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r i-.vi i jr . i . " zr r ' m . b .4 - m . i mm 'rmm-., mmmM mm mm .m.B m . - . . . - :r : KOETH-CAKOLINA GAZETTE. " ' j . . , Our at the p!ui offalr, dcHghtfnl Peace, . ' ; . 'j .. ' ' ;""...!' V: ' : ' '' ",; t- " L ' i'.'. . j v j UnwarpM partv rage, to live like Brother." - :(,.'..-v ':,-, ' , X-."., - I."';'".- .-''A i'v.V'-"' ; ' : '- vol. xxiii.: f -' - ' " Friday, may 3, 1 822. IT . , , . . ; ;t; -NonxWiC' t'v V , 1 sions which arose in the first years of our eovernment, continued. to agiiate the country with greater or less vio lence for many years,. and do yet ex ist. Other differences, again, are oc casional, of fieetinsr interest, and of limited influence. , Of this latter de scription, it appears to us, are those which have lately disclosed themselves in Congress, and which it has been suggested, are to he the germ of new parties. :Let us . give a few minutes' reflection to this view of the subject. ! At the present moment, there is no : point in our foreign relations, respect ing which there is. much difference of : opinion. The only proposition con- nected with that branch of our affairs, I which has been-before Congress at the present session, has received the una nimous assent of Congress, and of the people. In our domestic concerns, a Jike tranquillity prevails. .The spirit of the Missouri question is laid, and though it had been nearly conjured up again at the present session, in orga nizing th government of Florida,. we are spared that vision. The question respecting the extent of the federal authority, when in. conflict with that or me siares, on wnicn parties mignt . I il . i ... . . .!! evtuc itrtui uavc uccii cApccicu to be arrayed, has not been moved in j Congress, as. .we supposed it would have been. No fundamental question, . in fact, has presented itself during I this session. . ' . The. time will never arrive, howe- ter,. in, which a Congress of the United States will meet and adjourn without; . 1 . .4 ) POLITICAL REMARKS. From the National IntelUencer, v. Under our system of government, in tfc administration of which everj member of society bears a part, there will never be wanting topics on which there will be a diversity of. opinions. These topics mny be in thelr.nature' general, or occasional. When gene ral, parties arise out of them, and, once organized, continue toi exist even bevond the questions in which they hacl their origin. Such were the divi having had under consideration some explanation, that the abundance and subject of interest enough to excite variety of requisitions made on tjie the feelings of the members,' and thrq.:-.rjepartn,en for! informa ion are at them, of their constituents.' The fa-V tributable, not, as is somet mes wrong- the Seminole Campaign, the Mis souri Question, &c. &c. have all had iheir ephemeral influence. AVho does not look back with surprize as well as regret at the feeling which was pro duced by the compensation bill r That j was a question which called forth a j burst of indignant disapprobation from the people, and drove from their seats . some of the best members of both Hou I ses of Congress. J But, more soberly considered and better understood, we ; are not quite sure that even that pro position would not receive Jhe appro- bation of a majority of the people. , i nen was ever greater excitement . cnn U a at: : a ' 3 u mail uii me , iuissuun quesnun r Yet the stprm fias passed away, and left scarcely a vestige to mark its track. These are occasional questions, such as may be expected continually ' to recur, and to produce great, though r o.ie,,graiuuouS,eXciie.meni. uui who : , cfti iicaru k IMC 1 vtiin IJt:llBalllin law. 1 .or the Seminole-war, or the Missouri , ; 1 j restriction, beir g a party question ? 7 j- Wien, as at present, no matters of stronger interest offer themselves for I the consideration of Congress, a fruit ful theme is always present in the . juiauces or me country, which are fought, by (the Constitution, annually .iu u.recriyjn review peiora on- V.r.i- r . J . vrv,a i v-mm. iriviii vinrv i riortr v -iiorinyv r subjects of consideration," namely the Revenue; the Public Debt"; the Array Expenditure ; the Navy Expen diture; the Civil Expenditure; the4 moneys due from public officers and others, defaulters ; the accountability, of public agents, &c. &c. These concerns are in themselves of great interest. They are also of con . siderable intricacy, and are nut to be Jutuitively comprehended.; Once coru preliendid, there is not much perplex j ity about them ; but thoroughly tv