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3 THE INDUSTRIAL AHD EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OP OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OP STATE POLICY. .21 RALEIGH, N. C, JUNE 3, 1890. Vol. 5. No. 17 THE NATIONAL FARMERS' AL LIANCE AND INDUSTKIAJ 'J UNION. President L. L. Polk, North Carolina. Address, 511 9th St.,N. W, Washington, D. C. Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cam bridge, Kansas. Secretary J. H. Turner, Georgia. Ad dress, oil 9th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Treasurer W. H, Hickman, Puxico, ilissouri. Lecturer Ben Terrell, Texas. EXECUTIVE BOARD. C. W. Macune, Washington, D. C. Alonzo Wardall, Huron, South Dakota. J. F. Tillman, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIARY. R. C. Patty, Macon, Mississippi. Isaac McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. Evan Jones, Dublin, Texas. SfHTH CAROLINA FARMER8' STATE ALLIANCE. President Elias Carr, Old Sparta, .0. Vice-President A. H. Hayes, Bird- u-wn, N. C. Secretary E. C. BeddingOeld, Raleigh, N. C. Treasurer J. D. Allen, Falls, N. C. lecturer Thos. B. Long, Asheville, Assistant Lecturer R. B. Hunter, Char- iotte, N. C. Chaplain J. J. Scott, Alfordsville, Door Keeper W. H. Tomlinson, Fay- -tieville, N. C. Assistant Door Keeper H. E. King, Peanut. N. C. Sergeant-at-Arms J. S. Holt, Chalk !rel, N. C. State Business Agent W. H. Worth, Kleisrh. N. C. i'rustee Business Agency Fund W. A. Graham, Machpelah, N. C tEOUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CARO LINA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE. S. B. Alexander, Chariot e, N. C, Chair nan; J. M. Mewborne, Kinston N. C; J. S. Johnston, Kuffin, J. u THE FARMERS' ALLIANCE AND PROHIBITION AGAIN. X Mud Ijick, isi. u. Mb. Editor: I was very much gratified on seeing a communication to The Progressive Farmer from Glenola, N. C., entitled " The Farm ers' Alliance and Prohibition," and for fear that our brother may think he is almost alone in this matter, I would inform him that a great many of our people entertain the same opinion. We have not far from three hundred voters at my piecinct, and of that number not far fro-n on3-third will give a hearty amen to every sen tence of it. We have been told again and again by the Alliance papers and Alliance lecturers that the only remedy for the suppression of trusts and monopolies is in the ballot-box, and i am very sorry to say that neither of them, so far as I know, have ever told the people that that same remedy will suppress the greatest of all monopo lies the liquor traffic. Why " whip the devil around the stump ?" Why not teach the people of the grea'er as well as the lesser ot ruinous monopo lies ? Why not some of our Alliance organs lay bare in some of its editori als the effects of the liquor traffic upon the laborers of this country ? 1 stated in the start that not far from one-third of our voters cast their votes for the prohibition of the liquor traffic, and it should be more than that, but even that is far better (L do no; say it boastingly) than any other precinct in our county does. Tne people of this immediate vicin ity have for more than fifty years been educated through temperance organizations into the principles of temperauce and prohibition, and I can assert without fear of contradic tion thai; no part of old Chatham can boast of a section so free from debt and where mortgages are so few. Now doubtless somebody will say that 1 am trying to ' blow " my part of the county, but 1 am not. I am jus; sim ply trying to show to the readers of The Progressive Farmrr that we at tribute our bemg out o; debt and the circumstances of our people mainly to their adherence to their temperance principles. Not a saloon can be found with:n our township. It is said that in order to carry successfully into -effect any undertak ing of public interest, it must first be agita'ed among the people, then the people must be concentrated, and then they must be consecrated to its work. Through tbe influence of Alliance papers the people have been educated in a great many matters of interest until they are united. But I am sorry to say that this greatest of American curses has had no place in their col umns. Now, what is the general opinion of an individual or individuals knowing of an evil and knowing too of the extent of that evil, and yet re fusing to tell those ignorant of such ? Most assuredly he is put down as a silent partner ofthatevil. ' Oh, well,'' says some ore, " T pray often for tne prohibition of that awful curse lnat reminds us of the old negro's prayer: uO Lord, do send dis nigger a pig an d a chicken. ' ' He prayed this prayer night after night, and it was not an svered. He then said, "O, Lord I'll jest change dis prayer a little;" and he prayed after this fashion: "O Lord, you jest send dis nigger a'ter dat pig and dat chicken: den day will come." So if the people