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"i PKQGrEESSIE FMER, NOVip&B 2 THE F JL L. VOLK, - - - Editor. P. H. BROWDER, ' Buswkss Mahagxr. Raleigh, N. C. SUBSCRIPTION; . Elngle Subscriber, One Year v. 1.25 " Six Months 75 Jive Subscribers, One Year 5.00 fen One Year ... 10.00 One copy one year free, to the one sending Club ;Of Ten. - Cash Invariably in Advance. Money at our risk, If sent by registered letter or Baoney order, t ' Advertising Bates quoted on application. ' To Correspondents: " Write all communications, designed lor public tloxu on-one side of the, paper only. We want intelligent correspondents In every County in the State. . We want facte of value, re mits accomplished of value, experiences of valne, v plainly and briefly Sold, One solid, demonstrated fact, ra worth a thousand theories. Address all communications to i - Thi PBoeRxsems Fabxxr, , Raleigh, . C . BA.LEIGH, N. C, NOT. 19,'; 1889. j?'is paper entered at second-close Office in Raleigh, Af ter at the Pwt ' The Progressive Farmer U- the Official Organ of the .N. C. Farmers Association and N. C. State Farmers' Alliance; and the Virginia State Farm ers Alliance, . '. f '' Do you want your paper changed to another office? State the one at which you have been getting if ' Do you want your communication pub lished? If so, give us your real natue and your postoffice. JT" Our friends in writingvtQ any of I oar advertisers, will favor us by mention ing the fact that they saw the advertise ment in The Progressive Farmer. The date on your label tells you when your time is out. . J. L. Ramsey is our authorized agent, to receive subscriptions ana advertisements for. The Pbogbessive Farmer. THE UNEXPLORED EL DORADO. FROM official sources it is learned that there are to day over three hundred thousand native North Caro linians' living in other States. It is fair to assume that they left their State to better their condition, and that they were reasonably certain that the advantages offered in their native State would not justify their re maining here. But had they care fully and intelligently investigated the matter, thousands of them, doubtless, would never have gone. Many of them abandoned fortunes of which they had never dreamed, to go where only , toil and disappointment was to be their reward. A striking case in point has just come to light. It is said that a discovery of gold in Mont gomery county justifies the belief that 'it is the richest mine ever found east of the Mississippi, and that it is on property of men who left it years ago for the State of Texas. We have just received from our friend, Mr. W. fl. Hearne, in the adjoining county of Stanly, a beautiful specimen of slate just discovered, " which," says he, " is in large quantity and may be taken out in large sheets of any desired thickness." Time and again The Progressive Farmer has directed at tenti m to this section of our State. Nearly three years ago we called at tention to the fact that here in the centre of our State was an area equal in extent to the State of Connecticut, in which were to be found the finest timbers in greatest abundance, and better water powers than could be found in New Eagland, and which abounded in richest deposits of mini erals a good grain section ar d one of the finest fruit regions in all the South, with mill-stone, grind-stone, granite-stone and other valuable stone, and that there was no section . which would develop . more rapidly into a prosperous agricultural, mining and manufacturing community, if facilities were afforded. We have long felt that the Atlantic and North Carolina road should be ex- tended to Uhariotte, tor one, very important reason that it would neces sarily traverse this grand country on a central line and thus open it up to enterprise and development. It has been agreed, but we think errpnously, that such a line would impair the value of the North Carolina Roid from Goldsboro to Charlotte, . and , thereby depreciate ' the value of the State's interest in that Road. We do' not agree with this view, but we will not argue that question, as we simply desired to again call attention to this section of wonderful resources and great natural wealth, with the hope that it might stimulate investigation which may lead to the inauguration of such agencies as would develop its splendid capacities. WE most heartily and cheerfully endorse the following from the Alabama Alliance Advocate : The National Economist has recently completed its first volume. Its pub lishers essayed to cover a wide and highly important field of journalism. To supply the literary want of a class impoverished by unfavorable political, economic and pnysical causes was a task of no little magnitude. But the success of the Economist in this laud able undertaking has been both phe nomenal and eratif vincr.Th like Minerva. snrincrin(r frill floo. from the brain of Jupiter, entered