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V Vol. 5. RALEIGH, N. C, SEPTEMBER 16, 1890. No. 32 THE NATIONAL FARMERS' AL LIANCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION. President L. L. Polk, North Carolina. Address, 511 9th St.,N. Washington, D C Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cain bridge, Kansas. Secretary J. H. Turner, Georgia. Ad dress, 511 9th St., N. W., Washington, Treasurer W. H. Hickman, Puxico, Missouri. Lecturer Ben Terrell, Texas. EXECUTIVE BOARD. C. W. Macune, Washington, D. C. Alonzo Wardall, Huron, South Dakota. J. F. Tillman, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIARY. K. 0. Patty, Macon, Mississippi. , Isaac McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. Evan Jones, Dublin, Texas. N JETH CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE. President Elias Carr, Old Sparta, tf.C. Vice-President A. H. Hayes, Bird town, N. C. . Secretary E. C. Beddingfield, Raleigh, N C Treasurer J. D. Allen, Falls, N. C. Lecturer Thos. B. Long, Asheville, N. C. TT Assistant Lecturer R. B. Hunter, Huntersvilla, N. C. Chaplain S. J. Veach, Warsaw, N. C. Door Keeper W. H. Tomlinson, Fay s', -.eville, N. C. Assistant Door Keeper H. E. King, Peanut, N. C. Sergeant-at- Arms J. S. Holt, Chalk Love!, N. C. State Business Agent W. H. Worth, Raleigh, N. C. Trustee Business Agency Fund W. A. Graham, Machpelah, N. C. I1JCUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CARO LINA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE. S. B. Alexander, Charlotle, N. 0., Chair ,;an; J. M. Mewborne, Kinston N. C; J. S. Johnston, Ruffin. N. C. UNCONSTITUTIONALITY. OLD FOGY. Of late, selfish partisans have used the word chosen for a caption with great flippancy. These are constitu tional cranks. Some there are who talk about the unconstitutionality of questions for the purpose of making the people believe that they ire very wise. Others use it with a view of drawing the pirty lines around mem bers who have no opinions of their own. The Constitution of the United States' is an American's political creed. Just as good men have dif fered in relation to the teachings of our Saviour, resulting in the organi zation of hundreds of denominations, so good men have differed and will ever differ about the meaning of the Constitution. State and Federal courts have re versed their own decisions. The Su preme Court has reversed itself. In nearly every case there are dissenting opinions in the Supreme Court. Congress, or Congressmen, have no power to act on constitutional ques tions. Members of Congress are sworn to support the Constitution, and in it it is provided that the Supreme Court is a co ordinate depart ment of our government. The Su preme Court settles the constitution, ality of laws, Congress does not. Each member swears to support the Constitution, not as he understands it, but as it is, and the Supreme Court decides this is. A member of Con gress has no more right to act as" a judge of constitutional questions than has a jury in a petty case the right to decide the constitutionality of a State law. Constitutional questions arose im mediately after the adoption of our Constitution. Some of these questions were so important that the people were led to amend it. Prior to 1800 the constitutionality of appropriations for light-houses were questioned. Jefferson doubted, but finally wrote: " The utility of things has sactioned the infraction." JeSerson held the building of piers in the Delaware un constitutional. Since then we have built piers, breakwaters, cleared streams of obstructions, dredged creeks, built machinery, erected levees, aided railroads and built warehouses. We are now, at this writing, allowing speculators to store goods in these warehouses to avoid the payment of the tariff tax until they want to - use them, they in turn getting money ad vanced on them, and all for the benefit of the speculator. We allow, because it is the law, the distiller to store whiskey for three years, and in the desire to aid the rich, we rebate to hmi all losses by evaporation, and yet Jhe poor man that distills whiskey or brandy must pay the tax within 30 aays and the poor man bears his own loss by evaporation. How many members of Congress that talk about "unconstitutionality" have endeavored to place the poor and the rich on the same plane ? O ily a few days ago a bonded warehouse was burned and the government lost thou sands of dollars in taxes. Indeed, the government had paid its officers for guaging, paid its storekeepers for watching the distiller and the ware house, yet this is all right as Mr. Car lisle's friends are interested in this scheme. Oar mountain distillers must pay the last cent of taxes within 30 days or their little stills are seized. Great is the mystery of Congress as manifested towards corporations. We hayseeders have charged that laws that relate to business interests in which the wealthy engage are modified to be to their