M 111 I I ' , L . v jj - , j - I! . . , I ; - I " ' r
ft
: "k
V'
'
"OURS ARE THE PLAXS OF FAIR DELIGHTFUL PEACE, UNWARp'd Bf WRTT RAOE, TO LI,VE LIKE'- brothers'
' " '
VOLUM K XXXV.
TUESDAY, MAHCH 23, f831f.
NO. 20.
; r
r PTniTSHT.T ITIHT TCT.SHAT.
K Joseph Gales tfSan.
TER1IS.
B'huft. DniuHinwf annum : one half in advance.
Thosewho do jt, either at the. time ot ?uiscTiiing,
r strtwsequently, give notice of their wish to have
the Paper discontinued at the expiration of the
veaT,ill be presumed as desiring its continuance
Y until countermanded.
Not exceedinir sixteen line, will le inserted fArpe
times jfor'a Dollar; and twenty nve cents for each
pulejjutTjt publication: thoSe of.greatef lensrth, in
proportion. If the, number -of fusertions le not
;rnnr&cjd on them, they will be continued until or
dered out, and charged accordingly. ,
Perquiraons
Person
Richmond
Robeson
Sampson i
Tyrrell
Washington
vne
To the People of North-Carolina.
,THe general right of a majority of the
qaalified voters in a State, to alter their
Constitution in any manner which may
Isuit the pleasure of that majority,' is in
our country, indisputable. But the prac
itice of the Atnerican'States has determin-
jed, that the moit ordinary, and perhaps
therefore, the most appropriate, method j
)f reroedvins Constitutional evils, is thro'
the medium ol a tatk Convention, au
t"Kori7.ed, and in its incipient steps, reu-;
lated by law. Accordingly more than;
0,000 freemen ot this state-: petitioned!
the last General Assembly, ,to provide
menns for the cure of evils, in their Con-i
stitution, ajruinst which they have bei-nj
800 0300 4300
850 8300 5400
850 7900 . 5600
650 8400 6200
980 10200 . : 7600
430 " 4200 3300
600 13900 i 2700
1050 J9000 6600
1500 9600 - 5300
1S0O 11900 .7300
2000 12100 7600
1900 15700 9400
2100 13800 5800
2300 8600 4900
1S00 10300 5100
1300 r0000 6800
1500 8900 4200
2500 17200 11100
1000 12200 ,9100
1000 15600 14500
1400 16200 14000
1300 13500 10100
1860 12800 ! 9000
1300 12600 8400
800 7900 6500
940 12700 11300
1400 17700 15700
1100 13800 11500
2050 21000 17600
2000 17200 12800
800 10000 8500
2300 20900 If 000
1100 11200 8400
900 11800 10600
1700 . 1S300 14500"
1500 16200 140u0
1300 15100 13f00
1000 13700 12300
600 11400 10300
complaining for more than SO years. Ihig
application was made under the additional
sanction of your. Bill ofj Rights, which re
serves to the People alright " to petition
tht Legislature for a redress of their griev
anus,and to instruct their liepresctitativesi't
but it was rejected by the House of Com-
xnons, alter Having passea me cenaie. i
On the eveningof the. day when this nut
fVir tf.lcinv the tsense of the Peoole was rev
WtPfl. k meetino- of the Renresentatives i one-third id the public taxcs.L They con-
oraniajonty ol the people took place torthe ve,y ccclllll5 UI,CH"" .u
Bertie
Craven
Edgecorab
(Irauvillc
Halifax
Nt;w-H.moyer
Nortbanipton
Pitt
Warren
Wake
Anson
Buncombe
Burke
Chatham
Cumberland
Caswell
Cabarrus
Davidson
Guilford
-4redell
Lincoln
Mecklenlwg
Montgomery
Oransre
Rockingham
, Randolph
Rowan
Rutherford
Stokes
Surry
Wilkes
Are your laws founded upon the public
will ? Make choice of the basis which ac
cords best with your opinions of equal
right and justice, whether it be taxes a
lone, white population alone, or federal
population alone ; or population and tax
es combined still, you will perceive that
in this State, a minority of one-third gov
em and tax a majority of two-thirds. The
33 counties first named in this table elect
a majority of both Houses of the General
Assembly, and yet they pay no more than
sustain the demand that has been made
for Equal Rights.