the combat- for. organized gricuuure fully equipped for the.contest, and has fought valiantly for the rights of the farming classes. Its management was peculiarly fortunate in securing the services of Dr. C. W. McCune as editor He is both capable and hon est, with mental endowments sufficient to grasp and solve the many compli cated agromonic problems .that con front the farmer of to day, and with a devotion to principle that Is admirable as it is rare, he faithfully and fear lessly guards the interest of his pat rons. Our esteem and admiration for Dr. McCune may cause our com mnts to be too laudatory, but we can not refrain from expressing the be lief that as infinite Providence pro vided a Moses to lead the children of Israel out of the Wilderness, and a Washington to secure independence from British tyranny, it also supplied a McCune to organize wronged, and impoverished farmers to wage .a .holy crusade, against trusts, combines .and monopolies, and enable him to plant their victorious banners on' the crumb ling walls of opposition and oppression THE BAPTIST4 ' STATE ' CONVEN- H " " flON. T' HIS body met in the hospitable - &nd flourishing town of Hender son on the 13th inst.'1 It; was organ ized by the election joHL. Ii. Polk, President, Dr. G. W. ganderiin, 1st Vice-President, Hon.. J. C. Scarboro," 2nd Vice-President, 'and Dr. C. A, Rominger 3d Vice President. Secretaries: N.'B. Broughton and Rev. GK W Green. Treasurer : J. D. Boushell. Auditor: W.N.Jones. Corresponding Secretary, Rev. C. Durham. s Quite a number of gentlemen emi nent in their respective departments of denominational work, were wel comed as visitors, among them Rev. Dr. C. C. Bitting, of the American Baptist Publication Society, Dr. A. E. Dickinson of th& Religious Herald,Yioi. W.H. Whitsett, of the Southern Bap tist Theological Seminary, Dr. Thomp son of the Western Recorder, Dr. I. T. Tichenor, Secretary Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Con vention, and Rev. A. J. Diaz, the great missionary of Cuba, Rev. T. P. Bell, Assistant Secretary of the Foreign Mission Board of the South ern Baptist Convention. Remarkable progress has character ized the denominational work during he past year, . but in none was it more notable man ,m state and Foreign Missions. The Convention pledgad $15,000 for State Missions for next year, an advance of $2,500 over. last year. 1 Perhaps no subject elicited more interest than the report of the com mittee on the Baptist, State Female College and the discussion of that most important subject. The speeches were of the highest order and it was remarked by old members that this impromptu discussion was perhaps never excelled in the Convention. The Convention, without a dissenting voice and with enthusiastic unanimity continued the committee and in creased it to twenty-five, with full authority to act in the premises and constituting it a Board of Trustees whenever the work is sufficiently ad vanced to need such a body. So the next great step f orword for the Bap tists of the State is the establishment of a first class Female College of high grade. Perfect harmony and unity and a strong zeal in all the work, character ized the proceedings throughout. It was a strong body of earnest devo ted christians and their aggressive progressiveness will, without doubt, impress itself upon the next year' work and on the denomination. We cannot close even this brief account without acknowledging the great and uniform hospitality of the warm hearted people of Henderson, which will not be forgotten. The writer desires especially to express his warm appreciation of the- great kindness and genial hospitality of his estimable host and hostess, Col. and Mrs. Burgwyn, in their charming home. It was delightful to be with them. v: ' ' WHO RUNS .THE COUNTRY ? RECENTLY' . the press of the country has been publishing ' a list of millionaire to show "who owns the country." We give below a statement, taken from official records and we may ask with propriety: Who runs the country ? OCCUPATIONS OF , AMERICAN CONGRESS MEN FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. Lawyers.......... . 302 Soldiers....... Merchants.,..., , 22 Journalists ; 10 Bankers..: 9 Brewers and Distillers . Shipowners . Railroad Presidents and Agents 5 Farmers and Planters 21 Physicians g Manufacturers . 18 .rroiessors , Engineers " - Professional Politicians ". 4 Miners.... . ,. 1 "' .......... A tjierjsymen , 2 Surveyor j Mechni. Builder and Contractor."."." .."."."."! l According to the census of 1880 there were 64,137 lawvers in the United States. They have 302 mem- ucxo xi tuo American congress, or one to every 212 of their members. They have three fourths of the entire membership of the American Congress. At the same.date, there were 7,670, 493, engaged in agriculture, in1 the United states, lney naa 21 mem bers in Congress and several of these are only nominally -engaged , in '.that pursuit, p .So- while the legal . profes sion has one representative, in Cong-; ress for every 212 of itet members, agriculture has one member for 'every! 