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THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OP OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. RALEIG-H, N. C, OCTOBER 28, 1890. Vol. 5. No. 35 THE NATIONAL FARMERS' AL- LIANCE AMU iwuuo UNION. President L. L. Polk, North Carolina. Address, 511 9th St., N. K., Washington, ' Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cain- "ridce. Kansas. Secretary J. H. Turner, Georgia. Ad Jress 511 9th St., N. W.f Washington, D C Treasurer -W. H. Hickman, Puxico, VCissouri. Lecturer Ben Terrell, Texas. BXICUTIVI BOARD. r W. Macune, Washington, D. C. llonzo Wardall, Huron, South Dakota, j F. Tillman, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIART. sL 0. Patty, Macon, Mississippi, isaac McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. Evan Jones, Dublin, Texas. 32IH CAROLINA TARM1R8' STAT1 ALLIAKCK. President Elias Carr, Old Sparta, XC. Vice-President A. H. Hayes, Bird- wn N C ' Secretary E. 0. Beddingfield, Raleigh, n C Treasurer J. D. Allen, Falls, N. C. Lecturer- Thos. B. Long, Asheville, NT. C. Assistant Lecturer R. B. blunter, Huntersville. N. C. Chaplain S. J. Veach, Warsaw, N C. Door Keeper W. H. Tomlinsou, Fay- oeviiie, N. C. Assistant Door Keeper H. E. King, 'eanut. N. C. 3ergeant-at-Arms ). S Holt, Chalk ..vel,N. C. , State Business Aeent W. IT. Worth, .va!ei?h, N. C. Trustee Business Agency Fund W. A. raham, Machpelah, N. C. iJiCrjTIVB COMMITTEE Of TUB WORTH CARO LINA FARVBRr 8TAT1 ALLIAlfOl. 3. B. Alexander, Chariot e, N. C, cair nin; J. M. Mewborce, Kinston N. : J. S. Johnston. Rufnn. N. C. - A RAILWAY COMMISSION. How it Works in the State of Georgia. A Letter Submitted by " Tne Railroad Commission Club of Buncombe Co." Ferine Consideration of the Pub lic What has been Done V Elsewhere Might be Bone Here. The Railroad Commission Club of Buncombe county, Asheville, N. C, Oct. 7, 1890. Editor of The Citittrr. Herewith find a letter from Hon. L. N. Trammel, Chairman of the Georgia Railroad Commission. We send you this letter as an argument in favor of a railroad commission for North Carolina. We respectfully ask publication of the let ter in The Citizen, and beg to direct particular attention to those parts of the letter that treat of protection of weak roads and the increased value of railroad stock since the establish ment of a commission in Georgia. Yours truly, S. R. Kepleb, President. chairman trammell's letter. June 18, 1890. Hon. T. J. Brown, Sherman, Texas : Dear Sir : In reply to yours of the 31 inst., asking to be informed in reference to th5 workings, effects, in flue ace, etc , etc., of the railroad com-mis-ion in this State, I give you the following statement of facts, without detail or elaboration: The railroad commission of this State was organized October loth, 1879. Its annual cost to the State is $10,000; $2,500 of this sum being ap propriated to each of three commis sioners, $1,500 to a secretary, and $1,000 to advertising, publishing and office expenses. A very large reduction in the charges made by railroads, for freights and passengers, have been made since the organization of the commission in this State. To show this reduction I state that in 1879 the charge made for the transportation of passengers was five cents per mile, whilst the rate now charged is three cents per mile, and to show it in freights I submit the fol lowing table of rates in 1879 and in 1890, taking the Savannah division of the Central Railroad as an example. Rate charged by the Central Rail road Company per 100 pounds: 72 oc i, rr m Kfi ARTICLE. 9 3 3 S3 a a a as a J2 W 22 25 28 48 4b 15 18 22 23 35 40 COttOD 25 SQ 40 40 56 5 Rate allowed by the Railroad Com. mision per 100 pounds: 1 m m t a) no ARTICLES. S3 s 3 ?3 3 gg & S S S S uiuicuoo icuunuuu m cnarget or freight and passengers has been accomplished without injury to the railroads. They have prospered whilst the people have been benefited. The market value of the stocks of our most important railroads has been steadily increased. This is shown by the following comparative statement of the prices at which the stocks of the Central railroad and of the Georgia railroad and Banking company, the two most extensive railroad systems in this State in 1879, were selling in 1879 and are selling now: Selling at In 1879. Selling at In 1890 Georgia It. R stock 78 301 Central It. R. itock 79 121 Not only have the charges of rail roads been reduced, and the value of their properties enhanced ; but there has been an immense increase in their mileage since 1879. The records of this office show that for the five years previous to the establishment of the commission in 1879, there were built in this State less than one hundred miles of railroad, showing an annual average of about twenty miles, and since 1879 to the present time there have been built in Georgia two thou sand miles of railroad, making an average of two hundred miles per annum. The sentiment of the people of Geor gia toward a railroad commission can be determined by the following facts: All candidates for the offi.