IT ' ' i! "
I 4 I ' :
If . !
' 1 - ' :
i- Jl.. '
. V ' L .' !
flr&Zvfr: . '
id --:i;''4 " . . -. '
' -" ' . - ' ; j-.
' ' ' I 'I
T '- ; . L -1
. , T ' -, i. ' i
:1-
k:-'i'V;" 'RE, T PARTY U C.y.Jl-4JlJ.--Lin BROHCXV
-4
... , '; i ;
B21 7, 1832.
NO. 43
WNA
'. r . . . I '' , T '
if
1
PJBLTSLKD EVERY FRIDAY
$$&iiipii. (Zaitp & son,
1 1 RaItighi Narth-CaroKna. ,
shrkk DbtfcAKi ner aitiniiti; one.balf in advance
I J Those IwW.-iflo! not, eUijefit" the time of sxlH-
s i snrLDiitfri or suBsenuenTiv. live nonce oi uicir
1 1 wish .tjiav.e te lapifcf ?discbhtmiel at the ex
kit ' . " ' J ! 1 4. . ,1 l.tl
it B piraupa,oi, iiu;ir.Ki;ar. wni ur urcsunicu
lit HiNnir ir rn niiiiiianr,i'ii in ii f-nu n I ri 121
AD VBR TtSEME N TS ?
Cot efcceedinef.riAfn iff KHrhe inserted
J-.P ii!. sntmcniieWt ouDhektion : those oVi
greater length, , In tlie ; (Sanv.pT0portion
the nIHabr. of insertion's be. not parked
k.m th(v urill'-ha frrtft tinned until ordered
f ."Yjj j-,
nirif il AY TOf5V3 AD D RKSS -
fr,ninf'f ihUWiiVaic debr,wai aotic?hat-
?t ;wk natuirairv exBectetTand desire
tilt thi late Con ress1forecit8a4iourD-,
bnltt. would Tevi.se and so mofl Ta-
J rilaat fri838i as, to redtfee OTtwbly,
Ithd aa4unt.ofJthc revenue. wJiiftBt pro
j i?ed for, and also the rate, of the duties
JfwhMv Were levied untleriit, upn the itn-
I toorfatioYi of protected artides. As.earl y
jas.Jaaaary;, to-i, wo resoiKuons. 01 iue
jjlouse bf Representatives direct the
kretarv?; of . the Treasury to Hect in
formation as to tertain manufactures in
the Utiited States, and to communicate
the, saijie to the House with such sages
ftions as he might think useful, with a view
Xo the adjustment of the tan tt, and with
!ucli aWiff of duties dn imports, as might
fin hist Opinion b best adapted to the ad
jvancenient of the public interest." In the
report made by the Secretary of the Trea
sury in'cornpliance witli these resolutions,
She 'remarked, 44 that the impost system of
IhfcUnitedStaJtes has been for many years,
incidentally, but so intimatety connected
th growth & protection of American
capital and labor, as to have raised up great
peritj of the country, and which cannot be
loststjriit of, iniany new adjustment of the
ivstem.i- In the circumstances which rc-
Iryiire, at ptesept, a general reduction of
I klie revtimie, it is not deemed practicable
lito pursue, for; any length of time, the
! decree 'of protection hitherto afforded to
! these interests which have grown updur
; ling the! part legislation. The state of pub
1 jlicffeling thnnighout an important porti-
l on of the country, which with greater or
iless intensity, i calls for a revision of the
-existing Tariff,;- is not to be disguised.