365,261 of its members. ' ' ' a Of the 76 members of the Senate from the most, reliable .information obtainable, forty, one of them are. .mil lionaies, and twenty-seven years ago not one of these was a millionaire.;. Will some one give us the hanWo! a single farmer, in or out of Congress; in all these ( United 4 States, hoVvr is i millionaire?" - v' While'-millionairs have- multiplied by hundreds within--the, : past thijrty years, can any -one giv,e us the ;;name of a farmer whom it . is reasopably probable to supjose will become a millionaire within the thirty yVars to come? ' - -L ' ! . - Is it not time fox the farmers to sit down and do some cairn, .deliber ate thinking?. . . , it. 1 Is there an intelligent farmer in all this country whocan read these facts without a feeling of humiliation and shame for his noble calling? Id' it not a disgrace to the intelligence, "the patriotism and;the manhood of the American farmer? Who rins-the Country f ... And it it be run in .the interest of capital and. irresponsible corporate power, ask , yourself, your children, your country and your God when ybu give the answer. Farmers, read, read, read; educate,, educate, educate; think, think, think! STAFF CORRESPONDENCE. , Tboutmans,N. C.,Nov. 7? '89. , . The damage to the cotton by fros.t is greater in Iredell than in any3 sec,-, tion I have traveled. ' If will b hard work for our cotton farmers to make ends meet. But pluck and en ergy will conquor every time. , We should remember that the crops might have been much worse. Corn was quite good in this section; so was wneat ana oats, mis win an be a great help. 1 Doubtless, this fearful 'Visitation will tend to bring our people .closer together in Alliance matters, All these misfortunes are for some 'grand purpose. Iredell has 30 :sUb-Alli. ances and the membership is growing slowly but steadily. Her member ship has the intelligence but lack en thusiasm. What a grand thing the Alliance is where there is intelligence and enthusiasm combined ! But where one or both are absent it is a crop planted but not cultivated.5 My brother if you have not " sufficient grit to help work out the crop, crawl out and give others elbow room. A great deal of wheat has been sown in this section of the State this Fall. This is right for there are peo ple now standing ready to take ad vantage of the failure of the cotton crop. The sooner our people 'reduce the cotton acreage the better, for this plan of raising an all cotton crop at low prices and being nearly a failure at that, will eventually ruin any peo ple. All cotton and meat and' bread on credit, mortgages, high ' prices, lawsuits and the attending evils com. bined always create a perfectpande monium which should be avoided. . . . ... R. EDITORIAL NOTES.1 , A meeting of the Maryland State Farmers' Alliance was held at Upper Marlboro' on the 13 th inst. President Hugh Mitchell presided. Dr. Joseph A. Mudd, . chairman of the committee on credentials, presented a draft for a constitution, which, after r few slight amendments, was adopted, and was ordered published and dis tributed to the subordinate Alliances in the State at as early a date as pos sible. A plan for a State Alliance Exchonge, to be located in Baltimore, was presented. Although no formal action was taken, there was among the delegates' ' an undercurrent of senti ment hostile to any action upon the part of the Alliance , in favor, of any political organization, the prevailing opinion being that the farmers should stick strictly to. business. The next meeting of the State Alliance will be held in Baltimore on the second Tues day in August, 1890. Werare gratified to learn that the Secretary of the State Fair will issue a special premium list for the next State Fair, early in January next This is proper for it gives the farmers and Alliances better time to prepare for such crops as they may desire to enter for premiums. v In, this connection we may note that the Gold Leaf, the Greenville Reflector and the Washington Progress are doing some plain talking in regard to the gamb ling schemes which have been notably prominent at some of , our Fairs this season. The Progressive Farmer wishes to add its voice to protest against the admission of any gambling or swmumig uevice or scheme into our agricultural Fairs. It cannot be justified from any -standpoint, and should not be countenanced or tol erated. Ihe Progressive Farmer earnestly and respectfully appeals 4o our otate x air autnorities to lead in this greatly needed reform by an nouncing in all its premium lists and publications, that nothing of the kind will ever' again be admitted to their grounds t. y" tThe Association of "American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations began a three days1 session at? the National Museum, Washington last Tuesday. Geo. W. Atherton, of the Pennsylvania State College, is president of the Association, and Chas. E. Thorhe, Director ot the Ohio Agricultural Experiment ' Station, is secretary. Among the subjects for discussion are the relations of the col' leges and station! to agricultural ex hibitions and farmers' institutes, and needed amendments of the Hatch act, under which the stations are organ ized. ' Gen. Morgan, commissioner of Indian affairs, ' made an address, in which-he urged the colleges to prepare teachers of industrial arts for the In dian. . schools. . Resolutions . were adopted looking toward the co opera tion of the stations and the ' Depart ment of Agriculture in the testing of varieties of flax, hemp, jute ix and' ramees and of fibre machinery. . Mr. Willis, of the geological survey; ex plained . to the association, what the survey was doing in mapping the soils of the country preliminary to their more thorough study by agricultural investigators. 1 - ALLIANCE NOTES Always give the name and number of your Alliance, your postoffice and your county, plainly, when you write to the President, Sscretary, Trustee, Business Agent or Chairman of Executive Com mittee of the State Alliance. Bro. McDowell, of Tennessee, in forms us that a meeting of the Na .tional. Board of the Farmers' and Laborers' Union will meet in the city pf St. Louis on Saturday, the 30th inst. ' Bro. D. Reid Parker, District Lecturer, we are glad to learn, is making splendid' progress in ' our work and especially in the important matter of increasing our business agency fund. Bro. S. C-Brown, of Catawba county, writes that the cotton crop has been cut off at least one-third ; that the farmers of that famous wheat county are seeding more than ever before and will make and use of more compost than ever before. We see that the reception committee to arrange for the re ception of the delegates to the Farmers' and Laborers' Union, which meets on the 3rd prox. in the city of St. Louis, has arranged terms .with the St. James Hotel at $1.25 per day. P. Q. Kiger writes as follows, dating his letter Mana, Yadkin county, Nov. 1 1th: " If you will allow me a little space in your valuable paper, I will give you some idea of what the farmers of this section are doing in regard to the Alliance. Mr. John I Hampton, the Organizer of this county, was wih us Saturday night last and succeeded in organizing a Club at this place to be known as the Enonon Farmers Alliance, with the following officers: S. T. Conrad, President; John Brinkly, Vice President; J. H. Smith, Treasurer; J. H. Sailor, Lec turer; H. T. Bran, Assistant Lecturer; John Knott, Doorkeeper; C. D. Knott, Serg't-at-Arms. The prospect is good for a large lodge within a short time. Jas. R. Wright, of South Shore Alliance, No. 1,887, Tyrrell county, says the sister Alliances, South Shore, Lone Star, and ,New Foundland, have established an Alii ance store in the centre, with Capt. J. W. Harnett as clerk. We expect to make it a great help to us. We are nearly all poor people, but are go ing to do all we can in the cause. We can't do much this year, however, as our crops are badly cut off by the wet season. We hear some say, out side, it will not amount to much, be cause there are no moneyed men in the order, but I think we can do bet ter without' them than with them, for they keep poor men's noses to the grindstone. I would say to the breth ren, stand to the guns until the last trust,combine and other enemy falls to rise no more. Bro. D..M. Arrowood writes from Little Salem Alliance, Ho. 1,301, and says there is a traveling agent around through that country selling a plow sulky. It is manufactured by the Cahill Manufacturing Co., Clarksville, Tenn. They: are .. selling a very' great number of them at very high price, either for cash or credit. A good many of our brethren are buying them. Brethren, is not that against our principles ? Have we not a State Bnsiness Aerent ? If vou want the Cahill Manufacturing Co.'s goods, why not get them through our Busi ness Agent? I think our principles demand that we should not buy at all; our order will do us no good, finan cially, while we patronize these travel ing agents who go over the country seeking whom thev mav drag: into o their coils. Bro. Elbert A. Woods, Secretary of South Durham Alliance, No. 750, of Durham county, writes that his Alliance is still alive, with some good members and some bad oaes. One member carried his cotton five miles out of the way in order to get it wrapped in cotton bagging. " At our last meeting I received a one-dollar subscription from a - member .who de serves great credited honor for her devotion to the cause, f The subscriber ds sister i -Mary Pickett, the first to .subscribe .last spring to the fund to be paid the