- of Gov ernor in the past eight y srs, the members of the present 1 . iglature, without a known exception; the pres ent candidates for Governor; the can didates for Congress and for the legis lature at this time, who have been announced, have been and are in favor of a railroal commission. In addition, I may state that the press of the dtate and the Farmers' Alliance favor a railroad commission, and that many organizations of the alliance favor an increase of the powers of the existing commission. The establishment of a railroad commission, with the proper powers to make joint rates for all connecting roads in your State would certainly result, in my judgment, in the build ing of many roads from trunk lines into sections that otherwise will never have the benefit of a railroad. This would follow because the railroad commission, by the making and en forcing of & joint rate over the two roads (the bow and the trunk line) to the commercial centres of your State would be a guarantee against the ex ercise of unfriendly hindrances, and the establishment of such arbitrary rates by the trunk lines as to head oft and crush out the new road and thereby making its construction im practicable. With such a joint rate, however, the new road would be able to reach your commercial cities with their ship ments over the trunk linn upon such just and reasonable terms as to insure their construction and make them paying roads. In the absence of such a regulation the new roads would be forced to build long and expensive through lines to reach the commercial thoroughfares, at a cost so great, in many instances, as to entirely defeat their construction. Without such power vested somewhere to overcome the arbitrary rule of trunk lines, they may entirely prevent, by the means above alluded to, the building of roads in large eections of your country, and absolutely lock them up against all railroad facilities except as furnished by themselves upon their own terms With such a regulation, however and the enforcement of such a rate all sections of your State that are able to build a short road and connect it with any other road can do so with the assurance given by the authority lodged in a commission of being justly and fairly dealt with, which would, as I have said, insure the building of railroads into sections that are now without them. One other reason, and probably the strongest one that can be given show ing the necessity of a railroad com mission, grows out of the fact that the stocks of railroads are now held largely for speculation, and not as an invest ment. If they were held as an invest ment it would be to the interest of those holding them to give to the country such a service at such rates as would add to the wealth and popu lation of the country, which would, in return, remunerate the roads by the increase of travel and larger tonnage, as the natural results of increased population and wealth. But when the stock of the roads are held as they now are, for speculative purposes alone, the holders have no interest in the future of the railroads, or in the future of the country which they traverse or in the people of the country. Their interest is in the reports and in the ntxt dividends. As these are to govern and regulate the prices in which they look for ad van tageoui sales and large profits, this state of affairs causes an irresistible demand by the holders of the stock upon the officers who are managing the roads for favorable reports and large dividends, which can only be given by exacting such high rates of the patrons of the roads, and the country through which they pass, as to strip every industry and every interest that the road may touch of all profits, with most disastrous results to the country and to the people. A railroad commission, clothed with proper authority, could prevent all this by the establishment of rates that would be just to the country and to the roads by disregarding these de mands made by speculators in stocks, and prescribing and fixing a rate for the roads by which the country would be developed, enriched and made populous. The stimulus that such a favorable rate would give to all pur suits and all industries would in return pay the roads, by reason of increased travel and a larger tonnage, more than they now make by the hih rates upon their light travel and small tonnage. In conclusion, permit me to state that I do not wish to bs misunderstood as attributing all the prosperity of Georgia, and especially of her railroad interests, to the fact that she has a railroad commission. Georgia feels the impulse toward progress and development which stirs in all her sister States, and is