advantage and discriminations made against the poor. How many letters on the constitution ality of these laws have our members in Congress written ? Prior to 1860 both the Democratic and Republican parties clamored for a Pacific railroad and finally inserted these demands in a platform. Con gress gave away millions of acres of land that the people had bought to railroads. To these corporations we advanced money and credit, and yet these constitutional tattlers talk as if the G. O. P. alone was guilty. A Re publican Congress did pass the laws but both parties had demanded it. The Congress was made Republican by the Democrats withdrawing. So far as 'the constitutional ques tion of advancing credit and lands are concerned, both parties stand on an equal footing. The Democratic party of Virginia took the people's money to build turnpikes, canals, etc. In North Carolina we aided and built railroads from our Treasury. We took from all the people their hard earned money and purchased French, Spanish and Russian possessions. We compel th-a same people to pay for the same lands they bought. In all good faith we ask where in the Constitution, if a strict construe tion is desired, is the warrant for buy ing other nation's territory ? We have built great levees for the benefit of private land owners. We have laws for the cleaning of creeks that are not navigable and on whose banks there does not grow enough produce to warrant the running of a line of flat boats, and yet the people's money is used for private gain, and the Record shows that some of our constitutional objectors voted for these appropriations. Congress has voted money for shows, loaned money to fairs. We have stamped out the cat tle plague by national appropriations, we have appropriated money for agri cultural colleges, and all these acts were said to be unconstitutional. It would take up all the space in The Progressive Farmer if I were to give the titles to the bills that are now laws that were said to be uncon stitutional. Our constitutional letter writer is in favor of national banks, but they were said to be unconstitu tional. We are led up to the following: For what are constitutions made? To benefit the people. Who makes or unmakes constitutions ? The peo ple. If, then, the people adopt constitu tions for their orn benefit, the peo pie's will, alone, is higher than the constitution that expresses their will. The people's good should guide all interpretations. If our government was instituted by the people and for the people, if the greatest good to the greatest num ber is Democracy then the people's expressed will is the proper construe tion of the highest law. The people's will is expressed, through the ballot box. If they ex press it as their will that they shall have money at as low rate of interest as banks, if they say they want the same aid extended to them that has been extended to corporations and so express their will, the constitution will then be interpreted by those for whom it was made, by those who have the power to unmake or amend and it will be accepted as good consti tutional law. Men of eminence are exposed to censure on one hand and liable to flat tery on the other. If they receive reproaches which are not due to them they likewise receive praise which they do not deserve. In a word, the man in a high position is never -viewed with an indifferent eye, but is always considered as a friend or an enemy. For this reason men in great stations are seldom seen in their true charac ters until after their eyes are closed in death. Then personal enmities and friendship cease and their virtues and their faults have justice done them. farmers' Friend. NUTS TO CRACK AT THE FARM ER'S FIRESIDE. Press Opinions from Many Sources. Robbery is robbery, whether it is done by law or by a common foot-pad. - Industrial Review. Free trade is simply natural trade. All laws for restrictive or preventive of trade are in contravention of natural laws. Industrial Review. Learn the record of your Congress man on the silver bill and face him with it when he comes home to shake hands with you.- -Iowa Tribune. The fanners of the country make all wealth, but by a system of class legislation they are enabled to retain scarcely enough to keep bdy and soul together. Home Rule. Candidates for Congress this fall in the West who -oppose free coinage will get left " and don't you forget it." The tariff question will cut no figure. It will be free coinage in a free fight. News Reporter, Three Rivers, Mich. We recently discovered why a cer tain proportion of the people of the country can be idleand yet accumu late all the wealth of the country in their hands. It is simply because a fool class allows them to do it. Home Rule. The farmers of the West are very apt to act upon their own impressions and to run things pretty much as they please so far as their votes and influ ence go. They are free men yet, sub ject to the bid and nod of nobody. Colman's Rural