The. largest vote ever taken in the
S'ate. at the Election for President at public taxes." "But the people, by a vote
li e United States, was 53,000. At j of 30,000 freemen, petitioned the same
the last August election more than half;bdy to re mo verbis, grievance by dinin-
ishtn? their nunjpv andmakmg their ses-
purpose ot adopting such measures as were
best carculatedto meet the just expectati
ons of the majority. The greater number Ojf
tlvem 'believing that a fair and free discui
sioh of the alterations to be proposed b
your Constitution;, and of the grounds up
on which a, flange is demanded, would
reconcile !hetnjnority to their adoption,
vere unwilling to recommend to their
constituents an exercise of the right to
proceed without the sanction of legislative
authority; but hoping that a common in
terest, a sense ot justice, a proper respect
for the fundamental principles of popular
governments, ahd a disabuse of the, pub
lic; mind as to the motives ot a majority.
may co-operate to secure the assent of all
sections to this necessary reform, deter
mined to pursue the Course indicated by
their proceedings' now laid before you-
ihe question lvthus presented before the
highest human tribunal. ' An appeal has
ueep taKen rrnm me servants oi tne pep
pie to the sovereign people themselvefe.
and o us has been delegated the tru.t bf
presenting it to you for determination-!
Our duty will be best performed by omit
ting every appeal tojrour passions and
prejudices, and we content ourselves 6v
iayins before vou FACTS, which male
tins appeal irresistible, if it is to be deter
mined by the rules of justice, patriotism
and candor. I
j I. USKQUAL REPRESENTATION.
-1 i f
; The fit si and prominent defect in your
Olate Constitution, which it is propose
to correct, is that part which allows Ho
I. a - jf T t
vdu-cnumyuiree.memoers in our ueneca
Assembly, without regard to its size, rio
pulation and taxes. This is (he sourcef
gross inpistice, of loud complaint and bt
great political evil. Aware how easily
you may be deceived into a distrust of ge
neral statements made in a political AU-dress,-and
desirous to advance none that
can delude we have carefully prepared
Trom the Official Reports of our Financial
cers and the last census taken undier
the authority of the United States, a Ta
m.K which exhibits, at one view, the ah
ual. Public Taxes, Federal Population
and e, Population of each County n
the. State. It is here inserted, and we
iegyou to examine it : j
TABULAR STATEMENT; of Talcs, and Wrte.
. Population anil Federal PopulaUon of the Co4n.
ties of JVorth-Carolina, compiled from tbc Rcvcritue
. List of 1832, and the Census of 1830. I
the Federal nonulation, and nbt one -third
of the White population of the State ! Is
his' equal r
The necessary expenses of your State
Government are about 80,000 dollars per
year, and according to its organization,
eact county is a source of precisely the
same cost to the public revenue, and there
being 64 counties, the proportion ol each
is 81250. But the same 33 counties
which contribute less than one-third of
this revenue, cost more than naif of the
total amount. By recurring to the table,
you will perceive that they pay 822, 790,'
while they cost 5I,250, which is an ex
cess of 18,460 ddlars cos, beyond their
asnrrejrrte taxes. Is it iust, that they should.
electa majority of the Legislature ?
Some of these counties cost you four
times as much as you pay , others three
times as much ; many others, twice as
much. Is it just, or wise, that their re
presentation should be equal to the others ?