uri i derstand them requires time and stu dy, such as few. but Members of Con gress can devote to them. Two years' ! atmce is as necessary to an acquain tance with them in all their, ramifica tions, as it is to the acquirement of j any 0f tjlC arts Or mysteries to , which men serve apprenticeship. The frequency of our elections, par- ticularly of Representatives to Con- press, ha? this disadvantage attending it: that, by the time that individuals become thoroughly qualified to dis- cnarge tne functions oi legislators, tney are removed from the theatre of public life, and other I citizens supplj their place. Thus the advantages of expe l-Hence in publicl affairs are lost to the country, however much be gained to the particular division of society! to which the late member has returned by the information which he has it in hispower to diffuse. The political life of the conductors of this ptint has not been long ; but it has been long enough to see the com- A position of both! Houses so entirely chahgWl, that of Congress here remains but one member fn each house, who has been a member of , it, N without in termission, since the day they first at tended, the sittings of Congress, (in 1807.) Accidentally looking over a Jjist of the rourteenfh Congress, of as late date as the year 181, it appears that, of all the members of the House of Representatives it that day, twenty only are menibers or the present Con gress, of whom r seven have been out two or more years ; so that there are only thirteen who have continued members for each successive Congress since 1817. This fact is stated ito shew, that the experience! acquired'iin legislation may soon be losi ; and that what is perfectly intelligible and fa miliar to Congress, novj may become obscured, or wholly lost, in the lapse of a very few years, and have to be learnt over again. Applying these remarks to the pre sent condition of affairs, we shall find that much of the discussion .which has taken nlace in the nresent Conaress i j, which has protracted its session, and ... i . '" I : cirawn some murmurs from the peo pie, has grown out of erjdeavors, on the part of the new. members, compo jsing. in the House of Representative, a majority of the whole number, to be jcome acqua nted with, vfhat they couhl j not, well understand before they be come Members of Congress. It will be readilv nndprstnod. alsn. with this ly Pupposp!, to a want of confidence in the public officers much less to a hostility to theExecutive or to any of the citizens at the heads of the De partments, but to a laudable desire to acquire information which is indisperrt sable to enable the members correctly to discharge their public duties. . It is evident, then, that the discus sions and investigations which have occupied and still occupy the attention of Congress, are in the true spirit of our government, and that they do not shew that any thing is wrong, or that any thing is suspected to be wrong (we mean in a culpable sense) in its administration. Neither have theie inquiries, or any of the discussions on the floor of Congress, resulted in eis- : tablishing any thing to the disadvan tage of the administration of the go vernment. They may have disclosed something that is new to those not heretofore versed in public affairs, or ,kn k., whu 1101c inn uccii aiiciiuvc uusci ri3 ' of their progress but nothing is eli cited which has not at some former period been well known to Congress, and been legislated upon as far as then appeared to be expedient. With respect to the Revenue, the :mUch of the public attention, it has subject which seems now to absorb certainly fallen short of the. expenses . ot the government tor the last two years, and may do so hereafter. It may be necessary, in consequence, to j lay additional duties on particular de scriptions of imported goods, or tode- j'fer the payment of a part of the prin- :cipal or the puonc debt, which the I any objection to its being told in the j plainest terms. , But' the engagements of th government ate regularly met ; .1 . . . .J , no uuii arc ivnucKingai me gate ana the Ways and Means may be provided deliberately and without difficulty. It is toot in discovering them, but in making the selection between different schemes, ait practicable and easy of execution, t nat any Uimculty can oc cur, . , ' But this "deficiency in the revenue, which is spoken of in the public prints, and eUerhere as though it were a fiolders would be .glad were never paid. ; It is true, that the Treasilry, is poor. iThere is no mystery' in the fact, rior shocking affair besides being a