first day of November. , .She1 is a widow lady, her husband having died - in . the army of v typhoid, fever. He left her with six children to battle for; God prospered her, and she has raised them' all. She. was among the first sisters to join our lodge and has always been and is no w ready to as sist in the good work. Brethren, come forward and do your duty as sister Pickett has done, and we will , nave nothing to fear. Secretary ' Craddock, of Alliance No. 577, dating his- letter at Hobton, renews his subscription to the Pro gressive' Farmer and says: 'No Alli anceman should try to do without it, as it is almost an impossibility to keep the order on the track without it. We have call meetings every Thursday night to keep our Alliance posted in regard to the cotton movement:' ' Cot ton crop "is very h oft in this section, j some tarmers being1- hardly able to pay for their guano and provisions.- xt wouiu- oe & Diessmg to tnem to abandon the former, also tfie latter on time. Better live as hiide: :as the primitive man and, eat their bread on the head of a barrel' thari go ihdebt thesjb rigorous times: Hogs are rapid ly tlyihg of cholera na few miles 'off. A'Gdshen Alliance farmer lost about 60' fn a month, others are 'Correspond. ingly losing. The epidemic is fearfpl to contemplate. - We have about 20 staunch members in No. 577, the rest are careless in attendance. r I am do ing all I can to raise more funds for State business agency and have suc ceed in collecting a "mite" and more to collect. May God in His infinite mercy protect, preserve and prosper he Farmers' Alliance throughout the world. Much success to you, your most excellent journal and your loved ones. Resolved, By Red House Alliance, 761, that the Subordinate Alli ances of the State are earnestly re quested to . use less space in the col umns of our State organ, in . passing resolutions, in order that . the editor of that paper may devote more of its space to general, State and National news, and thus make it the best family paper in the state. T. W. .bong, President, J. E. Jordan, Secretary. We thank our brethren of Red House Alliance for the above resolu tions. It gives us an opportunity to say that we are frequently urged to publish resolutions in regard to local grievances, . which should not be known to any except those directly interested. Again through the per- sistent importunity of brethren we are often led to publish resolutions which are of little interest to the gen-' eral reader. We try to be accommo dating and desire to give all a hear, ing in our columns, but .brethren will please remember that if their resolu tions do not appear, that the editor thinks either that they will do the cause no good, or will be productive of actual harm. And do not forget the responsibility on the editor in these matters and that he is in a posi tion to survey the whole matter and must do what, in his judgment is best for our noble order. CAUSES OF THE DEPRESSED CONDITION OF AGRI- CULTURE. i Extracts from a paper read at the Farmers' In- etitute Tueeday, Oct. 15th, daring the State Fair, at Raleigh, by Capt. Charles McDonald, of Cabarrus. Tramps are to be seen daily travers ing the country, and we wonder that men can be so lost to all self-respect as to go tramping over the country, begging their daily food. "We read of the anarchists of the large cities and of their revolutionary teachings and acts. We execrate them and re gard them as enemies, to society; we hear of the strikes of the workmen in the industrial pursuits some of which are of collosal proportions and we are amazed that men should resort to this method of righting their wrongs. Yet the tramp, the anarchist and the striker are the natural product of ex isting evils in our social organization. They exist in accordance with natural law are the outcome of the operation of nature's law. Farmers are organizing throughout the country because they recognize that there exists an unnatural and un healthy . condition of things , in this erreat interest. From all quarters of our broad land comes the cry of un requited' toil, ever increasing farm debt, the aggregation of land in the hands of the few, the rich becoming richer, the poor poorer and more de pendent upon the few. We are sow ing, but not reaping; we are planting vineyards,5, but others are eating the fruit thereof; the wealth we create is for the use of others. sfi sc ft The increase of the wealth of this country from 1870 to 1880, according ing to the census report, was about $13,500,000,000. In the present dec- ade it will reach, at least $15,000,000, 000. Taking the number of those employed in producing this wealth at 12,000,000. we have an annual pro dnction of SI 25 ner carrita of this i employed population. Where has it gone ? ' Thomas G. Shearman, in the Sep- , . , A cor urn that as latAiw MiAt i temhpr ' nnmhni- r t. V . was hnt one man in