, There are 24 counties whose asjirejate
expense to your government is more than
double their assresate public tax : and
20
that number voluntarily voted in favor
of changing this feature of your Consti
tution ; and if pdls had been kept open
in all the counties under the authority of
law, there is no doubt that nearly two-
thirds of the voters would have sanction
ed it. A maioritv then, demand this re-
form of their Government, and will the
minority refuse to provide for it by the
established forms of law ? Can they do
so, and be consistent in their attachment
to Republicanism r Is the privilege too
trilling to create such zeal and persever-.
ance among those who ask it ? Then the
sacrifice will be less to those whoyieM
up a ;ower to which they can layoo just
claim, nut the right of rep-resent at ion
a fair and equal representation of the
people is now anther name for civil
freedom ; and the strugule for it can nev
er cease while the spirit of Jjibdrfv ex
ists in or.r land; Freemen who resist
it, do injury to themselves they cantiot
enter upon uch a warfare, without sell
ing their principles as slaves to the cpint
of party. Policy, patriotism and elf-in-
tercst, unite hi requiring them to do jus
tice and preserve equality in their Govern
ment. II. THE LEGISLATURE.
By'your present Constitution, the Gen
eral Assemb'y meet annually, and it is
proposed to alter it, so as to have bienni
al sessions, except in cases of emergency ;
and at the same time, to diminish the
number of members.
This is a proposition in which all are
interested, and the alteration is demand
ed as weil by your nccesstirs as by your
interest. One portion of your Represen
tatives have been engaged in excited
strife against another, and the people
have been agitated by these sectional con
tests, until both. Representatives and peo
ple seem to have lost sight of the Finan
cial concerns of the State. AVe propose
sions. biennial, --'flie call of the neonle
was disregarded-and the proposal of the
Committee was. never acted upon.
Where will yort! look for the causes of re
sults like Ihesejt The answer is not dif
ficult to be mad.'
The expenseoi" your.government have
increased with the' 'multiplication of
counties. Whepuhlic convenience made
the erectiijrrof a new county nfcessnry and
wxt'voidnble, in. nne section of the State,
another has. bee frequently erecied else
where without Necessity in ordr io pre
serve legislativ power among the latter.
The recollectiofl of men who have outliv
ed their partyfeeliuss will: attest this
proposed to sbniit a planfor remedyinsjpletl redress, except by reforming the
this evil by increasing the Revenue; Constitution. The censorious may setdown
or, in plainer words, by increasing the the evil to a want of public spirit and pa-
muH?m ainoujtpur servnnrs, out it win
notj be just to do it. The Legislature
miht. it is true, increase your taxes, and
tints alleviate the evils by removim some
of fheir causes ; but the effect would be
temporary only, and were it otherwise,
they have given the clearest proof that
this would be an unwelcome remedy, by
declining for two years and more to apply
i. You can fierceive how ineffectual it
would certainly be as a relief to any,
whilst it would be ungenerous to some
sections, and unjust to others. Those
counties who pay revenues beyond their
expenses might unite in proposing a like
partial remedy by requiring each county
to pay its own member's out of the county
Treasury : but it is vain to discuss a pro
position of this kind where two-thirds have
a direct interest to oppose it. These how
ever, ano all other legislative action un
sanctioned by the sovereign will, would
be temporizing expedients. The evil is
a great one ; its cause is the constitution
al kvganization of the Legislature ; the
People alone can correct it.
True, there are SI 17 000 dollars in the
hands of the Treasurer which wc have not
Cor
5TIES.
Ashe $ 450
Beaufort 1080
Bladen 7C0
' BrimswifJc 500
Columbus 300
Ciirrituck 40Q
Cainden ' ,650
Chowan 1000
Carteret 450
Duplin 980
Franklin, r J100
Cates 700
Greene . 650
Hyde 400
Hertford 1000
.Haywood 360
-Jones ; 500
Johnston 1050
Lenoir 700
Macon 400
Moore 470
Martin' 970
..i - . - 'JTO
PaTajtank noo
. .1
Publicl Federal
Taxes, j Population
6800
9300 !