great discovery how has it been created r. Is it caused by extravagance of ex penditure in the Army, in the Navy, in building ships of war, .in fortifica tions, or in the compensation, to Con gress and to other public officers ? By none of all these. Within the two years after the late Treaty of Peace, with Great-Britain, with the lights of experience to guide them, and the -fiain of recent wounds to stimulate, them, Congress fixed the Peace Establish ment of the Army and the Navy ; di rected the gradual increase of the Na vy, and the erection of Fortifications on a liberal plan, but so far within the , revenue of the country, as to allow the establishment of a sinking fund of ten millions of dollars annually for the redemption of the public debt. In consequence of the stagnation of com merce,-the revenue, which depends materially on its prosperity, has in- ir 1.: r .. a 1 ueea since uecnnea. nui oy ine eco nomy introduced by Congress and'the Public Officers into the expenditures of the War and Navy Establishments. a corresponding reduction has taken place in the public expenditure, j The revenue would have kept even pace ivith this expenditure, and we should all have been in good humor now, but for a posterior measure. And what was that ? The Revolutionary Pension Act ; that noble act of national muni j licence, not exceeded by any in the nisiorv or mis or any coumrvv ;n is the expenditure under that act which has made temporary loans necessary for the last two years, which - never would have been necessary, had; that act never appeared on the statute book. Could the great reduction of the reve nue from imposts have been foreseen, it is probpble it never would have pass ed. But, we put it to the reader of this we put it to every man of hu mane or generous feelings, whatever may be his abstract opinion of theipo licy of that law, whether he would now have it repealed, that we might discharge twe millions more per year of the public debt ? No debt ca'n be more sacred than that for; the payment of which .the faith of the f government is now pledged to the Revolutionary pensioners, who, by a natural process, will soon give release to the country. Instead of shaking their , heads at this 'deficiency of the revenue, and won ! dering how it happened, we cannot dohbt that the People will cheerfully lend their aid, in any manner deemed advisable, to supply a rfeScicncy which has been ftus created. There is one subject Incidentally connected with finances and the pub lic expenditure, on which there is an attempt to prodtice an excitement in the public mind, i in regard to which we will stop to say a few words. It is that of the amount of defalcations of public agents. On this subject, there appears to exist also some ho nest misapprehension, wnich closer examination would certainly "correct. When this country found itself en gaged sin the war- with Great-Britain, we were soon made sensible of the want of preparation, m;every respect, for such a contest ; and in no respect were we vvorse than in the organiza tion of the fiscal branch of the milita ry establishment. - Those things are very well understood now. The offi cers educated by the war are general ly at the head. of the disbursing offices of the military establishment; they know what is proper to be done, what; vouchers are necessary to be produc ed in settlements, and how regular, pe-i riodical sentiments are to be coerced. Everv thing is well done, and prompt ly accounted for. But very different was the state of things in 1812, '15 & '14. Every thing was then to j)e learnt at great cost. Public property ' was wasted from the necessary knowledge how to dispose of ortake care of it. Our generous warmrhearted young sol diers did not think as much of vouch ers when they were applying the pub lic money, as they would do were it to do over again. From these and va rious other causes, the unsettled ac counts, for money disbursed in . the War Department amounteil, aoon af ter the close of the late war, to forty -three millions of dollars. Means were provided; by Congress fori examining and settling this immense mass of ac counts. When tried in MryHagnet's crucible,: the heap 'soon began to be lessened. At the last session, it was reported to Congress that the amount V ' 9 ! t was reduced, by examination and set tlement, to tjfteen millions of dollars. At this session, it was reported as ha ving been since sweated down from fifteen to five millions of dollars. And, what is a remarkable fact, shewing the insubstantiality of this formidable List of Balances, it appears that the