would have this evil stopped, they must not only pray for, but go after it, and then it will come. W. WHAT IS THE USE OF AN EX- PERIMENT STATION? To benefit the agricultural industry. How can it do this ? To bear the expense and to conduct work which will be useful to enter prising farmers. Many of these often iesire to investigate for themselves but are prevented by expense and lack of facilities. At an experiment station are employed scientific and practical men who, with every facility, devote their time in investigating agricultural subjects. What are these subjects ? How can farming be made to pay ? How can we improve our worn soils at a minimum expense ? How should certain soils be fertilized to yield the best crop ? How can waste products be saved and utilized ? Can new plants be advantageously grown ? The value of certain foods for cattle. The best grasses for certain soils. The dairy industry. The value of ensilage. A study of the diseases and insects affecting crops and the best methods to prevent their ravages. To determ ine the best varieties of grasses, fruits find vegetables for the highest mar kets. These and a score of kindred subjects. How long will it take to reach these conclusions ? Answers should not be expected in a short time. In many cases several seasons of careful work will be neces sary. In the meantime the station seeks to disseminate valuable facts and truths which will enable farmers to make and save money. Is the North Carolina Station at Raleigh doing all this ? Yes, and in addition through the fertilizer control it protects farmers from the fraud in the sale of fertili ze. In this way it has already saved them millions of dollars. In answer ing correspondents, it is always ready to give the best advice it can on agri cultural subjects. Djes the s:ation print the result of its work ? Yes. It Issues frequent bulletins, and an annual report. These are all free to those who request them. By valuable co operation of the press of the S ate, notes of the work of the stat on are printed in their columns from time to time. H. B Battle, Experiment Station, Raleigh. FSOM PAMLICO COUNTY. Mr. Editor: The Alliance cause is forging ahead in Pamlico with a fixed and steady purpose. The busi ness agency is booming and supplies are cheap enough if we had an equiva lent circulating medium to handle them with. As our State Alliance meets in August, and there is but one more regular county meeting intervening, and in some sections only one or two su '-meetings before :he county meet ing, let me make a suggestion. Suppose each Sub Alliance at its next regular meeting appoint a com mittee on the State Constitution, and let them give every article especial consideration and recommend any amendment deemed necessary for the betterment of the Alliance- Let their reports go up to the July meeting of the ' ounty Alliances in order that 'he delegites to the State Alliance be informed or instructed how to act in case of the usual multitude of motions to alter or amend said constitution. This would save much valuable time and many rhetorical explosions might be turned into other interesting subjects. We work for the success of The I Roqressive Farmer for that means success to the Alliance, and that means success to honest government and a happy people. J. F. Brinsox. Just bear in mind that a "whole brood " of the Union Labor men in fest Brovn county. And what is better a snowplow could not butt them off the track. Home Rule. NUTS TO CRACK AT THE FARM ER'S FIRESIDE. The advent of the plow in politics will be quite harrowing to many of the politicians. Exchange. Support the paper which is out spoken for you. No "please-all" policy for us, if you please. Hom Rule. u What the people of Kansas want," said a prominent and veteran anti monopolist and Alliance man to us recently, "is not a union labor, nor Alliance party, but a people's pirty, one that will represent the masses and modern ideas, and I think the people know enough to organize such a party." Railroad officials, bankers, insur auce companies, liquor dealers and other corporations, says an exchange, go boldly into politics and labor and lobby for their men and measures They always meaa business. Bat farmers and workingmen must not meddle with politics. Oh no ! Hands off ! Ex. There is every indication for an other heavy crop in this section this season ; and the farmers are in advance with their work. Now listen for the usual cry of "overproduction," and low prices while thousands of hungry and unemployed aien, women and their children are suffering for the want of it. World of Liberty. Remember, Alliance men, that your enemies are now at work trying to stir up strife among our membership, attempting to blacken the fair names of your chosen leaders. This is done to divide your forces and cripple your influence. Money and corruption go Hand in hand whei the enemy wishes to ru:n yDU. Southern Mercury. We