I tBoth patriotism and wisdom dictate that
j fthis santioient should be respected, and
j fas far as may tje compatible with thecom-
finon v.leaU that it be satisfied, not from
i I any niiworthy motive, but under that obli
! Mo-atien!f dutV which requires that al
! j be regarded vl an equal eye : that all
; I I tc ljfte it with an caaal hand ; ami
H tinder tthat no less solemn obligation, to
I f Preserve by any reasonable concessions,
1 j our inestimable Union.-" In the spirit o
'i s i these Sentiments, which redound so mud
-1 to the .credit of the head and heart of the
i t Secretat v, he prepared a bill tor Congress
! i I which With some alterations, would, in my
I f jjuUgnht, havj? been peculiarly adapted
I j S to meet the exigencies of the times: This
f I f bill ws referred to the Committc tn Mii
11 nufac ures of the House ol Representa
5 I f tives, who profess to ma"ke it the basis of
I ! a bill eported by them, which, after ha
i j ving eceived vatious auieudments, be
S came i law on the I4tli ofjJuly, 1832.
, ForHhe vote . which iwa given by me
j ! upon ilie final jiassasje 'of tljiis bill, all the
; j ncwspfipcrs, tnroughout the State, wliich
I j i arc atjlached to the doctrine of Nullitica-
i Ttion, nave barged mc with, having acri-
I iiced the irterests of my constituents, and
with having acted, inconsistently, with
! ed. , Anxious that my fellow-citi.ens,
whether they be my political friends or
i fes, should be in jiosscssion of the mo
I tives o!f my political conduct, in-order that
l!iev linay be enabled to determine whe
! ther I merit their coofidence, r havejust-
l Ivespqscd myell to their censure, 1 will
submitjto triem, the reasons that govern
ed me upon the subject under considera
tion,, t !
; The provisions of tfce Tariff Act of 1832
are, bv no means, such as I desired them
to have been, but when they were under
! discussion before Congress, the. problem
I for th4" solution of the members X)f that
body, Was not, in ordinary circumstances,
what a tariff act ouglit to be, nor in what
in -tuner it should be drawn, so a to sa
lisl'y the manufac,turers of the North, or
the a'niculturalUfs of the Simth the ex
clusive friends of protection, on the one
land, br of IrcC trade, on the other but
vhethor any middle course could be, de-
-' ! it" -i n -
ised, Vhicn wouui reconcile conuicung
rejjdkes aud interests allay the fury
!ii;i; 2; I in the losoms of tin? two great
L -it 1 .a'. ;i I -J.K !... I . ...
nil parne's lino woicti me jjcojjh: wcic
ivided,;&, prevent that collbiou between
i them, which niiglit, rjot oulj disturb the
nartuftnj, dui eauangor the existence ut
the Uniun. , ;
The difficulty of eflft-cting this arrange
ment, was probabfy greater than anyvhTch
had -eyerbeen presented to the delibera
tions of Congress, since-the adoption of
mi; rcucroi u.n.umiiuu, uust a larjje
minority of the ppl.ej regard! jirotective
tariff to be funau th isd; by the- Constitu
tion, a'b)ajority of tKeih have arrived at
a (liametritalfy oppdtVcohcIuiipn. If
all those who were .hostile o afprotective
naturally be presumed that these dfcord
ai rf fi g!Sr Htt'-1 I--
prejudices fnaiviatfal interests.' But
such is 'noirth'e relattve pQiiiuri of the
cbntendinq; parties. The advocates of
protection e unanimous on their side (f
the question,;.whereasis adversaries dif
fer among themselves!' "Many of the most
intelligent 'delegates to the Free Trade
Convention, which' met in Philadelphia in'
September last, expressed their conviction
of the legitimate poverj of Congress to pas's
protective tariff acfsvj though they con
demned' -their principle, as fraught with
evil and Injustice, and thtTsame opinions
were avowed, by Mr. Galtatiri. tlte author
of a memorial from tat Convention, in
which' the l:.jiirious cbiHequences of le-o-islatlve
interference vvitK the capital and
labor of individuals, are demonstrated
with an ability and clearness,' which have
not been equalled by any production which
has issued'frum. the American press. . The
majority of the people inot only think that
protective duties are constitutional, but
tliev are as conndent, that tney are essen
ti;ir to. the advancement of the general
weaU and in support of their views, they
rely upon tire numerous' protective tariff
acts which have been passed, and upon
the approbation of them by .every JJresir
dent of the United States. The minority
are as thoroughly convinced, that a pro
tective tariff impairs the property of the
great mass of the community, and subjects
them to a peavy taxation for the benefit ol
the comparatively few. When the people
thus cliffer upon a subject, in which their
