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:? f , i : uir. 4 . t t I , f. ;, f' H-CAKOLINA EETTE. , 4 : ! 1 il ' Oor we the p!am pf f!r, dell j;ftf al Peace, . M Unwarp'd ky partT rag e, to live like Brother." - 1 ' :J . 1 VOL. XXIII. FRIDAY, AUGUST 2, I $22; : : H. MY i - j u - - - TOR THE OF THE TIDES. The me fiurey ?ive us se?ne in northern latitudes this d.rTerence is greased. Frpm this may apprehend ,he tides of the nccah are produced by that power hich gives the diurnal and U motion to the earth, that is by the poer of contraction and repulsion. The Suminated disk, ECM, will have a ten dency to keep up an accumulation of wa ter upon the meridians of those .horizons, and that in proportion as the illuminated disk is enlarged or diminished ; where as the refrigerated disk ETM.in pro portion to its magnitude or density, win either solicit or resist the influence cf water upon those horizons; for just in that part of the frigid disk which is mada most dense, the water will tend, both from the contractions of the frigidity and expansion of the solar ray but the earth passes through those points of elevation twice in 24 hours, which is made on or near the horizons But though we can ste clearly how the water rises on the horizons, the northern direction of the tides, and their elevation to the north, re mains to be yet explained ; and this ari ses from polar attraction,' both of the air and the ocean. This polar attraction, as the attraction s of gravitation, is as the iqnare of the distance, and will be aug mented in the same ratio to the polar cir cles. That this is the true solution we have many grounds of demonstration, for were these motions produced by right-lin- pd HTtfOrtr trio ftIn tunnl K cr t cf Qt the equator, where no tide is found but socb as is made tjy the trade winds.. We would not have allowed the tides could be enlarged when sun and moon were opposite to each other, but in this posi tion, as at the change, the horizons cf sun and raocn fall on the same meridians a tound the earth. It is objected that there is little frangibility of the moon's light in the atmosphere, and that therefore s' e can have little effect on the ocean, where as the moon has, without any doubt, the greatest effect in producing the tides. Ltt us new recollect, that the mcon is managed more by the repulsive rays of the earth's medium, than any frangibility or jpulvicn made oa these rays of the earth by the atmosphere of the mon. This re- tukir.n .i sl f r "in iimcuic can 11 as i:ie jvcus aj faction; anthns the vicinity of the poctii through the earth's medium, will, m this way, increase her power upon the "ater. 1 here is one circumstance in re lation to the tides which, by observation, ifcay throw light on this subject, as repul ion also begins in the polar circles, which produces clouds and evaporation Thus tt is repulsion will tend to make the tides ".usually high about the polar circles and diminished to the pole. I shall detain you no longer on the 1 but in the next Chapter endeavor to apply the doctrine of motion advanced io animal life and in this application we are most interested. IV C. OF ANIMAL LIFE. I proceed to make some remarks on animal motion, though I must confess I approach this frame with the modus a Seridi, heretofore advanced, with rcver-f-ce to the Divine Architect, for I feel myself surrounded with a new world of ponders, upeio to those of unorganized natter. Caloric is ..evolved from animal nutriment, and this repulsive matter, as :e ray of light, must be capable of be- ,iJ fhaTd modified by the animal. Jas ; this aniroul spirit modified by the JJJdM. nerves and the coats of the cln tammg vessels, i, shed on the contained -rl lh.eir assraiilation to the animal ek lung8 the heart and the bow- o j c "1? from the spine and mus- on that the animal povVeris placed REGISTERS in the nervous system ; when we come to the same conclusion from the application of a general doctrine, the fortification of this truth cannot be of disadvantage.while perhaps by the doctrine advanced we may have some more distinct ideas re specting the agents of assimilation. As old age makes his. depredations by .relaxing the solids, destroying the elasti city of the skin, by distending the veins, and by their relaxation .filling them with blood not under the control of the nerves may not this relaxation and consequent want of animal stimulus be counteracted for some time, by giving tone and elasti- city 'to the skin, for this coat of nerves isi connected with those of the whole nerv ous system. , Bleeding, while it empties the 'Vessel, will permit the applications to take effect. The cold bath, muscular exercise, and cheerfulness