6600 I
5300 !
3700 ;
6700 !
5900 !
6200 j
6000 f
9000 I
8700 ;
6400 ;
f200 '
5400
70001
4500 I
4400 ;
9500 j
6100
5200 ;
71 GO
7200
70(M)
CfOO
7G00
Jpjp!
r-i t
bite Jj
pulation!
6400 I
6300-!
4500 I
3000 I
3000
5200
4500
2700
4800
6-00
53G0
3300
.39(50"
400O
3S0O
42CJ0
2300.
7000
3700
4ti00
6000
5000
4500
4500
5000
of these do not pay into the Treasury
a sum equal to the wages or their own
Members, added to a just proportion ol
incidental charges of legislation al one :
ahd 12 of them pay an aggregate tax of
5,400 dollars only, whose representatives
alone receive back 8000 dollars! Is this
right ? Is it just towards a free people
whose revolutionary struggle rested upon
the basis 'that taxation and representa
tion should, go together?"
There are 40 counties in the State which
do not pay taxes to cover their cost to
your government, and is it prudent to re
fuse your aid in correcting the rule which
vests them with the power of electing
two-thirds ot your law-givers r
Do the counties, which are thus defi
cient in their contributions lo your pub
lic revenues, ana so onerous by their cost,
contain a federal or white population
which can make up their claims to the
representation they have ? Are they in
a condition to give personal services, or
to bear personal burdt s, winch justify
this exemption from pecuniary burdens
while they have equal representation with
the largest counties? A reference to
the table of their population will deter
mine this question beyond all contradic
uon. uwik at it, and then let reason
and conscienceanfiwer these enquiries.
Their population is . as: disnrooortionate
to the power they exercise, as their taxes
nave Deen shown to be.
- Oat man, in one section of the State.
has as much political weight as seven in
another, or six in another, or five in ano
ther, &c. Two-thirds of the community
pay oneUhird of the same community to
oe ineir piasters. Disguise it as you may
this is the naked truth. We would not
weary you by comparing the population
and taxes of separate counties together,
nor can it be necessary that we should.
let we, most not oo.it to state, that this
subject .has brought into existence ant
fosters a spirit of sectional hostility, whicl
mars the peace of your Legislature, and
materially impedes the advancement ri
the common good. This is so plainly
irue. that none who has any
ins character, will venture to deny it.
these are some of the reasons whicl
to invite your attention to this subiect
to point out, if we can, the main cause of
evils which will be shewn to exist, and
disclose the remedv that is proposed.
In a time of profound peace; without
any eftort deserving the name, of ot an at
tempt to carry on great public works, for
developing the resources and improving
the internal communication ol the Mate;
without any serious loss of public funds;
nay, at the close of a most profitable spe
culation in the Stocks of Banking corpo-
ations, vou will be surprised to hear tnat
the Treasury is wretchedly poor, and that
in all human probability, the next Assem
bly may notiind! unapproprinlcd.money in
it sufficient to pay their wage si! Y t
have no desire to mislead, ami no motive
to deceive you ; but to anticipate the at
tempts of those who may think it is tiierr
interest to do so. (if there be-anv such,)
we will present you the official evidence
in our 'each: .
The Comptroller's Statement to the Legislature of
1833, puts down the balance ot Lush in lac Treasu-
regard for
statement, and if it did not, we are sus
tained by your'lstatute biok, and the; re -coidcd
proceedings of the, General Assem
blies. Thus tiIi State which was in 1776,
divided into .i counties, (including the
whole ot what is now l enm'ssee) has c-
leu away tue.,etter nail Ti iier teritOrv,
" ' 7'-'
ind the remainder is cut up into 65 coun-
ues. ihe Assembly wnich was. once com
posed of 115 mttnbers hns gone on to in
crease to 202. n Their sessions which were
once held-3 and 4 and 5 weeks only, are
now held weejes. 1 heir sessions which
once cost g 1 5,000, nov chst the people
fto0,000 ; an (I a government which once
cost less than;:R40.tJT00, annually, now
costs 880,000 and upwards- Have these
increased demand .on; the Treasury in
any way, been, caused by the expense
of the Judiciary ? Let any one point out!