interests are deeply involved when those
interests aVe believed to be fostered os
depressed by legislation, according to ge
ographical positions. iit uvuU-JiariQjas
fying protection, as to ive complete and
gererai sansiauiiou. . ; mc -ouij v-uuiat,
therefore, which the late Congress could
adopt, td calm the public excitement, and
to arrest the. perilous, march ol deep ana
bitter discontent, was to propose a law
upon the basis ot mutual concession afm
compromise. . Ijponthis basis the act ot
July, 1332, was founded, by. which the
conditions of concession and compromise
were understood to be!, that the advocates
of restriction should consent to a consi
derable reduction in the rate of protective
duties and in the amotint of revenue to be
collected from imports, and that some
changes should be made in those parts ol
the system where its! pressure was pecu
liarly obnoxious. The tiltra-restriction-
ists, and the partisan of nullification did
not subscribe to these terms, the former
bein averse to any diminution of the pro
tective duties the latter-repudiating eve
ry species of compromise which did not
include the abandonment ot the principle
of protect'on These ultraists, however,
were a minority. The niajority acquies
ced in the compromise' which has been
mentioned ; but where the real or the
supposed' interests of ;the parties'were so
variant, it was vain to" expect, that any
compromise could be so executed as to be
exempt from mutual objections. An ap
proximation toivards that which each of
ihem desired, was as i much as could have
been reasonably calculated upon, in the
passage of the first tarilt act v. Inch had
been introduced, ounng so many yeai
with the dei larcd intention d' reducing
the rates of protection. That approxima
tion, it seemed to me, was effected by
the act of 1832,' inasmuch-as by -it the
mimmums upon woolfcris were repealed,
and the aggregate of the revenue and the
amount of the protective duties consider
ably diminishe.1l.
Ueinx satisfied that this act was incom
paratively better than that of 182S, I ac-coi-diii"lv
voted for iti Upon what ground
I can even plausibly, be charged with im
policy or inconsistency, for thus voting,
I am unab'e to discover. It is true that
I have always, expressed myself adverse
to the constitutionality and the expedien
cy of a protective tiiiff; but whatever
may beiy opinion and the opinions of the
larger portion of the people of the South,
I am compelled to admit, that the con
stitutionality of a protective tariff, is not
only a debateablc question, upon which
wise and honest men may and do disagree,
but that the weight of numbers and of
great names preponderates in favour ol
those who maintain its constitutionality.
Under these circumstances, when I re
flected that the act ofU832diminished the
existing duties, repealed the minimum
upon woollens, (among the. most odious
devices of a most odious law.) auddighten
ed, generally,. the, burthen of . taxation, I
felt myself not merely justified, ; but im-
periouslv required to; idcmtare u& p.t-s
j ie, by tt':-ry means ill my pjver.
Had
I supported a bit! whicrj augmented th.
protective, duties, which extended the de
ceptive minimums, and which added to
tne public burih ens, the impolicv and the
inconsistency of my conduct might well
have been noticed a3 meritjng the sever
est.ahiuiadyersion; , : ;
It has been allege'd against , me, that I
gave my sanction to a law which reco
nised , the protective systfm as. the set
tled policy of the country. r Upon what
authority this allegation" is; madev I im
ignorant. It is not sustained by any
words whicli I have uttered, or by any
language ift the context of the law, or by
any inference to be drwn from either.
they declared themselves willing to enter
int(, did not agree to abandon protection,
which they claimed as a. right, it is admit
ted that' they Aid not. : Nothing is more
certain, than that no law would have bevn
passed, had this abandonment beenide
manded as one of its conditions. The ba
sis upon which the law was professed to
be founded, was that of mutual compro
mise and concession. Now where one
siile surrenders the very ground which is
in dispute, there may be victory or de
feat, but in utual compromise; and-eonces-sion
are terms utterly inapplicable to such
a position of the parties. If by the alle
gation the meaning is intended to be con
veyed, that Messrs. Blair and Mitchell
and myself, tvb voted tor the act of 1832,
in 'any mode or manner, recognized "the
protective system as the settled policy of
the country," it will be sufficient todeny
the .imputation, and to ask for the proof.