of mind, being furnished with the proper supports for mind, might all co-operate in prolonging the human life. The great effect of blistering per haps may be accounted forty its effects on the nervous covering of the body Not being in the practice, of physic, I cannot enlarge much on this very impor tant subject, and I cheerfully submit these hints to those who pan apply them to the healing art. A small error in theory, may be attended in practice with much disad vantage. I have been naturally led to these remarks, by the doctrine advanced heretofore, and the consequences must be the best demonstration. i In my next, I shall make some conclud ing remarks. T. C. N. B. Caloric is not only an attendant on all matter as a sonorous medium, but . by cohesion becomes a constituent part ; though this caloric contains both the po sitive and negative electricity this cohe sive matter or caloric is set at liberty by the decomposition of food in the stomach and vessel? But as the rays of light, which can represent bodies to this cohe sive matter is modified by the aninull so lids, and is the agent of assimilating ani- ' mal food for the animal use ; thus resto rative powers applied to animals must have their agency, by affecting the solids. CONCLUDING REMARKS. Is it true that the diurnal motion, the annual motion, and the polar, motion, have been explained r Does the same ex planation discern the phenomenon of gravitation, the tides, polar attraction, and prlar motion ? (And can we doubt re specting the agents which give motion to the solar system f W hat shall we say then do indeed the rays of light, the red, the orange, the yellow, the blue, the green and the violet, give motion to the creation ? By the harmonious relation of those rays they are thus made more capable of fran gibility. When ordered forth by Omni potence when He said let there be light, may we not suppose these heavenly mes sengers went forth with joyful songs to execute their great commission, of giving light, life & motion, to a chaotic earth. In the material world, this was a joyful day, will it not be more joyful when the mes sengers of moral truth shall agaiit return to open up the foundations of Zibh that immortality may be made known, that the human mind may have support, and that death may be swallowed up of life ? This event is not in the power of man, but it altogether from above it is heavenly and divine', and connected with the eternal world His ways are above our ways, as high as the heavens are above the earth, " Engraved as in eternal brass, The mighty promise shines ; Nor cun the power of darkness raze The everlasting- lines." T. C. TOB THE BEG1STSB; SPONTANEOUS VITALITY. In a conversation not long since, with two intelligent gentlemen, on the great chain of creation, particularly the animal, one of them observed that it was his opinion, that if it were possible to break or destroy alink of this great chain, (from the most minute insect to man) it would .amount to an annihilation of the whole animal creation. I observed, that tiiere were links of this chain occasionally ex tinct or abent to which tile other. replied, in a state of embryo. I observed no, not even in 1 state of embryo, but in their primitive elements, and that they, were dependent for their existence oh the heat of the sun j pro ducing, first, animalcule, and then, perfect animals, i ' ' I observed it as my opinion, that there was more dignity in our idea of Deity, as author of all thingswhen we conceive him to be the cause of causes, than the cause simply of events that we witness, if there is any differ ence in infinity of power! The idea of spontaneous vital production, has been grossly misconceived of by those who are notam iliar with the silent and ever active elementary principles of nature. Infi del principles are frequently attached to those who spe&k of spontaneous vitality, as if it contradicted the sacred truths in that best of books, which says God created animals and vegetables. They ought to recollect that God created all things which exist, those evi dent to our senses and those not soand that these have been from the first creation in a continual state of improvement ; which we see to be the fact, from the srhbe itself, as j well as frofn the animals and vegetables on us sunacc. To prove the fact that spontaneous vitality j does take place, I shall bnng forward one or two facts irom a celebratedt Naturalist wfiose authority has, I believe, never been disputed : "The experiments of Buffon, Reaurn ir, and others, shew that microscopic animals I are produced in three or four days, according i j to the WArmth of the season, in the infusion j ; ot all vegetable or animal