this country who was ? ported to. be-worth more than nnn 000, .Now 25,000 persons out of total population of 60,000 000 n $31,500,000,000 of the prope'tv this country. " This estimate i says, ."is far below the actual truth yet even upon this basis we are co fronted with the startling result tlA 25,000 persons now possess moretha one half of the whole national wealth real and personal, according to tV highest estimate ($60,000,000 000? which, any one has yet ventured ti make of the .aggregate amount." And I will add in connection with tK statement the significant fact that th largest and most conspicuous of thes! immense, fortunes are held by railroad men; a fact you will do well to ponder over andr remember when you com to select candidates for the next Legi3Uture?;.. These facts of Shearman's ' have been reproduced in' many newspapers, but they are so im Lportant.in their significance, and show bo conclusively tae ropoery under the iorm of law by the non producer of the wealth producers, they should be placarded before your eyes until they are embedded in , your memories not to be forgotten until you have risen in your, might, and. blotted forever from the state, books every vestige of law under which these robberies have taken place, and placed in their stead laws, constitutional and statutory that will forever prevent the recurrence of such a condition of things. I assert that no, man can accumulate a fortune .o a niillion dollars without having wronged and virtually robbed his U. lowman. Lincoln. foresaw the rise of this moneyed po wer while yet the war was in progress, and with prophetic vision foretold the very state of things now existing anil trembled with anxiety for the fate of the Republic, " as it." he said, "meant the destruction of the liberties of the people." The downfall of all the nations of antiquity, attain ing any degree of civilization, dated from the time when their wealth be gan to accumulate in the hands of the few. And it needs no prophet to predict the fate - of our Republic, should not a check be given and that soon to the rapid accumulation into the hands of the few. 4c 4c The real primary cause is the cen. tralization of capital with and without chartered privileges, but the more especially with chartered privileges, in carrying on our modern industries. This concentration of capital was made possible, in the first place by unwise legislation yea, more than unwise criminal, and capital hag gone on reproducing itself with accel- erated speed as only capital can do, until now concentrated in the hands of the comparatively few, in the form of corporations, trusts, combines and monopolies, it has become an immense power, being unjustly used to extor; from labor an inadequate recompense, and from the farmer an unjust share of his profits; or in other words to rob labor of its just share of the wealth labor produces, thus sitting aside, at will, the natural law of sup ply and demand. The causes, as can be readily' seen, are wholly of an arti ficial character, and are found in the first place as I said, and wish to em phasize, in the unwise distribution bj legislation, State and National, of franchises which afforded the means of making immense sums of nionej. In this State, as an illustration, alio. the railroads are combined to prevent free competition in transportation The natural law of supply and demand in this respect is set aside and the peo ple of the State must obey the sweet will of these combined railroads with their chartered privileges. In t-fl language of one of their official " they have got a good thing and t$ gomg to keep it. Hume says in his history, u'fi& these grievances were the most intoj erable for the present, and the mo pernicious in their consequences tfc were ever known in any age or und any government." The remedy for these wrongs is $ the hands of the people, lor we aver a law is found to be iiijudicioW or grants or permits powers or p leges to be used to oppress rather tfl to benefit society at large, it privilege as the duty of the represe tatives of society to repeal or afflec such laws, constitutional or statua; by withdrawing said perverted pow and privileges." t o3 The evil effects of this central" of capital, with the companY power to set aside the law of sufi and demand and thus coatroi prices of commodities, were first upon agriculture,' the leading w producing industry of the country the purchasing power of the i i became impaired by taking fronW an unaue snare oi nis pi- this reduced purchasing power per cent, of our PPK trial enterprises found prices x e and a reduction of the wages o J tneir purcnasmg tpntetf-i paired. Thus another element en J to further " tapjr-th. ffg power oi whthefari of condition was reacneu uw say8 'U.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Nov. 19, 1889, edition 1
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