But neither the conduct of those of my col
leagues whom I have named nor of myself,
is susceptible of an ambiguous interpreta
tion. Upon tire floor of the House of Rep
resentatives, I repeated, what I had of
ten stated, both there and elsewhere, that
iu my opinion, a protective tariff was un
constitutional, unequal and oppressive:
I call upon the friends of Free Trade
not to acknowledge the constitutionality
or the policy of a protective tariff-rnot to
yield any principle or to sacrifice any in
terest but to torbear tron insisting, upon
the sudden abandonment of a system, which
would be attended wuhhe-ruin of m:l-
ions to "endeavor to obtain ah ameliora
tion, of itsprovisions, by compromie
with their opponents, anil to no
auspicious period. Gen. hfairso
conceiving that his vote was a recognition
of the settled policy of the protective
system," ueciareu, mat ne "did not vote
tor the bill as a compromise of the sutject,
or as a quietus of the complaints of the
South, but on the prihciple of reduction
and Mr. Mitchell, who spoke at length
against the bill, gate to it his support for
reasons similar to thuse which had been
assigned by Gen. Blair. Had my conduct
m relation to tins bill been the reverse ol
what it was, had I voted against it, and
had this vote been cited, to establish that
I had been inconsistent, and treacherous ; respects, was preserved. The minimum
to my duty, 1 should have felt that I was i upon Cottons, by the operation of "which
incompetent to defend myself against these tnose of tiie East Indies were driyefi from
grave accusation,. I might have urged, lour market, -was to be retained at 20 cts.
as a subterfuge, that I would' not suffer ins e.id of 2.5 cents, without the ahnexa
my ..name to be enrolled in favor of anyjtion of any limitation as to time. ! HiHi
protective tariff; but wouid I not have ' duties upon other commodities were im
been confounded and silenced by the re-jpoM'd, 'svithout any reservation ; and a
ply, that if the law which I refused to vote j moug them the duty upon salt, which is
for, had been rejected, a law more griev-j now ten cents the busliel, was fixed at 20
ous, and which contained protective du-i cents, and the duty upon brown sugar,
ties more onerous, would be iiv force : and j which under the act of 1832, will be
that by declining to exert myself to accom-! cents the pound, was fixed at 3 cents. the
plish the passage of the act of 1832, I vir-i pound. Frem the era of the passage of
tually contributed to rivet upon my fel-jthe Act of April IS LG, the transfer of ca-low-citi.ens
the gre"ateioppression of the pital was invited and rapidly diverted
act ot 1828. The compromise which 1 1 from its natural channels, into invest-
leiomiiieuucu in me iiouse oi itepreseti-
tatives, was intended, aud was. declared
to be intended, to meet the existing crisis
which, in the apprehension of many wise
and patriotic men, threatened the destruc
tion of the Union To avert this deep and
dire calamity, an immediate remedy was
necessary that remedy could not be ad
ministered without the co-operation of the
friends and the adversaries of protection:
that co-operation, to the extent wnich'has
been mentioned, was obtained: it was un-J ving roiled in the passage of the,. Act of
connected witn any compact, expressed or 1810, cannot be imputed to me. I am nei
irnplicd, as to the uttded policy of Ad ther reonsilde for that law, nor tor the
country,'1 or as to the true construction of calamines of which it has been the bale-
the powers to lay and collect taxes' oi; ful sourpe. 1 have never given a vote up
4 to regulate commerce.' That the' pro- 'on any 'iuestion in faCor of its piincip'ee.
tective principle is contained in the act of
1832vis undeniable ; it was also contain
ed in the bill wliich was reported by Mr.