reaping some of the general benefit of the general prosperity of the times. But I do honestly believe that the railroad commission has been a great factor in her prosperity, and shall be glad to know that the great State of Texas has organized a commission with the proper p wers, and has placed the administration of those powers, in proper hands. Yours respectfully, L. N. Trammrll, Chairman of the Railroad Commis sion of the State of Georgia. A SUGG2STION. Oaks, Orange Co., N. C. Mb. Editor: As it is sometime yet till the legislature will meet, if you will allow me space, I would like to suggest to the people of Orange county that we discuss in the Alliance and elsewhere, also through the col umns of The Progressive Farmhr and State Chronicle if they will lend us a helping hand in the matter, as to the best method to adopt for the improve ment of our public roads. Who will be first to suggest a plan ? We need better roads, and in order to have them it is necessary that we have a better system for working them. Let any one who will suggest a plan, then let us discuss the plans suggested as above stated, unite upon some plan and ask the legislature to enact into law. Respectfully, Scifio. THE NORFOLK EXCHANGE. Mr. Editor: Please Allow me space to answer once for all the many letters I am daily receiving from the brotherhood in North Carolina reJa tive to "the Norfolk Alliance Ex change." This Exchange is estab lished by R. M. Humphrey, National Superintendent of the colored Farm ers' National Alliance and Co opera tive Union, whose main office is in Houston, -Texas, and is chartered by the laws of the United States and re cordel It is for the benefit of the members of the colored Farmers' Alliance in North Carolina and Vir ginia, and each member is expected to pay $2 to form a business agency fund. They are paying it in rapidly and we hope this fall to collect this from the entire 40,000 membership, thus giving us $80,000. When I was appointed manager 1 was required to give bond for faithful performance of a contract which requires me to place this money in bank and United States bonds. My bond, together with this money, secures all other money handled or contracts made. It is in no way connected with the North Carolina business agency at Raleigh. It is the duty of every Alliance man to sustain his business agency or ex change. Bro. Worth will succeed just in proportion as you furnish him sup port. This exchange will succeed in proportion to the amount of stock se cured by paying the $2 each and the trade that pa.sses through it. I solicit no trade that should go through Bro. Worth's office, but desire to co operate for mutual benefit. I do solicit cotton shipments to me for the following reasons: As a, rule Norfolk is the best cotton market for North Caro lina. I am here and have most per feet arrangements for handling cot ton. By getting large lots together each day, as I am now doing, I can get more for it and have it handled cheaper. There is no chance for loss by accident, for every bale is insured from the moment it touches the wharf till sold. I think my bond, together with my "agency fund," is better se curity for faithfully making out sales and remitting than nine tenths of the commission men can show. I have written the above in the in teres of perfeGt understanding and hope its constitutionality will not de bar it from your columns. W. J. Rogers. FROM WOODINGTON ALLIANCE, NO 1,240. Mr. Editor: As I havn not seen anything from our Alliance in your valuable paper, I take up my pen, as Corresponding Secretary, to let you and other3 know how we are getting along. We number about 25 males and about 20 females. We are help ing to fight the good cause. We have ordered a good many things through the business agent and we get them much cheaper than we do to buy them from the merchants. We are now helping the members that have had bad luck. W e have now raised nearly $20 to help four members, three for doctor's bills and one for loss by fire. We also nave a very good lecturer, Prof. E. P. Hauser. He keeps things awake with his good lectures. He lectures elsewhere also. J. A. W ard, Cor. Sec'y. CAMDEN COUNTY ALLIANCE. From the proceedings of Camden County Alliance we publish the fol lowing extracts: Rev. T. B. BoushalJ, Lecturer, read the address delivered by Elias Carr, President of the N. C. F. S. Alliance, at Asheville, N. C, after which he made j? very appropriate speech for the good of the order, also exemplified the unwritten work. Bro H. C. Lamb offered the follow ing resolution: Resolved, That this Alliance re quests that each Sub Alliance tax each member one dollar a year for the sup port of public schools. This fund is to supplement the fund levied by the State and county for the purpose of havirg a term of one or more months added to the present term, said amount to be paid to the teachers