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I I n THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OP STATE P0LICv. RALEIGH, N. C, MAY 27, 1890. No. 16 Vol, 5. u.r i i I - - I - : i ! I 1 J i f '.' 1 ill THE NATIONAL FARMERS' AL LIANCE AN INDUSTRIAL UHION. President L L. Polk, North Carolina. Address, 511 Pth St., N. W., Washington, C Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cain bridge, Kansas. . Secretary J. H. Turner, Georgia. Ad dress, 511 '9th St, N. W., Washington, Treas-rer W. H. Hickman, Puxico,' Missouri. Lecturer Ben Terrell, Texas. EXECUTIVE BOARD. C. W. Macune, Washington, D. C. Alonzo Wardall, Huron, South Dakota, J. F. Tillman, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIARY. R. C. Patty, Macon, Mississippi. Isaac McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. Evan Jones, Dublin, Texas. PORTH CAROLINA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE. President Eli&s Carr, Old Sparta, M.C. Vice-President A. H. Hayes, Bird town, N. C. Secretary E. C. Beddingfield Raleigh, N. C. Treasurer J. D. Allen. Falk, N. C. Lecturer Thos. B. Long, Asheville, Assistant Lecturer R. B. hs-ter, Char fotte, N. C. Chaplain-". 0".. Scott, Alforusvnle, N C Door Keeper W. H. Tcmlinson, Fay etteville, N. C. Assistant Door Keeper H. E. King, Peanut, N, CI Sergeant-at-Arms J. S. Holt, Chalk Level, N. C. State Busine?3 Agent -W. H. Worth, Raleigh, N. C. Trustee Business AgencyFund W. A. Graham, Machpelah, N.C IXEOUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CARO LINA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE. S. B. Alexander, Charkt!e, N. C, Chair nan; J". M. Mewborne, Kinston N. C; J. S. Johnston, Ruffin, N. C. THE SUB-TREASURY CILL CON TINUED. Last week Col. Burgrcyn gave" a history of the Sub Treasury in colonial times. I desire to continue this to the present time. In 1777 (laws of '77, chap. 12) the Legislature established warehouses, public and private, for ttie" inspection of tobacco, and this law is, with little amendment, found in the Code of North Carolina to-day, under the head of Inspections. Sec tions 2983-97. The ccunty court (now commis sioners) were authorized to establish warehouses and appoint inspectors and other officers. Farmers carried their to Any of these warehouses and the inspector gave (Sec. .2990) "to the owner a receipt or note containing the warehouse, number, gross, tare and net weight and the kind of to bacco, and therein oblige themselves to deliver such tobacco to the owner or his order when demanded." Time of storage not limited. Sec. JrVyzz. uonaemnea to Dace was allowed to remain in the wa house six months. This wl-s a 1792; before that time the inspector burnt it. These warehouse notes or r-eseipts were used to raise money or settle accounts. Sec. 1995. "If any perssn shall forge or counterfeit the stamp, aiote or receipt of any inspector of tobacco or shall offer for sale ob payment or demand of any inspector of tobacco on any such forged note or receipt, Shall be punished by imprisonment not less than foar: months or more than ten years." These warehouses were first estab lished by law at stated places nearly always at the "landings" on the rivers and opned by private individ uals, but in 1886 we find from the latter part of Sec. 283, N. C. Code, 1884, the county court (now commis sioners) were authorized to establish public warehouses, and this is the Haw to-day. " The commissioners may at the expense of the coucty, purchase or rent ground, build or rent ware houses, provide scales snd weights for a tobacco inspection and allow such salaries to the inspectors as they judge proper to be paid as a county charge, and also order and limit the times for the attendance of the in. spectors at their .respective ware houses; the commissioners shall regu late what shall be paid as warehouse rent for each hogshead of tobacco They shall, as occa sions may require, appropriate any part of said moneys in repairing or rebuilding their warehouses regulators of warehouse rent to pre vail at private wrrehouses. Next week I will give you the history of the purchases of tobacco by the province of North Carolina, 1785 6 and '87. Have not the notes with me or would include it in this. The receipts or notes mentioned in i i -i I this article were used in settlement ot accounts among the p.op'e the farmer took his tobacco fo market, there was no vessl present to carry it off immediately ; there as no money to buy the quantity of tobacco offered except at ruinous figures; the farmer had his tobacco inspected, get his note or receipt and this could be used to settle his accounts with his merchant or other person and was not forced to unload at unremunerate prices. Is it not amazing that -after the farmer has increased the yield of his crops one hundred per cent, that our law-makers should allow a financial policy to continue which takes all the benefit of this increase from