McDivtlie, as the chairman-of the commit
tee of ways and means ; for in that bill
duties oi 25 per cent ad valorem, f r pre
scribed periods, were to be levied upon,
the protected articles of Iron, Salt Sugar
Cotton Bagging, Woollens, &c. after
wards the duty was to be, gradually re
duced 'to 12. per centum, ad valorem,
wliich under that Bill, was estimated to be
the rale of duly which was necessary far
revenue. J lie const rtutionaUty ot the pro
tective system was as plainly admitted,
by legislating for the continuance of some
protected items, during a single year, :1s
by legislating for all of them, wit.mut any
limitation as to time. Although the prin
ciple of protection has never been -.'abandoned
by any Congress : although iiis em
braced witlun the provision' of the 1 act .of
1832, I have, yet, never supposed mysell
less at liberty now, than' formerly lu use
tlrriy ertions to erase it from bur Sta
tute Book j and I derive no little ; confi
dence: in the repeal of protective tariffs,
froii the fact, that a diminution of the pow
er of those w ho have hitherto, been regard
ed to be the veteran and uncompromising
supports of protection, was. manifested",
by the passage of the act of Julyjlast; in
spite f their unremitting. and strenuous
opposition to it, aided by the co-operation
uf sevejal of those who term themselves
the fri!i(ls of'.' free trader, among 'whom
were included, both of our Senators and
six of .our Representatives.- . rhee? Sena
tors and Representatives might hive been
able to reconcile. theirconduct with what
the. v .cUa cKetitmf pntTraT
I be prevailed upon :to. think that I ought
to have done so, until I shall be. persua
ded that the burthen of protective duties
is increased, by reducing their rat and a-
mount ; and that where the choice is sub
mitted to a , representative of 'sdbjecting
ins constituents toa greater or leaser evil,
he ought to prefer inflicting on them the
greater
' Ameliorations in the existing Tariff have
been achieved by the Act of 1632p; jAVhen
that change shall take place in tioBgreis,
which will be produced by the election of
new members, -according to theUAp.P81"
,.. . I. u . i . ZM
uouuiut pin oi me last session, there is
every reason to expect that stUl farther
advances will be made, towards it lie ful
filinent of, what is desired by thel friends
or uniestncteU industry. In thej lhtenm
- "v 1 7 --"vr
will ratiic'r accelerate the progresdf inor
just and liberal legislation. VVetell elall
what na been uone, cannot tmnfite, but
ed upon to state what I firmly believe, to
be the cause of the tariff systerji j which
now convulses our State, Ishoud con
scientiously reply, that it is to belatN-ibu-ted
to the iiet of'the 37th of AprU,fl8l6,
the passage of which was so strenuously
advocated by three-fourths of the?' delega
tion from South-Carolina : they iiisisted
upon the necessity of affording protection
to manufactures, to put them beyond the
reach of contingency from foreiti. com
petition The restrictive measured of the
government before the late War with
GreatBritain, and tlie interruptijmjto our
Commerce, during that war, had? virtual
ly protected domestic manufactured j but
when the act ot April, 1816, was under
i: . a i , . - i . ; . .? . .