by the Sub-Alliances. On motion it was adopted. On motion these proceedings be published in the falcon and The Pro gressitb Farmeb. The Alliance adjourned to meet the second Friday in January, 1891. W. R. Doziib, Sec'y. E. S. Mercer, Pres't. RESOLUTIONS BY WARREN - COUNTY ALLIANCE. Resolved, That we, the members of Warren County Alliance, in regular session assembled, do hereby renew our allegiauce and pledge our faith to support the demands of the Alliance, both State and National, and ratified by the Sub Alliances. Retolvtd That we do hereby endorse The Projressive Farmer and believe it to be the exponent of true Alliance principles and it3 editor, our honored National President, the people's friend. And we do urge upon all Alliance men to read The Progressive Farmer to the exclusion of all other papers which seem to be endeavoring to d image our order. Resolved, In reference to Senator Vance, we desire to assure him that he has our hearty support, so far as he endorses our Alliance demands and no further, and that, if elected, we shall expect him to obey the instruc tions of the North Carolin Legisla ture, regardless of his opinion of their constitutionality. Resolved, That we have confidence in his ability and do urge him to use influence in procuring the passage of a bill embracing the Suo-Treasury principles. Resolved, That we, as Alliance men, revile and remember the papers and public men as enemies, who are en deavoring to cripple and defeat our efforts. Resolved, That these resolutions be forwarded to The Progressive Farmer and the State Ch-onicle with a request that they publish the same. H. E. Whitke, Sec'y. If near a town or city won't it pay you better to look up private families as buyers of your butter, than to sell it at the store ? ' NEW INDUSTRIES. Enterprises of Various Kinds to be Put in Operation and Things fokely to be D ne at an Early Day Rip Van Winkle Cannot Stay in the Old No th State. Manufatcurere1 Record. Rox borough Joseph Younge? has. it is stated, built a grist mill and a saw mill. Laurinburg It is reported that a stok company is being organized to erect a cotton factory. Winston The Twin City Invest ment Co. has been organized with a capital stock of $25,000. Cumberland The Cumberland Mills is reported as having put new machinery in its cotton mills. Gi-sonville The Eureka Mill Co., recently reported as organized, will, it is stated, erect a lumber mill. Winston A cotton factory will probably be established in Winston. M. A. B'.air can give information. Raleigh A stock company is rt' ported as having been organized to publish an agricultural newspaper. Reidsville The grist mill and box factory of J. H. Wralker & Co., re ported in last issue as burned, will, it is stated, be rebuilt. Burlington The Aurora Cotton Mills, recently reported as being en larged' contemplates putting in an in candescent electric-light plant. Mt. Airy The Granite City Land & Improvement Co. has been incor porated and purchased 900 acres of land. T. B. MoCargo is secretary. New Berne The Stimson Lumber Co, lately reoorted as to operate a saw and planing mill, has contrated for the addition of a band mill and outfit. Tarboro L. N. Cox, of 16 Fifth street S. E, Washington, D. C, has purchased the water works, lately mentioned, and will enlarge and im prove same. Trice's Store B. F. Feeley has or ganized a stock company, it is re ported, to develop the silver mines in Rockingham and Henry counties pre viously mentioned. Wilkesborough-George Finleyand others are reported as having organ ized a $100,000 land and improve ment company at Gordon City, oppo site Wilkesborough. Marion A stock company has been organized, as stated in last issue, by W. H. Roberts, J. H. A tkin, M. F. Morphin and others to establish a bar re), keg and bucket factory. Hyde County The Wilmington Improvement Co. is reported as hav ing made a proposition to the State board of education for the purchase of 100,000 acrea of swamp land m Hyde county, known as Hyde Park for 45 cents per acre. MOORE COUNTY IN SESSION. Resolved, That the Moore County Alliance instruct all the delegates here to day to see to it that all the members of his or her local Alliance register and vote the coming election. Resolved, That the delegates and members now present, including the ladies, resolve ourselves into a com mittee of the whole to urge and per suade all the members of our order to continue to attend punctually to his and her Alliance and stand firmly by the colors of our order and co operate for the good of the same. Resolved, That we denounce the tariff law that has been passed by Congress. Resolved, That whereas, we farmers an i Alliance men have asked for re lief from the heavy burdens which we have borne more than twenty five years, and instead of relief they have laid heavier burdens on us further to enrich the rich manufacturers