tne audition pi.ia hundred dollars tor the
expenses of. th judiciary since iUwus pla
ced upon a 'respectable' basis and suiud
to the absolute necessities id" the Start,
and we will show him ii return the addu
" i-.v . -
tion ot twice pe amount to the Legisla
live department'; although while the lat
ter has been gftiwing less suited to its pur
poses, the former has been improved.
Have they arifen from.jthe expenditure of
money lor pool re works r let the hu m
bled pride ot yoXirfetute answer. Not one
monument of public spirit is within your
borders, unlessjrt may be your university,
and lor that, you are indebted to the pa
triotism and fiilcralitv of individual con
tnbutors. ArC they the result of any un
profitable speculation's or pecuniary loss ?
tar otherwise ts the truth.' I lie state by
embarkinjr credit in the-three o Ranks,
has realized a. 'tjclear" profit of one million
Dividends of profits to 1832, from the
three Bank's ! . $860,000
Taxes pnid by the Bank ojf Newbern &
Cape Fear, 1832, 240XJ00
Bonus paid by ditto ditto 3$,000
Together, equal to $ 1,136,000
But, besides this, the State owned
S125,000 in government stocks, which the
economy of earlier days had provided, & .
which were invested: in these Bunksjand
it is sunk with the rest. Mark it! Here
ae one million and a quarter reduced to
one-fifth of that sum; and though the. lat
ter is diminishing every year, by the ne
cpssary expanses of the Goverimient- hy
the expensifness of legislation you' will
be 'urg:d. to ..withhold the instruction, by
wliich alo:if this cati be effectually checks
ed. Fello 1 -Citizens, will you listen to
the counsels of mere sectional partyspi
rit under such circumstances ! 'Oriwil!
you heed the calls of sacred justice,; an.d
e lighten m! patriotism, seconded as they
are, by tlr.3. warnings of self-interest ? Lt
not passion, nor prejudice answer the cti
iuirv. i v
I his subjects presents a forcible appeal
to such Among you as desire to seel the
State embaik upon a scheme of Internal
Itnprovemei.'ts, suited to her necessities.
and calculat id to elevate her character.
1 .1 i j". .
recKonea in our preceding estimates oe- VVere a oaftlken by the State, sufficient
cduse the sum has been set apart by law frt nona .-..n-- 4,.114;k . ,t-
j- - erf n m " tv ouiiiiv.iiL.t i mivi ui.iuii0 in ;uvn a ruin
io accumulate as a ncnooi runa, auu is
subscribed to the new Bank by the Pres-
dent nnd Directors of that fund under
the. direction of our last General Assein-
)p True it is, likewise that' the Sjate
owns Bankstock to a considerable amount
diminished as it has been by a regular an
nual drain to supply these annual dehci-
ences. liiesestocKs ha,ve been the means
of creating false hopes in many respects
A-hey wno used tnem lor that purpose,
per;:
the funds must be under the control of a
Government w.Vise necessary expenses
exceed the ord'm ry revenue &15,000 per
year, and who d ies not know, that the
system would be a "vscape goat" to the
sin of all other expenditures, and become
odious ? Would the people at lame be
taught to discriminate when it is notori-
ous that Iqw among yo 1 possess or have
sought ffftcr any knowledge of our finan
ces for mauy years ? Depend upn hi you
ex-
ry, on Noveniler 1st, 1S33, at
A part of this, to-u it: $17,970, was the
unexpended balance of$50,0'0, ap
propriated by the Legislature in 1832,
for re-building the Capitol, and which
has been expended since the Report,
Leaving in the Treasury an unappropri
ated balance INov. 1, 1833, of
Now the expenses of the Legislature for
1833, paiil at the Treasury on the 14th
of January, 1834, were
The sums paid, and to be paid before
"the 1st day of November next, tor the
salaries of Executive, Judicial and
nthnr officers of the State, amount to
The incidental charges of I .legislation
and contingent charges of the Govern
ment, to be paid in like manner, will
exceed
The appropriations made by the Legis
lature of 1833, lor rc-buihung tne ta-pitol-for
defending suits-for compen
sating Commissioners to revise the
Statute Laws, &c. &c. to be paid in
like manner, will exceed
Making an aggregate of
$57,877
17,970
$39,907
$42,000
30,000
8,000
of dollars, anpas we wilt show present-,
ly) has therehf - not'hasjened on, but de
layed the day tf.f her poverty, or, xveinight
more correctlsay, has postponed the day
of its dUcoverJy ; and yet the greater part
of it has been already squandered, and
die last dollar viil soon be consumed un
less some salutary Kefoim.can be intro
duced into th&: Government.
