1 d pi ace his j whole affectihiv bn this bnlchildbf his ioyei especially as heknew no source of bappiness beyond this wrld. Being a strict Jew, he educated her in! the strict est "principle of his- religion, and h e tha't hehad presented i with an ornament .1 It wasjibt long a!go shtce his 'daughter was taketl siciTlifcrbser laded frora hef cheek,, herSeye lost us fire,! b'ertrerfgtb decayed, aikl ilwAi Soon y appaTe.it that the worm of disese was "Hotg in he core of her?vitais.i. The father hune- over the bed of bis'daughter withla heart rea- l rin t... ut'. ... : f. ' -''.!--": ' rt ' r. .-. ' i "jr.- w uw aw wuu stuguisn.-. ne lOiien- at tem pted to converse vitei,but seldom spoke; but btfielabUagebf ?earsV sHt sparbd ho trouble nor expense - m prociir ing m edical - assistance, but : no' humatrl skill could .: extract the ' arrovV; of death now fixed in hfr heart! The father was wallutfg in a jsmali kroneaf his housed etuog bis steps with hii tearsf when t& was.setit fog by his dyindaiigVter. Wita k; heavy heart he entered ihe; door of tiff chamber which be. feared wc4ildvsoon b tbjsentrmaco of dsath. VJIe was ngyf to j1 religion $aVe but! feeble hope? of Vneeting- - her hereafter-.i:f:-.. - rst I -ly,'v;-- ?v.v'. 'if The child grasped the hand of.her pa V' rent with adeafhojd hanify' .y fa; ther da you lovejme ri I child,, yoii a f now I love Vou---that youard more; dear - ,., fjto me than ,all the world ;besiile K .Butv;y Uv father, do you iove.mei 1 - WJiy, my-;: 4 . childwfll you giVe me painsc 'exquisite : have I never trivn void anV.Dr oofrjof 'mf' ' . r s ove?' 4cBut, my dearest fatjtieC you .:.!' lbve me' The father could 'dot-answer V. " ' the , child then added!!? I kn o ; my tlear V;v lather you have ever Joved me -yon hav6 y.' beenejkindest cf pajrents, aM.j tender- lv love vdu Wiil vou ierrant !me one re 'A ' ' I quest, y, fiiy ,iMUir, j 11 ..is y. ia uyf .j c-1- ; quest ot :-yx)ur aaugntei -rw,14 iy5u grant VLT X vy nearest cuuu, asiu therv I ieg:ywi tieve dgain tsfuak a &aini Jetus ot JXaTarethl' !L he: rather : bwasMumb'with asionishrtentf kno'i frrrnn$i rh ivnit' nrr T Ir iloW' hn lit , tie about this Jesus, forj I was nejver.taughU :y V; j But I know thai he is a SivUur, for he ; r -V nas manuescta nimseii io me snce i nave - .; been sick,Jeveh jfor the Kialvaltibn of mjr ' .-.'-. 1. 4 -X- Te ' -. : :t'v! - 7 soui. 1 oencve iiicwiu save mpi aiuiougiiv " have neVer hefoifei loyed hhn. .1 feel , 7 that I am going ip; hinp ''that. I shall eyef be with hira.VAijd now my fahcr, do'not deny me ;' .1 begtha't iou wKl iever again 8fieak against his Je$ua of-JVazareth !. I entreat you' to jcbtain a testament that . - teib pf. him :v and! I-pfay y;ou may know" V him-; and when I am: no more, you may '., bestowyon him ihgrlovb that wis formerly-r mine.' . '- I-.;. ' v; - '- 'f- 1 The exertion here overfedm thV wafr'v ? i ness ot her feeble; body.. Shdt stopped and the father's heart! was tod full evert for tearsi rHe lelfc thej room iti great horA ' ror;of mind, and ere he dould jgain? suffi cient, fortitude, Ibepirit of. iis accom-' plished daughter had jtakei iti flight;, a v I trus-tbl that Savidur Iwhomj-she loved and hodbred .Without 'ing:'or Mknowlngk X V' The first thing ;trje parent didlafter com mitt'mg to the eajrtihi last eKrthly joyW was tr procure New Testament. Hi i. . (abbvevts now nurtibered arobng the meek and humble fpllpwehs bf the, la; ibn I 1 'i !. 