them and gives it. to favored classes ? And the grandest outrage of all, that after they have each year collected near a hundred million dollars more than is needed for the expenses of the gov ernment, they hand it over to the na tional banks, free of interest, to loan to you at whatever rate your necessi ties compel you to .pay. What kind of Representatives have we who let this go on year after year without an effort to prevent it ? Morgan, in his valuable book, scys that when Mr. Sherman was Secretary of the Treas ury there was $i3;000,000 of govern ment money in the first national bank of New York, which had a capital of $250,000. That when Mr. Manning became president of a bank in New York city, one of the first acts of Mr. Fairchild, his successor, was to trans fer to his bank$l, 100,000 of govern ment money. Could not a farmer at least make a living if he ccuid get a million dollars of government money, free of intter est, to loan his brethren at '10 per cent. ? W. A. Graham. THAT 44 REPUBLICAN " LEADER HEARD FROM. "Vote for the Right Men.' Mr. Editor: As I see the Krgn aut is trying to break us up in Nash county, I will write a few lines. I joined the Farmers' Alliance Feb ruary 10th, .18S8. On the 2Cth wo received our charter. I have never missed a single meeting. I am a Re publican and have been for 20 years. I have been claiming the same princi- 1 .1 . T 1 1 pies tnat tiie warmers iunance is founded on. Number S78 ratified all the State and National demands. Our lodge claim that they belong to the Alli ance and cot i the Alliance to us. -In the Argonaut of February G, 1890, you will find over a column written aginst the interest of the Farmers' Alliance. The Argonaut starts out by saying: "Another in stance in which men allow their seal to get away with their judgment." Y In the saniearticle of February Cth, I 1 QQH Via C4TTO- I i 'VVi lAm'fllntn.A P "J) Virginia ha3 just passed a joint reeo niuuon instructing lis representatives in Congress to aise their influence 4 secure the piss age of a bill to enable the government to loan money to the farmers at two per cent. In the same article he says: "Jt would only be a short time before, a large quantity of the land would belong to the Federal government." Brothers, I had rather my land was under mortgage to the Federal government at 2 per cent, than to be under mortgage to the (merchant and then I have to give any per cent, they may &sk me for goods. in the same article he.-says: "Another suggestion which has been made, the establishment of government ware houses throughout the South in which farmers are to store their cotton and receive 80 per cent, of its value and eo on.' The Argonaut winds up his article by saying if the project could be carried out it would destroy the independence of the people and make them pensioners upon the bounty of a government. Brotherjj, we are going to have the bill passed. If the Democrats nor Republicans will not pass it, then the farmers will pass it. There is -a bet ter day for the farmers if they wi.l only persevere in the way now open to them. Stick to the Alliance with all the heart, soul and cash; stand firmly by its principles, be true, full of faith in the order, attend every meeting and endeavor to make every succeeding dne more interesting than the last, and the sunlight of prosper ity will beam upon us, and where debt and want now oppress, indepen dence and plenty will reign. Brothers, vote for no man to make your laws unless he! stands pledged to carry out the demands of the Farm ers' Alliance, pxrty or no party. W. H. Robbins, Chm'n Rep. Ex. Com. for Nash Co. NUTS TO CRACK AT THE FARM ER'S FIRESIDE. Your presence at the Alliance meetings tells the world" that you know you have rights, and are willing to work and sacrifice for their main tainance. Floiida Alliance Farmer. It cannot be expected that most of the present members of congress shall favor & bill which, while it will bene fit their constituent does not suit the men who they serv. Southern Alli ance 'Farmer. The Alliance will do you good; it will do your children and your coun try good, then how can you afford to let others do all the work without even your presence there to cheer and encourage the workers ? Florida -Alliance larvntr. An exchange by way of consola tion tells the farmers that their con dition is not what it will be in the future." This is consoling. It would be hard on the Kansas farmer if he had to keep warm in the future by burning his own corn. Wilmington Star. The Missouri anti-trust law has been declared " unconstitutional.'" This is no more than might have been ex" pected. All laws enacted for the bene&t of the people, and in any way conflicting with the interests of mo nopolists will likely meet a similar fate until the paople by their ballots declare boodle legislatures and courts unconstitutional. Exchange. The outside men and outsid-e press who are so anxious