Whence tlkn does it happen What. is
the real causVof this intolerable public
evil ? .5- 7
1. 44 The" ordinary revenue' is between
12,000 and I,000 dollars, les3 than the
necessary annual expense of the gover
u.ent, ahd this: has been the case tor maRy
vears" -o say yuur public officers of Fi
I mince, and oiiave your legislative Com
mittees reported, lheiources from which
this-deficiency -has been supplied, (viz:
the liahK uiyinenos and tax; are or taie
nearly discontinued and wiiIsbon be ex
hausted. 2s. The General Assembly costs
fess there is some efficient reform:
pjc State owns 2768 shares of Stock in
I the State Bank, which this Bank is
i "now dividing among the proprietor.
' .The Stockholders valued it by authori-'
tv of law, at $30 per share ; but the
State received $50 upon the share at
the 1 st division of Capital. It is ex
' pended not re-invested. Hence, the
tesiuue of Stock will be $30 per share,
5Pr
80,000
$160,000
To cover these appropriations for ne
cessary expenditures the following sums
of money w ill be in, or receivable at, the
rreasurv. on or be ore the 1st day ol
- - - -J j y "
November, 1834, to wit:
Rnlnnce before stated, unappropriated on the 1st of
" " - 'AAA
Nov. 1834, $39,907
The ordinary revenue of the State notfe .
exceeding b,UUU
The amount of 2d dividend of Cajdtal
Stock in the Bank of N ewbern, being
20 ner cent, on 1818 shares, payable-
1st of March, 1834, 36,360
The amount of bonds for sale, of Trea
surer Haywood's property, uncollected
Nov. 1st, 1834, 2,500
The State owns 1818 shares of Stock in
the Blink of Newbern, in the same
condition valued by the Stockholders
at $65 per share, (worth $70,) but die
State received last year, at 1st divi
dend of Capital, $25 on the share,
Vand receives this yeir, at a second di
vidend thereof, $20 on the share.
The formeF isexpe tided, not 7e4nvest
)cd ihe latter is included in the pre
iceeding estimates. Hence, there is a
Residue of Stock in the Bank of New-
j)ern, equal to $25 ou the share, or
$83 010
A new county was created at the last session,
but a its Statistics have not been i ascertained, it is
impassible to take it into airoank . ;!
Making together, the sum of $146,767
Or gl3,233 less than the amount of indis
pensable demands upon the Public Trea
sury, duriiin the current year.