In Aprjlt'l8lG, the principle of protection
i was opfcnly avowed, and enforced?in mar v
instances, by correspondent dutids.j Then
was invented the mischievous and delu
sive cmtrivance of the minimumf, iwhich
was. fust applied to that fabric, khe raw
material of which constitutes tfie great
stapleof the South. It is true thatia nro-
j viion was inserted, that the "rates-of duty
i upon manufactures of cotton artd-i wool,
Himulii be reduced within three vears : but
'these were the only restrictions in that
-Act. Its protective" character in other
menis in tno.se employments ot labor
which were stimulated by legislative pro
tection. These investments have been
made uppn so extensive a -scale, that a
withdrawal of them cannot be'attempfed,
otherwise than slowly and gradually,
without the inevitable ruin of millions of
our fellow-citi.eris, a large proportion ofi
whom fi'Cre originally,- as hostile to a pro
tectivcltaiilf, as are now the inhabitants
of our
; ate. Th'
i'e sin or the error of ha-
riifse. 'jtiucinles 1 have alwavs resisted,
and I s'Mall continue to resist them by all
the' meats in my power, wliich are con
silient 4ith the ob;igations of honesty, a
respect tW the letter and the spirit of the
federal ctmipact, and t lie preservation ui
the inte,Jpty of the Union. : p
Since the date of my letter to a Com
mittee uf the State Rights and Unin par
ty 1 have received from the Register of
the Treasury, 2 statementexhibU)rtg the
amount d'aties according to the present
rates compared with the duties as. inodi
ftej by thfe Act of 14th July, I83f,pre
dicateM T.on the import- during tftejjyear
ending 5'1a St'l,t 830," which I ijhave
left With ie Editor of the Southeiil'at
riot. f-M' 11 LUli assumption that fue du
tiable art" Its xvill be the same in qualiti
tv and iri a,ter t!ie Sllf Marcl rjext.
as
thev y 1 e Hl mi4 MuuciJii.'i
.!,.,,,., fiuit nder the tariff r
cto! July Ifc .
5G'
i ne i e
IVoai tlu"
ityunt vi a llies
on intectv'o
stpone all ,lcussj.heuuue.a;wjiicb were intend- WuoUens not coti:ig more than oo cents 1
lar froni t ay ahfi5iC to Have escaned ohservafinn. 5 ner wm: ami mi W.wilipfls r.mtinl
articles, and of 85,187,078 from the a
mount of revenue to be derived from :lhe
customs.
Notwithstanding these deductions from
the revenue, and from the duties on pro
tected articles, if is asserted in an Ad
dress to the People of South Carolina,'
trom our benators and six of our Repre
sentatives, that the burthens imposed up
n the Southern States, will be greater by
the act of July, 1832, than they are, by
the Existing tariff As this assertion may
make an injuriousimpresson upon the pub
lic mind, I will transcribe that parb of
the Address' which is intended to estab
lish it, and briefly annex sucli. remarks as
tain passages in the Address.', the
burthens of the protecting duties- are
decidedly increased, estimating the cash
duties and diminished credits and they
now actually stattd at an average of
more 'than -50 per cent; while the du
ties on the unprotected articles, which
unon principle or equality and jus-1
u.u Miuuiu sustain the principal part ot
the burthens of.taxation, are with a fevy
inconsiderable exceptions entirely repeal
ed. Upon those manufactures which are
received on exchange for the staple pro
ductions of the Southern Sfates, the ag
gregate increase of the burthens of taxa-
tiou, beyond what they were under the
Tariff of 182S,, is believ ed to be upwards
of Sl,0Otj,000,vhile the reduction or re-'
peal of the duties on those imports which
are received iu exchange for the produc
tion of the Tariff States, amounts to about
i5 1,000,000. While, therefore, the ag
gregate burthens of taxation are diminish
ed S4,000,000 by this bill, the positive
buriliens of the, Southern States are not
diminished at all, and their relative bur
thens are very greatly increased."