1 1 vamsw up anojcommitted, td Jail ih Tli XX leigh, withe 31st August, M Negro Man who calls himself JOHNivHe l of a blck oaiplexibn;:at)ott five feetthreejnhed high, about thfrty ;ea4rs old sys M belong td oamqci .aspcy, living, aiKicniJlia. Dlstx icti "-" wiumiui, aim ma i. iie ieir hip vice or Mrs. tidnai iwp miles trOm tTohirn1 Piaiast layirThe: owneris rtbuXsted to " mi "fu;!'c yprupcrry, Paycharge, uu iac uiiu away. - . ,i r- x Toot r?r r- s-y SHOCCORM Xt.R A n tejaiiok -46iy'-7;: rr-.h.rv.-r AriKMV B'OCTbliTHoifAcdT thanks to the Public; for Ithat' l.iirol I ' share of patrbnacrei which The ft hitherto re 4 . ceived j. vitnessing an increase cessiTjPSesston:' Irtstitutibi .mn!iefhnt;: of Ihs.uiilg'ear' manentljestaolished at the well every sue-? at thc6m2' be per-nOWn.hlgh- ly rwpectabie&'healthy placed aay lirove; about four miles from where it V is; The Schoot iadnra: flburlshincr Situation art thi time t andlrdm the general s'itiktlct has been given by hi Iy and Sontheygo-1 ; ' , 1 veness.aiinstrirttor.p Yxhm r;.$ ' unr?miucu ! auciuion, gooa government and success in' the advancement of j their pupils ' in the Literary nd pnUmental branches of education, he . flatters himselfi that .he will continue to merit the tentiotiaad ehiot the interest of his frierMa. V V v . "X ,There are some! adrihtages ttVnIant"ort this institution not common1 ih the c6untrr the opportunity of regularly attending public and divine seviceuhdeTtbeaupirintendanceV both of an itinerant and local ministry. : Me- uicai aiu ?u inc.iamiiy wunout cost, BverV imjw'rtaht brapchl of fernale : education 11 : taught, except muSit While times cohtihu. as they are; the' price f BpardJ and Tudiohj will Do one hundred , dollars n 'ahniim. oi; ' fifty dollars per'Sejssioh-tJayabl ih advance r V t. " x, u. jduys uui exceeding ten years of age admitted ,'4'"i :V v' . 1 ' X X June.28: . :MX ' ; f llttE ,Cdty:Cotan bfiierttiB Have iiotf'- JL ea: UommtssnnerJ .to cof tract for thd building bf ;.;twb ire 'Proo.Hduses on'th pubnc' Mia: thet town fVWiJid$or' ,Tb& buildingVare to'bip alike in all rlspfct each - ' td b.feJ.loijSeiwidel'Ad iff feet ! high, and to. be divided,' ; inio'iJhi;re-joomsc; - Twp of the roams tope 15 feet byt 12 v jeet.-andn tlie i othep'tb beCl5 fet square. 'f Each: oom is to hlaye a fire-plafejtwo wrw ... dbwsar; a ddor ipening on tfj street The ": rooms W, be neatl plasierd anrtl white-waKp . 9d t Jthe wills of the! bmldiuj Ere "to be of bnckj; and iht roof of iile ofsUtk the doSns and window-hu iters; are to bp fovered witft sheeifen P Axm we minute delcriptibn caS ur -uau oy personal application o me Unuerfl sienedi-who will iexlubii ith' ' diaicm. Th rWofk ito he completed befori Nov ember- 822. Prbposaia for the contract may be ad , dressed by letteri post paid, td the under signed unlit tbe Second, MohdaV of No rem Mer nHi xfaha (if not before) UhevejJic4 he made wdi the lowest biftderv jcbi tion - 1 WM. LI 1 4 . - V : . . I'M jC I - 1 . f. 1 , i V ' .-1. ?4 n J : is -4.