Is this the result of accident ? It has
been foreseen and foretold. The finance
Committee of 1832 and 1833 the Trea
surer in his Heports to the A-sembly,and
the Governor bv message in 1833, have
called upon the Legislature to anticipate
these things. The Committee of Finance
'Se' note at he bottom of fih column.
yearly fburojvfive sevenths of the revenue
it) consequence ut their increased num
bers and lonr sessions. 3. These long
sessions-are .fcoqght -about by several cau
ses ; one is," that large bodies move
slowly," ananother that sectional par-
- i '-'S i' ii l
ty strife has jrrown up irom tne aemanns
i :iU?K. n.u:
lor reiorm oiyipe v,ooiiiuiuiu uu one siue,
and a deterifrtiled resistance to it on the
other ; another i4s that the Legislature is
clothed with the power of electing Militia
Officers, Justices of the Peace and the
Governor, at-cl - theseelections create con
tests and electioneering ; another is, that a
system of loftat legilatiyn for patticular
counties ha! become habitual, and is un
checked. '-"
1 1 the causes are here truly assigned,
(and that tlilare in a great degree none
will doubt. J-can you be at an loss for
the remedy utf'.your condition ? Tiie ex
penses of tht Legislature ntay be dimin ished
more than 25,000 dollars per.annum
by reducing; the number of members to
120 or 130, and by havyjg biennial ses
sions. ThusV its annual cost may be re
duced belowjuW' third of the revenue-
By this means, and by transferring to
the people tl& rightof. electing their Gc-
vernor, and-'y giving the appointment
of Militia Ofncers and Justices of the Peace
to some other ti ibuiral, 'its sessions will
be shortened.- You will be relieveil from
the dishonoiand expense which sectional
controversies entail upon the State, by gi
vins: equal representation to every part of
the comiMiirritv. accordinr to a scale of
population airrd taxation combined, aiitl
the?e toret6ejr will furnish a salutarv
check upon loecal legislation.
Can vou call this ruiestion a sectional
nuesiion r nat porpnn oipnie oiaie
V . .a. ... i
what romvu -t noi'.orepty nunesieii in
its accommutfa.Uon ? Theie is tio cum-
Iik1 iro rw I roienn tr 1 1 o 1 iovo thai' nit m-n . I ... r N
dept State would permit her necessary pcnditure, or enterprise to pursue a sys-
expenses to exceed tne ordinary revenue, rpm nf o.rpav nhliv wi,rlr if Vrt,.
ami nererore, may oe entirely acquijtea e, 0 an illcrease of taxes equal to the
i-..iL 1 c il .ec. -J . - o ' - -
i uum ant. lorce, mar your anairs inenta1 purposes, added to the enlarged
nave come to a crisis," when an your ,i n,i nn u r- k ..r a.
. . . " - Miciuuiri t 1 1 ii iui iuv. niiti est, ui a, tjiai
servants are bound to lay the truth as t Ue5t Far be it from to (Ump the ar
ucmie me ,,CuH.c auu .cave mc .ua jor 0f patriotism in the pursuit of an ob
iuieii pauiuusm auu indulgence, rer- ject fco VVOrthy of the State, so necessary
i.;ui u, tu g.rc yuu sumc biwuui "l to her prosperity and her character. But
voeac minis, iu uCW we can wnooui ,heie are nttt tunes for concealins facts.
cioubt,; that more than halt the amount is The occasion requires of lis to state with -rl
ready consumed by the thriftless course ftllt fftaP .vhat we believe to hi tnip. Tf.
PuW,c proceedings, and to demonstrate however, the State expenses can be dimi-
yuw suuii me ouier imii win im.ow u, un- nis,et by a judicious reform, and harmony
restored to her counsels, then the pro
ceeds ot your western Isinds when dispo
sed of, and your remnant of Stocks,Lwill
leave you the means to meet t'ie merest
of a loan for Improvements, andUher
cannot be a doubt of success, unless N.
Carolina is destined to occupy in history
tne chapter ot exceptions lorever.