to advise the Alli ance, are generally trying to work some scheme of their own. While thinking of their advice, inquire some what into their motives. While think ing of their advije and seeking for their motive, don't forget that old story o: the monkey, the cat and the chestnuts. Southern Alliance Farmer. Party Editor to Party Boss. -Last 3rear I could tell the people that hard times was caused by poor cros and a Democratic administration, but now t Republicans are in powei, crops are good and times are wo-se than ever; what shall I tell them now ? Party Boss. Why, just yell over-production at them, of course: vou -seem to forget that the people are fools." Selected. Educate the masses. Te&eh men to use their best judgment. Teach them '.o make as few mistakes as possible. Teach them to keep down all wrangling within their ranks. Teach them to work together in har mony. Teach them to be patient and not expect too much in too ehort a time. Teach them that large bodies move slowly, and that it takes time to bring about great reforms. Climax .Advocate. In the United States 13 per cent, of the population, by the liberal use of false statements, trickery, chican ery, . thieving and villainous class legislation, and by bribery of legis'.a tors, governors and judges, have al ready concentrated 85 per cent, of the wealth of the country in their hande, and it is estimated by competent etatisticians that the remaining lo per .cent, will surely follow within five years. National Yvv;. Those people "who find fault with the Alliance plan for Sub-Treasuries, and are profuse in their abuse and ridicule of it never offer anvthinc in its stead. They simply mean they do not find f ault with the plan as plan, but oppose it because it is the plan suggested and adopted by Alliance. They would oppose anything on earth that would inure to the benefit of the farmers, -and take them out of the hands of speculators and monopolists. Southern Alliance Farmer. Rome test her republic and the people their liberty, when 2 per cent, of her population, by treachery, trick ery and crime, succeeded in grasping 95 per cent, of the wealth of the peo people. This was accomplished by means of corporations. With these villainous legal fictions as his prede cessors and coadjutors, it became easy for Caesar to trample upon the rights and liberties of the eoramon people and force monarchy, despotism and ruin upon the citizens of Rome and the world. National View. The government loaned the Pacific railroads $130,000,000 on which it does not collect interest, and gave t em $50,000,000 worth of lands ; it loans the national banks $60,000,000 without interest, but a great many people seem to think it unreasonable to Joan- -hp. pocp'e the men who TO Q 1 1 TT onnnnrt tho rrrwrnynm nn4- I money at one or two per cent, on real estate. Most of our legislators and officials at Washington are better ac quainted with millionairs bankers and railroad bunco steerers than they are with the farmer. Acquaintanceship makes all the difference in the world don't cher know. Concordia Times. The farmers with their splendid or ganizations can be masters of the situation. All they need to do is to assert themselves, demand the rights, and their demands must be consid ered. Already politicians are seeking to throw dust in the f armerst eyes, the railroads are capturing boards of trade wherever they can, and from now until the day of election the politicians will endeavor to coax, tease or brow beat the farmers into line. They have all sorts of games to spring, and this year they will do more than ever before. Exchange. The farmer does not want the earth, but he 'does want a living show upon it. in order to have it, the boards of trade must go down, railroad monopo lists be taught that there are othr people in this country as powerful ;i5 they are, the governmen'. so adjust the tariff that all are equally protected and also pass the loan bill. With such help as this the farmer would get on his feet once more and hard times be a thing of the past. The Patrons or' Industry number over 100,000 in this State. The prospects for a State brinch of the Farmers' League are bright Charles A. Bullard Wash tenavj county, Mich. LETTER FROM LINCOLN COUNTY. Mr. Editor: This Alliance was organized about eighteen months ago and has vnade slow but steady progress during that time, numbering at pres ent abou: fifty members, male and female; made up of good material, in deed some of the best citizens of Lin coln county are members of this Alli ance. We meet five miles west of Lincolnton for the transaction or busi ness. Th Alliance ii in good work ing order, adhering strictly to Alii ance prir,-vrJes, having contributed to the business agency fund; doing business on a cash basis. We bought our guano through the State Business Agent, paying cash for the same, the Alliance loaning money to those who did not have the ready cash on hand