notice with regret that the Journal of Agriculture, St Louis, the official organ of the F. & L. U. of Missouri, is antagonizing the Sub- Ire asnry plan endorsed by the N. F. A. & L. U. last December. It is strange that a member of the order thinks he has more sense than the whole body combined. Ky. Labor Journal. It is rather amusing to hear the pin-feather politicians snarling at the Alliance for being a secret organiza tion which proposes to support its friends for office. To hear some fel lows around town mourn over this, you would suppose that they regarded a secret society with holy honor, but at the same time the ones that croak the loudest are probably members of two or three lodges. Woonsocket News. Judge Miller, of the United States Supreme Cour;, ha3 decided that the State of California cannot prosecute Nagle for the killing of Judge Terry. He places the decision upon the right of the United States judges and officials to authorize a killing in advance. A power kings never had. It is to be hoped that under this new power the Chief Justice will order the killing of several of his associates at an early day. Exchange. "We're going to watch the pri maries in the old parties," say some Alliance members. . Why not take hold like men and run the primaries ? If you do not, you, had as well stay at bo-ne for all the good you will accom plish, for while you are watching, the politicians, through their thimble riggers and whippersin will steal you blind. In the primaries and caucuses is where the devnment be gins, and it is there, of ill places, the people want to take ho!d. Laborers' T nbune. The national banks, after enjoying for years immense profits from the favors of government, have retired in a few years $2,000,000 of their cur reney, because, as they say, it is more profitable to sell the bonds at a h'gh premium than to continue their circu lation. A beautiful system this, which throws the entire country into distress by a contraction of the currency be cause such a course is more profitable. Take away all power over the cur rency from the banks. Missouri World. The Maryland Farmer, referring to Secretary Rusk, truly says: "This paper does not mee', general approba tion by any means. The attempt to make farmers believe that, by paying a few hundred million . more in tariff duties than they are already stagger ing under, they may save about twenty five millions towards meeting a part of the interest they are paying on their mortgaged farms, is sorry affair. And this in fact is all that it amounts to. He virtually say's: Farm ers must dress poorer, work harder, sell off what little comforts they have, make slaves and beasts of burden of their wives and daughters, and give ev-ry cent to enrich manu facturers, pay government paupers their two hundred millions annually and enable their rulers to squander by wholesale untold millions on all kinds of useless and -uncalled-for ex travagance."' The farmers that is, the members of the Alliance are different irom what they used to be. They don't talk. Try to pump them about their political plans, and you will find your self doing all the talking. There's a uew spirit abroad among them. WThip them back in the traces before elec tion V Not this year. They may be enticed back, but they are in no mood for the party lash. There seems to be two elements in the Alliance, one for making it a political machine and the other for awaiting developments In How ird county the political fac tion started a paper and tried to have it endoised as the mouthpiece of she :ounty organization. The conserva tive element squelched the scheme. That's a straw. Omaha Repuhlican. COUNTING THE PEOPLE. Some of the Inquiries to be Made by the Census Enumerators in June. The Eleventh Censu3 of the United States will be taken during the month of -. June. The census enumerators will begin their work on Monday, June 2d. and will visit every house and ask questions concerning every person and every family in the United States. The questions that will be asked call for the name of every per son residing in the United Scates on the first day of June, with their sex and age, and whether wmte, black, mulatto, quadroon, octoroon, or Chi nese, Japanese, or Indian. Inquiry will be made also of every person as to whether they are single, married, widowed, or divorced, and, if mar ried, whether married during the cen sus ypftr. The place of birth of each person, and the place of birth of the father and mother of each person, will also be called for, as well as a statement as to the profession, trade, or occupation followed and the nura bea of months unemployed during the census year. For all persons ten years of age or over a return must be made by the enumerator as :o the number able to read and write, an l also the number jvho can speak Eng lish. For those who cannot speak English the particular language or dialect spoken by them will be ascer tained. For