World. The vote. on the free coinage bill in the House shows what a happy faculty the Democrats and Republicans mis representatives in Congress have of breaking ranks and helping each other out when the Wall street bosses crack the whip. Chicago Sentinel. The volume of business depends &s much upon prices as upon the qnan tity of commodities produced. As prices go down the volume of business in a country diminishes. Wages go down, labor is thrown out of employ ment and consumption of products restricted. Workman, Dayton, O. There is just this much of the mule about farmers. When once they have set their heads that a certain way is right, they can't driven from it, they can't be scoffed out of it; they can't be bull-doze or ridiculed out of it. It is strange how slow some papers and politicians are to realize this. Cotton Plant. It is now conceded that there will be from 35 to 40 Alliance members elected to the next Congress, and this prospect is confounding the calcula tions of the machine politicians already. And the election returns next fall may show more Alliance members elected than political prophets will now concede. Peninsula Parmer. The farmers want to knov why they have been discriminated against, and while they create seven eights of the wealth and pay directly and indi rectly seven eights of taxes, that they can't borrow $1 from the government while the national bankers can borrow $350,000,0000 to loan to the people at 8 to 20 per cent. Vindicator, Bloom Jield, Mo. The monopolists and money chang ers will keep their hand3 in the farm ers' pocket just as long as the farmers and laboring men permit them to keep their paid attorneys in the legislative halls. You may talk about your de mands and pledges, but it is votes that count, and it is healthy for the gov ernment that you don't forget it. Union Banner. Farmers are putting in a much larger acreage of politics this season than usual. The Farmers' Alliance in Kansas are paying great attention to studying up the best mode of cultiva tion and are very careful in the selec tion of seed. As a general thing they refuse to use. any seed of the crops formerly raised by the old parties be cause they have universally found it mixed with noxious weeds which make the crop unprofitable. World, Ottumwa, Iowa. Puck: "Yep," said the openfaced old Kansan, wishing to impress his Eastern host, "some mighty queer things happen out thar whar I live. Got up one mornin' an' found the blamdest goin' on ever you seed. It was rainin' blood an' flesh an' dust an' stones an' ashes, an' halin' an' thun derin' an' lightnin' all at once. Felt cold an' hot both at thejsame time. The .frogs was just more'n hollerin' an' the pun kins peered to be swearin' blue swet. Wife, she was flustrated. But 1 told her to just rest easy, as I recooed by the signs that Senator In galls nust 'a got home in the nighr, an' learned the opinion the Farmers' Alliance had about him. The only way to accomplish any thing is to determine to do it. Have a plan and stick to it. The deterdiin ation to succeed is the first element of success. Look in the right direction and you will go in the right direction. Y"ou may be driven from your course now and then, but keep the bow of your ship pointing toward the port for which you have started. Determine in vour soul that the ocean of oppo sition must be crossed, and trim your sails so that the winds which try to drive you back will have to help you on your way. Farmers' Friend. AN ALLI ANCE PICNIC IN VIR GINIA. Mr. Editor: By special in vita tion, I had the pleasure of attending an Alliance picnic at Holy Neck, Nansemond county, Va., on the 27th ult. There was at least three thousand people in attendance, gathered under the green foliage of a picturesque beach grove. i On the stand I found Col. Marm. Page, State President, R. Snavely State Lecturer, and John R. Gaflandi Assistant State Lecturer. In the rear of the speakers was the Suffolk Cornet Band, who, after each speech, entertained - us with artistic and melodious music. The exercises of the day were com menced by prayer, after which that wholesouled and patriotic Alliance man, Col Bruce Smith, of Somerton, Va,, introduced Assistant Lecturer, John R. Garland. Mr. Garland's speech was brief but pointed and re plete in argument and facts. When Mr. Garland took his seat, Col. Smith in a neat and well directed little speech, introduced State Lec turer R. Snavely, of Wytheville, Va. Mw4SaaKelyi8--& good, speaker deals in facts and figures, interspersed with anecdotes that will almost make one burst his sides laughing. At the close of Mr. Snively's speech Col. Bruce Smith, who never does things by halves, announced that there was dinner for all, and all were cordially invited to dinner. I had viewed the immense crowd, and I thought to myself the Colonel was mistaken, but when I saw the table, several hundred yards long, loaded to its utmost capacity, not with good things but of the very best, say-what