matter. , One of these gentlemen put some boiling veal broth into a phial, : previously heated in the fire, i sealing it up hermetically, or with melted I wax, observed it to be replete with animal j cules, in three or-four days. A paste com I posed of flour and water, which has been supposed to become acescent, produces the amniaicuies, caueu eeisf wiucn are seen , in great abundance. They are viviparous, and1 produce at intervals, a numerous progeny. To suppose the eggs of the former microsco pic animals to float in the atmosphere and pass through the sealed phial, is so contrary to apparent nature, as to be totally incredi ble and as the latter are viviparous, it is equally absurd to suppose their parents float in the atmosphere to lav their young in paste ! . ! ; z. Smithfield, July 28. : , 4 Laws of the United States. An Act making appropriations for the i support of the navy of the United States, for the year one thousand eight hundred and twenty-two, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House I of Rehresentatives of the United States Of simcncuy in v urigresg usxctuuicii x ia. for defraying the expenses of the navy fqr the year one thousand eight hundred and twenty two, the following sums be, flndj the same are hereby respectively p-j propiiated. . . ; For the pay and subsistence of the offi cers, and pay of the seamen, in addition to the sum of one hundred thousand dollars,' already appropriated, the sum of eight hundred and sixty-one thousand four hun dred and sixty-six dollars. For provisions, in addition to the sum of twenty thousand dollars, already appro-i priatcd, and to an Unexpended balance of thirty thousand dollars, the sum of two hundred and sixty-seven thousand two! hundred and fifty-eight dollars. For medicines, hospital stores, and all expenses on account ofJ the sick, thirty-; For the repairs of vessels in addition toj the sum of twenty. thousand dollars alrea dy appropriated, the sum of three hun dred and eighty-eight. thousand dollars. For improvement of navy yards, docks and wharves, fourteen thousand four hun dred and fifty dollars. For pay of superintendents, naval con structors, storekeepers, inspectors of tim ber, clerks of the yards, and artificers, thirty-six thousand four hundred and fif ty dollars. . i For labourers and teams employed in loading and unloading vessels, piling, dock-; ing, and removing timber, stores, &c and fuel for the engine, twenty thousand dol lars. Forordnance and ordnance stores twen-j ty-five thousand dollars. -j ' ' For contingent expenses, in addition toj the sura of twenty thousand dollars alrea-J dy appropriated, two hundred and ten thousand dollars. j For the pay and subsistence of the ma-? rine corps, in addition to an unexpended balance, of twenty-two thousand dollars,' one hundred and forty-seven thousand three hundred and ninety-three dollars. , j j For clothing the same, in addition toai) unexpended balance of six thousand tape hundred and thirty-eight dollars and thir-j-ty-four cents, the sum of twenty -two thou sand seven, hundred and thirty -six dollars!. j For fuel for nine hundred and thirty eight non-com missioned officers, nausU cjians, and privates, six thousand eight hundred and fifty dollars. :l v ,. , i For military stoi es for the same; the; unexpended balance of theyear bne thduj sand eight hundred and twenty -one, beijig i eleven thousand one hundred and eighty dollars and fifteen1 cents; ; " " For contingent expenses tor the same, that is to say, fuel for commissioned offi cers, bed sacks; repairing barracks, trans portation, atjid travelling expenses to offi cers .postage of letters, armorers anu ar morer's tools, and stationery, with extra rations to johcers commanding posts; fourteen thousand dollars. i : : To make good : a' deficit in the contin gent expenses of the marine corpSj which accrued prior to the year eighteen hun dred and; twenty-one, the sum of nine thousand one hundred and cine dollars, and twenty-two cents; Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the several j appropriations hereinbefore made, shall pe paid out of any money in the Treasury; not otherwjse appropria ted : 'Provided; however, That no monejr appropriated by this act shall be paid to any person for his compensation or per quisites, fhb is in arrears to the United States, until such person shall have ac counted for and paid into the Treasury all sums for which he ma be liable: Provided, further, That nothing in this section Contained shall extend to balances arising solely from the deprecia depre- ciation of 1 reasury notes received by to be expended in the public Mich person service. But in all cases where the pay or salajry of