children of school age, also, the number of months they at tended school will be recorded by the census enumerators. In the case of mothers an inquiry will be made as to the number of children they have had, and the number of these children living at the present time. This in quiry is to be made of all women who are or have been married, including all who are widows or have been divorced. Foreign born males of adult age, that is, 21 years of ago or over, will be asked as to the number of years they have been in the United Sta es, and whether they are naturalized or have taken out naturalization papers. Of the head of each family visited the question will be asked as to the num ber of persons in the family, and whether his home is owned or hired; also, if owned, whether the home is free from mortgage incumbrance. If the head of the family is a farmer, similar inquiries will be made concern ing the ownership of the farn. In addition to these inquiries, all of whi:h are made on the population schedule, the law under which the census is taken makes provision for special inquiries concerning such of the population as may be mentaUy or physically defective in any respect, r,hat is, insane, feeble minded, deaf, blind or crippled, or who may be te mporarily disabled by sickness, dis ease or accident at the time ot the enumerator's visit. Certain special inquiries will also be made concerning inmates of prisons and reformatories and of charitable and benevolent in stitutions. Besides this, a statement will be called for concerning all per sons who have died during the census year, giving their name, age sex, oc cupation, and cause of death. This official count of the people comes but once in ten years, and every family and every person should consider it to be their duty to answer the questions of the census enumera tors willingly and promptly, so that definite and accurate information may be gained concerning the 65,000,000 people 1 ving within the bounds of this great country. The secret of large yields is rich soil, good seed and thorough tillage. NEW INDUSTRIES. Enterprises of Various Kinds to be Put in Operation and Things Likely to be D.ne at an Early Day Rip Van Winkle Cannot Stay in the Old Not th State. Manufacturers' Record. Burgaw J. T. Johnson will erect a canning factory. Salisbury J. D. McNeely will oper ate wool-carding mach nery. Warrenton Mr. Bonner is reported as about to start a canning factory. Durham A. B. Matthews will erect the :anning factory reported in las', issue. Hookerton Heath & Co. will put planing machinery in their saw mill at Griffton. Mt Holly The Mt. Holly Mil!s contemplates the ere ction of an electric light plant. Westfield S. C. Heigh way will erect, it is reported, a saw mill at head of Nantahala river. Monroe The Farmers' Alliance is considering the establishment of a cotton-seed oil mill. Mt. Holly A new cotton mill, to be known as the Albion Cottoa Mills, is in course of erection. Mount Olive Landon & Edwards are reported as erecting a turpentine distillery near Boykin's Bridge. Mt. Holly -A. P. Rhyne & Co. contemplates putting some additional machinery in their cotton factory. Kinston A stock company is to be organized to erect a knitt.ng factory. J. F. Taylor can give particulars. Statesville A Northern capitalists, it is reported, has purchased a site and will erect a $60,000 cotton mill. Durham The R. F. Morris k Son Manufacturing Co. is putting addi tional machinery in its snuff factory. Fayette ville N. B. Alexander will establish a planing mill, as reported in last issue ; also operate a box factory. Iredell County Northern capital ists have purchased, it is reported, a granite quarry and will develop the same. Statesville The city has a proposi tion for the construction of water works to be operated upon the rental system. Lenoir Stone & Kays are reported as to erect a planing mill with a capacity of 10 M feet per day ; also a dry-kiln. Maiden H. F. Carpenter, Sons dz Co. are putting 1,040 spindles in tneir cotton mill and may add an electric light plant. Lenoir W. H. Powell & Co. have started a factory, it is reported, to manufacture wire mattresses and poul try coops. Wadesborouh G. W. Huntly and others are organizing a stoc' com pany to build the cotton mill men tioned in last issue. Winston An election will tike plac? on June 17, 1890, to decide upon the issuance of $200,000 of bonds for city improvements. Durham Wortham, Warren & Co. purchased the Durham Sash, Door & Blind Factory, as lately stated, and ordered new machinery. Morgan ton T. J. Giilam will re ceive proposals for the electric light plant recently mentioned as to be erected, unril June 1, 1S90. Spout Springs W. J. McDiarmid & Bro. will rebuild at once their saw and planing mills and dry kiln, re ported in last issue as burned. Tar River The Tar River Mills is erecting, it is reported, a dry-kiln 100x20 feet with a ca -acity for dry ing 10M feet of