to pay for it. Our members are read ing and thinking people. They read The Progressive Farmer and Nation. at Economist, keeping up with the grand movement throughout the United States. They think for them selves and go into nothing blindly, as is frequently demonstrated in our meetings when a matter is to be voted on; for instance, at our last meeting the demands of the National Alliance and Industrial Union came up for action. Every feature must be dis cussed and thoroughly understood, but when the vote was taken it was unanimously in favor of said de mands. We are in favor of the Sub-Treasury bill and I am getting up a peti tion asking the passage of said bill, but for fear of that dread fnl waste basket, I had better stop writing for this time. Wm. H. Hoover. Crouse, N. C, May 5, 1890. Sassafras Fork Alliance, No. 591, Granville Co., N. C. Whereas, The approach of con ven tions to nominate candidates for Con gress from the 1ifferent districts of the State will be held in the near future, and being cognizant of the fact that it is in direct violation of Alliance principles t be swayed or influenced by party or o endorse for candidates persons whose interest we believe to be antagonistic to ours, therefore be it Resolved, That we wish to be placed on record as favoring a man as de scribed by Old Fogy, who will carry out our wishes and who has always been interested in the welfare of laborer and farmer. Resolved, That we will not support a candidate who is interested in rail roads, trusts, B. and L. Associations, or dealer in futures. Resolved, That when the time comes we will select such a man as Z. B. Vance, L. L. Polk, S. B. Alexander, Elias Carr, McClammy, W. J. Green, and last but not least, Old Fogy. Resolved, That this district can and will furnish such a one when the proper time comes, and that we ask all Alliances in the 5th district to stand by us. Re olved, That the above he set to the Oxford Ledgtr and Progressive Farmer with request to publish. S. J. Cdbrix, Frs. R. A. Gill, Sec'y. NEW INDUSTRIES. Enterprises of Various Kinds lo le Put in Operation and Things Likely to le Done at an Early Day Rip Van Winkle Cannot Stay in the Old North State. Manufacturers' Record. Wadesboro The establishment of a cotton factory is talked of. Walnut Cove J. C. Bailey con templates erecting a saw mill. Goldsboro The establishment of a knitting mill is contemplated. Murphy Taylor & Murphy will probably develop marble quaries. Durham A. B. Matthews contem plates erecting a canning factory. Fayeteville N. B. Alexander will establish a planing mill, it is reported. Lowesville J. G. Morrison & Co. are reported as to start a cotton fac tory near Lowesville. Murphy A. A. Campbell contem plates adding a chair factory to his saw and planing mills. Polloks ville G. T. Farnell, of Bayboro, contemplates erecting a can ing factory at Polloksville. Murphy The Notla Consolidated Marble, Iron & Talc Co. is erecting a talc mill at its marble plant. Scotland Neck The Scotland N"eck Cotton Manufacturing Co. ha3 de cided to put in knitting machinery. Hamilton Frank Hitch is putting a band mill and a 40-inch gang mill in his saw mill, reported in last issue. Charlotte C. W. Wynn will or ganize a company, it is reported, for the manufacture of ice cream freezers. Fayetteville Daight k Co., of Wilmington, Del., -are reported as to establish a planing mill at Fayette ville. Murfreesboro It is stated that E. C. Worrell has invented and will manufacture an improved cotton planter. Murphy The Blue Ridge Marble Co., of Nelson, Ga., is prospecting with a view to the erection of a mar ble mill. Salisbury The Salisbury Gas and Electric Light Co. will probably erect the electric light plant previously mentioned. Murphy J. T. Williams & Co., of Easton, Pa., are arranging to mine and manufacture talc five miles south of Murphy. Lexington The North Carolina Smelting Co. has applied for authority to increase its capital stock from $50,- 600 to $75,000. Thomasville The .Silver Valley Mining Co. is reported as about to re sume work at its mines. A. Leach is general manager. Murphy The Standard Marble Co. will erect a large marble mill ten miles south of Murphy on property recently purchased. Winston P. H. Hanes & Co. have let the cu tract, it is reported, for their new tobacco factory, to be six stories, 200x114 feet. Winston A local company is ne gotiating, it is reported, for the pur chase of the rock qmrry on the B R. Webster property near Winston. Charlotti The city has decided to issue the $75,000 of bonds for street improvements recently mentioned. The mayor can give information. Oxford The Oxford Land & Im provement Co, has been organized to 600 acre? of land in and around Ox ford. The capital stock is $150,000. Reid3ville The Reidsville cotton mills, mentioned in last issue, did not increase capital stock, but will build an addition, 50x60 feet, to its factory. Greensboro The