any person is withheld in pursuance of this act, it shalL be the duty of the 4ccounting officer, if demand ed by 'the pajny. his agent or attorney, to report forthwith to the agent of the Trea sury Department the balance due, and it shall be the duty of said agent within six ty days thereafter, to order suit to be commenced Ja gainst such defaulter. ;,' Approvedi May 4, 1822. ; ! ; An Act supplementary to the several acts for adjusting. the claims to land, and establishing Land Offices, in the dis tricts eastj of ,the Island of New Orleans. Beit enacted. by the Senate and House of Beireseittatives of the tynited States cf America, in Congress assembled. That all the claims to land said to be derived from the British or Spanish authorities, reported to the Commissioner ot the ije nefal Land Office by the registers and receivers of the land offices at St. Helena Court House, and at Jackson Court -House, in the districts east and west of , Pearl ri ver, appointed under the authority of an act, entitled ' An act for adjusting the claims to land, and establishing land offi ces, in the districts east of the Island of New-Orleans," which are contained in the several pe ports of the registers arid receivers, and which are; in the opinion of the registers and receivers, . valid, agree ably to the jlawsV usages, and customs of the said governments, be, and the same are hereby recognized as valid and com plete titles, jagainst any claim on the part of the United States, or right derived from the United States, ' ., ,. i Sec .2. And be it further enactectTh at all the claims reported as aforesaid, and contained in the several reports of the said registers and receivers, founded) on orders of survey, requettes, permission to settle, or other written evidences of claims derived from . the Spanish authorities which ought, in the opinion of the regis ters and receivers, to be confirmed, shall, be confirmed, in the same, manner as if the title 'had' been completed : Provided That the ionfirmatiqn of alplhe said claims, provided for by this act, shall a mount only to a relinquishment forever, on the part of the United States, of any claim whatever to the tract of land so confirmed vr granted M ;.-vfevf.. Set. 3. And be it further enacted. That every person, or his or her legal represen tative, whose claim is comprised in the Usts or registers ot claims, reported Dy the registers and receivers, and the persons; embraced in the lists of actual settlers, or their legal representatives not having any written evidence of claim reported as a foresaid, sHaltf' when it . appears by the said reports, or by the said lists,! that the land claimed or settle4on had been actu- ally inhabited or cultivated by such per son or persons in whose right he claims, on or before the fifteenth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and, thirteen, be entitled to a grant for the land so claimed or settled on as a donation i Provided, That not more than one tract shallbe thus granted to ariy one person and the same shall not contain more than six hundred and forty acres ; and that no lands shall be thus crranted which are claimed or re cognized by the preceding sections of this act, or by virtue of a confirmation under an act entitled. " An act tor adjusting the claims to land, and establishing land offi - ces, in thedis:ricts east of the Island of New-Oi leans." approved on tne tnira day of March, eighteen hundred and nine teen : And provided, also. That no claim shall be confirmed where the quantity was not ascertained, and report made thereon by the registers and receivers, prior to the twenty-fifth day of July, ne thousand eight hundred and twenty. . i Sec. 4. And be itjurtlierxnaciea j. imi the registers and receivers ot the puDiic moneys of the said respective districts, except in relation to perfect titles, as re cognized in the first j section of ( this act, and the i&rst section of the act of the third day of March, one thousand eighc hun dred and Inineteen, shall have power to direct the manner in ; which, all lands claimed in virtue of the preceding sVctiohs shal 1 be located and surveyed ; and, also; . to direct the location and manner of sar- ; veying all the claimsstorland recognized by the second, third, and fourth sections of ah act, entitled An act for adjusting the claims to land, and .establishing land offices, in the districts eastf the island oS Ne w Orleans," approved on the ihird day of March, vone thousand seight huridred and nineteeh, having regard tb the laws; usages, and customs, of the Spanish go vern in en t on that . subject' ; and having regard, also, to tfie mode adopted by the government of the United States in sur veying