lumber p?r day. Flat Creek Natt Atkinson, J. C. Eller and W. T. Reynolds have optioned, it is reported, 2.000 acre of land near Flat Creek for $100,000. Kinsey The Notla Consolidated Marble, Iron & Talc Co., mentioned ia last issue (under Murphy) as erect ing a talc mill, is located in Kinsey. Wilmintoa- -F. L. Brown is re portei as purchasing 12 acres of land on which to erect a manufacturing plant to cost between $40,000 and $50,000. Winston P. H. Hanes & Co. let contract to Miller Bros., as stated in Ust issue, for ther new factory. This is the factory previously reported as to be erected" in the spring. . Oxford The officers of the Oxford Land. Improvement k Manufacturing Co., mentioned in last issue as organ ized, are W. E. Owen, South Boston, president ; W. C. Reed, secretary. It will expend $150,000 in developing its property, and inducements will be extended to Northern Manufacturers, with two or three of whom negotia tions are now pending. Pittsboro E. L. Haughton, pre viously reported as to erect a flour and grist mill, has finished the same and will put in roller machinery with a capacity of 40 barrels per day. Liberty Hugh and T. C. Dixon w.ll remove their foundry, it is re ported, from Snow Camp to Liberty, where, with local parties, they have organized a company to manuiacture railroad cars. Salem The contract for paving the streets of Salem has been let, it is stated, to McGalliard & Meslin, who have purchased a granite quarry on the Dan river, the pavement to be of North Carolina granite. Durham The Farmers' Alliance, recently mentioned as to establish a tobacco factory in Durham, have se cured the removal of the Meadows Tobacco Co. from Oxford, and will organize under the name of the Dur ham Farmers' Alliance Manufactur ing Co. Monbo The Long Island Cotton Mill, formerly operated by, James Br wn, has oeen incorporated with a capital stock of $35,000 by G. H. Brown and J. S. Ramsay, ot States ville, and James Brown. The com pany will add 1,000 spindles with necessary machinery, and an electric light plant. WHY IS IT? Why is it that newspapers that claim to be friends of the farmers will persist in shutting their eyes to the real condition the farmer is in ? Why is it that newspapers that ought to be friendly to the farmer, persist in saying that there is as much money in circulation as there has been for many years and that the financial policy of our country is all right ? Why is it that United States Sen ators who have opportunities for knowing the truth of the matter, have admitted on the floor of the U. S. Senate that we have less money in circulation now than for 20 years, if it is not true ? Why is it that this class of newspa pers who profess great love for the farmers, yet never speak favorably of the organization known as the Alli ance ? Why is it that this class of newspa pers always have a kind word for railroad and national banks, but never commend anything that their party leaders do not stand up for ? Why is it they do not attack prin ciples and prove them false if they are not f ounded on justice ? Why ds no!i these newspapers tell us poor, plain farmers why the gov ernment would not be just as well off if greenbacks were issued to the amount of the bonds and save us the interest thereon ? Why is it that lawyers and bankers know more about the farmers' condi tion than the farmers them3elveis? Why is it that farmers would not make better Congressmen for farmers than other professions would ? Ax Enquiring Farmer. MR. BEDDINGFIELD AT WIL SON. Some diys ago E. C. Bedding field, Esq.. Secretary of the North Carolina Farmers' State Alliance, de livered an address at the Wilson County Cattle Show on " Alliance Education.7' T, e Advance prints Mr. Beddingfield's sp.?n-ch in full. It is an excellent speech whether we have regard to sentiment, style or rhetoric. It was sound, and greatly pleased the goo 1 people who heard it. Referring to the speech and the speaker, the Advance says: 44 Mr. Beddingfield is Secretary of the Farmers' Alliance in Ncrth Caro lina, and what he says carries weight with it. He is a man of character, good judgment and patriotism. Hi3 influence will always be exerted for the upbuilding of the order that has honored him and itself by making him its Secretary and for the be3t interest of the State he loves so well. He is of the people having come from the lowly walks of life, and, we believe, is destined to become one of the most useful men in the State. We hope every reader of this paper will read his speech. It will do you good. He preaches the best of dos trine, and we say to him, God speed you in your work. State Chronicle. 21th. Do not risk your success on a single crop, or in other words, do not put all your eggs into one basket.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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June 3, 1890, edition 1
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