Greensboro Cot ton Mills Co. has let contract for the building: of its cotton mill, 78x200 feet, to Watson & Cecil, of Lexing ton, Va. Wilmin s:ton The Wilmington Cot ton Mills Co. recently reported as to add 2,500 spindles to its mill, has de cided to increase its capital stock to $150,000. Salisbury It is reported that ar rangements are being made to increase the capacity of the mining plant of the Hem by mine. J. P. Wiswell is in charge. Hickory -The Novelty Wood Works has been established by J. B. Beard. H. C. Lutta and others to erect and operate the wood working factory re cently mentioned. Asheville The contract to furnish 60 arc lights of 2,000 candle power each to light the cuy has been let to L. M. CoXl of Washington, D4 C, St $5,000 per annum. Raleigh R. T. Gray is president, an i J. M. Broughton. secretary, o of the Raleigh Real Estate Co., ro ported in last issue as chartered. Th capital stock is $10,000. Waynesvilie Sealed proposals w2S. be received by the commissioners of Haywood county until Juie 2, 189Q, for the construction of two piers for an iron bridge to be built across tSe Pigeon river. Asheville E. F. Kizer, of Monroe ton, Pa., write3 in reference to the re port of the removal of his chair fac tory to Asheville, that he will locate: in North Carolina, and probably itt the western part. WEEKLY WEATHER CROP BUL LETIN For the Week Ending Friday, May 2d, 1890. Central Office, Raleigh, N. C The reports of correspondents of tho Crop Bulletin for the week ending Friday, May 2d. 1390, show that the weather has been quite favorable for crops and farm work, and every day has been a busy one for tho farmers. The temperature has been about the average or slihly above, the maxi mum during the week ranging as high as 86 degrees; the genial warmth and abundant sunshine causing crops to make rapid progress. The rain-fajl has been utticient. though light show ers have fallen early in the week, only the surface of the soil has been moist ened. A3 yet no positive injury is re ported on account of the dryness, but rain is beginning to be desired every where, being specially needed to bring: up lately planted cotton. May is generally t;ie driest mortii of the year, as the average weekly rainfall for the State is only '".85 inches, & wise dispensation, for excessive rains at this season would be particularly injurious. The probabilities a o that copious showers will occur during the coming week. The weather ha.3 t-eeu so favorable for farm work, thai the corn, crop is probably entirely planted, and the planting of cotton well to wards completion. Corn has come up well, in many places is ready for the first plowing, and a good stand is re ported. Cotton planted early is also doing well, and timely rains wil bring up later plantings. The iiiest have had less injurious effect on to bacco plants than last week, anf though good plants are scarce iu places, an average crop may be sqU Gardens aro a little backward for want of sufficient moisture, only vege tables and fruit suffering somewhat. Wheat and oats do not show much improvement. Red rust is reported on wheat blades in a few places. Spring oatn seem to be doing better than winter oats - in Johnston county. Grains srnd grasses, a3 well as other crops, will be benefited by light rains. Eastern District. The rain-fall in this district has been below the aver age, but !igbt showers fell near the coast on the 27tb, 28th and 29th. Gardens especially need rain. The temperature was slightly above the average with plenty of sunshine, 80 that crops are generally doing well. Central Distr-'ct, Rain.fall below the average, temperature slightly above with abundant sunshine made a most favorable week for planting; rain is needed for young corn and cotton, and to bring up cotton planted late. Only one unfavorable report wa3 received out of twenty -fiv.e. Planting corn finished, except in 00 torn land 3; planting cotton will be completed next week. Tobacco plants are growing fast and looking pretty wed. An average crop will very likely .be set. Reports concerning winter wheat and oats are too diver sified to enable a general statement of their condition to be made. Western District. The temperature was about the average with plenty of sunshine. Rain fall deficient, except light shower.3 in Rowan, Iredell and McDowell, and extreme western counties. No crops suffer particular ly for the iack of rain though all would be benefited. Wheat and oata seem to be doing, fairly well. Rust on weat bFades is reported ia some p!acs in this district. Corn beiriir worked the Srot time. H. B. Battle, Pn D., Director. C. vox . Hebbmann, Signal Corps, Assistant. The mulch applied as a winter pro ection to trees or p'ants should be re moved and the soil stirred in order to induce a vigorous thrifty growth.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
May 27, 1890, edition 1
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