It has already been noticed, that the
Tariff Act of 1832, as compared with
that which is now in urce, reduces the
duties upon protected articles by the
amount of gl,869,0jG. If, notwithstand
ing this reduction, the protecting duties are
increased, this increase must be occa
sioned by estimating the cash duties and
diminished credits-1 Now the cash duties
are confined to the importations on Wool
lens, and their amount would be equal to
i per cent, on the rate of duty, upon
more than 35 cents the 'square yard (of
which the value of between 2 and 3 mil
lions are imported) it is 2 per cent, in
crease in the rate of duly, such cloth be
ing subject to a duty ot 50 per cent on
the'restof oar importations, the dimin
ished credits are equal to' an increase -of
a fraction less than 5 per cent, the ave
rage rate of duty on all importations, ex
cepting Woollens being about 25 per
cent.t ;
It not a little excites my surprize, that
a paper of so grave a cnaratter.as the
'Address,' which it is presumed, was
drawn up with the utmost deliberation,
should hazard the assertion, that 'the
duties on the unprotected articles, are
zoifh a tew inconsiderable exceptions, entirely
repealed,1 when the amount oi' ull ihc duties
declared free In; Hie Jlct of 18j2, are esti
mated, Hi the statement 4" vis Trtttaury,
Upon the protected articles of Molasses and
Salt, there was a reduction of the duties by the
acts of 1830, amounting- to $95C, 121, which ad
ded to J.1,8(,0j6, makes the whole reduction
since the' act of 1828. to be 2,S25,177.
The value imported in 1830, of protected arti
cles, amounted to $29,120,62!)
Consisting of YV-ool, Woollens,
Cottons, Wood, and manufactures'
of do. Glass-ware, Iron and Steel,
and manufactures -of do. Clothing
readv made, Hats, Carpctinir, t?ail
Duck, Cotton Bagging, Molasses,
Brown Sugar, Indigo, Cordage and
Twine, Hemp, Salt, Coal, Window
Glass, Leather, and manufactures of
do. Marble, and manufactures of do.
Oil Cloths, Japanned, Plated, Ci.lt,
Pewter,' Brass" and Leaden Ware
, :i ..
dutv on tiie anos e arucics uiiuci uic
existing Tarili
Dutv under the Tariff 6f July 1832,
1C. 83 1,772
9,962,7i6
Reduction on protected articles 1,869,056
On a close calculation, omitting the 10 and 20
per cent addition to the value on goods paying
ud valorem duties, the following is the difference
arising from the alteration ot the pound sterling,
and the cash duties, with shortened credits. .
The reduction ou protected arti
cles wdl be ;- - '-. $l,59,OJG
Deduct interest on cash duties on
Woollens," amount of which being
1,953,159, for ten mouths at 6 per
cent per annum, $97,658 .
Do. on duties on other
protected articles amount
being 9,009,5.57 for 5J
nrnths at 6 per cent' per
annum, 247,7o3
'355,41
D'.fTeince originating
from change i i the pound
sterling, affecting imports'
for 'ireat Briuin, paying
:ul vulorern tluty, aiU'iunt
o ! tl il-sc i ni ports, $11,514,
657, and the diiferenc-j
SI, 075,160, at the average
iate of duty on protected
articles 37 jj percent, is
404,528
759,949
- . -
11'J-'
"
$1,550,000
!et red iciion on protected articles
A iding th- 10 and' 20 per cent
vo-ild in ' -rea-e '.!:- ftbovr. '.', about
at no more than 8100,000. t The, Ad
dress' has not furnished us with any data,
to support the positions, that upon the
manufacture? received in exchange ' for
staple productions of the Southern "ktntP
I the aggregate a xat ion is believed to be
increase, upwards ot S 1 , 000, 000 beyond
the tariff of 1828,; while the reduction'
or repeal of the fjuties . on those imports
which are. received in exchange for the
productions, of the. tariff states.amounts
to about g4,000fO0Q. How this gross
inequality iu the distribution of burtlwuc
and benefits is produced, by -the act of
1832, I am unable to imagine. Upon
some woollens the. duties av
e Ol Llie OUII0S llnnn wn.i Unf ...111 L.
very considerably .less. The duties upon,
cottons will be .reduced in almost every'
instance, and increased in .none. - Upoit
silks, the duties will be largely.reduced.