sum of money found due by individuals, and paid into the Treasury,-out of.the ten millions thus settled, wa9 only eighty thousand dojlars ! So the debt to the united Mates, thus settled, was a,s 80,000 dollars is to 10,000,000 -as 8 to 1,000, oras 1 to 125. There is no thing so inconvenient, to a theorist or a declairaer, but there 'is also nothing so demonstrative, as figures. The facts are even stronger than we- have stated them. There wasound due to indi viduals,! in the course of this settle ment, about eighty thousand dollars ; which being paid out, just balances the account so that on the whole, there wals, in the settlement of these ten. millions of dollars, found to be ab solutely nothing due to the U, States. We do not undertake to say that the analysis of the remainder of this list of balances will produce a like result. The purest substance in the hands of he skilful chemist, leaves some resi luum - & we presume that theamount f ultimate-loss to the United' States will be considerable. But can a go- vernmen we put it , more than 'an individual to the common sense of every reader- tie expected to conduct its business without loss ? Does not every man in an extensive business employ- many agents, calculate upon an average loss from the unlaithrulness or failure of his agents ? To men of business jit will be sufficient to say, that, with ail the irregularity of dis bursements during the late war, and (taking collectively all the losses the government has sustained by dehn quencies of public agents, from the a doption of the constitution to this day, the whole loss has not exceeded ope per cent.j on the whole amount of the expenditure. We wish'it were a great deal less than it is ; all we mean to say is, that it is a great deal less than it has been represented to be. We have not room here to examine all the points which seem to have se riously engaged the attention of Con gress, and which have, bf -course, been taken up and dommented upon by our brother editors. We do not, oiirselves, see that any new ground is broke ri in Congress sen ted at or that any question is pre this time differing from those which have annually arisen during the last seven years, and will continue to recur, with greater or less importuni ty, so long as our form of government exists. There is,we admit, a closer scrutiny than, there used to be of ap- proprianons , duc ii is owing, in a great degree, to so large a proportion of the present Congress being new members, as we have endeavored to explain at the commencement of this article and," to whatever cause it be owing, cannot but in the end be salu tary. ' j From what precedes, it will be seen, that we are not among those who ap prehend an approaching storm .from the present indications in . Congress. W know there are those whqr predict It : and if. in political societies, turbu lence must necessarily succeed to tran quility, wemigbt be disposed to concur in the augury. . We fondly hope, how ever, that the government and people of theiLTnited States are in this respect to proye ;an exception . to the general rule ; and, that, with us thougb a calm may . precede a storm, it does not fol low: that a, torm "tusf follow a calm. a VVe tan no t th i nk that new parties are to arise out of any questions now qepenping ja vorigress. j J-ne qucn 6ns themselves do not appear to us to be questions Of principle, but of expe diency, respectingr which men or the same political principles may well dif fer ;ui opinion. Ws qfjl United States An act to establish the' DUtrict of Blake- Be ii enacted by the Senate and Hotise of Refire&efitatives of the United ' States of America in Congress assembled, That frc-rn, and after the thirtieth day of June nex.t, the Alabama, Middle, and-Tensaw nvers, in tae state ot Aiaoama. ana ai the shores and waters on the east side of toe Bay of Mobile, and .all M the rivers of the said state emptying into the Gulf of Mexico, to the east of said Bay, shall forrn a Collection District, to be called the Dis trict of Blakeley, , of which the port of Blakeley shall be thesole , port of entry J and a collector for the- district shall, be appointed, to reside t such place Vs' the President of the United States Shall di-; rect, near said port, who shall be entitled to receive, in addition tri the fees and other emoluments established by la w, the annu al salary of two hundred and fifty dollars. Approved April 17, 1822. . . ; An act to fix the lfrnits of the Port of En try and Delivery for thel Dristrict of Philadelphia. j ' ; " ' Be it enacted by the Senate and House, of Refiresentathes