you may about good things, Holy Neck cannot be surpassed. Of the crowd there were at least a thousand of the prettiest and best-dressed ladies I ever beheld. When we have the true and noble women with us we need have no fears. It was a wise provision in our Con st.itution admitting women into the order. Woman's influence exercises a moral influence in all gatherings, which makes itself felt in the attain ments of its objects. A woman of true intelligence is a blessing at home in her circle of friends, and in society; wherever she goes she carries with her a health giving influence. The Alliance in Virginia is going on a boom. They made no mistake when they elected Col. Page. R. Snavely and John R. Garland. They are the right men tor the work. The speakers said we had demands which we think are right and just, which they urged the Alliance to stand firmly by until we get them or something better. May the good work go on in Vir ginia and everywhere until we all can exclaim, " the victory is won and the people are free." John Brady. STICK TO YOUR PARTY. " Stick to your party !" " Don't go into politic 3 !" Yes, stick till the last cow h mort gaged and the sheriff gets the harness onto you, and shows you over the hills to the poor house. Yes, stick until wheat is 25 cents a bushel and corn a nickle. and you are not worth a penny. Yes, stick until your children grow old enough to discover that their father voted slavery upon them, and curse you as an idiot. Oh, yes, stick until Pinkerton's army comes to discipline you and make you take your medicine in silence, while in answer to your prayers for relief silver is demonetized, the gold standard established anl the gold shipped to Europe. Stick, boys, until your teeth and hair drop out of their places, arid still rumble out between you? gums praises of the dear old party that made life on earth one long punishment for you and yours. Iowa Iribune. NEW INDUSTRIES. Enterprises of Various Kinds to be Put in Operation and Things Likely to be Djne at an Early Day Rip Van Winkle Cannot Stay in the Old North State. Manufatcurers' Record; Greensboro J J. Phcoaix will, it is reported, sink an oil well. Charlotte The Elliott Furniture Co. expects to increase the capacity of its factory. Charlotte The Messrs. Gee, of Pennsylvania, are reported as to erect a stone mid. Greensboro A. L. Kirkman is re ported as having established a wash board factory. Clinton Stewart & Hines, referred to last week (under Mt. Olive) have added new machinery. Henderson A Richmond (Va) party will erect, it is reported, two factories in Henderson. Greensboro W. H. Cobb has pur chased site and will erect a plug to bacco factory 50x140 feet. Bith Bilrgess & Bro. have secured the contract, it is reported, for the erection of the Bath mills. New Berne The Trent Lumber Mills is reported as having put new machinery in its lumber mill. Tryon City H. R. Goodell, of An niston, Ala., and others, contemplate erecting a wood-finishiog mill. Tarboro The Tarboro oil mills is putting in - new boiler and engine, increasing capacity from 20 to 30 tons. Durham The Pepper Mining Co. has, it is reported, sold to Northern parties their iron properties for $50,000. Raleigh A stock company may be organized to operate the clothing fac tory ol the O ik City Manuf acturin g Company,' ' Wadesboro It is stated' that the Wadesboro cotton mills, recently re ported, has purchased site for its cot ton factory. Greensboro A stock company will probably be organized to sink the oil wells lately mentioned. John J. Phoenix can give particulars. East Durham The Durham Cott ton Manufacturing Co. is putting in three spinning frames, 656 spindles, srhich gives it 9,448 spindles. Elizabeth City The Albemarle Lumber Co. put in additional machin ery, as lately reported, and contem plates adding an electric light plant. Charlotte W. E. Worth & Co., of Wilmington, N C, have selected a site for their ice factory, mentioned in last issue, and will sink an artesian well. Raleigh It is stated that a stock company will be organized to erect another cotton mill. The secretary of the Board of Trade can give informa tion. Durham It is stated that another cotton mill and a knitting mill are projected. The Durham Consolidated Land Improvement Co. can give in formation. New Berne E. H., S. L. J. A. and J. K Meadows have incorporated the E H. & J. A. Meadows Co. to manu facture fertilizers, etc. The capital stock is $36,000. New Berne It is stated that the Northern syndicate lately reported as negotiating for the Daniel Stimson saw and planing mill has purchased same for $50,000. New Berne The New Berne Oyster Canning Factory is reported a erect ing a boiler house, a shucking house 16x160 feet, a warehouse 30x60 feet, and. an office 16x32 feet. Scotland Neck N. A. Gregory, of Oxford, and C. M. Hawkins, of RU eigh, are reported as having purchased the Panacea Springs, including 100 acres of land, for $50,000. Trinity College The machine