The duties upon iron, hemp, cotton bag
ging, sugars.and wines, are all dituinishJdl
in greater or smaller ratios. ' Tlcsta
pie productions of the South being, re-'
ceived in exchange for every one of the"
commodities whiqh.l have cnunjerated, if
the duties upon them be mWd.
resarily. follows, so far as .it relates ,to
mese eoininoditie (and they , constitute
the great articles, of importation) iliat the
burthen, of Southern tr-xa! ion will be di
vanished. Neither can I disrove wif
' reduction or,' repeal of-the duties uii
those, imrxirts wlnclj-are received 4 ex
change for the' pixyluciions of the tariij
States, amounts- fp about 84, 000,000,
I have specified the important articles
upun winch the duties will be reduced, af
ter March 1833, and it is known to every
merchant, that for "tlte more valuable pro
portion of them, Ithe productions of the
South are received in exchange, in a
greater degree, than are. those of the
2orth, whilst the Cotton and It.ce of the'
Southern States are almost exclusively,
exchanged for the Wines of Snain arid
Portugal, and for the Silks and Wines of
France, and their rice and lumber for the
sugars of the West Indies. The North
will be benefited by the reduction of the
duties upon indigo and upon raw wool not
costing more than 8 cents the pound, and
by the repeal of the duties upon madder.
noou, cocnineal, and some other mate
rials used in dyeing and as ingredi
ents m the Drocesa of iormuftKiaa.s
iSiit tommniility participates in t),olff-r;J
advantages, as the effect must, necessarily,
he to lower he price of Manufactured -
vv ith respect to the repeal of the duties
Hinon teas and conVe, and the reduction
of the duly upon India silks, I will sub
mit the following communication which
1 have received from one of the most en
lightened and experienced merchants in
this city : Nothing is more certain than
that the Southern States will be more
than proportionately, benefited, by airV -increased
consui'npMon of Teas and
Kast India Silks, that will take place in
consequence of the reduction the duties
upon ihem, because the course of trade
is now so changed that compared with
former'times, little or no specie is ex-
ported. The India merchant Jiovv either
furnishes himself with bills drawn by
tiie United Stiles Hank on "London, at 1S2
mouths date (wliich pay in India at a
premium) or he purchases mcrchant'bills,
at ordinary sights on London, and lodges
his funds therei, ordering his s'ip to
touch al-Gibraltar, where he can' draw
for his Londoir funds, at 10 a15 pet
cent advance, and he has 'dollars at par,
or at mo'st from 1 to 2 per cent premium
these dollars being procured, Entirely,
from Spain in payment of our rice, cot
ton, tobacco, &c. carried into that coun
try by her own subjects clandestinely.
If the Bank furnishes the India 'Bills, it
covers tiicm, by merchants 'drafts on
Kngland' Thus whether the India car-
go be procured by Bank bills or specie,
they are all raised by bills on England,
which bills arc almost altogether found
by Southern rice and cotton, Thus it
plainly and incontrovet tibly apjig, that
tiie South furnishes the principal prt of
the funds for Indian cm goes, and ctflris'e-'" -quently,
must be greatly benefited by
the increased conrump'ion of those ar- ,
tides, aud w!io will deny, that in the "uir
creased consumption oi conee Dy be
ing free of duty, that the South is be-
Tlie acr'i'i-'P' ;c amount of unties '
und. r the new ll. il, is. estimated at gl.5,126,959
Deduct duties on protected aiticles 10,962,716
Leaves a duty on unprotected
articles of
Add interest for 5h months,
shortened credits, at the rate of 6
per cent per annum, $114,516
Difference from change
in the pound sterling on
imports from Great 'iriufm, f
paving ad valorem dutx-s,
amount of .tiie imports be
ing 7, 100,852, and the
dhrcryice $548,210, .at
the average rate of luty
ua niiipro'ift'cd articles,
$4,161,243
, w - ,
193,3:,t
'ntal amount of duties on unpro
tected articles ' ' $4,357,564
i Tiie increase in the aesT'esTatc amount of the
ldut.es, without the 10 and 2j tn-r cent, ahd ad-
1 ,j;ng til ditiVrence from the new -valhation of the
pound sterling with cash du-.ies and shortened
! -'W' .',27 equai to about 1' percent 3
'i -v'.--H'Viw
f . -
,1
i