the claims to lahd; confirmed by. Virtue of the ser.hd anrl thrA an act of Congress, entitled An ict re gulating the -grants of lands; and pjrovld-' ing for t tie disposal of the lands of the U- hitedSthtes south of the state elf Tennes see' approved on the third , March, one thousand eight hundred and three; And that;; in relation to all such claims which, may conflict or in any manner interfere, the, said, registers, and receivers of pubr . lie moneys of the respective districts shall have" power to decide j between the par ties, and shall, in their decision jbe go verned by such conditional lines or boun- ' darifes as may have been agreed on be tween the parties, either verbally or in writing, at any time prior to the passage of this act But,J upon the decision of those claims alluded to, which may con flict or interfere, and in relation to which the parties interested have agreed on no Conditional lines or .bpUndaVies as to the manner of locating the same, the 'said re gisters and receivers, of the respective dis tricts shall make an equal division! of the; land claimed, so as to allow eachj partv his or theif improvements : JPtQvidei however. Thai,1 should l it be, made ap pear, to the satisfaction of the register and receiver of public moneys of the res pective districts, in any such casei that uic 3UUSC4UC111, scuicr iwu ouiruiivu uit the Claim of the former, and had mado his establishment after havingfbeen forbid so to do, the said registers and receivers of public moneys ihall have ppwer to de eide between the parties, according to the circumstances of the case and the princi ples of justice. , . j Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That patents shall be granted for all lands con firmed by virtue of the provisions of this act, injthe same manner as, patents aro granted for lands coufirmfed under former acts, to which this is a supplement;1 ' . , Sec. 6. And be it further enaciedfi'iftit to every person who shall appear, to be entitled to a tract of land, under the se cond and third sections of this act, a cer tificate shall be jgranted by the register and receiver of the district in which the land lies, setting forth the -nature of thei claim, and the quantity allowed ; for which certificate the party jh whose favor it issues shall pay one dollar, to be di vided between the said feteiver and re gister. ."' :. ': ; : " - ' - ; ; bee. 7. And be it further enacted. That the President of the' United States be, and he is hereby, authorized 0 remove the; land office trom St. Helena CoUrt-House tovWuch other place within the said dis tricts as he may deem suitable and con4 venient. '' '. ',''-. : ?. ; . Approved May 8, 1822; ) .' ( An Act requiring survey orseneral to ' give bond and security for the faithful disbursement of public money, and to limit their term of office, r Be it enacted by the Senate and tlousS of Representatives of the United Stated of America, in Congress assembled. That from and after the passiug-of this act. every Surveyor-General " commissioned by the authority ot the United plates, shall, befdre enterine 6h the duties of his officei and every Survey or-Geneirai now in commission, on or before Ihe thirtieth day of September next, execute and deli ver to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States; a bond, with ood and sufficient security, for thef penal .sum of thirty thousand "dollars, 1 conditioned for the faithful disbursement according tri law of all public money placed in hi hands for disbursement, and for the fanli ful performance of the duties of liis office. ,Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That the commission of every Surveyor Gene ral, how in office, shall, unless sooner va cated, by death; resignation or removal from office, cease' and expire on the first day of February neitt ; and the commis- sion of every Surveyor General, nereaftec commissioned by the authority of the U nited States, shall cease and expire, un less sooner vacated, by death, resignation or&removal from office; in four years from, the date of the commission. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United, S ates shall, and he hereby authorised, wheneyer.he may deem it expedient, require any Sur- ; veyor General of the United tutes to give new bond and additional security,, under the direction of the Secretary of the Trea-. sury, for the faithful disbursement, ac cording to law, of all money placed in his hands for disbursement Approved Ma 7t 1822. . -r CP Tickets in: the HillsbprDUgh Masonic Lottery (pce 3) for sale at . Galea's Bookstore." : m jf. .4 , M t : t i ' ' 1 j . 1 if - i r I; f! 1 ' , .?i"v,i 1 1 nv i is . i'-t -' ' i : i : 1 1 1. 1 1 1