and monopolies. Committee on Good of the Order. D. B. Shields, Sec'y. GASTON COUNTY ALLIANCE. r. Editor: The Gaston County Farmers' Alliance met on October 3 J, 1890, with the Stanley Creek Alliance, No. 433. Every Sub Alliance in the county was represented. After the installation of the officers elect for the ensuing year, the Alliance adjourned to the grove near by where the good brethren and sisters had spread a bountiful repast, and was partaken of freely. After dinner the Alliance was called to order by the President, and the following resolutions were passed : Resolvd, That this Alliance, wish ing to obtain a flexible currency to enable us to transact business without being at the mercy of the monied mo nopolists, fully endorse the Sub f Treasury plan and are willing to give our sunrage to the candidate for Congress who pledges himself to the support of this plan in the best shape in which it is possible to be obtained. Resolved, That this Alliance advise all Alliance members not to support any paper adverse to the cause of the Alliance. Resolve . That the above resolutions be sent to The Progressive Farmer for publication, with the request that all papers friendly to our cause copy the same. Fraternallv, L. G. Cathey, Sec'y. A LETTER FROM FORSYTH COUNTY. Lewisville, N 0., Oct. 1, 1890. Mr. Editor: I would like to say a word, by the way, to the voting men of the Forsyth Alliance and the Fifth district. Elections will soon be upon us, and as the day for sentimental politics has passed, let us, to a man, see that Alli ance men are our representatives in Congress and the Legislature. Of course, where Alliance meu are elected on our county tickets, it will be a gratification, but it is of minor im portance as compared with the State and National issue. It would be well for us to carry the clause, which de clares us " noa partisan in politics " close to our hearts, and stand by it on election day. There should be no interest as to old party issues; the slave to his old party deserves the sympathy of all his Alliance brethren. We can show by support of our own men of either party, that there is such a thing as party affiliation, and that we are go ing to suid shoulder to shoulder un til we accomplish the end we design, which is the Sub Treasury plan per fected and completed. J. W. Miller. RESOLUTIONS PASSED BY BER TIE COUNTY ALLIANCE. t r t t jt ' 1 . whereas, uertain political news papers in this State have assumed a hostile attitude toward our organiza tion and it demands; aad, whereas, we believe these newspapers are creat ing lukewarmness ?n the ranks of the voters in our county. Therefore be it Resolved, That Bertie County Alli ance unitedly disapprove atid condemn the course of all such newspapers, wherever published, in the vicious and malicious manner they have chosen to speak of our organization and it3 de mands. Resolved, When such pipers by continued abuse and misrepresentation of any officer . or other prominent member of our or ier, shall by such unfair means seek to divide our strength or destroy our unity, that we will no longer give countenance or support to such paper, but will with hold all patronage, even to its adver tismg, and we ask all mem'iers of our order o unite with us in maintaining taese resolutions to their fullest ex tent. Resolved, That these resolutions be sent to The Progressive Farmer for publication, also Windsor Ledy r. Sec'y. Let it be remembered that now, as ever, the people are the builders of the nation. Kings and que-ns, senates aud citie3 are but the extraneos forms, the gil led drapery that clothes and decks the internal and and majestic form. Pyramids may lift their tower ing heads to the sky and proclaim the name of a mouldering and departed Pharioh; but Egypt was made by its toiling millions. Pericles and Phidias may write their names on the grand and lofty facade of a marble Parthenon, but the power and glory of Greece found their form and expression in the bravery and devotion of its people. Vespasian may be rempmbered by the stupendous ruins of acrumbling colosseum, but its conception was the work of an humble artist, and the patient persevering toil of the faithful mechanic reared on high its ancient walls. And so was it all along the track of the ages. Behind all heroes, and temples, and arches, and thrones, an i crowns, and empirrs,have gathered the people, the swarming millions that have made them what they are. The bswi ching power of forms and names is bo more the talisman to move and inspire the world The Pacific Union. ---- There is a vast difference between butter made from cows in moderately clean stables, led en proved der not really musty, and that of cows kept in dean, light stables, free from bai odors. X
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Oct. 28, 1890, edition 1
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