of the United States of-America in Congress assembled That Philadelphia shall, from and after the passage of this act, be the sole port of entry-and delivery for the' district of Phila delphia, which said port 'of entry and. de-" livery shall be bounded by the Navy Yard ; on ine south, ana VonocKsin rceK on the north, any thing in any former la w to the contrary (notwithstanding. '! , Approved April 17, 1822. An act to amend the act, -entitled An act to establish the District bf Bristol, . and to annex the towns Of Kittery and.. Berwick to the District of Portsmouth' passed "February 25th, eighteen hun- dred and one. j Be it enacted by tht Senate and House of Representatives oJthe United JStated of America, iri Congress assembled That from and after the thirtieth day.o Sep tember next, the District of Bristol, as described in the act, entitled -4 An act to establish the District of Brlstolvaod to a nex the towns of Kittery and Berwick-to the district of Portsmouth, passed Fe bruary 25th, eighteen hundred and one, shall be called and knoWn by the. name of the Districl of Bristol and Warren, and that Bristol and Warren shall thereafter be considered as oue port of entry7, and shall possess all the rights and privileges which now belong to the port of Bristol. Approved April 17, 1822. An act supplementary to ah actj entitled . " An act to alter the terms of the District-Court in Alabama." ! ; Resolved by the Senate and Housi of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, 1 hat the third section of the act, entitled An act to alter the terms bf the District Court in Alabama," be, and the same is hereby repealed ; and ' so much of the second section of the act, entitled "An, act to es tablish a District Court in the State of A labama," as was repealed! by, the; said third section, is hereby revived, re-enacted and declared to be of full force and ef fect, f ' ; " 'f V . ' I Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all causes, actions! suits, indictments, li- bels, pleas, processes, and proceedings, of ' , whatever kind, nature or description su ed out, commenced, or made returnable at Cahawba, shall be there proceeded in and determined : and, in like manner, all such sued out; commenced, or made re turnable at Mobile, shall be there pro ceeded in and determined. : - '- l'j Approved April 17, Ii322. r' ' " 't ; . ' r.' ' DUMMER & HEMP8TED, ' HAVE received per Ships Robert Fulton and Orien, from Liverpool, their Spring Assortment of ! ' CHINA, GLASS & EARTHEN-' .'Comprising every 'article iri the line. ' -, They are also . daily , expecting per tho S5cipio,an addition the above. , '-: ;i Also per the Beaver, from Canton, a.com- . plete assortment of INDIA CIUNAv AH pfvhich. will be . sold at very, reduced prices, and to; good inen o lib ;i;al time. . Petersburg, March 29. i 75 8w . q HILLSBOROUGH MASONIC LOTTERY ; ; -.: ,:,r-V..?i- . ,v-.--J; -:: ,-..' TIHE Managers of the Hillsborough Maso- f ? nic - Lottery . conceive themselves to be in 'duty bound sto state to those ' who have purchased tickets of them, the reasons why the drawing, did not jeommeuee on .Saturday the 2d inst. as had been previously announc ed. They are( as follows ; ! The returns from igents at a distance were not complete as to the number of so Id tickets. From the best estimate, which, the reirna made would admit of, it was thought,' that although a drawing ion that. "day would be safe according to all probable . calculations . yet a loss might be sustained ; and they felt tinwiUing'topMieedtodraw,solongasthere . could be the least possible risk. : . -; .4 By delaying the drawing until a fi'w lim-. dred more of the tickets could be sold, there, would then be" no risk whatever ; and the managers would be ajale not only to pay. to the c fortunate, adventurers the prizes they draw butin addition thereto fully to, succeed ia raising a sum of money, adequate to the build ing a commodious house for. the use of the I-odge.. f .r-.- y . ' - The managers hare determined, to ax. I on TUESDAY the FOURTH DAY OF JUNE ! next V- but should the drawing, however, not then take place, tne managers pieuge tnem- selves to ...return-the, money ; on aemana to every persoii whio may be dbsatisfied. ' r i 7 I THE MANAGERS; March 5. ---'.v.''' I- '-..'-- : !'(!. ;v73':. ' C7 TICKETS in the above Lot tery; may be liad at the Book-store of J. Gales, Haleign, i . i J 1 . j 1:
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
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May 3, 1822, edition 1
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