shop lately reported (under Durham) to be erected at Trinity College, will be 50x70 feet John F. Crowell, presi dent, can give information. New Berne C. T. Watson, Thomas Daniels, J. J. Wolfenden and others have incorporated the Watson Daniels Land Co. to deal in timber lands, etc. The capital stock is $10,000. Winston P. M. Wilson, B. J. Rey nolds, J. L. Patterson and others have organized the North "Winston Land & Improvement Co. with a capital stock of $75,000 to improve land, etc. Durham The Durham Consolidated Land Improvement Co., with a cap ital stock of $1,000,000, has been or ganized with J. S. Carr, president; A. B Andrews, vice president, and R. H. Wright, secretary, and purchased 8 1 5 acres of land in and near Darham. It is stated that the company will im prove its lands at once and construct waterworks. Marion The Western North Caro Una Iron & Stone Mining Co. has been incorporated with B. C. Giden, presi dent, and J. H. Butler, secret iry, to deal in real estate, open a stone quarry, e c. The capital stock is $500,000. Everetts - J. C. and George Mc Naughton, L. A. Con well and L. C. Mans, of Philadelphia, Pa., have in corporated the Martin County Lum ber Co. to deal in timber lands, manu facture lumber, &c. The chapital stock is $100,000. Fayet'.eville The Carolina Machin ery Co. has been organized with A. B. Williams, president; M. H. Russell, general manapo-, and W. S. Cook, secretary, to tsLablish the machine shops mentioned in last issue. The capital stock is $20,000. Charlotte A. T. Schmid is presi dent, T. S. Diffey, superintendent, and R. M. Miller, Jr., secret ry, of the A. T. Schmid Co , lately reported as or ganized to build cotton seed oil mills. The company wiil have offices at Char lotte and Cuero, Texas. Winston The North End Land Co , with a capital stock of $75,000, has been incorporated with R J. Reynolds as president, and J. L. Pat terson, secretary. The company has, it is stated, purchased the Zevely lands of 113 acres and will improve same. RESOLUTIONS PASSED BY MA PLE SWANP ALLIANCE, NO. 482. Whereas, For twenty-five years we have submitted and without dissen tion, followed the guidance and dic tum of our political servants and par tisan press, and without questioning or enquir.Qg into- thernotivea- th& governed and led them, belidving them to be friends, tried and true, and that they would work out our re demption without fear or favor, and that under their benign administration of iaw, our own onerous but honest labors would be amply rewarded with prosperity and plenty, but year after J . , . . . I 1 U place of hope, until povert has provea no longer a myth nor as a g iost, poised in hidden places, but a reality, and has defiantly become an unwelcome guest and our constant companion. Therefore be it Resolved, That the unfair and per verse criticisms upon the Farmers' Alliance and i's organ, The Pkogres sive Farmer, shall not divert or estrange us from our organ or the men who havo the moral courage to learn the right and pursue it. Resolved, Having set our faces upon reform, as true Alliance men, we do not now propose to turn backward or be d riven from the ennobling princi ples and eleviling purposes of the order, nor to destroy our first works by giving recognition and influence t" those who refuse to consider our necessities, with efforts of relief, but would rather cripple and defeat our own efforts of self preservation and emancipation from partisan and mo nopolistic slavery and oppression. Resolved, That Maple Swamp Alii ance, No. 482, does hereby approve and endorse the chief and associate editors of The Progressive Farmer and hereby thank them for the bold and successful defence made in the cause and for the principles of the Al liance, and may they continue to sup port the right and oppose the wrong and justly criticize both men and measures until the last enemy shall be put down; and "equai rights, equal privileges and equal distributions of the products of industry before the law " shall be enthroned upon the altar of righteousness. W. F. Dkaughan, Pres't. Belle Johnson, Sec'y. " Let the mud dry before you try to rub it off," is the advice a wise mother gave to her boy who had soiled his coat, and the more we revolve the remark in our mind the more philoso phic it appears. In attempting to rub off the mud before it dries, we simply rub it deeper into the fibres of the cloth aud cause it to spread over a greater surface. But if we let it dry it comes off quite easily, leaving no stain behind. When men throw mud at up, say ugly things abous us, and scandalize us, we should not be in too much hurry to rub it off. Wait till it has time to dry; till the passion cools, and judgment holds her throne and wield 8 her sceptre, and it will be easy enough to brush it a fray, without leaving mark or stain.-1 aimers Friend. i
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Sept. 16, 1890, edition 1
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