-.Tedious as we have been on this point
we feel constrained to add, that the ex
pensiveness of your Legislature, is- not
the only objection to its present organiza
tion. Atao erly I period of our history
as4 a State, the annual meeting of your
Representatives was perhaps wise abu ne
cessary ; but now, it afflicts the country .
by too much legislation ; it engenders
vvo evils where it corrects one. ; The
statute book is laden with laws which
$45 450 p,iree men werc permitted by courtesy to
pass ior uie county representeu oysinem,
withou t debate among the rest of your re-
$128,490 pi esentatives, merely because they iwcre
local. Unless some prudent check 13 ap
plied, a f$w raofe years will ,give ieach
county a code of its own. 1 Local legisla
tion k has increased, is increasing and
ought to be diminished." We may be
deceived, but we think it proceeds from"
County representation in both branches of
the Legislature. The people are not in
formed of the acts! of one Assembly, be
fore another Assembly has met and. may
have repealed or modified them. They
are never able to test the sagacity of their
Representatives by the results of experi
ence, under the laws they bave bee,ti the
instruments for making, before a new e
lection. Even the Sheriffs of the State,
are not un frequently ignorant of material
alterations made in the laws for collect-
tfhe aggregate of these two values of
j; Stock, is .
fjut there is a deficiency already shown
k of
yberp nro bnnt S70.000 Treasury notes
13,233
I -2 tiei
t re
deemable at the Treasury, (inelud-
ing 10,000 which we have understood
are rcdeemmed and burned, but wlurh
come .into next year's treasury Re
port,) which notes were issued to pay
ior the Bank Stocks,
Tliie Legislature have directed the whole
"Statute Laws to be digested for publica
tion, and, at a very moderate estimate,
ft will cost $10,000 more to publish
them,
T33, added together, will make
70,000
10,000
93,233
$35,527
Aiid, being deducted from the above
balance of $128,490, the difference is
the real amount of your State Bank
& New hem Bank Stocks, which will
be on hand at their close, viz:
A sum barely sufficient to meet the or
dinary revenue for two years ; but which
. f . " A
may .not be received in time to answer
that object for the present year.
We wish to put the whote case oeiore
The State owns also S200.000 worth
of Stock in the Bank of Cape Fear not
taken into view by us, because the char
ter! of that institution is extended, and
therefore the Stock cannof be used unless
life sold to'meet the wants of the Govern-
m,and gradually consumed by the same
operations that have wasted the other
Stdcks. This Stock is all that will be
left n a few years, (with. the addition of
a fiw Bank shares belonging to the bchool
Pupd) of the Capital ami p.-nfits derived
by (the -State from Bank Dividends and
taxes and bonus, for charters. The ainnum
uf these profits is thus stated in the 0T1
cinj report of a Committee raised by the
Legislature of 1832, viz:
Since this Address wai prepared, the State Bank
hasleelared a 2nd Dividend of Capital, by wbi'-!i
the Istate rtsceive $20 per share the present year ;
buttliis can make no difference iu die general result
of these calculations, however it may relieve th pre
sent aeeussity oi our Tieasurj-.
ingthe revenue, until after they have in
curred the forfeiture of neglecting their
provisions. These, We confidently assert,
are some of the legitimate fruits oiwmual
Legislatures. ' 1 '
We have anticipated, by the preceding
remarks, the statement of that basis of
representation which is demanded, and
the reduction of members, which :i pro
posed. If there be any more jtfst and re
publican standard, let it be offered. It
is to regulate Ihe scale of representation
accordiiiir to Taxes and Population It
is not proposel by any, Miat your repre
sentation should be based on cither of
these separately. ; Such charges, are tho
pretexts of a prejuiliced opposition to re
form. I'dt tt meet in a spirit of Concili
ation, even the prejudice, and to kecuoi
modate the habits and viev(-th?
ritv, the uiajority! who ask this measure
of justice, have pledged thenis.lr,th
,rii Cnunbi. no iriatler how small its pf -
pulation or taxes, must have the elt? -of
one member, whatever .-the ratio -be
which is fixed on. f it i mrejthsC JC.
atrw t nualitv rWtiirrtl of theai, bai iv !.
do not bcIieVi liiatany humsui WVliL A, .;
I - 1 : i 1 -i-:r
i e
" v- ,